1. Who discovered the circulation of blood in the human body?
➤ William Harvey
2. Who invented the stethoscope?
➤ René Laennec
3. Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?
➤ Edward Jenner
4. Who discovered penicillin?
➤ Alexander Fleming
5. Which scientist is credited with discovering insulin?
➤ Frederick Banting and Charles Best
6. Who discovered the cause of tuberculosis?
➤ Robert Koch
7. Who developed the first successful polio vaccine?
➤ Jonas Salk
8. Who developed antiseptic surgery techniques?
➤ Joseph Lister
9. Who discovered the link between germs and disease (germ theory)?
➤ Louis Pasteur
10. Who is called the ‘Father of Microbiology’?
➤ Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
11. Who coined the term “cell”?
➤ Robert Hooke
12. Who discovered the cell nucleus?
➤ Robert Brown
13. Who proved that microorganisms cause fermentation?
➤ Louis Pasteur
14. Who introduced the term “protoplasm”?
➤ J. E. Purkinje
15. Who discovered that all cells come from pre-existing cells?
➤ Rudolf Virchow
16. Who discovered phagocytosis in cells?
➤ Élie Metchnikoff
17. Who discovered the Golgi apparatus?
➤ Camillo Golgi
18. Who is known as the ‘Father of Taxonomy’?
➤ Carl Linnaeus
19. Who discovered the process of photosynthesis in green plants?
➤ Jan Ingenhousz
20. Who introduced the binomial system of naming organisms?
➤ Carl Linnaeus
21. Who discovered the hormone auxin in plants?
➤ F.W. Went
22. Who discovered that plants absorb nutrients from the soil?
➤ Jean-Baptiste van Helmont
23. Who explained the mechanism of stomatal opening and closing?
➤ Julius von Sachs
24. Who is known as the ‘Father of Genetics’?
➤ Gregor Mendel
25. Who discovered the laws of heredity?
➤ Gregor Mendel
26. Who discovered chromosomes?
➤ Walther Flemming
27. Who discovered the structure of DNA?
➤ James Watson and Francis Crick
28. Who cloned the first mammal, Dolly the sheep?
➤ Ian Wilmut and team
29. What organism was first genetically engineered to produce insulin?
➤ E. coli (bacteria)
30. What biological molecule carries genetic instructions? DNA
31. Who discovered the circulation of blood in the human body?
➤ William Harvey
32. Who invented the stethoscope?
➤ René Laennec
33. Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?
➤ Edward Jenner
34. Who discovered penicillin?
➤ Alexander Fleming
35. Who discovered the cause of tuberculosis?
➤ Robert Koch
36. Who developed the first successful polio vaccine?
➤ Jonas Salk
37. What is the chemical symbol for water?
➤ H₂O
38. Which organ in the human body pumps blood?
➤ Heart
39. What is force measured in?
➤ Newtons (N)
40. Name the gas essential for human respiration.
➤ Oxygen
41. What is the basic unit of life?
➤ Cell
42. Which vitamin is produced in the skin when exposed to sunlight?
➤ Vitamin D
43. Which acid is found in the stomach?
➤ Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
44. What is the process of converting a liquid into gas called?
➤ Evaporation
45. Name the three states of matter.
➤ Solid, Liquid, Gas
46. What do you call animals that eat only plants?
➤ Herbivores
47. What is the atomic number of carbon?
➤6
48. Who proposed the theory of relativity?
➤ Albert Einstein
49. What is the SI unit of electric current?
➤ Ampere (A)
50. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
➤ Mitochondria
51. What is the chemical formula of common salt?
➤ NaCl
52. What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
➤ For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
53. Which part of the brain controls balance?
➤ Cerebellum
54. What is the pH value of neutral substances?
➤7
55. What is the function of white blood cells?
➤ To fight infection/disease (immunity)
56. What happens in nuclear fission?
➤ A nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing energy.
57. Why do we wear cotton clothes in summer?
➤ They keep us cool by absorbing sweat.
58. Why do ice cubes melt in warm water?
➤ Because heat is transferred to the ice.
59. Why do we boil water before drinking?
➤ To kill germs
60. What is the main source of Vitamin D?
➤ Sunlight
61. Why should we cover our mouth when sneezing?
➤ To prevent the spread of germs
62. Which part of the computer is known as its brain?
➤ CPU
63. What is used to see very tiny things like cells?
➤ Microscope
64. What happens to a shadow when the object moves closer to the light source?
➤ It becomes larger
65. Which device helps to see distant objects in the sky?
➤ Telescope
66. Which gas do humans exhale?
➤ Carbon dioxide
67. What is the force that pulls objects toward Earth?
➤ Gravity
68. What tool is used to measure temperature?
➤ Thermometer
69. Which object uses a magnet to point north?
➤ Compass
70. Which form of energy comes from the Sun?
➤ Solar energy
71. What simple machine is used to lift heavy loads?
➤ Pulley
72. What is the unit of electric current?
➤ Ampere
73. What is used to complete an electric circuit?
➤ Switch
74. What kind of energy does a moving car have?
➤ Kinetic energy
75. What does a battery store?
➤ Chemical energy
76. What is the force that pulls objects toward Earth?
➤ Gravity
77. What tool is used to measure temperature?
➤ Thermometer
78. Which object uses a magnet to point north?
➤ Compass
79. Which form of energy comes from the Sun?
➤ Solar energy
80. What simple machine is used to lift heavy loads?
➤ Pulley
81. What is the unit of electric current?
➤ Ampere
82. What does a battery store?
➤ Chemical energy
