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Image Processing

The document discusses various aspects of image processing, including numerical and non-numerical data handling, digital image enhancement, and the importance of high-frequency transmission for quality. It covers topics such as segmentation, deconvolution, and the use of sensors like CCD in capturing images. Additionally, it highlights the significance of image quality and the effects of different processing techniques on visual representation.

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lachikchuda82
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6 views114 pages

Image Processing

The document discusses various aspects of image processing, including numerical and non-numerical data handling, digital image enhancement, and the importance of high-frequency transmission for quality. It covers topics such as segmentation, deconvolution, and the use of sensors like CCD in capturing images. Additionally, it highlights the significance of image quality and the effects of different processing techniques on visual representation.

Uploaded by

lachikchuda82
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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a ig) o mage Processing & Paddexn Recopn & Poddoxn Recents ia < meee? (Digitol) al Ht Fox numenical dal «hea di pElonasing = —combutex fs moxe ee ae HE Fox non-numexte, tee the bith mee the. heaxdifteal]t olellfpence touk hlact. poe viauol Lndoamaktion ahéch we saPhoe [om society ean envixonmamt. ae | prage Computex t (one endl) athen smd) I T, ‘i Sih e ont 5 = i Ce ’. oo Bains BD/CT scan \ Fy) > iden oye] T= tte, JG): xEX, TGEFI X 3 polnt set | Fo amplitude set MBSE Ces) faa. baed 5 Digi Advantages digital, :— Optical 9 (oqo Jens es) tt @ Precisfon'= _ t Electatcal-a op te 92 Tvs) __No 94 degradation Ly nd. My) Lie n digital in a tai oe Gt {enti © Flexthi. Liye i ee Dozens gf vaxtetions 1 : ERE, possi @ ganas, contrast) a Scanned with CamScanner ——at Laila tins —bamd aid, bjeclive _ -paxcebiion ii). Paocsaaing of image dad \ (amd. sepreseldta: a2 Amp! vit qaardi q Digital, Image mr brovememt« { btelaxtall information 4 fox. i (Up) es a tiamamiasion_needs high teequency & io Ubon iy rE Bi cimmesnl exception, _— a ee tea ac Shamsnnisston, dies ans = 3 ll ea fan ag b btn. 1") Tienslalin Batalins Selig Ly Dinexedige aad. xchreneadadion (Gow -Revell) mid ~ ah) Procenstimg ( [BEY Analysts high a Teneine—| Hie | = = i Sceme Combressko| Tilinahin 1 Dit — Se Fs —— —[Seqrentation |, fae f—lEencrned = Reskoratin K if fF EET ches make Dercribtion d Se elalien E \ [pet oralyes ft Scanned with CamScanner Bie. few Enhancement dent WO need 4o undexatamd the natuxe Le i 3 need, Xo uw the Deletion > wl budding (Olea feo) Chhexesy “sont igh deg radoion, t | 6 Ps Somme babi ee J deconvolution is xestoxatton. q Seq mentation» SE Hobie fn sot —— Se J 34 4 0 + + oo eo None pixel 7 lI we =P o)__¥ (1) . (o,N~t) 7] S [ {Gye eho) 4G) > Stine |e xn malniz Lobfnstja) ees {itty} z ; MoM 1 + Vong ASG 5a, Pb) are REA SE A ss = Dinerebigalion tmx Ry 2 Sanh ling a = ©, £ i Scanned with CamScanner _ Colox imoge o¥ 1) Rae Bemage !— Coonsicalt, catcdee t Co ya ily) x roy) (iu minachion) fi ifn yeo oo) ufx.pe [04] B S a a =: Ip change in-intensily Tebenat ly SI I A B A + or qos ~ ‘ | ae 3 : 0 Ss . { le] - - —s* Hott ta tty a 1m = | t By 2 LO aay i CTE Scanned with CamScanner ——Fiege ma np deli nb . Sma wpa in ibe shatial / Fetal sui Tage cali: Fp co anal ft pixels ye Givem the area ox jteld of win, o. ; Dads re ——fmage, means nro..of pixels arte mose_and. they. havea” ely 129 indaxma-bion condomt: ot eh eet pase ) (rigid of i 256x256 “Taxa 5 | imale Che size of a pixek 28 4 Limes” | a ‘moxe Xham @ previews one) ate 64K bE image,-a.small. xectangle. haa | fines infensi value »but in case ef 256%256 Image, iH conteims £6 ditt. incl having AF Sn emaity. Scanned with CamScanner 80.) | 21S 02 24) Ge iS Can.we fnexcase phodtal. xerolubton eee inhexpetadion f ee intesbo 2 com ace See bhtoat