National Autonomous University of Honduras - UNAH

Teacher: Jonathan Josue Alvarez

Account number: 20182001184

Class: world music

Section: 2000

Licensed: Ever Zabala

Task: Folk rhythms of Central America

 INTRODUCTION

The following will present information about genres and cultures.

musicals from the different countries of Central America, as well as their various
musical groups, it is understood that in our beautiful lands of Central America
we have a very colorful musical culture, very surprising to admire
other countries and with much feeling, passion, and love that represents us as
Central Americans.

Due to its history, Central America is characterized by its great concentration of

population coming from all over the world, which is why its culture, and
this way your music is made up of others from all over the world generating
a great cultural diversity. The music of Central America is made up of:
salsa, cumbia, mariachis, reggae, calypso, among others. It has not only styles
musicals of their origin, but also shares popular songs from
Latin America

Central American countries have developed their own distinct ways of

these genres like Panama salsa, among others.

In recent years, music genres such as cumbia, salsa,

chachachá, merengue, and lambada have spread all over the world,
having great success in many regions such as Latin America. From this
Central American music has expanded and been introduced into others of the
world, generating new musical genres.

Among the best singers in Central America, we find:

Manuel Monestel from Costa Rica

María Pretiz from Costa Rica sings Trova music

Guardabarranco Duo from Nicaragua

Spirit Dancers from Nicaragua sing Garifuna music.

Coastal Dimension of Nicaragua

Dan Marcus I and Dan Hombre from Belize, sing reggae

Guillermo Anderson from Honduras sings Caribbean music.

Manuel Contreras from El Salvador sings new Trova

Álvaro Aguilar from Guatemala sings rock.

Rómulo Castro from Panama sings all kinds of traditional Panamanian music.

Super G from Belize sings Garifuna music

Which rhythms of Latin America are Heritage of Humanity?

Chamamé (Argentina)
Originating from the province of Corrientes, northwestern Argentina, the chamamé is
became the most recent addition to UNESCO. Listen to one of
the most recognized interpreters, the Argentine Ramona Galarza.
The song Merceditas was written by the Argentine folklorist Ramón Sixto Ríos.
during the 1940s, and it is a classic of Argentine national music.

Bachata (Dominican Republic)

In 2019, bachata, originated from the Dominican Republic, was also
declared Heritage of Humanity. The danceable musical genre is very
popular in Latin America, and is considered a derivative of bolero, merengue and
the Cuban sound.
Before the Puerto Rican singer Romeo Santos established himself as
an international artist, his musical group Aventura gained popularity with a
classic bachata: It's not love.

Reggae (Jamaica)
Reggae has been on the UNESCO list since 2018.
Originating in Jamaica during the 1960s, one of the representatives
one of the most recognized of this genre is the Jamaican Bob Marley.

Country music (Cuba, Colombia, and Venezuela)

The Cuban Punto and the Songs of the Plains of Colombia and Venezuela are the
what is considered rural music, since 2017 on the list.

Cuban rumba
The rumba, of Cuban origin, is considered the mother of several rhythms and dances.
Latinos, like salsa, and has derivations around Latin America.
Of African roots, it originated in Cuba during the 19th century and was added to the
UNESCO list in 2016. The Cuban Celia Cruz is one of the references of
Cuban tropical music, exploring various genres, including the
rumba.

Vallenato (Colombia)
Vallenato is one of the classic genres of Colombia, and it has spread to
the countries of the region. It has included the list since 2015.
The song "Obsesión" by Las Estrellas Vallenatas is an example.
representatives of this music.

Marimba (Colombia and Ecuador)

The marimba, native to Colombia and Ecuador, is also on the list since
2015. It is an instrument that consolidated an entire genre around it.
very popular musical in those countries.

Capoeira (Brazil)
Although it is not exactly a musical genre, capoeira uses
singular musical instruments, such as the berimbau to keep the rhythm of
this "Afro-Brazilian cultural practice that combines both the struggle and the
dance and what can be considered a traditional cultural expression, a sport
"or even a kind of art," explains UNESCO.
Since 2014 it is a World Heritage Site.

Pujllay (Bolivia)
The pujllay dance originates from Bolivia and is also part of the list since
2014.

Frevo (Brazil)
Frevo is a rhythm that originated in Pernambuco, a state in the northeast of Brazil, that
derives from the march and the maxixé.

It is usually danced during the carnival of that state, and in 2012 it was declared
World Heritage.

Mariachi (Mexico)
Since 2010, the iconic Mexican mariachi music has been included in the list of
heritages declared by UNESCO.
Cielito lindo is a classic of the mariachi players.

Pirekua (Mexico)
La pirekua is one of the musical genres unique to the p'urhépecha people.
from the state of Michoacán, Mexico. It has been a World Heritage Site since
2010.

Tango (Argentina and Uruguay)

Tango is one of the oldest genres on the list, since 2009. The rhythm
Rio Platense, from Argentina and Uruguay, has multiple well-known interpreters, who
they brought the genre to worldwide fame. One of the most representative is Carlos
Gardel, whose origins are disputed by both countries. By a head it is
one of its most well-known pieces.

Candombe (Uruguay)
The Uruguayan candombe was included on the list in the same year as the tango.
African roots, candombe is characterized by the use of percussion.
characteristic (its base is known as candombe key) and its link
with the typical carnival of the country. Musician Rubén Rada is a reference of
genre, as is their song Dedos.

