---

I
' 10 -· ·-•-·-

ICHAPTER - 61

. .
KEYS AND . PINS
l , • ,

• •t. , • w
•, ,,

Symbols _: with S.I. Uni~

T Torque transmitted by the s~~' N-mm_. ',.' ·.,

F Tangential force. acting on the shaft,' N • • '/ •
Diameter of the shaft •mm ;· ,'_ ., ~ ~.' ,' t' f

'
- Length of sunk )tey, mm· ,
Width of sunk key, ~

·Thickness. of sunk-key,' mm
' ' 2
Shear stress for the key material, .NVmm • _• .
., ' • ~ ,i • ' ' 4, ' • •~.
\

2
Ci:ushing stress for thei key . N/~ •.
. materi~,
'
••••••

• I '

DESIGN PARTICULARS . EQUATIONS

P te proportions _of sunk key, • w ~ d .... (6.1)
4.
2 d .... (6.2)
t.=3W=6

l:::; 1,6 d .... (6.3)

· d l ~ -t · a · -d
I
=
•

orque transmitted by the sunk key T = l · w : 't , ·-

2 • ,2 ,. -~ 2 .... (6.4)
. I ' 1 , , \

tionship between the .width and :.. w , Ge .... (6.5)

~=::~as of sunk key T; :- 2 't
6.2

Standar d type of keys:

TAPER 1!100

X >!
I

Width of key,_w •. 0.21? _d + 2 mm·.

Nominal thickness ,.T = 0.66 ~ ·-·,
Standard taper,:--- 1:100
Fig. 6.1 : Sunk Taper Key

I "" ..- .. I •
► ., • : :
- . .. .. - .,
~
.... J.., t

;
.,. -~.- - .., I
..... __ ....
TAPER 1:100- ...
.. _....... X ~>!

, ...
'. J
.
.. : • • : •1 ·,• ., f'
·• ··)
'- 1'1.T •• • alith"
.11,om.in 1ck ness, t = 0.33·.w.
· ' , . ,.~. - ,_....,.· • ••• , f. ' •

'
Standard taper = 1 :· 100 . ·- •·· ,, ,:: •
l;lg~ 8~2! 'Hollow Saadle. ··Key
I
1
5 AND PINS 6.3

X >!
I

.
X~I
' ,.

SECTION XX
I '

. of key= 0.25 d + 2 mm
• Width
. . ' ,'

. . 0.33
Nominal Thickness·_ . ..,
w • •' - .,• ~,. ~ \_. , •

Standard Taper= 1 :'100 • -'\: - ·, •

1
Fig. 6.3:
, r '.'I,,. ,,
Flii ·Saddle Key·
I '''f: ,' ,· '• ••

\', •t a , I n I

.. .' . , .. >E•-->~,. i ·- .
~ I • ' , ••

' I I

' SEClJON~
..
..
I•
-\.
I
~

Width of key ;= 0.26 cl+ 2 ~ • ~ - 1·.: , • Height of. Gib-head = 1.75 t

' : · • u-l ~ A' •' , • , ~ •

Nominal Thickness=0.66w;~ - ,· ~··.,,,rv:<··.r. ~·Width.of Gib-head= 1.5 t 1

. . ' I

Standard Taper = ~ : 100 : ... ,j , • '. ,:, 1 ; ••• '· ,· , ·.' ;·.,. .,
~ . .•

• •,> . Fig•.&.4: Gib.~ head key· .

 6.4

• I'
I

x·--,,.>lI
__________ ,
I
--1 --- ·-- --- · ' ---
'
I
I
x-- 7> i

Wid th. of key - ·- 0.25 d ·+ 2 mm

No min al thic kne ss - 0.66 w
Fig. 6.5: Feather or Parallel Key

I •
x-- >:I

;' I I

' \
' .
'/
I•

Wi dth ·of key - 0.25 d + 2 nun

',1 •.
,. I
•• Thi ckn ess of Peg - = , . ,0.(, t
No min al thic kne ss v • • --O.66'-w.
/'
• •\Fig., 6.6: .P.eg 1.Key
. ,
~ I

fi/· it• •JJIJ' ...1, I" -<

"j .,, §' ~- ~ :c·
11 ,
I ,,l,....~.
g
l 1 ~! -4 04<D' I

!"JI fJ 0
• i C

. , 1• if Q / I I J1 I I I 0
'•j .!,
C ,,i i S. --f
;? g i~ j~
E a> 2 ~ g
go .9: :y g: ,
I; ti !!L : '1 !I m
':r::r
a,u , en ., c ft :r n
Q! !! ~ :1 3) !3 o~
fl '1t0 1- O
·a,..~ Ill f
.J 6 ~-
I ,-u ..
z
fg -
CD
A> CD
~
ii>g,
~
n.:,
a
--
3
~
9-<
- -
"C/ <·
'<
-