eas tit avoxage, LatOwl bs ed Ret i —ft atin contemt in xelated with the vanias in The data Consumer a Jeclventea, 1, Ousbud | “het Lmage __ Descaip tion I Image IP TPR, CV | Deseipdion Ca Osher Doda Proc - | | Scanned with CamScanner Cr eas Advy.cl TP ovex - 0) Ob ical ame. Phodey sephic — Diwedv eee _b) Blecdnie ¢ analog 0 baactsion Oli +4) Sheed and exbensa ——1________} 0sjosl\et, : iE aa mage. quendtgochien ja 1 ae ch ot en uch a3 vt IO! Ny el =) = te seb Levels o. a 2). bits sepresembin bitte -tccadeas nz quayllsttla 3) Ne. y af | | ri | N= 2 (be nool bits) teat ate yy a= I 256 Tevels 128 Levels eee w= [: Toe oe 5 each inten: . . {are weed “io (ees 4 bie, 7 (Visual qualiily of an image deberds 2) C + pq ab at ee depth) _ al he a wala a Tihs Soli bag Scanned with CamScanner (Peet Bw. (eit ou AF @tu-)[ &, y-s) [Get 4-1) I 4 (and y) (e! 4) Cus 4) Coby a) eal Gag +) Fe) Grvendipnal, Trdexing method Connected “-Intorcily values ave Similay amd thoy a a oe v edocs Netehboxn dh @ Pied iH =tuy 7 NBL Sie Ye - bape) } : EG © NIP) Sablies p € Nal) fs (x-ly-d) Ns GT = Gay -9 | Cath yo D) [Cen ¥) \ (ath, 4) \’ ‘ pm mH -T) 4 Np(*) er neigh bos | Cte y ttt A ip le Lela Lk ee Land cella ol Lalo Scanned with CamScanner Oa 83) 3.) | 43 aa I Tete -_Treo, panels. ase connected. 4 thay. ae. —$m the someclans (‘same eolox ox_same"rarn fea pistes and. they. axeneighhox.r fe pes ai oe FAL Let i sda! eee Ts coquetee ( __, z Bele = bee eta ils cea = 2 “ho i (syn inidys r a Ve (hg) +0G,3) Trtangle Inequality) Db ft sy ty-H> Eadlidean Distance} Pa (bsg) = lxsf4 [yt] Te Bleck tte Dz (bg) = tox (Ins, [y=tl) Ychershegel — Shaticl bamain ‘~ (Flethle.ca ay do marth ubarke) - ar ee a el ema ep — we Teagea lin spelt ‘Tonainne th LD i Ohexe diskane” 7 ats wmeanTnpfal) - Frequency Domals,:—[Rohuat, Compubconally.« pease) —aa Using Fouxten Traasform -¥ word “distan soon “ agen tartan alive HIE Scanned with CamScanner walsh a _ = ele Tai ra ii mg eed e —__ Tinage ac mage equinihin = th. the. bros of sembing 0 tea xxoundingd aauled re - “hice the fs foxm ¢ seen * db exend Axor th. that of image e axeation, ‘the:| hah 2 — A Semsing’ fnvel von sensox{e ke came@sxtas |_ ste maka Ue tt le | ed ealaictin etapa _amd_expensi || eins | ff Fx1= NUR, MRT, ete | ms PeT = i. | fre eof ast wred_tn : ra = 4 ied cohdxol in & xodtatton Jor ale ard, wnat eee Ealso.uned in xemole Scanned with CamScanner Py ce ee BAL Tex Sources $— pte a, “Ugh i Tanilon ma inheverlly. cafe — —_——___—- bit “isan be qonexaed. seltabhy — ; dvartages ol Silicon aa a sensor — a Reflect ie axe Lineax in nalure. (visible Lights) - ea o eS addh other. aon devicon can. be indegralBeal,on. zekc vv ae — etait —C Charge Coublyd Device )————_——— = 2 Siltdn asa CCD and Si being-a semiconductor —— __.. device, all. furnchtonn cam_ be-inkafeabed ta.a-chip——~ _ ar rarne Co mera = er ), Hay nsf feadion factor. 2) Light gadtextn: capa. Got SL l mn tnage Fe a Pe object size. —- I fi Fi yamine ste EES wet —abyedt size ue f$—u—¥ = wie eg Beet | HE Aberdune 1» the Light gadhestag ie we ii i O deneded. E et de a oe & fs - fo > obtained. olvfolts ad an we — Chength, by diameter Vth? aperturc. Scanned with CamScanner __ SF Valuen d ahoxduxe axe donod eee Yumbexs! 23,44, 95-6, — — Cineth ee pe ‘Shhonteal Al exzation lentil ind, off = eben CCD Sensow? = e Ferien of Ais Het tak ccna _ 4 Size of individual, s quaxc x 1 ia e a i : we % a ebaaqeaccenalae a aaa oe ( aes | 7 con sees mane Thema yates COLiese axe nia (Due fo thes mal agidodion, there will fae e) Scanned with CamScanner | 3 exe is no ft ‘ will stil on te ie raebetealine a ; “given sine 0 dank cuxemt BH Glecfuoden shifts the accumulated chaxge de the FT elecheales. : 3 4b thoxe Ls no defect un rs ti facannn an els ed: 4 eee Ee | |i TS te EI _ | rb ] Sa a snd Poitou a F rs = r _ Whem the Afoit as cctfon i ont mathtain the J req. eo Ma ygea. Se weal 2 Allating — Scanned with CamScanner - (pe) ze mas =" “Dhsad ectam lox Samblit _pattsece IVY 22) —NG vt pi Even 1) 8 and Faxe disjoint, thoy ore conected 9 Distance Bho tino