Countries and their folkloric cultural descriptions:

El Salvador
Salvadoran folklore is the result of the blend of indigenous culture that
the Spaniards found upon their arrival in our lands and the culture that they
they were carried and then imposed on the conquered peoples, that is how
much of the indigenous culture has disappeared, but despite all the efforts
what the Spaniards did could not be erased from the entire culture of our
ancestors, in El Salvador they hid or disguised customs by
means adapting them to the customs and religious rites of Spanish culture
imposed and taught, giving rise to miscegenation. Here, folklore will be addressed
from the perspective of folkloric dance.

Honduras
The folklore in Honduras is very varied and interesting due to the elements
cultural factors that result in four major racial groups (indigenous,
Spaniards, blacks, and mestizos), each department has its own
traditions, clothing, music, and beliefs, for example:
Indigenous or Native Music: Much has been studied about Lenca music,
traditions, in addition to other indigenous groups from pre-Hispanic tribes.
Some of the pre-Hispanic musical instruments are the aerophones, the
Mud Frogs, the Z
Música Criolla "El Candú", "El Pitero", "Torito Pinto", "Flores de Mimé",
El Bananero Among the instruments created after the colony we find
to the Caracol, the Flautas, various percussion instruments, the Marimba.

Guatemala
Guatemala is a multicultural country where different ethnic groups,
most of them, descendants of the Maya civilization, have preserved some
dances with primordial elements of the originals and on the other hand have
mixed with other elements of Hispanic dances brought by the
conquistadores. The same phenomenon has happened with the other groups.
cultural syncretism.
Currently, to talk about Traditional Dances and Dancing, we need to form
lists of the Mayan dances without foreign elements such as the Dance of the
Deer or Xajoj Quej, the Dance of the Snake, the Dance of the Monkeys and the Pole
Volador and the Dance Drama Rabinal Achí or the Man of Rabinal, at the same time,
the Dances with foreign elements such as The Dance of the Conquest, from the
Coast dwellers, from the Gueguechos and others, in addition to the list of cheerful dances that
They are a mix of modern rhythms fused with classical and popular dances.
from the early 20th century onwards.

Nicaragua
Folklore is not just about clothing and dances, it also
It deals with music. The vernacular and native Nicaraguan music is one of
the richest in the Central American region, pointing to gatherers and
authors of the same such as Camilo Zapata, Erwin Krüger, Víctor M. Leiva, The
Harmonic Blades, the brothers Carlos Mejía Godoy and Luis Enrique Mejía
Godoy, Otto de la Rocha, Los de Palacagüina, Flor Urbina, among others. The
Nicaraguan original music (Son nica, polkas, and Segovian mazurkas, and the
Vernacular music in general shows a great Spanish and African influence.
In Masaya, the arched marimba is also developed, which is an instrument.
typical of Nicaragua; however, the marimba as such is known in all the
Central American countries and southern Mexico. The chicheros are small.
local bands that enliven the patron saint festivals and bullfights.
In the Caribbean region, African dances and sounds can be observed, such as the Palo de
May.

Costa Rica
In Costa Rica, each province has its regional costume and its rhythm: • San José: its
The main rhythm is the waltz, but it also uses elements from the other provinces.
It is characterized by the waltz and the tambito.
mazurkas, waltzes, and polkas. • Alajuela: waltzes and pasillos, the latter influenced by
Colombian. • Puntarenas: its rhythms are pasillo, parranderas, cumbias of
influence and bolero. • Guanacaste: It is characterized by parrandera, point,
dance, contradance, and others.

Lemon: we recognize it by the calypso and the crews.

Panama
Highlighting the folklore and the indigenous aspects of the regions of the provinces of
the beautiful city of Panama, there are typical dances. Without a doubt, the most dance
A characteristic of this country is the Tamborito.

This very well-known dance currently represented in the province of Los

Saints, like in other regions of the country, all with some touches.
different, but making the instrument resonate in all the dances.
In the province of Los Santos, the tamborito santeño is cultivated, influenced by
Spanish and in the province of Darién, the influence of the black population is noticeable.
from Africa with the bunde.

Next is the bunde in the province of Darién and in Colón. Dance

characteristic of these areas. It consists of a circle where half
it is made up of men and the other part women, they dance to the rhythm of the
drums and the singing of women, the dance begins when a man courts
the woman and they start dancing inside the circle and thus take turns with the others
couples.
It is the tamborito which, without a doubt, is the most characteristic of the Panamanian.

Another well-known dance is the Santeña cumbia and the Chorrerana cumbia,
both with different and very original executions from these areas, the same ones
they enjoy great colorfulness and very cheerful movements, where the instrument,
the tamborito is highlighted.
Other more popular representative dances include: the dance of the handsome bull,
Congo, the thorn, the point, the marjoram, the crossed and the bullerengue. The
Tamborito is danced in the province of Coclé, province of Los Santos, province
from Herrera, province of Veraguas, in the city of Panama and in the province
from Bocas del Toro.

Belize
Belize is a very small country that has a lot of history for everyone.
those who want to start investigating, so this festival is very
important for its people and especially for its artists. One of the things that
the most striking have to do with the fact that on the coasts of
In Belize, a folk festival is held in which the leading exponents of
The music of the region is presented to the audience.
The important thing is that the civilization that inhabits the area is remembered.
a few centuries and we are referring to none other than the Mayans, a
of the most important civilizations that are recorded on the ground
American before the arrival of the Spaniards. It takes place by averaging
the month of August and it has a great impact on the life of the country, because during
the event, nothing else is being talked about.
 conclusions

The diversity of Central American folk culture is the foundation of our

representation in the world.

I believe that we are the greatest creators of musical genres.

planet.

Central American musical folklore is more colorful, danceable, full of

feelings that are common in many European countries.