GRAMMAR
Grammar = is the study of words and how words work together
Or is the art of putting the right word into the right place
Examples
1 ) she abart her child
2 ) they are abandoning their homes
3 ) she likes money
4 ) He is learning Arabic
TENSE
Tense _ is the form of the verb that shows time .or
Tense is indicates the verb that shows is done was done and will be done
Note _ that are three main Tense e.g
1 ) present Tense
2 ) past Tense
3 ) future Tense
Each of these main Tense is sub_divided into 4 groups
PRESENT TENSE
1) simple present Tense
2 ) present continuous Tense
3 ) present perfect Tense
4 ) present perfect continuous Tense
PAST
1 ) simple past Tense
2 ) past continuous Tense
3 ) past perfect Tense
4 ) past perfect continuous Tense
FUTURE
1 ) simple future Tense
2 ) future continuous Tense
3 ) future perfect Tense
4 ) future perfect continuous Tense
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
S.P.T _ it is used to express an action that happens daily or habitual time
Or is used to express an action that happens of the moment
Formular _ subject +present verb +infinitive verb +object +full stop ( . )
STATEMENT /AFFIRMATIVR
1 ) I trekked to school
2 ) we attend his agrierance
3 ) you emerge right now
4 ) He reads abook
5 ) She washes the clothes
CAN'T
Note that _ in simple present tense we use do and does
DO Does
I she
YUO he
WE it
THEY
Question/interrogative
Def _ these are statement shows quary
For m _ Do/Does+subject +present verb +object +question mark ( ? )
EXAMPLES
1 ) Do I trekkle to school?
2 ) Do we attend his agrierance?
3 ) Do you emerge right now?
4 ) Does he reads abook?
5 ) Does she washes the clothes?
Negative
Def _ these are statement that shows disagreements
Form _ subject +do not /Does not +present verb +object +full stop ( . )
Examples
1 ) I donot trekkle to school.
2 ) we do not attend his agrierance.
3 )you do not emerge right now.
4 ) He does not reads abook .
5 ) she does not washes the clothes.
Negative with question
Def _ these are words that dipicts both query and disagreements
Form _ Don't/doesn't +subject +present verb +object +question mark ( ? )
Examples
1 ) Don't I trekkle to school?
2 ) Don't we attend his agrierance?
3 ) Don't you emerge right now?
4 ) Doesn't he reads abook?
5 ) Doesn't she washes the clothes?
Positive Negative
Work Don't
I do not
You work
We Doesn't
They Does not
Work
Ccc
I He
Do you Does she work
We work it
They
Where do you live?
What do you do?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
P.C.T _ is used to express an action that is happening now or at time of speaking
Form _ subject +am/is/are+verb+ing+object +full stop ( . )
Examples
1 ) iam working
2 ) you are working
3 ) they are working
4 ) we are working
5 ) He is working
6 ) she is working
7 ) it is working
STATEMENT
1 ) iam studying English.
2 ) she is listening music.
3 ) they are repairing acar.
4 ) it is eating meat .
5 ) we are selling computer.
Question
Form _ Am/is/are+subject +verb+ing +object +question mark ( ? )
1 ) Am i studying English?
2 ) is she listening music?
3 ) Are they repairing acar?
4 ) is it eating meat?
5 ) Are we selling computer?
NEGATIVE
1 ) iam not studying English.
2 ) she is not listening music.
3 ) they are not repairing acar.
4 ) it is not eating meat.
5 ) we are not selling computer.
Negative with question
1 ) Amn't I studying English?
2 ) isn't she listening music?
3 ) Aren't they repairing acar?
4 ) isn't it eating meat?
5 ) Aren't we selling computer?
When we use the p.p.t or p.c.t
Now _ the baby is sleeping
Around now _ he is writing abook
Temporary _we are staying at a hotel
Trend _ the prices of home are increasing
Repeated action _ they are always making noise
Future _she is flying to Mexico next week
How to use p.p.t or p.c.t
Subject + to be + verb + ing
I am work ing
Positive question
Working
Iam Am i
You are Are you working
We are we
They are they
He is
She is He
It is is she
It
Negative
Iam we are she is
You are he is use not working
They are it is
REVISION
POSITIVE 1 ) I go iam going
2 ) we wait we are waiting
3 ) they play they are playing
Negative 4 ) she is calling she is not calling
5 ) we are cooking we are not cooking
6 ) iam reading iam not reading
Question 7 ) they are buying a new car.
= ) Are they buying a new car?
8 ) she is doing her homework.
= ) is she doing her homework?
9 ) we are leaving at 8:00.
= ) Are we leaving at 8:00?
Present perfect Tense
* p.p.t _ is used to express an action that has just completed
Or recently finished
Form : subject +have/has+just+past participle verb +object
Statement
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Question
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Negative
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Negative with question
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Present perfect continuous Tense
Def _ is used to explicit an action that began in the past and still going on
Form : subject +have/has +been +verb +ing +object +since/for
N/B : for is used aduration of time while since is used aspecific point of time0