centae oberg abl-din fom s0.00 5 Same Z — 1 ate a ilg agles — ae LI ° ; co eis — Hsin Jap aca Lio | ‘ ortentes neha | hoxizontal direcEion Sn most of The. images E | Sombing Pattern. § L s|3]24 & r a ie Saal al oapaslat iielt fo ei pe feed Se ae x wh ob lmtp quality thon other py noes : | | Sx1- Reckamgular, llexagon al. _ Non =unitoxm mt 5 Kasics KA mn Ce Hin aa ie halbe dat Whbe wa kenaua . | Fore OLN bax aa vi mwa quality) & Scanned with CamScanner = og _Rololi Vhs. waane Lat qfvem_an i and connected — hein wo he bans (0% vice ~vexsa)., then |- it in nobablen tnvoxtance 2 ameoxproduce_|- {eaome, of _} Yr 89) pate Bia) | ecb ee SyeBal Diced ‘Lada well val t Frequency \— f i (- Frequency t= doing the Fausto tramsformad en cupply ing ! N ; H some mardpuladton then. dofng imvexne Founien cotton. - A framahor t gated i yo} Ls mo: ing Qn imag “aay level ot bizel } {2.4 ta denoted b glay) a € v tT ST TiC Ms ; : by-0 tani vontabl Still, ong eg) ———— Reg three tt let ee del iadh Pach andthe | Scanned with CamScanner pop ®) ' (eee eet evel» 1G, aus | Poken t aig Tel ie i t | ‘Ly vesholding Fs s=T(r) onkbut < 5 Inbud Tay fe 7 i ae : | es tip per Leh ; }3e6} re I onaxast Enhance me mt - \ the Att. b Light fn A-B c world) tented Shutehing x Ary value ‘below * on. in comaidenod ar Dark omel, . [nay salte above 'n’ ia ceuidenedan Lfahh = Scanned with CamScanner [white | _+ a Tmoge neg ecton ob vali! 33 | saL-i-y © When 1-0,$=L1 > se When ¥= om : a Black |_| - © CE), - —s fa avail Light region is_> bee gray lene CY ear thee! ; - Sma deel eateeal I i9fafos r (Lage. Enhancement) ‘ : i" al Te Ob): f es. ( Peak Sitonal to Nose Radfo) "CY aantiiadive measure) typ é h gecpleok chtuld Logue kighonnunmstoal sellin __ thon a. poor 4 ality {mage Bul ths, So not always I ‘ fi Ascossmemt we do iba wort to the hoor quality Image fe wad to tho’ undisto xed, Limcrge we dont _ |_have undistodad tmage. “ if _ Sst r1(Stuctusal. Sfmidantty émden mensuss) — | Ge ossexs how good am algontthn' sts) Scanned with CamScanner 92 x @:e 93.94 —& bhai is ee ond. combutex. ec esseaanant should be one-to-one sath > wardom variable. [= ASST aah ot delesmine 1 Sivek image the Input image # er pecdsum cales O- 255 to Bez 10° x ‘hem ant shoxe er eer 160-208 = & a Scanned with CamScanner fowex Kou Txam, lormations let at ~ = “ j scr | — Vostage. t6_indenatty m mobbing -foxo! CRT monitox : jo] : = ZL 80, Joavoid thin ,we uae Gamma. correction which fxat setn the inpuk & image to be Jed. fo the CRT. monitors Jike the_invevke one. + t CRT > Vf moniter | UU SA Conbadt & ing * — darkest intenstdi2s + vt e / Safe 1 - A sie) acon fH eng dipaornge-_ID IZATION: =. : \pazetio:.. 96) Uy ans 8) arth) te, tlw) He, dank in dank im 0/P Lage) a a | Oe t (An tntuidive Jorn 4 L l ! | To) Se O/P 1mage ) Coeplative predation of “ tmage fs preserved) a s= T(r) | fats) = BGs) ae] Scanned with CamScanner Hy we have blr), we eam go Lox Cumulative Density _ meer >We know thal aie ahs 4 ve_amd yl rt go pn ag Lt cumalativ he agate it — i __w. iH be-monatonteally fnesensing--— — ——_ | fel s = TG) = Fytahda - 7 cule ohio (oF) r : Dans z O= .oRe| : _ 1 = =}: ze] =O qian: i boty \ I aera a5 a NIFORt AB1G INTTZ'S Que ZDISTRIBEBA Teal eindog rato t ce ita J nT ar ie ewer Pee i I tbpex Limtt valae ok — 0< psi , So, fon dtancrek/digital smajer, Satta ge Gs as 7 : vy = 0. {biwels with — =f N= Novof Aotal pixels Scanned with CamScanner 5 (Qo 45425 s @:5)_ Lo @or 542541100 =O.6) 1s (20454254 10415)/100 Sa = 5 Rot542530 41545) /00 ~lo-8 = 10 Goes aseronisasqreyioo = 6-9.) _ 10 Qosspassiog is4 341% olno=(f- 0) 16d 7 0 — a Quansized. outputls) L tad 2 5.25 Scanned with CamScanner ee) ‘ . fag je 2) Soo26 €3 31 ee He cxrskone a} aT othe hts ear f : — et Hal tage, ae Elan i, howmalrze —__| dh Git to getom — =a }—hést ; QS | equdligedion the image become ator ~ | cont sont 5 - ee | Cast ally Heaaing 7 Original ners a, ee Ene). ' Fon Fxom Histogram equaliga téen, i S aTW= [Ewes te it = = 1 hitateg nam equabiadtison to Ps (3), we get a) eg — DE Ra ge | ee —— Skoae, [= ‘lel