GREAT SEAS MARINERS TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT CENTER, INC.
2F NLM Hall Bldg. KKFI 937 P. Paredes St. cor. Espana Blvd. Sampaloc Manila
Tel No: (+63) (02) 8568 8103; e-mail: info@greatseasmariners.com.ph
BASIC TRAINING – FIRE PREVENTION AND FIRE FIGHTING
Topic 2. Location of fire-fighting appliances and emergency escape route
Handout: Location of Fire-Fighting Appliances and Emergency Escape Routes
Fire safety on board a ship is one of the most critical aspects of maritime operations, and it depends
greatly on the correct placement and accessibility of fire-fighting appliances as well as the proper
marking and maintenance of emergency escape routes. Every crewmember must be familiar with
these locations to respond quickly and effectively during an emergency, as a delayed response can
result in uncontrolled fire spread and loss of lives or property.
Fire-fighting appliances are distributed throughout the vessel in a systematic manner to ensure that
fires can be tackled promptly wherever they occur. Portable fire extinguishers are placed in
accommodation spaces, passageways, machinery areas, galleys, and other high-risk zones, with
the type of extinguisher carefully chosen based on the fire hazards most likely to occur in that area.
For example, carbon dioxide extinguishers are commonly found in engine rooms, foam
extinguishers near cargo spaces, and dry chemical extinguishers in galleys. Fire hydrants and hose
reels are also installed at key points, ensuring that every section of the vessel can be reached by at
least one hose length. In addition to these portable and semi-fixed appliances, ships are equipped
with fixed systems such as carbon dioxide flooding systems for machinery spaces and cargo holds,
sprinkler systems for accommodation spaces, and foam systems for tankers and cargo pump
rooms. To support fire-fighting operations, fireman’s outfits and breathing apparatus sets are stored
in lockers near muster stations or the fire control station, enabling trained personnel to enter smoke-
filled or hazardous areas safely. The fire control station itself acts as the command center, where
alarms, detection panels, and communication systems are monitored and controlled.
Just as important as fighting fire is ensuring that everyone onboard has a safe path to escape in
case of emergency. Emergency escape routes are clearly marked throughout the vessel, often with
illuminated or photoluminescent signs to remain visible even during blackouts. These routes must
remain free of obstructions at all times. From accommodation spaces, there are always at least two
separate escape routes to allow safe evacuation. The engine room, due to its high fire risk, is
provided with two remote escapes, such as escape trunks or ladders, leading to safe areas outside
the machinery space. Cargo areas and enclosed spaces also have designated escape routes that
lead directly to the open deck, where crew and passengers can muster safely. Emergency exits are
designed to be opened easily under conditions of heat, smoke, or darkness, ensuring that crew
members can evacuate quickly without delay.
Familiarity with the location of fire-fighting appliances and escape routes is not optional but an
essential duty of every crewmember. Regular drills and training are conducted to ensure that
personnel know how to use the equipment and how to evacuate efficiently in case of a real
emergency. This knowledge not only ensures compliance with the SOLAS Convention and other
international safety regulations but also provides the crew with confidence and preparedness,
reducing panic in the event of an actual fire.
In conclusion, the effectiveness of fire safety onboard a ship depends not just on the presence of
appliances and escape routes but on the crew’s awareness and readiness to use them. Constant
vigilance, routine inspections, and frequent safety drills are vital to maintaining a safe environment
at sea. By knowing exactly where fire-fighting equipment is located and how to access escape
routes, crewmembers contribute significantly to the safety of the entire vessel.
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