Test: - Determination Consistency of Cement
Test Method: IS: 4031 (Part-4)-1988
Overview: Consistency in cement is determined using Vicat Apparatus as a % of Water
added to the mass of dry cement.
Apparatus:
Vicat Apparatus
Balance- Accuracy of 1.0g
Gauging Trowel
Stopwatch
Highlight: - The Temperature and Humidity 27± 2°C and >65% maintain respectively.
.
Procedure: -
1. Take sample qty of 400gm.
2. Prepare a paste with distilled water Note: time of gauging should be between 3 to 5 mins.
3. Fill the vicat mould with the paste. Shake the mould to expel Air and smoothen the surface of
the paste.
4. Place the mould together with Glass plate under the plunger.
5. Lower the plunger gently to let it sink into the paste.
6. If Plunger penetrates to a point 5 to 7mm from the bottom of the Vicat Mould.
7. Calculation: -
The amount of the water as a % by mass of the dry cement to the first place of decimal.
Test: - Setting Time of Cement
Test method: - IS-4031(Part-5)-1988
Overview: - Distilled water is added to dry cement sample according to the know standard
Consistency. Initial and final setting time are using Needle (c) and Needle (F)
Respectively.
Apparatus: -
Vicat Apparatus
Balance- Accuracy of 1.0g
Trowel shall have steel blade of 100 to 250 mm length wt. about 210 ± 10g.
Humidity Chamber
Stopwatch
Highlight: -
1. The temp. of moulding room shall be maintained at 27± 2O C and humidity at >65%
2. The humidity chamber shall be maintained at 27± 2O C and relative humidity not less than 90
percent.
3. The hole on Needle (F) should be verified for the passing of air.
Procedure: -
1. Take sample dry sample qty of 400gm.
2. Add distilled water V= 0.85 x standard consistency Record the time as starting time.
3. Prepare the paste with distilled within water 3 to 5 min.
4. Fill the vacate mould with paste and complete smooth surface.
5. Put the mould in humidity chamber at 27 ± 2 and > 90% humidity.
6. Monitor the initial setting using needle (c) if sample found to be set at 5± 0.5.
7. Record the initial setting time.
8. Record the final setting time.
9. Monitoring the final setting time using needle (F) sample is considered to be finally set. If
needle makes an impression while the attachment fails to do so
10. Put the mould again in a humidity chamber for final setting.
TEST: Compressive Strength of Cement
Test Method: - IS 4031(P-6):1988
Overview: -Determining compressive strength of cement.
Apparatus: -
Humidity Chamber
Curing Tank
Cube Moulds
Vibrating Machine
CTM
Balance
Trowel
Standard Sand
Poking Rod
Glass cylinder –Graduated.
Highlight: -
1. The temp. of molding room shall be maintained at 27± 2O C.
2. Relative humidity of the Lab shall be >65%.
Procedure: -
1. Take 600g of std. sand and 200g cement sample and water
V=(P+3.0) x 8
4
2. Prepare a mix of cement and sand mix it dry with trowel for one minute.
3. Add water and mix within 3-4 minutes. Reject the mixture id time taken to obtain a uniform
colour exceed 4 minutes.
4. Place the mould on the vibrating machine place the mould in the cube mould prod the mortar
20 times in 8 sec to ensure elimination of entrained air
5. Place the remaining qty of mortar in the upper of the mould and prod again and then compact
the mortar by vibration for 2 minutes.
6. Remove the mould with the base plate.
7. Place the mould 1 humidity chamber for 24hr at 27 ± 2OC and 90% humidity.
8. Remove the cube from mould and submerge the cubes in water at27 ± 2OC.
9. Test three cubes for compressive strength for each period of curing mentioned.
10. Rate of loading of CTM is 35 N/mm2/ Minutes
Calculation: -
C.S.= Load x 1000
Area
Take of avg. of 3 cubes.
Results round of 0.5 N/mm2
TEST: -Soundness Using Le-chatelier Method of Cement
Test Method: - IS 4031(P-3):1988
Overview: -Paste is formed using dry cement sample and distilled water according to the
know Standard consistency. Soundness is recorded as a expansion of cement.
Apparatus: -
Le-chatlier Mould
Spatula
Stop Watch
Balance- Accuracy 1gm
Boiling Water Bath
Glass Tray
Vernier Caliper
Highlight: -
1. Calculate the mean of two values to the nearest 0.5 mm to represent the expansion.
Procedure: -
1. Take sample qty of 100 g.
2. Take water
V= 0.78 x standard consistency
3. Make a paste within 3-5 mins and fill the lightly oiled mould and cover the mould with
lightly oiled glass steel.
4. Submerge the whole assembly in water at 27 ± 2OC keep for 24hrs.
5. Measure the distance separating the indicator points to the nearest 0.5 mm and place the
assembly in water bath and boil the water within 25-30 mins keep to boiling for 3hrs.