gs, Sand cose opulent: E Se Scanned with CamScanner Z 160 Pon. 2503 4 aE, We have been piss. dle inbol image amd the be Losi 2} the outpud Arnage. a - _g. Sa sathy ANA AIR Maan an Fo Gx1— ___Inbulinage hissteg vam Desixed Histogram agen ix Thensty | # aS 0 20 0 | ko B ks foo |p | & uy bs | Scanned with CamScanner izslog ram equal igetion do bot. tables - / fz / 8) Apply! el —Kagt ofp hustogrorn. birch ae \ z | & & CN et RS ace 0 { 20 2 | 39 3} 10 4 [45 sis. G | 10_ paxamedte endo patch 29 I —— ; ees fol ons srs wonkancements 6. Mean oxlane are ‘foboms __— Scanned with CamScanner - Spain 10g osjoal ay Seite € _ docal Enhancements Hfsdog ram_ Stabistite dor x —% a Se aaa Enhancement __ a f Glebal Hisfoqram dreads # the-iaho le. fm image 0. Ahan. ke _Sdendidy. f oo Hi fogram txeadn the. rar Os combosed, WG in -sevenal ath. ~Lmagen+ Th them applies hé {istogram ge ———dguc Lon on thane_uh= Fnages———— E i ee Hers S B+ 29) when me _wo have to. setiesaid ty i heading the. othex image. — a : : = saci AutO Siptente yamee ino video a ein _ -Peypeded image +— gle. 4) = {roy y+ 4 &, 4) 4 Cnagy be ‘Bik Cousian ee ee = 4) = ey) Fe Be Binal Daal alia a Sie ey K We can ure ritbixactton to defexmene which £mego Btw chosox to the ont fi og whan eae ee git will be. mare. blac! Ogoghey J Basten Shobial Filer tag a + Fe Mulliple cobies o| noise. Emagecamlead fe tramsmiss = Bd stonage peck, ah soe Ty Ee TRE Scanned with CamScanner oe HI Notne iy bi uen. - Serra apa one ae mage, pirel Jo Sel addt ion. intel pt ie "Lee se 7 ae ———— mullifle co en,,avenagtn will be dene 1 e phe howsked r — Ge = 4 [Toray tena a] w, Tr Sto) co i A) WDhens Pre | h 104 5 | Pith ay i El ition sae e. Gah, Sng _NOLhG, 1% Co ose ipl gc jon le As E r& Rabe —Fittec 8 —__& SI Stl ot deacon edison. — ag shite yng atligt ig ss | Bl é{ 4 titig 4ligg lig T ne | tithe Ee TE fal] Stated ; — SE ETE Tena ——. FE tmasiine thal we haveo 3X3 3 ofndow that cam he 8 Sxvexy whens on the -tmoge. Scanned with CamScanner | C=2 Sdebadt— Hove the window 40 the Jinst tocad ton Bhexewe want Jo compute the average. Value and then Select aie oe inside the Herston = g_'SRP-8 = Place She ncaull al the pisol tn nf? image ; fact -4 != Move the window de Hal taal tection — _ Scanned with CamScanner ¥_3x3 averaging method fh anexam nash. a “Glen Shell ede. rae te Oa = te Fd vaca Seienaean au Lsomel ynsss fet ee be emul ott Ss __¥ Hoxk contalmn cos sehiely — “heeled (ocd ace h wale.) |wfoal wat} Crnash of 0x3 moving average ilten pea ___| hes ital 2 site fi rae Le) of mask fe fo location! to be computed. ZS Comb Sipe rte anc _pisels iy Aub) image und rat. [caw we 3) 2) pat] wfs2--—— tA [aba [wet = a Task coeffictends 5 ata ES hd He) \-X Shadtel 4h Hexdg —— love the’ maak oven thet Amage”a. a 5 neaults of correnbondi ng steals of o/P mage, . 2} lore xenults of corrantondirg Pied A “4 Scanned with CamScanner 106. cc's | Sood Fo se — ee Mean = “pipes ome, shape 2. jotndesd ov x “wohteh mean — : hdd ith [squaxewindaa Pua shaped. winded ae mw 1/9 1/9 fo i/s 7 | tg fa afo “als ifs is a tls _t/9 ys fg. tem, =U} Ht aa) cal_amd. houfzon q ——— ) less sighed paonsis a} fn tell te Beate Re Squaxe vindoa Plax chapel winlos -_ | 4/ie ts a/te Ye i/s 3/4 _i/s if, i/s_t/e . _ | the te tte Ye ae Wa tae) _ _ Scanned with CamScanner 108 K& & th '2, K _ 2 ede = 7 : = A bined y ts vob! a alae = —nelghbo yee te oot te mast common a K HE ST eee eee 2 paella ee eh ak ___—_landazd”desstobim. —————+t% ~ Scanned with CamScanner Ko \piget 109 06 00 2d He Filkexs baech -on con pine values and. gradiemd sin wl hb) qb no ye &, = up, (id) ad i) Cp 2g __thexe, (kD fs invesnely probordtonal Ao —l». ee ; —8y Haximum Homog pen ea y — a} Dodeumine not vol a D = jini do Vin —b} Abb. eee doing ati hoknd. Ly 4rom Lin | nefghbarhood - Tend ssi be contlored —- SY Ethos of tho Poxm: = — 7 Scanned with CamScanner ‘te Vagal ede r Lou’, cole tO op St ovdox doxtvalt, _ ahexe gray valuueb ax? bone | ¢ f v nan mage B nust be zoxe ot WJabsoomomba 6 ) y | amb : _ VER) must be non~zero along the rambs. B D) goxdes donivabie —> t)'must be yexo of fag segmonln ge [+ $y must be non-gexo at the enact amd af the and of a ramp. Ey at be Go along the semps E | Avesaging 1— cle | | Shaxontng.)