6.5

,,

',

'I
• I
i1: '·' /, '
"
.
/ ,. . Width of key, w - 0.25 d .
~ •• I \ f 1 ' , • •
I .. • .,. f,, ;

..
I I

Diameter of key, d' = 4 w . ,y ~/ • ,, ', '• 1 ' , < • : .,

Height of ke y,~ = 1.75 w ,· ,..

I I

•
.. f • , ~ •
I
I,

. Fig. &.7: Woodruff Key ' '

--
/
j': • I ,•'f"',
'
~ .
-·, -- ·-
,

; •. '
,· '

t, ',

• I

·· x ~ ------ -,
I
•I' • •

SECTION XX.

•.n 'J :nL: •/

. Diameter of pin, d' • ::; 0:2 d ·\
 6.6

"""","W'
• \ v.J JJJ ,.~I JIIIA

x~\
I
I

Width of key = 0.25 d + 2 mm Height of th e he ad = 1.75

. t. • ,,
.Nominal thi ck ne ss= 0.66 w : Width of the he ad = 1.5 t
• .- •..
Fig. 6.9: Single Head Key
Doubl~ Bead Key

' .'
' . .
x-➔-
)

..
•,
. ...,,..
I

•
•

I
I
~
•
.
. I
. :""
; !

-· -- ·- -
• '
i
I
x~

Width of key = 0.21$ d + 2 mm

f .... .. •.· '1 '•,, t H~igh~ of ~he he ad = 1.75 t
Nominal thickness'= 0.66 w
~· • i , • '· Width of the head = 1.5 t
Fig .. 6.10~· Double Head Ke
y
.,

l
 -·

6.7

r •
• ...
,: •S , I • ,

Fig. 6.11.; p~ne. ~ef:.) •.,

'
,.

x~ • I '- !
I
I
I

I
I
, I '

x~ ... 1 • ~

r '
I
J
.. \. '
I
,,I
I

'..I' \
' .~
I
1-· •, l

Width,·of·~~~h spline,
I.

', ' ' . i~ r.o:isn?.O -· \'/t_{ ~t)~

'.J

) . Major; diameteri_'of spline key, :D. 1;:.·l,26d.i1.::>>.d

(:.. Flgf 6.12!.: Spllne ~ sba~ :• ~~ •
- ' ·~, r: ....
,'· ,,.
 a,
Table 6.1: Dimensions of Parallel Keys and Keyways QI

b All dimensions in millimetres

CHAMFER OR RADIUS KEYWAY RADIUS ~-----L---.

_-_-_-_-_-_~'""
OF KEY IN SHAFT AND HUB'

For shaft Above 6 8 10 12 17 22 30 38 44 50 58 65 75 85 95 110 130 150 170 200 230 260 290 330 380 440
diameters Up to 8 10 12 17 22 30 38 44 50 58 65 75 85 95 110 130 150 170 200 230 260 290 330 380 440 500
Key cross Width b 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32 36 40 46 50 56 63 70 80 90 100
section Height h 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 9 10 11 12 14 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32 32 36 40 45 50
Keyway inSlSft;,tl 1.2 1.8 2.5 3 3.5 4 5 5 • 6.5 6 7 7.5 8.5 9 10 11 12 13 15 17 19 20 22- 25 28 31
depth
(nominal) in hub, t:z 1 1.41.8 2.3 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.4 4.9 5.9 5.4 6.4 7.4 8.4 9.4 10.411.413.412.414.415.417.419.5

Tolerance on t1 +0.1 +0.2 +0.3

keyway depth
½ +0.1 +0.2 +0.3
Chamfer or ri Max 0.25 0.35 0.65 0.80 1.30 2.00 2.95
radius of key
Min 0.16 0.25 0.40 0.60 1.00 1.60 2.50
Key way l'2 Max 0.16 0.25 0.40 0.60 1.00 1.60 2.50
radiua
90 100 110 125 140 160180 200 220250 280

