Rent and eviction
Gentrification is a process in which a formerly inexpensive neighborhood becomes more
popular with wealthier people, increasing residential house prices and forcing poorer
residents out. Gentrification may cause or influence evictions, foreclosures, and rent
regulation.
Increased wealth disparity and income inequality cause distortions in the housing market that
push rent burdens higher, making housing unaffordable. [58]
In many countries, people lose their homes by government orders to make way for newer
upscale high-rise buildings, roadways, and other governmental needs. [59] The compensation
may be minimal, in which case the former occupants cannot find appropriate new housing
and become homeless.
Mortgage foreclosures where mortgage holders see the best solution to a loan default is to
take and sell the house to pay off the debt can leave people homeless. [60] Foreclosures on
landlords often lead to the eviction of their tenants. "The Sarasota, Florida, Herald
Tribune noted that, by some estimates, more than 311,000 tenants nationwide have been
evicted from homes this year [2009] after lenders took over the properties." [53][61]
Rent regulation also has a small effect on shelter and street populations.[62] This is largely due
to rent control reducing the quality and quantity of housing. For example, a 2019 study found
that San Francisco's rent control laws reduced tenant displacement from rent-controlled units
in the short-term, but resulted in landlords removing thirty percent of the rent-controlled
units from the rental market, (by conversion to condos or TICs) which led to a fifteen percent
citywide decrease in total rental units, and a seven percent increase in citywide rents. [63]
Economics
Lack of jobs that pay living wages, lack of affordable housing, and lack of health and social
services can lead to poverty and homelessness.[64] Factors that can lead to economic struggle
include neighborhood gentrification (as previously discussed), job loss, debt, loss of money or
assets due to divorce, death of breadwinning spouse, being denied jobs due to discrimination,
and many others.
Moreover, the absence of accessible healthcare and social services further compounds the
economic struggle for many. Inadequate healthcare can lead to untreated illnesses, making it
more demanding for certain individuals to maintain employment, perpetuating a continuous
cycle of poverty. Social services, including mental health support and addiction treatment, are
essential for addressing the root causes of economic hardship. However, limited access to
these services leaves vulnerable populations without the necessary support systems,
hindering their ability to escape poverty.[65]