- the noise (enhan ing the edge. detarl no dox 4 im | cae F poink pee | \ } Ke Rar v step — , “Saag | I changing)? : } i: Nye een need 1 flat % fox sheb Ike Junekion “second order dexivatives av doubl Lino. behaviour ee fy ain olin nln owl Scanned with CamScanner Pore : “en 7 = a t Wa : = ~ @ De stoi 4 Liltex coek|tcconhs = — _ i = mf Stum.of 4 ex. coektfofende im F-0200-o 4 ee jel a ts pate ative must He be Zero era 0 be ye vo. the xelodion must be Lhe — tite. Lo [illex coop 7 4p eo, oxdex,_ dex tvative, i i) thickox_o: ) thicker edge fn an tina 2. Chile 2" sd eat desivalivecrbances ween fd latte tush an thin tines and iso. lolod, botnds, ———? ee eo sbenger se-ponse doa. | nao toa. | hile ond oxde en 7 jw at ate a SE ood denivative( scalax o! eho) dan ee Ftsoblements de ablacfan. obe rx. (rotation tea -Ttakeehi [bows ( nolalion imyaxtant). “ay Std aa a tf Le Scanned with CamScanner Tag NS. Ke Phir: 24/21 ee y= 24 (ey) 1 + =IG 4) +k, (x, ee ee eget aay 4) Vd = besyy) + benny) +d legen + 4fe ye . =4 Cay). in in) HOR) Gety) ely) ap J] Ao.) fea: Yaya) {\ 7 o TO if we choorg er dtke : a -4 1 | this, then convoly tng thir t Oi Q | with axa nelohhoundoed, will I _give the VW." f weank do L change in q@) 1 4) q tL we also take care, both, al eee ttf Sy and 8 oe then ) Oy dx diedie Ox Shs filfes can be used, -23]0 ql a ati ang log i XE, esl axes detalinebancethe Bich odpeo. » Li d& Sema onder chhaneos Scalax oly, A Lael it : Scanned with CamScanner hex oder ia te (@ < a cere gin and A eater deri ite be aA a FA Sto) the Tiler ceils oust be zone we _# kablac tom oheroton t ia_otn ten Lnvortants 4 a EES folfof peers maak SFr 2 Seth _ ie ask ip negative: } —. «jeg ont Pty patie soceaet ag ah ae a 4 do presen the backpround salt (geil Zyl | a _Abblicatton '— Elance edge line, poind 3| g—\_Dinadvandage. Endan hook Eke) ols csoe dlp apne Glo Ee | > [o Falo tena} = Very) ; | FGE Prenexve onkanens | 1 lo — Chox 2 ily He ta —| I _4 ; TI | Scanned with CamScanner a MN if Ge a Unshosb in ad High-Booat Eitlesiag = tains nahing = mae Paton fs oo = _ hastben ~ a -E - head 7 ( 7 = Se it fs called unshaxf masking eB : Bluxsuing > subbxesses £ e=yuency [ 3G) xich wit low feats B Tay) conkains both tow and high ae = Lory = Plug) condaims htah freq: e Ayla a ting = flay) —_____p Fiby) = A-2) 4(ary) + flvy) -F Gy) SCD Fy Fy) 5 be ts high “boosting § [e | alo 1 [kal : — CATR HA¥ cn) trahacy ea The tet TA Tag + V Yay) fonts rae Scanned with CamScanner 1 p émage) =. - se eal feums, - en c mall - or oF nod _xotattonal inva xtant | 4 Sg ie gy eee in = IP] | a i —_ To nave the e1 —— =] a HecbeaitT sic etait ; de Zz 2, % erage an 44 2s E Pays. =z _ Kg Ks % fa ; Fro i “Robext Cross ee Lo ~4 { -t or a Gradient ; Ss Fae Cal = ~_ gy ey - Pinel. values axe concentrated bho too values 1 6-4 Zt mm o | fa=2 balpiid ead i re-wilts Ld o 4 saved at Ze it aa Scanned with CamScanner Sobel, bhexatexs— _ (ater — = | 2 | to satel Kb be ai a Nucl , “Fliar | Atte ep [id iodeled | eeateaat \ | Contam | [ree ES bone i il (te tngise P| ite thin TY vel = —o4-tume uy) er oP edger 4; f Bhi = | tp nerrowragmrts 2 ioe = ya ping eel =f —_____ 2) noinad image wv i ) Smo, = E - = — i i Scanned with CamScanner te yeh) SS Fa yy): Wavy Filles, Teamaler re Fle ad Wed ae He DET ol J ond , = aeshaclvdly Mutt} piteolin ‘on tata hamd. Atde ty combexend —F io, Le(uv)l XLH(u,)] —__ aq ——peafoaen | Te some cone weed. to bref muceating _chexabten to w Hocole Hhe Yiifen of the ecbne ob the, blame Scanned with CamScanner my Founint oui od Ono, doxmme 7 K i Feaadex Doma loun Bante Junctens —T Mpsestinadte Too fests? wave as fhe ‘sam Ea | Sine waves = ee Twdowa| NT —_ NA E | Feustex Transform! — 10. f To Paks ian pens Reno 4Gle Joe SFC) e Sea rm Tnvenae Fourier , Trompe oe Scanned with CamScanner eS ac oe E(u)? dQ) = dan”! ——-Snagnidude mr Ce nexale Pauxiex Ta Juomafoxm: Pesci fontodtes jh i Bem DET. Pl = St aed? und pla ela Hea a sees __e tt | coyn nhlede.