200280116023 Bhavik
Practical 4
Aim:- Implement different LAN topologies using Network Simulator.
1. Bus Topology :- Bus topology is a network type in which every computer and network device
is connected to single cable. When it has exactly two endpoints, then it is called Linear Bus
topology.
2. Features of Bus Topology
3. It transmits data
only in one direction.
4. Every device is
connected to a single
cable
5. Advantages of Bus
Topology
6. It is cost
effective.
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200280116023 Bhavik
7. Cable required is
least compared to
other network
8. topology.
9. Used in small
networks.
10. It is easy to
understand.
11. Easy to expand
joining two cables
together.
12. Disadvantages of Bus
Topology
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13. Cables fails
then whole network
fails.
14. If network
traffic is heavy or
nodes are more the
15. performance of
the network
decreases.
16. Cable has a
limited length.
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17. It is slower than
the ring topology.
Features of Bus Topology:-
o It transmits data only in one direction.
o Every device is connected to a single cable.
Advantages of Bus Topology
o It is cost effective.
o Cable required is least compared to other network topology.
o Used in small networks.
o It is easy to understand.
o Easy to expand joining two cables together.
Disadvantages of Bus Topology
o Cables fails then whole network fails.
o If network traffic is heavy or nodes are more the performance of the network
decreases.
o Cable has a limited length.
o It is slower than the ring topology.
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2. Ring Topology :- It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is connected to
another computer, with the last one connected to the first. Exactly two neighbors for each device.
Features of Ring Topology :
o A number of repeaters are used for Ring topology with large number of nodes, because if
someone wants to send some data to the last node in the ring topology with 100 nodes, then
the data will have to pass through 99 nodes to reach the 100th node. Hence to prevent data
loss repeaters are used in the network.
o The transmission is unidirectional, but it can be made bidirectional by having 2 connections
between each Network Node, it is called Dual Ring Topology.
o In Dual Ring Topology, two ring networks are formed, and data flow is in opposite direction
in them. Also, if one ring fails, the second ring can act as a backup, to keep the network up.
o Data is transferred in a sequential manner that is bit by bit. Data transmitted, has to pass
through each node of the network, till the destination node.
Advantages of Ring Topology :
o Transmitting network is not affected by high traffic or by adding more nodes, as only the
nodes having tokens can transmit data.
o Cheap to install and expand .
Disadvantages of Ring Topology :
o Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology.
o Adding or deleting the computers disturbs the network activity.
o Failure of one computer disturbs the whole network.
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3. Star topology:- In this type of topology all computer are connected to a single hub through a cable.
This hub is the center node and all other nodes are connected to the central point.
Features of Star Topology:
o Every node has its own dedicated connection to the hub.
o Hub acts as a repeater for data flow.
o Can be used with twisted pair , optical fiber or coaxial cable.
Advantage of Star Topology:
o Fast performance with few nodes and low network traffic.
o Hub can be upgraded easily.
o Easy to troubleshoot.
o Easy to setup and modify.
o Only that node is affected which has failed, rest of the nodes can work smoothly.
Disadvantages Of Star Topology :
o Cost of installation is high.
o Expensive to use.
o If the hub fails then the whole network is stopped because all the nodes depend on the hub.
o Performance is based on the hub that is it depends on its capacity.
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4. Mesh Topology :- It is a point-to-point connection to other nodes or devices. All the network nodes
are connected to each other. Mesh has n(n-1)/2 physical channels to link n devices.
Types of Mesh Topology
1. Partial Mesh Topology : In this topology some of the systems are connected in the same
fashion as mesh topology but some devices are only connected to two or three devices.
2. Full Mesh Topology : Each and every nodes or devices are connected to each other.
Features of Mesh Topology
o Fully connected.
o Robust , Not flexible.
Advantages of Mesh Topology
o Each connection can carry its own data load.
o It is robust.
o Fault is diagnosed easily.
o Provides security and privacy.
Disadvantages of Mesh Topology
o Installation and configuration is difficult.
o Cabling cost is more.
o Bulk wiring is required.
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