6. Bring the sample to room temperature record the final reading.
Result: -
Expansion= Final Reading - Initial Reading
TEST: Dry Shrinkage Test of Cement
Test Method: - IS: (4031 pt-10) 1988
Objects: -This standard Cover the procedure for the determining the drying shrinkage at
Hydraulic cement.
Temp: - 27°C±2°C
RH: - >65%
Humidity- Temp - 27°C±2°C
Rh- Not less than 90%
Rh- Not less than 50%
Apparatus: -
(1) Balance least 1.0
(2) Trowel
(3) Length comparator, Flow table
(4) Mould (Beam) 25x25 mm size internal
Length – 282 mm
Humidity Chamber
Preparation of moulds: -
The mould shall be thinly covered with minored oil.
Preparation of mortar: -
Clean appliance shall be used for mixing and temperature of the water and
Room Should be 27±2°C.Mortar material cement and standard sand
proportion by Mass blended immediately. The amount of water for
gauging shall be flow between 100 to 115% With25 drops in 15 second.
Molding Specimens: -
Immediately following the completion of mixing, the test specimens shall be molded in two
layers each being compacted with thumb. After fill the mould smooth of top at mould with
straight edge. After the moulds place them immediately in a moist room 24±2 hrs. then
remove the specimens of humidity chamber and immerge in water at 27±2°C for six
days. Remove the specimens from water and measure its length a length comparator for
initial length the temp of the test specimen time to initial shall27±2°C after then specimens
allow in the control cabinet at 27±2°C and RH 50±5% for 28 days after period measure the
length in length comparator.
Calculation: -
Calculate the average difference between length of three specimens initial and
final; length. Result nearest 0.01% of effective gauge length.
TEST: Soundness Test by Autoclave Method of Cement
Test Method: - IS 4031 (P-3) :1988
Temp: - 27°C±2°C
RH: - >65%
Humidity- Temp - 27°C±2°C
Rh- Not less than 90%
Apparatus: -
(1) Weighing Balance
(2) Trowel
(3) Length comparator, Flow table
(4) Mould (Beam) 25x25 mm size internal
Length – 282 mm
(5) Humidity Chamber
Preparation of moulds: -
The mould shall be thinly covered with minored oil.
Steps:
1. Prepare of test specimen (take the 500gm sample add the water to give a past of standard
consistency, and then prepare the paste and fill it in the mould specimen then shall be
immediately place in moist room for 24 hours.)
2. Remove the mould after 24 hours, measured the length and place in autoclave in a rack.
3. Operate the instrument as per work instruction.
4. After treating specimen placed in water bath and maintain the water temp 27±2 0c in 15
min.& remove the specimen from water, when the specimen shall be Surface-dried and
measured length again.
5. Calculation as per IS 4031(pt.-3): 1988.
Soundness = (B – A) x 100
C
Where A = Initial reading of test specimen
B = Final reading of test specimen
C = Effective Gauge length
TEST: Density test of Cement
Test Method: - IS 4031 (P-11) :1988
Temp: - 27°C±2°C
RH: - >65%
Apparatus: -
(1) Weighing Balance
(2) Le-Chatelier flask
(3) Constant Water Bath
(4) Kerosine Oil
Steps: -
1. Fill the kerosine Oil at 0 to 1 ml mark and put in constant temp. water bath to take
constant reading.
2. Then fill weighted quantity of sample carefully and again put in constant temp. water
bath and take final reading.
Calculation: -
Density = Mass of the sample in g
Displaced Volume in cm³
Two tests shall be carried out and the average shall be reported.
TEST: - Fineness test of Cement
Test Method: - IS 4031(P-2):1999
Overview: -Fineness in Cement is determined using Blain Apparatus with the help of
Predetermined standard surface Area, density and Bed volume (Using CRM
at Specified porosity of e=0.500.
Apparatus: -
Blain Air Apparatus
Analytical Balance- Least Count of 0.0001gm
Stop Watch-
Filter Paper (Whatman 42 No.)
Monometer
Le-chatelier Flask
Highlight: -
1. Record the temperature and humidity.
2. Determine the standard Surface Area and standard apparatus constant using CRM.
3. Determine the density of the sample. Ref. IS 4031 (Part-II)
4. Determine the Bed volume using CRM.
Procedure: -
1. Distribute the fines in a sample using a clean & dry Rod
2. Weight a sample m1=0.500pv (g).
3. Place the disc and Filter in a plunger.
4. Compact Properly.
5. Place the plunger, Blaine. Pump the Air with Bulb. Close the valve tightly.
6. Record the reading using stop watch thrice calculate the avg. time measured.
Calculation: -
At 27 ± 2OC at 20± 2OC
S= 521.08 K_/ t OR S= 524.2 K_/ t
P P
