Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII – CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL
BALILIHAN DISTRICT
CONGRESSMAN PABLO MALASARTE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
CABAD, BALILIHAN, BOHOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD
FIRST PERIODICAL TEST

Name:___________________________________Year/Section:_________________Date:____________Score:___________

I. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer beside each number.

1. Which of the following pertains to the transmission of literary works where stories were passed down by word of
mouth?
A. gossiping B. oral tradition C. storytelling D. kudlit
2. What type of pre-colonial literature is this: "Kung walang tiyaga, walang nilaga”?
A. Proverbs B. Riddles C. Legend D. Poetry
3. Which type of pre-colonial literature is still prevalent today?
A. Kundiman B. Essay C. Proverbs D. Chant
4. What is most likely the theme of literary text during the early Spanish period?
A. Equality B. Nature C. Nationalism D. Religion and morality
5. Which literary theme is often present in pre-colonial literature?
A. Revolution B. Christian faith C. Nature D. Oppression
6. Which among the ancient literary titles is an example of myth?
A. Biag ni Lam-ang C. How the Moon and the Stars Came to Be
B. Ibalon D. The Prowess of Aliguyon
7. What discusses occurrence on the earth and how things on earth were created?
A. Myth B. Legend C. Fable D. Epic
8. Which colonial power first introduced the Roman alphabet to the Philippines, replacing baybayin in mainstream
use?
A. Americans B. Japanese C. Spanish D. Chinese
9. Which of the following is NOT true about the pre-colonial literature of the Philippines?
A. Precolonial literature includes folktales, mythology, and epics.
B. Precolonial literature includes dramas and novels.
C. Precolonial literature includes chants, proverbs, and songs.
D. Precolonial literature includes literature passed from generation to generation through a word of mouth.
10. Which of the following is NOT true about Legends?
A. Legends were passed down orally from one generation to another and saw print only in ethnographic studies of
different cultural groups.
B. Legends contain the elements of a narrative, namely the setting (time and place); characters (protagonist and
antagonist); and plot (conflict and resolution of the conflict.
C. Legend contains words of wisdom that are handed down from one generation to another.
D. Legends highlight cause-effect relationships to show how and why things come to be.
11. Which of the following is NOT true during the Spanish Colonial Period?
A. The education system was introduced.
B. Focused on religion and values which became instruments in spreading Christianity and which became
instruments in Spanish- oriented culture.
C. Drama like Karagatan, Pamamanhikan, Senakulo etc. was common literary forms during this period
D. It brought up liberal ideas and a sense of internationalism to the Philippines.
12. Compare pre-colonial and colonial Philippine literature. Which statement best describes the shift?
A. From written to oral tradition
B. From religious to secular themes
C. From oral epics and chants to religious and didactic writings
D. From multilingual to monolingual traditions
13. Which Boholano poet (later a Philippine president) was dubbed the “Prince of Visayan Poets”?
A. Jose Garcia Villa B. Carlos P. Garcia C. Simeon Dumdum Jr. D. Alejandro Abadilla
14. Who wrote the poem “Ang Dalagang Pilipinhon”?
A. Jose Garcia Villa B. Carlos P. Garcia C. Simeon Dumdum Jr. D. Alejandro Abadilla
15. “Footnote to Youth” is a story about love and early marriages that is written by:________.
A. Jose Garcia Villa B. Carlos P. Garcia C. Simeon Dumdum Jr. D. Alejandro Abadilla
16. Which Panay literary work recounts the adventure of three brother?
A. Hinilawod B. Ibalong C. Darangen D. Ulalim
17. Which literary form of verses that depicts a mythic hero with extraordinary strength, adventure, and heroism?
A. Legend B. Myth C. Fairy tale D. Epic
18. Why are many precolonial Philippine masterpieces “authorless” today (e.g., Hudhud, Darangen)?
A. Authors hid their names to avoid censorship
B. Works were collaborative, oral, and communal in transmission
C. Colonial writers erased author names
D. Early printing presses refused to publish names
19. Which statement best explains multilingualism in contemporary Philippine literature?
A. English replaced regional languages
B. Writers alternate among Filipino, English, and regional tongues to reach varied audiences
C. Only regional languages are used in serious literature
D. Multilingualism is discouraged by institutions
20. Marjorie Evasco (from Maribojoc, Bohol) is known for poetry in English and Binisaya. Which of her award-winning
collections foregrounds women’s voices and origins?
A. Morga’s Sucesos
B. Dreamweavers: Selected Poems
C. Mga Agos sa Disyerto
D. Bone Talk
21. Which question is most appropriate to elicit first-hand memories about Carlos P. Garcia as poet-orator in Bohol?
A. “Can you recite Florante at Laura?”
B. “What did you personally witness about Garcia’s public readings or poems?”
C. “Why are Visayan poems superior to Tagalog poems?”
D. “Do you prefer English or Filipino literature?”
22. Which is the definition that describes literature as a creative written work?
A. Literature is anything written and published.
B. Literature is limited to written materials that gain artistic merit for aesthetic purposes.
C. Literature is written solely to inform and persuade.
D. Works of literature are writings in prose or verse, especially those having excellence of form or expression and
expressing ideas of universal interest.
23. You will interview elders about the making of the Bohol provincial anthem. Which source best orients you?
