25 MCQs – Physical Technology Evaluation (Oil &
Gas Exploration)
1. Which of the following provides a time-lapse view of reservoir changes?
a) 2D seismic
b) 3D seismic
c) 4D seismic ■
d) Gravity survey
2. Gravity and magnetic surveys are primarily used for:
a) Well control
b) Basin-scale mapping ■
c) Reservoir saturation analysis
d) Drilling fluid evaluation
3. Which logging method provides real-time data while drilling?
a) Wireline logging
b) Coring
c) LWD (Logging While Drilling) ■
d) Sidewall sampling
4. The main limitation of 2D seismic compared to 3D seismic is:
a) Higher cost
b) Lower data resolution ■
c) Higher environmental risk
d) Longer acquisition time
5. Resistivity logs are most useful for:
a) Identifying lithology
b) Measuring hydrocarbon saturation ■
c) Measuring borehole diameter
d) Cement bond evaluation
6. UAVs (drones) in exploration are mainly used for:
a) Offshore seismic
b) Surface monitoring and surveys ■
c) Downhole imaging
d) Well completion
7. Which is NOT a function of remote sensing in exploration?
a) Detecting surface anomalies
b) Identifying seepages
c) Controlling well pressure ■
d) Gravity mapping
8. A key environmental concern in marine seismic surveys is:
a) Airgun noise affecting marine life ■
b) Oil leakage
c) Gas flaring
d) Cementing failures
9. What is the main advantage of 4D seismic for production monitoring?
a) Cheaper than 2D
b) Monitors fluid movement in reservoirs ■
c) Requires fewer sensors
d) Eliminates the need for well logs
10. Wireline logging is typically carried out:
a) Before drilling
b) After drilling but before casing ■
c) During cementing
d) After production starts
11. Which drilling technique allows access to multiple reservoirs from one well?
a) Vertical drilling
b) Horizontal/directional drilling ■
c) Rotary drilling
d) Cable tool drilling
12. The main evaluation parameter for drill bits is:
a) Rate of Penetration (ROP) ■
b) Hole inclination
c) Cement bond strength
d) Seismic resolution
13. PDC bits are commonly used because they:
a) Are cheaper than roller cone bits
b) Offer higher durability and efficiency in hard formations ■
c) Require no cooling fluids
d) Are reusable in multiple wells
14. A rotary steerable system is used in drilling for:
a) Cementing
b) Directional control ■
c) Increasing mud weight
d) BOP testing
15. Which drilling fluid is most environmentally friendly?
a) Oil-based mud (OBM)
b) Synthetic-based mud (SBM)
c) Water-based mud (WBM) ■
d) Brine
16. The main function of drilling mud is to:
a) Enhance seismic resolution
b) Carry cuttings to the surface ■
c) Prevent corrosion
d) Increase bit weight
17. Which of the following is NOT a property evaluated in drilling fluids?
a) Rheology
b) Filtration
c) pH control
d) Porosity ■
18. Blowout Preventers (BOPs) are designed to:
a) Improve drilling speed
b) Prevent uncontrolled flow of fluids ■
c) Increase wellbore stability
d) Enhance seismic data quality
19. Well integrity is primarily ensured by:
a) Seismic surveys
b) Casing and cementing ■
c) UAV monitoring
d) Remote sensing
20. Poor cement bonding can result in:
a) Higher ROP
b) Zonal isolation failure ■
c) Improved reservoir imaging
d) Lower mud weight
21. Which drilling fluid type performs best in high pressure, high temperature (HPHT) wells?
a) Water-based mud
b) Oil-based mud ■
c) Brine
d) Foam
22. The Deepwater Horizon disaster was primarily linked to failure of:
a) Rotary steerable system
b) Blowout Preventer (BOP) ■
c) Seismic survey
d) Mud rheology
23. Which technology provides real-time geosteering capabilities?
a) Wireline logging
b) LWD/MWD ■
c) Gravity survey
d) UAV imaging
24. A cost-benefit analysis of drilling technologies generally considers:
a) Only tool life
b) Rig time and efficiency ■
c) Only environmental impact
d) Only mud costs
25. Which emerging technology helps simulate well and reservoir conditions digitally?
a) Gravity survey
b) Digital twins ■
c) Roller cone bits
d) UAVs
