Q.1 Name the software required to make a computer functional. Write down its two primary functions.
Answer:- • Operating system software required to make a computer functional. Like: - Windows, Linux,
Macintosh, Ubuntu, Fedora, Android, iOS, etc.
Its two primary functions are:-
• The operating system manages other application programs.
• Provides access and security to the users of the system.
Q.2 What is the need of RAM? How does it differ from ROM?
Answer:- RAM is used to store data temporarily while the computer is working. Whenever the computer is
started or a software application is launched, the required program and data are loaded into RAM for processing.
Differences between RAM and ROM:-
RAM:- ROM:-
• RAM refers to random access memory where • ROM refers to read only memory where only
both read and write operations can take place. read operation can take place.
• RAM is a volatile memory. • The ROM is a non-volatile memory.
• Its contents are lost when power is turned off. • It stores data permanently.
• It stores data temporarily. • Its contents are not lost when power is turned off.
Q.3 What is the need for secondary memory?
Answer:- Primary memory has limited storage capacity and is either volatile (RAM) or read-only (ROM). Thus, a
computer system needs auxiliary or secondary memory to permanently store the data or instructions for future
use.
Q.4 Draw the block diagram of a computer system. Briefly write about the functionality of each component.
Answer:-
CPU: - It is the electronic circuitry of a computer
that carries out the actual processing and is usually
referred to as the brain of the computer. It is also
commonly called 'processor' also.
The CPU is given instructions and data through
programs. The CPU then fetches the program and
data from the memory and performs arithmetic
and logical operations as per the given instructions
and stores the result back to memory.
ALU: - ALU performs all the arithmetic and logic operations that need to be done as per the instruction in a
program.
CU: - CU controls sequential instruction execution, interprets instructions and guides data flow through the
computer’s memory, ALU and input or output devices.
Input device: - The devices through which control signals are sent to a computer are termed as input devices.
These devices convert the input data into a digital form that is acceptable by the computer system. Some
examples of input devices include keyboard, mouse, touch screen, scanner, etc.
Output Devices: - The device that receives data from a computer system for display, physical production, etc., is
called output device. It converts digital information into human understandable form. For example, monitor,
projector, headphone, speaker, printer, etc.
Q.5 Differentiate between proprietary software and freeware software. Name two software of each type.
Answer:-
Freeware software:- Proprietary software:-
Software are freely available for use but source code When software to be used has to be purchased from
may not be available. Such software is called freeware the vendor who has the copyright of the software,
then it is a proprietary software.
Examples of freeware are Skype, Adobe Reader etc. Examples of proprietary software are Microsoft
Windows, Tally, Quick heal etc.
Q.6 Mention any browsers used for browsing the internet.
Answer:- Google Chrome, Firefox
Q.7 Name the input/output device used to do the following:
(a) To output audio
(b) To enter textual data
(c) To make hard copy of a text file
(d) To display the data/information
(e) To enter audio-based command
(f) To build 3D models
(g) To assist a visually impaired individual in entering data
Answer:-
(a) To output audio:- Speaker
(b) To enter textual data:- Keyboard
(c) To make hard copy of a text file:- Printer
(d) To display the data or information:- Monitor
(e) To enter audio-based command:- Microphone
(f) To build 3D models:- 3D Printer
(g) To assist a visually-impaired individual in entering data:- Braille keyboards
Q.8 Identify the category (system, application, programming tool) of the following software:
(a) Compiler (b) Assembler (c) Ubuntu (d) Text editor
Answer:-
(a) Compiler:- System Software (b) Assembler:- System Software
(c) Ubuntu:- Application software (d) Text Editor:- Programming Tool
Q.9 Convert the following into bytes:
(a) 2 MB (b) 3.7 GB (c) 1.2 TB
Answer:- (a) 2MB = ?
As kB = 1024 bytes------------------------------(i)
1MB= 1024 KB
or 1MB=1024 X 1024 Bytes
hence 2MB=10242 Bytes
=2097152 Bytes
(b) 3.7 GB = ?
As 1kB = 1024 bytes------------------------------(i)
1MB= 1024 KB
or 1MB=1024 X 1024 Bytes
1GB= 1024MB
or 1GB=1024 x 1024 X 1024 Bytes
or 1GB=10243 Bytes
Hence 3.7 GB =10243 Bytes x 3.7
= 3972844748.8 Bytes
(c) 1.2 TB = 1319413953331.2 Bytes
Do it as I did in previous two. Answer I have given.
Q.10 What is the security threats involved when we throw away electronic gadgets that are non-functional?
Answer:- Many a times, we discard our old, broken or malfunctioning storage devices without taking care to
delete data. We assume that the contents of deleted files are permanently removed. However, if these storage
devices fall into the hands of mischief-mongers, they can easily recover data from such devices; this poses a
threat to data confidentiality. This concern can be mitigated by using proper tools to delete or shred data before
disposing off any old or faulty storage device.
Q.11 Write down the type of memory needed to do the following:
(a) To store data permanently (b) To execute the program
(c) To store the instructions which cannot be overwritten.
Answer:- (a) Secondary Storage like Hard Disk Drive (HDD), SSD, Pen Drive, CD, DVD, SD Card etc.
(b) RAM – Random Access Memory
(c) ROM – Read Only Memory