« cycles of Ha nfeaaatd Hak ite tate. 7 Gaee image There doxum the bors ; the Aweq wency domain sepres ation omd_the wei xe tach stneand costne Junchton oxo Anowntos, | Fonsxtexn co dftetonts = 7a amimageo] age HYN pinolas— DD Et. —_ fei Ni mua HT awe shy a tape HNL fo ar x a. = dreqae wey im a aoe a ~_ (vs freq aki tee if dee y Net Same fox Fl Flu). Scanned with CamScanner i 28\041 21 3 =e Buttes tessa Kow Pam Fitter. -Tnaye do-be i x tt i i dine frm A Hie. ceadte ei a Z . ot the_ comtne ee uent -ot Me Dene jt wate r ke Abe. invexse DPT oh Httexed image » | Then, aL tad ig — — et eget = coment. Epil Scanned with camScaner : —™ er ie = ty aH f= ak -Mulliplizabion sn det: smi Anooater than ‘sini | fon. im tho spatial clomatn 2 a we gly = dey) ih jena = lomomaxhiie. Eillealng = PiGeg) aalfoes Sa = — Ley) = ey) ay) | “dt cchstte xofJechiinge Se = ee Fiat Heel S Pouxtex = Exam Shoe — - Alay) = dm 1 Ca) = Im f(x ps dm jp(zy) 4 |! _FAgluy)} = Fini) fa bin clay)? 7 pass | ~ S Zu) = Eloy s+ Eww) = et | , May) =] tn | oer Plank il = | hte es a) co br erprocenning) ey Fae Be alex, ca pag np and do Sek gene = See t= Scanned with CamScanner — i Sha Foam ton nok rrr Sty = EstanT} = | _ =F enw fila vida eT Haw) Ee yout - sp coxa of be: Bod ey E yaa yee fg} — aeitis +(a,9) amy = 4 kas) + rola) “einen el ie ice while in sn id ina. differemtiechten = ei) = — Gy te} IE tg Scanned with CamScanner : 7 domain. Sputial Pomatn Preavenny dt di - Wea the »? con a be pon ee cilindds ares ati er at es Jette dot a Tee Ba ¢ edge isis oe ae peepee Ls Band bikes Thverse Pregl tater ) - BOX re < as peat Tapp or Scanned with CamScanner Budde worth Low Poms Fitton ' Dlwy) = [(u- 8) (v4) a @ Fox a low poss filler thie means thot an D(urv) Ancxeoats, H(u,v) deseases. Thhs afford Lp to dannbem the highes A xequen Clon which axe sepxeremded, a» beimg a distanse fox drom dhe contxe amd embhoatze the lowe 4xequemeser whieh ane xebreremted, by bolmts clone to the comtie: > Dg ts known ar the end -oft Atequem » Tram ideal Jor ass hiltex, thin Sa the bela above which all 4xeq uemeles would be elfminabed: * Thexeorsting Dy Inesearon the numbox of drequencies Shot axe homed (ox tesren the daumpimg effects of high ee frequen © Decxeanimg Dy meana'a wz matler numbose of frequemetes axe alowed to pass (ox the dambeming elf ects of higher Jxequen oxe inexeaned). This would. xenult Ima mone bluxxed sinage Budttes.roorth Hitghe Pars filter, SA te H(wv) c —t a oe 1+ [D.] Dw J Pee niu) nla, v) Lov pas» a High, fas fy fitter Gilt 2) Scanned with CamScanner So PL COTM 4 (8 alow pos ft te sing. 0%. smoo thiv snoise cleant bp “posialncy <“ “de “49 e.. en honed Oxo, » high pone ites, 2S eed SS ae inp esr Pines DETo} the : Lttexed imag ets hn done Again by (<1) ona - = [- alal 24 = I E FEIT Gu) E(u) * - / Te er ea -(urElus) ] Oe Oy? afd E(u) r =-w) How - FLV y] = -(utv) © Cu wv) * Hae SE z & Scanned with CamScanner = Ag ng) = Hay) os Haake _ drequen noy | a ick es] ae, | yee AYag =f, lap) [TA Sead Ei C4) | FapCure) = = FG, v) = Fup Cw ») , oe ea “T trtgi- best} il = AD AOD HO) Tyla), 1 Scanned with CamScanner on Digitol, Image Rest nabion > eK : of. ' ‘Subj eckive comivgs © i 2 f | ‘obj ectivd) x ‘toni = va a P[Sensex FED AP [aes yo [Micxeucl z Sensox, Thro-ved sensox, FS MARL CH ede 1. Geomedate Axansformation Got -2Thelomedinic frondlormaion Scanned with CamScanner . ne xovememt_o} Tmago. Litye — : aes —t). mui tenable ff bo ions ss -Spa iy of the frmage.uafng_ some hesvrishtes design a -onthe basis ef urexh!e: xpontence.amd_ap| apple fn hand» ee ae yr le 2. I 4 = heden — ys aepuaded nage ee IL Gave isin Gua F _ ge an ge Dogradahien a Degrads bin Hoddl—_ ey 2 d shift tnvaxtemd: cern - =i eS Kea : pk rs “ Scanned with CamScanner mage Foxrmodion Gquadion * Subhone’ = Yan) de dhe oxtgtmal, image a = bboy) be tinoan whidt ‘Lovantamd 4 xam4f oxemer fen ~ Wry) da afgnol, Sndefond end additive nose = Cary) Ja the obnexved, amel xecoxded, tmage « x Image dormer fon may be dewextbed