?-.
m
~
:J>
z
0
""O
zCJ>

. '".•·! .... ~
'! ;: ' f ~ ••

t t!.......:
+~-+------------+-

- -- . ,
••
.•,
•
t .;
I

-~ I.;
X
Table 6.2: Gib-Bead Keya and Keyway•
,, , , , , ., _,, . ,, ..., ,,, •J'. #'
,,, ,
• .(All
.... -
·.
.
cllmenalona
. . .. in mUHmeten) . •
.
..1/.'.Rangi'
,.. ,"~~~.,.:'
,";/''/.,V-;~ ,, . . .. Keyways
)~ ... ·. -~-~ • .,_,,,, , .y
: • · -·shaft t>ia : •:- ·- .:. :• _:·, ,,'"."' , ' . . ..' ,·. ' ' Toi
'
on r
Range of Key
Length
d •-<: ,. • ·bxb: t Toi on Toi on
..
h1 b ,.
. b . 1
. ..
a

t1
¼ ¼-
Above Upto. ' ..... -'' '· ' ' D 10 - min max min max
J
•,

10 12 •.• ·,·4 x·4 • • ' . 7 ·4 2.5 1.2 0.08 0.16 14 45

12 17 . 5x5 8 5 +0.078 3.0 +0.1 1.7 +0.1 0.16 0.25 · 14 56
17 22 6x6 10 6 +0.030 3.5 0 2.2 0 0.16 0.25 16 70
22 30 8x7 11 ·s + 0.098 4.0 2.4·, 0.16 0.25 20 90 CJ)
U)
 Range of ·- ------ • -- --.• ---- - --- -
I
Shaft Dia
Key
-•-~----- . ·----'--- --r- .. -- - .. __Keyways -·
. . . f
,.,_ ._, ____ - - - - - - - - Rapge of Key
• ....0
!" -

·d Tol on r Length
bxh ' h1 Tol on Tol on
b b < t1- • •'½ '
Above Upto ,. ~. 't1 'ti
' D ~O '.• -· . min max min max
'30,,. 38 1 , 10x8 12 10 .. t0,040 i
'' 9.0 '. ; : l 2.4 0.25 0.40 25 110
38 44 12 X 8 12 12 5.0 2.4 32·
' 0.25 , 0.40 140
44 50 ••• 14x9 14 14 +0.120 5.5
:'
2.9 ' 0.25 0.40 40'
~
160
50 ° 58 ''.'16 X 10 : 16 16 + 0.050 6.0 +0.2 3.4 ' +'0.2 0.25 0.40 45 180
58 e 65 rl18 X 11 I
18 :18'; ~ ;.• 7.0 0 3.4 0 0.25 0.40 50 200
65 75 20>.<;12 ,• 20
. .i.·85'•,; 22 x-14·
2~ 7.5 3.9 0.40 0.60 56 220 I ': l ..
75 ~2 22 + 0.149 9.0 4.4 0.40 0.60 63 I 250 \
·•s5· 95· 25x 14 I•'., 22 25 - -; + 0.065 9.0 ' 4.4 0.40 0.60 70 \ 280 \
'
95 110 2Bx 16 ,·· 25 2~ , 10.0 5.4 0.40 0.60 80 \ 320 \
'
_: _llQ ~ ::1.30
·- 130· .
150 -36 X 20
32 X 18· 28
32
32
' 36 • + 0.180 12.0
11.0 6.4
7.1
0.40
0.70
0.60
1.00
90 I 360 \
100 \ 400 \
150 170 40x 22 -36 40 + 0.080 . 13.0- 8.1 0.70 1.00 110 \ 400 \
170 200 45x25 40 45-._.-. ~.: . . . . ' ... • 15.0 • . 9.1 0.70 1.00 .
125 I 400 \
.

200 230 50x28 45 50 .. 17.0 10.1 0.70 1.00 140 400

230 260 56x32 50 56 20.0 11.1 1.20 1.60 - -
260 290 63 x32 50 63 + 0.220 20.0 + 0.3 11.1 +0.3 1.20 1.60 - -
290 330 70x36 56 70 • ·+ 6'.ioo 22.0 O.· 13.1 .' 0 . 1.20 1.60 - ~
-
330 380 80x40
- .. 14.1. 2.50 - -
63 80 25.0 2.00
380 440 90x45 70 90 + 0.260 28.0 16.1 2.00 2.50 - -
440 500 100x50 ·, 80, ,.,100 +0.120 31.0··, 18.1 2.00 2.50 - -

~ KEYWAY IN SHAFT
KEYWAYINHUB
' •. . ASSEMBLY,

:- «:BAIICT_,.1,1DtOIITID~- . ,

., fE ~ •. ·j:: •• -■
1

..., • f='/4

~ DY . : ... ,. . .. ..
•• 1'"'(
,... .. • ~.... • • , · ~- • ; 4 ... • .,....