A. A random music blog C. A general history textbook
B. A credible reference noting Justino Romea’s authorship D. A viral TikTok summary
24. Which option best connects geography, language, and identity across regions?
A. Darangen (Maranao, Mindanao) preserves epic law and values; Hudhud (Ifugao, Cordillera) encodes agricultural
lifeways; Awit sa Bohol (Bohol) affirms provincial identity—each in its community’s language**
B. Darangen and Hudhud are both Tagalog texts, while Awit sa Bohol is in English only
C. All are Spanish-language texts from the colonial period
D. None link to place or language in any meaningful way
25. Which of the following is an example of a 21st-century literary genre?
A. Epic B. Digital Fiction C. Awit and Korido D. Sonnet
26. Which of the following refers to the 21stliterary form whose genre focused on a story based on truth, an accurate
retelling of the author's life experience?
A. Creative Nonfiction B. Fiction C. Creative Fiction D. Biography
27. Which form of literature relies on the use of imagery, symbolism, figures of speech, and sound and rhythm of
speech in expressing one's feelings, ideas, and beliefs?
A. Poetry B. Prose C. Non-fiction D. Fiction
28. Which 21st-century literary genre addresses issues concerning woman that is often depicted in a humorous or
lighthearted manner?
A. Text Tula B. Hyper poetry C. Chick Lit D. Flash Fiction
29. Why are Wattpad novels considered part of 21st-century genres?
A. They are only written in Spanish
B. They rely on digital platforms, youth audiences, and serialized publication
C. They are strictly oral
D. They are always translated into comics
30. Which of the following is short for weblog and is a personal account of a memorable experience posted online by
the writer?
A. Facebook B. VLOG C. Twitter D. BLOG
31. What is the most recent literary text done in the Philippines mastered by Frank Rivera?
A. Doodle Fiction B. DIGI-fiction C. TEXTULA D. Flash Fiction
32. Imagine you are to design a 21st-century adaptation of the epic Hinilawod. Which format best captures both
tradition and modern innovation?
A. A radio drama only
B. A Wattpad serialization with audio-visual spoken word elements
C. A hand-written copy passed in class
D. A Spanish zarzuela script
33. Which of the following best illustrates how intertextuality is used in 21st century literature?
A. A poem that describes a personal childhood experience
B. A short story that references characters from another well-known novel
C. A narrative written in a linear, chronological order
D. A text that focuses only on the author’s own perspective
34. When analyzing 21st century digital literature, which element should be examined to understand its interactive
nature?
A. The spelling and grammar of the text
B. The use of hyperlinks, multimedia, and reader participation
C. The number of chapters or sections
D. The time when the text was published
35. What is the repetition of initial consonant sounds in poetry called?
A. Rhyme B. Alliteration C. Assonance D. Metaphor
36. Which element refers to the central idea or underlying message of a story?
A. Plot B. Theme C. Setting D. Conflict
37. Which term describes the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poem?
A. Rhythm B. Stanza C. Symbol D. Rhyme scheme
38. In a short story, which element refers to the time and place of the action?
A. Characterization B. Setting C. Tone D. Point of view
39. You are tasked to create a blog reviewing a contemporary Filipino novel. Which approach best applies your
knowledge of 21st century literature?
A. Summarizing the novel without giving insights
B. Copying online reviews to fill the blog
C. Relating the novel’s themes to current social issues in the Philippines
D. Listing only the names of the characters and setting
40. A teacher asks you to present slam poetry in class. Which is the best way to apply your learning about
performance literature?
A. Read a poem silently to yourself
B. Recite a classic poem in a monotone voice
C. Perform an original poem with emotion, rhythm, and gestures
D. Write a poem but never share it with the class
41. What refers to a part in a short story or novel wherein the conflict reaches its highest point of interest or
suspense?
A. Exposition B. Denouement C. Climax D. Plot
42. A critic says a story’s ending is “weak because it resolves conflicts too suddenly.” Which element is being judged?
A. Setting B. Resolution/plot structure C. Theme D. Symbolism
43. Which statement shows the best evaluation of a poem’s effectiveness?
A. “I like the poem because it’s short.”
B. “The poem’s use of imagery and rhythm successfully conveys the theme of resilience.”
C. “The poet wrote in English, so it’s better.”
D. “This poem is hard to memorize.”
44. Which evaluation shows a critical stance on context and meaning?
A. “Every story can only be read literally.”
B. “A text becomes richer when readers examine historical, cultural, and social backgrounds beyond the words.”
C. “Readers should avoid thinking about context.”
D. “Only modern contexts matter.”
45. Which is the best evaluation of how costumes affect drama?
A. Costumes are unimportant
B. Costumes can effectively convey character roles, period, and social status, enriching audience understanding
C. Costumes only make actors look appealing
D. Costumes replace dialogue completely
46. Which element involves the written lines spoken by actors?
A. Setting B. Dialogue C. Stage direction D. Theme
47. A student acts out a scene where lighting dims to signal a ghost’s entrance. Which element of drama is
highlighted?
A. Theme B. Spectacle C. Exposition D. Resolution
48. While reading a play, you identify the rising action. Which skill are you applying?
A. Memorization of terms B. Application of plot structure analysis
B. Stage direction writing D. Costume design