av + — qeovel f {tu,p)-h(e-a,y-p)dadp +nly) 0s 99 MN Tn discsete domain, Qox MXN digital imag @ give = St, SF gained ed) + Ud) ' a "(a -dtmematerod. convolution) Using madru'x. vector notation, = 4 +H (supsese tng TIN Linear equatis) Degxodation matrix of skye MINX HN. Tage Restonotson corte ot 4) _[Reconsdruch | Phodome fate. %) \econs: ron) \ Deol ite Pe 44) | cocmmene Le “Vrtamaormad Extlmatfon o| the orginal image from the observed, h(z4) ane by afpective Smyexien of. Degractation. Foxurwbodten + Criyon -» + the obmoxved gmoge g(x) ama : . «the pxoeiae model 4 he ve Lm {0%m . hex») amd fe the stodtrdical Awowledge about the noire yp boy) De need, ko ovttmote » — the oxtgtnal image. 4(ry) - based on the xelodisn 1 g= H 4 ty + GHiohying some cxiterta, a N 4 (ap) Scanned with CamScanner * Tnage xeatoxadion is to veslone a degraded tmage back, fa the oxdginal 5 image while & Fmage enhancement i 40 manipulate the fmage m0 thot 24 Le null ais bpieitce abbstastn, ns Degxadad te Resto. 4ley) | “pati jit} =p Ll) we DEGRADATION RESTORATIO Degradation moded * qm y) =4Cuy) * hay) + yoy) hese, Hoary) te a aylenn that causes image distombton ancl, nlwy) i ih nolas Nosae Modela! - Noiae cannot be bx adtcled, hut cam be tp xorimalely descxthed, Lm stadiscal way wslmg the PDF: gle yy 2 Cow. nol ae} ‘en PCs) = a a Rauyletah nossa | pes) e fener’ Za, y= 0 » 2a Exsamg (Gamma) noise; '¢ e* _ %-a) 3 320 Kale f 5 3<0 fo des crtbe Nostsot— PDE, Stabiscal wa Scanned with CamScanner i? P03) re atb-) ,-C) ‘ @xfonembial ' ~ GH : a --y Scanned with CamScanner Tages Deq xadation with Additive Notse ? — Tle) = aleng) Gig) GR Se ee VoxtodicWoite = Teoky the dod in Jrequency { domains. 0% A(u,v)= F(uv) H(uv) + Nfwy) [Paxbese sto eatimate Way) ox (u,v) [aby 2 BY we Brow epee > pee ALon- Tipe paige able gab the heouledye gg He asad st com only oat made th. © deconvolutin, BS Scanned with CamScanner eo: ee ¥ Degraded. x nag & ob boaically ro convolution of Sset'gl tral fmago with tha. clog xacad.ton- funcdion. To.ged "back Me coxtyiak image, we. have. fone. the. de. Rempopst of« ela “ Latimation Py: Image Obsexvadion. Poy) hbng Melo. mp Mingo space] tnvaviank a (4) eet gtasy) od Zi po Can noon) Spy Pee [alan = Gali) = Se agate PPT TRS ~~eenkasn ve. ae ——and-have- fatty okyet whi — and, backs seun “Iefexmating) pp Rete xation __procesa by. util im. ad Lay) end al change She seHling ae Ha daisies and ped fox. whitch. nae the. i dered Znagen: haley prodatced axe, simi an beng j “Falak tabulac Laape Response image. nt oe 1 MCL from She a A (ayy) — s 9) luv) =A, 1 bey scanned with CamScanner tT DETIAS Casa | bho the. E vane mj Helfpen bed Sa cee, oa _| the. bluvuced. ee a’ “Saw SO) eo) Ewbionodion byt Modeling : ised When we fen] fi mechamtsm— all gs othe, dang 10: pat LS y0.005b ae can. oe “ [lil Boa a stunk Jom blanax motion. =a ff ~ Apauine Thot F Camexo, velocity is ka (aol) yolt)) = HiRes anes Tania yaad, | tc he t eaten ay "" a eae tel me + VY! oh 4 Scanned with CamScanner “ “To avoid the 2 ide. ober ‘ j sot, sa cof = fia eal eee = eseonias (uv): Sth tn mi optus a, "jem te of Hla. Scanned with CamScanner 432 One Restoration: toumutadion \ Se am os : és $8. ‘ae aye (ag)... ak \.2 Pre cae. model,.of _ the PSE in reed! 2 jis stodtitical la abut the none ay p- “We. ad. ay odimale _seteteeeepensemt athe ont ginal image inp es Based the xin. wgoH ds Ls = some codftonta, ae “fe cs Tie marae ee aS |t-fil mee > noxm — its Syeare has Ai vfhat es cam be positive. Ox apelin We yt0edo guard norm. EH GAL x = FRR TTE 4 L TE Scanned with CamScanner — Ge No ia) cfotin of FUE La ae moh of te yr, — eS Boos iol dl on Khe. a 80, exxox, aeerere es Be + files 22 | e(py= SARIS — | —_S Expl eigeaP =A RO = Peles EPL TO pn ar rEg t = Expiascee PHL: =Png Gre an "Aa ee beak intact ti @exchar anh apie Teer at TPH PTS Pyeng eT J SIGHS 4 akin ——— — Fab tie Stnee si all amd, TeEnh(m}z) ent] 2 ee EH | (nin) = et Rys = outocorraladfon n nose, fee, malin a alls bel = Rb er PH Rp Page ‘ee cee Scanned with CamScanner aS ict ) “ele Th = bo an erkvad