..', . _... · Table -U: Taper Keya· and Keywap. --~ •• ~- . · , :. , . · .• ••

, - ... .
.. ....-... '
•· • • ~., . , (AD Diaenalona in mm) .. • ·. •- · . ·-. . . '
... - . .-
•

...
Shaft Diameter, a
·-'. . . .
...
--· . Key • Keyway in Shaft and Hub-
. Lenath·
. - ., . Chamfer Keyway Depth .. Depth -
., ' .• :tJpt.o
.-.~r
:·., Croes :
' or width in Toi. on Toi. on
-Radiua
.
., ,Section .. .. shaft in hub r2
Above - ., ·& '~ Radiua b - Min. Mu.
Width,. Height r (Min)
,. y. . .. ..
..
'.•# Including ... • t1
-, -· ..
(D 10) .
·• t1 ., ~- ' .• - ~-- ·-Mu.
~ ~! b (h9) b 1 '
'

r - .. --
~\oj 6 -·
..

I-
l?,-~
--
..
- 8-' ,, -
~
~

.. 2 ·2 : : 0.16 2 1.2 +0.05 0.5 . 0.16 6 20

,, ·:•· 8 ~
:,-.)
' ' '
.. 10·.
- ' 8.
l •,
.. 8 t'
'·
'
;
s· 1.8
' I
0.9 8 36
,

-
10 '
12 -. 4 . 4
, ,·;
4 2.5 1.2 10 45 ..·

12 ., . .' 17 1. :
,, •> 5 .. 5 0.25 ,·
,

5
"
s.o 1.7 • :+ 0.10 0.25 12 56
. '
17 22 6 6 ..
- .
•'
·6 3.5 " '• 2.1 ' 16 70

22 30 8 7 I
8 4.0 +0.1 2.5 20 90
.. -
.. - 8
'

1() 5.0 2.5 . 25 110

30 38 10 •;•_·
....
!'>
....
 --- - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Shaft Diameter, d
-

Cross
--
Key
--
Keyway in Shaft and Hub
Chamfer Keyway Depth
Length -
!'>
N

Upto or width in Depth Radius

Toi. on
Above &
Section
Radius b shaft in hub Toi. on r2
Min. Max.
Including Width, Height . (M" )
b (h9) h r1 m (D 10) t1 t1 ¼ ¼ Max.
38 44 12 8 12 5.0 2.5 32 140
41,, 50 - 14
<• 9:, , 0.40 14 5.5 2.9 40 160
50 58 16 10 16 6.0 3.4 45 180
58 65 18 11 18 7.0 3.4 50 200
65 75 20 12 20 7.5 3.8 56 220
75 85 22 14 22 8.5 3.8 63 250
85 95 25 14 0.60 25 9.0 4.3 +0.2 0.60 70 280
95 110 28 16 28 10.0 5.3 80 315
110 130 32 18 32 11.0 6.2 90 355
130 150 36 36 12.0 7.2 100 400
150 170 40 1.00 40 13.0 +0.15 8.2 1.00 110 400
170 45 45 15.0 9.2 125 400
200
. 50 50 17.0 10.1 140 400
230 56 19.0
260 1.6 1.60
- 290

Ill
,. Table 8.4: Dimensions and Tolerances of Keys (Woodruff) (All dimensions in millimRtres)
= 8 X 45°

Toi on D s
, •b •- , ,;Toi on b • Toi on h1
: bg · ;;.;, h1 ·- hll' ~ D h12 Min Max
4.0 0 0.16 0.25
7.0 0.16 0.26
2. 7.0 0.16 0.26
2.0 8. 10.0 0 0.16 0.26
0 -0.150
2.5 8.7 10.0 0.16 0.26
~8.0 .- 5.0
-0.075
18.0 0.15 0.25 •
3.0 -i 6.5 16.0 0 0.18 0.25
•.. 4.0· 6.5 16.0 -0.180 0.25 0.40
4.0 7.5 19.0 0 0.25 0.40
~J~j •..•
\,

.. ·, - 6.5 - · 16.0 0.25 0.40

,1ij.0 ►~'- 0 .•'
.. · --0.030 _
. _.,.. '. 0 •.
-0.090 t·
r --
,_ :- ... • - 22.0 0.40
5.0 •
~

