Passage 1: Birds and Navigation
Many species of birds migrate thousands of miles each year. The Arctic tern, for instance,
flies from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back again—a round-trip of more than 40,000
miles. Scientists are still learning how birds navigate such vast distances with accuracy. Some
studies suggest that birds use Earth’s magnetic field as a kind of built-in GPS, while others
emphasize the role of landmarks and star positions.
1. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A) To describe the nesting habits of the Arctic tern
B) To explain why birds migrate each year
C) To highlight the long-distance migration of birds and theories about how they navigate
D) To argue that birds rely mostly on stars for navigation
2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A) All birds use the same method for navigation.
B) The Arctic tern is the only bird that migrates long distances.
C) Scientists agree that birds use magnetic fields and stars equally.
D) There are still unanswered questions about how birds navigate.
Passage 2: The Printing Press and the Internet
While the invention of the printing press in the 15th century is often celebrated for
democratizing access to knowledge, it also inadvertently created challenges. The rapid
proliferation of printed material led to an overwhelming influx of information, some of
which lacked credibility or scholarly merit. Much like the internet centuries later, the printing
press disrupted traditional gatekeepers of information and prompted debates over what
constituted legitimate knowledge.
3. What is the main idea of the passage?
A) The printing press was essential for advancing scientific knowledge.
B) The internet is a modern version of the printing press.
C) Although the printing press spread information widely, it also caused issues related to
credibility.
D) Scholars universally embraced the printing press as a positive development.
4. What is implied about the comparison between the printing press and the internet?
A) Both increased the reliability of information.
B) Both challenged existing institutions of knowledge control.
C) The internet is more harmful than the printing press.
D) The internet did not influence knowledge as deeply as the printing press did.
✍️ SECTION 2: Writing & Language (Grammar in Context)
Passage 1: Handwriting in a Digital World
In today’s digital world, handwriting might seem outdated. However, recent studies (5)
shows that writing by hand can improve memory and help people process information more
deeply. Educators (6) has begun to reintroduce cursive writing in classrooms, not just for
tradition but for cognitive benefits.
5. Choose the correct replacement for the word in bold (5):
A) NO CHANGE
B) show
C) showed
D) has show
6. Choose the correct replacement for the word in bold (6):
A) NO CHANGE
B) have began
C) have begun
D) had began
Passage 2: Scientific Recognition
The researcher, known for her groundbreaking work on neural pathways, (7) were awarded
a grant to continue her study on cognitive function. Her findings, which challenge
conventional theories, (8) was regarded as controversial at first, but eventually gained
widespread support.
7. Choose the correct replacement for the word in bold (7):
A) NO CHANGE
B) was awarded
C) had award
D) have been awarding
8. Choose the correct replacement for the word in bold (8):
A) NO CHANGE
B) were regarded
C) was regarding
D) has regard
🔠 SECTION 3: Grammar Rules & Structure
9. Which sentence uses correct subject–verb agreement?
A) The group of students are planning a surprise.
B) Neither of the options make sense.
C) Each of the paintings is worth thousands of dollars.
D) The players on the field runs very fast.
10. Which sentence uses correct punctuation?
A) She loves baking, reading and to hike.
B) The dog barked loudly however, no one heard it.
C) I’ve always wanted to travel to Japan; especially Kyoto.
D) He’s a talented artist; his work is in several galleries.
11. Which sentence uses parallel structure correctly?
A) The company values innovation, encouraging employees, and to work independently.
B) She wanted to succeed, to inspire others, and making her family proud.
C) He enjoys reading novels, writing poetry, and hiking in the mountains.
D) To be a doctor requires intelligence, dedication, and you must be compassionate.
12. Identify the sentence with the correct modifier placement:
A) Running across the field, the backpack bounced on her shoulder.
B) Exhausted from the hike, the cabin appeared like a dream.
C) Carefully painted, he admired the intricate designs on the vase.
D) After years of searching, she finally found the perfect apartment.