ive, -of Qian d iP amd mobf ric $s foment eh tb lie ect ee "p _ & = = BHT By H apg, Hare mie ae i PS —ReRTCH Ry H+ ~Ara in Fa 6 : Cus) HF 2) c(i eereene es Relay) hitewy Stuy Le oulimated, in Fouxéex domain gs . tae Pluyv) -GCuv) = Huy) TA Cane fle Rete = . Aan alin hen b shasta Faw) ak (uy) nsf Water |e Po eat Pe ies | Alyy) i hae Scanned with CamScanner ow 134 = 55 7 st - eae know that PSD . ee But he . ea X The. ee that we could, have. “alee > subs ~ IE EC an) = F(av) 4 sent do hea ean ae — but hexe wehave climinaded the Jock thal Je: Jes WH con be | BAe row LP = BM bath. Site wee pacer Heyl and SC) —— A eapef se »— Sytwv) Se or epee t 7] When thane te ah dominion cf noiac,. Heine Yulkex gives bette wast lt Lass A i Reinen’s di ker giver | ob 2m, xestoxation ot te : image after. whee Fil tn 4 Reg nage - ang pt coal 4 4 a image ssill produce, theabtimal vedoxedios Scanned with CamScanner ES eG Ce _£ SE ita =e or oe Difco aking sas wahing it ty OE t > = = elt SOS Oa Hp = ily wey =O 3 ttt eH =H ATA T= HY And, othe oaxtex demain; the ott Flv) = Gluw HCarv) po egal [ i dlitao | exh re > ¢, ° f Sata a t i . : _= Ld O6]o5ft —_ = Eshimabio, — é x Reason dor slogula nity hy ON~ Um iquie ia Na ———Selucion {00_naly ha ve laage namben ia esky ——inages fora. gtiom shacived. image) - _lauMone de esttoaded inane SQ CTT raked triage Scanned with CamScanner Gre i357 - x wor (ef)) 4 ne Lima fed jy a ar_how go ne sotisifen ADs hate il co Ie = Med eo i Lek on l rae Yn | Prem deast=k =hGua ye... @ te man i Jef ew lh tle e's, oa et Pye, ot il = | aes 4 Tas A eft Ir = OLT(of) +A [Cy -2P) Sign faa. =a at alg Fun GH )-a) = teat Alga a fwd hy Mp, | ~ DE wp wert _¢ amd equa hing to Zexe! | oS mantgp 4A[o= uy =H, 2 adap) - | Selang fox 4, ae get: oad fet EH H Hay @or ‘oy HY ao Sie fee oe Sean ined with CamScanner Chandra amd Duble., Majumd ex. : 6 (Oigital, owls Pca F | s fe aa _Depsadalion rode $ f ~ WxdHen ina es _£ fey sheen — gates —4 « — sill Ee —— flows look Leok Jor wmecthness athena ge et = Hp a My) ay) ——galig L Et v= FE fey) 4 [I Te ert ali) Whese = | Pp ? = Fount PNT Foo teal Boggy i t le ij a = ee ib ey adjusted Jo ookteve ac “box = onan Scanned with CamScanner Pete : Tee ian re (od alles enna eg - po se ———edeanng yt _ Use the new value of 7 a ees ~ Flan) = oe | Tula Westy lee) | 7 {Ho fad = - +y lee rer an = Hua) E uy) F (uw) et Scanned with CamScanner Ts 4 none image ts gveatox tham Hla athen Gk aces bof dentures Lie in ol rtxafght dine {none image may not be in F " =o ne = mah we ex tina |) Lage xogtadsode Jox 00 ie male banc ; with nant eae raateh, ub thang Smee ———¥ Hees o eee es Tay sewage decane ai “Scanned with CamScanner — object deletion by nulbtrosdingtueeenaive ]vomes i medical. imaging fox fombxovimg.. diognosis thee: of = -comb Laing -diffexead imaging (xno Cr, ae : 7 ~_ Skmble technique _Jox enlaxgt | ees ete caby cack prrel vole by beck of xn fizela | | im output Smage - Two dxawbacks | ___ ayn comk be amy orbiteany non dagen value 4 by puatly enhanced-Jnages have ble ik ae ae Bi lpn Los ds toss ate ested 1 | hewevex,[nxn)_bloal vole seplaced. H sadtaie ‘sm_medtan voll - the ok nod tach tabeoons ! trl Ln vhaualty _ cevaee ee edie eed Bees of 2 andi. tT enate git —— Scanned with CamScanner 010,440, herons r beeubseehs a ecraree)—E La EY ones fraltnn, Thssafing and. moxphiog «1 = [x [a a Hf} VPS] es eT] z a ear y Homoqencom Coordinaten — ' canes oimts ab thite dimtmatena \ ong Ahied charm oy = = | |__| Bnethex oblion vahteh 2 dnch f. komo ate 5D Px! OO, fa. fa — Cyl te eter td i _Tscana] ormatsten = i eee aes Ac pSeligs tee Ls fet oa KT eos | Megat on by ates Scanned with CamScanner I “Abdeswechve Lnblenen ation (other than. oe On ey j plans. thuoe ean il et an tines iedceds’ | Toe ~ % 1 92) _ O]P Lmoge 4 4 : Bical 1 n fo 4 | Spekfol drens Joxmabion + Orray level Enbextolachton | = ines hoo pines aa nels axe bo Tig gay loach eee ed. im the fo binels im spatially — —— a Tremibermad —Svamafonmed, Emage) "Scanned with CamScanner ~

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