. --.-- 9.0
.' - : _. : .:~ !•
_,
·-

.,

0 J 0 ,
...
13.0 ' 32.0' 0 0.40. 0.60
--0.036. . .. --0.110.
• A closer tolerance may be adopted subject to agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.
 ruff)
Table U: Dimenaiona and Toleraacea of Keyway• (Wood
.,. ,. · • ~ • ; All dimenalona in milllmP-trea.

d'
_____ __,...J__._ _____ __ _
I
i

• I R ••45°

": t J • ') .:

SECTIO N AA OETAIL Z

Depth R
Width
', : I : ' • ., •
Toleran ce on b Toi
Key Toi
b • Norma l . Fit Close Fit ½ on Max Min
- ,:bx h 1 xD ~ t1 on
Nom
Hub Shaft & Hub t1 ½
Shaft

-
N9 Js9 P9
1.0 0.16
1.0 X 1.4 X 4.0 1.0
l.5x2. 6x 7.0 2.0
+0.1
0.16 I BI
0.16 •
IB I
---
..
2.0x2 .6x 7.0 • 1.8 O·

- . 2.0 X ~.7 X 10.~

..;-2.9 .• . 0.16 ..

7'.
: m
. Depth -<.
(/)
)>
Tolerance on b Tol z
Key ' ' Tol 0
~ fx h1 x·D: •-• .b - Normal Fit Close Fit t1 on ½ on Max Min '1)

Nom t1 . , ¼ zC/)
Shaft. .Hub Shaft & Hub , J '.
N9~.:. .. Js,f(. P9 :,.
." \ ;

5.0 1.8 0.25 0.16

4.0 x 6.5 x16.0 ·4.0 ~- ., .

0.16
4.'0..><'7;Sb(...J.9.0 .
4.~.,
~ . ,_ - -•!-- .;·~ - . .. .. ... ~
6.(),
,· ,I
... - .
1.8
. ..
0.25

• 0.25 0.16
4.5 2.3
0.16
~ ,
,,
.

0.40 0.25

0.40 0.25

.
.•.. , .

•,,.•!.. •·:-:,·
. . . .. .~·:,.:-• •
.. •-.. •..,•••:" -~• ;,.,,~1.:,.r:
..,:, '•!~-·
,j,'...,:•. ,;,.,~.;- •.,•'•! ..;-..•;• ._.,.,......... ;_ .,,_,...... ,·· .- '.~,·,-:

'
 Table 6.6: Relationship of Shaft Diameter to Key Size (Woodruff)
All dimensions in millimetres.

Shaft Diameter d Key Size

Series 1 Series 2
Over Including Over Including bx h1xD
3 4 3 4 1.0x 1.4 x4.0
4 5 4 6 1.6 X 2.6 X 7 .0
5 6 6 8 2.0x2.6x 7.0
6 7 8 10 2.0 X 3.7 X 10.0
7 8 10 12 2.6 X 3.7 X 10.0
B 10 12 15 3.0 X 5.0 X 13.0
10 12 15 18 3.0 X 6.5 X 16.0
12 14 18 20 4.0 X 6.5 X 16.0
14 16 20 22 4.0 X 7.5 X 19.0
16 18 22 25 5.0 X 6.5 X 16.0
1B 20 25 28 5.0 X 7.5 X 19.0
20 22 28 32 5.0 X 9.0 X 22.0
22 25 32 36 6.0 X 9.0 X 22.0
25 28 .36 40 . 6.0 X 10.0 X 25.0
28 - 8.0 X 11.0 X 28.0

-,.::.
m
-<.
(./)
All dimensions in millimetres. ')>
z
0
"'0
zCJ)

- 9 •

; ;". -. .
Nominal Size _No. of Minor . M,vor Width .di.
NxdxD splipea Dia Dia' ·B
.e ..
Mu
r Mu
B k
mu
r
Max
Centering
On
N d ·D
Min
J '
.:Llaht l>uty ·Sert•
6x23x26 6 .23 .26 -6 • 22:1 1.25 : 3.54 · 0.3 0.3 0.2
6- 30 6 24.6 1.84 3.85 0.3 0.3 0.2 Inside• •
6. X 26 X 30 26
diameter
6 2s· 32 7 26.7 • 1.77 4.03 • 0.3 0.3 0.2
6 X 28 X 32 9)
....
"""