HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL

The sport originated in the United States. In 1895, William G. Morgan, an instructor at the young
men’s Christian association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass., decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball,
tennis and handball to create a game for his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact
than basketball. He created the game of volleyball (at that time called “mintonette”). Morgan borrowed the
net from tennis, and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, just above the average man’s head. During a
demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and
forth over the net, and perhaps “volleyball” would be a more descriptive name for the sport.

On July 7, 1896 at Springfield College the first game of “volleyball” was played. In 1900, a
demonstration match was held at the summer Olympics in Paris, marking the first appearance of volleyball on
the international stage; a special ball was designed for the sport and the YMCA spread volleyball to Canada,
the Orient, and the Southern Hemisphere. The international volleyball federation was founded in 1947 as the
governing body for sport. The FIVB works to promote and develop volleyball worldwide, organizing
international competitions and setting rules and regulation. Volleyball made its official Olympic debut at the
summer Olympic in Tokyo in 1964. Since then, it has become one of the most popular and highly anticipated
sports in the Olympic Games. The introduction of the libero position in the 1998 and the adoption of rally
scoring in 2000 are notable developments that have influenced the game. Then professional volleyball leagues
have been established in various countries, providing opportunities for players to compete at a high level and
entertain fans.

SIMPLE RULES IN PLAYING VOLLEYBALL

1. Volleyball is played by two teams of six players on a court divided by a net.

2. The object of the game is to send the ball over the net so that the opposing team cannot return the ball or
prevent it from hitting the ground in their court.
3. Each team has three hits to attempt to return the ball.
4. The ball is put in play with a serve that is hit over the net to the opponents.(may the touch net)
5. The volley continues until the ball hits the playing court, goes out of bounds, or a team fails to return it
properly.
6. When the receiving team wins a volley, it gains a point and the right to serve. The players rotate one
position clockwise.
7. When the serving team wins a volley, it wins a point and the right to continue serving.
8. Each team consists of no more than six persons, with each side having an equal number.
9. Each player must be in his or her own position before the ball is served.
10. After the server strikes the ball, each player may cover any section of the court.
11. Each player serves in turn and continues to serve until the volley is lost. (side out)
12. After a team has lost its serve, the team receiving the ball for the first serve must rotate one position
clockwise before serving.
13. The ball may be volleyed only three times from one team member to another before returning it over the
net.
14. During this volley a player must not hit the ball twice in succession. One or both hands may use.
15. A blocking player is entitled to a second lay at the ball. This second hit counts as the teams 1 st touch.
You are allowed to:
1. Serve from anywhere behind the end line.
2. Play the ball after it hits the net, even off of a serve.
3. Spike, or Volley the ball off of a serve.
4. Hit the ball with any part of the body.
5. Double contact the first ball that comes over the net.
6. Reach over the net to block, as long as it is the 3rd hit for the other team.
You are not allowed to:
 1. Block the serve.
2. Touch the net.
3. Cross the center line and interfere with play.
4. Scoop or carry the ball.
5. Double contact the ball.
6. Play the ball when it’s in the opponent’s side of the net
7. Block, if you are back row player
Side out:
1. A player holds or throws the ball.
2. The ball touches any part of the body, other than the hands or forearms.
3. A player touches the net with any part of the body or hands, or reaches over the net.
4. A player does not clearly hit the ball or allows the ball to come to rest on any part of the body.
5. A payer hits the ball out of the boundaries of the court.
6. A player allows the ball to hit the floor, or any object outside or over the court (except net), before
being legally returned to the opponent’s court.
7. A player touches the ball twice in succession.
EQUIPMENT IN PLAYING VOLLEYBALL INCLUDING THE STANDARD SIZE OF VOLLEYBALL COURT

 An indoor volleyball court is 18 meters long by 9 meters wide (59 feet by 29 feet, 6 inches), 9x9m
(29’6”x 29’6”) on each side of the net. According to FIVB rules, there must be 3m (9’10”) of free space
on all sides of the court.
 The attack line in volleyball court is 16x8m (52’6”x 26’3”).
 The net in women’s volleyball is 2.24 meters high.
Girls net:
1. Girls 12 and under play on a 2.13m net.
2. Girls 10 and under play on a 1.98m net.
3. Women 45 and up play on a 2.19m.
Boys net:
1. The net in men’s volleyball is 2.43m high.
2. Boys 12 and under play on a 2.13m net.
3. Men 55 and up play on a 2.38m net.
4. Men 70 and up play on a 2.29m net.
 Ball:
1. Regulation volleyball should be 65-67 centimeters in circumference and weigh 260-280 grams (9-10
Oz). the ball’s inside pressure should be 0.30-0.325 kg/cm2
BASIC SKILL IN PLAYING VOLLEYBALL
1. Serve/service
a. The float serve- it is used to keep opponents on their toes. In most cases, the receiver does not keep
an eye on the ball for its entire flight over the net. As a result, a float serve, which changes the
direction, can be most effective when opponents seem to be getting lazy.
b. The jump serve- is now prevalent at higher levels of competition. For the jump serve to be effective, it
must be accurately placed and hit very hard. When executed properly, this serve forces the passer to
move and to pass the ball outside of his or her body line. It is necessary for the jump serve to come
with a great deal of speed, decreasing the passer’s reaction time. Accuracy and speed are essential
elements of successful jump serving.
2. Dig pass- the digger must decide whether movement is necessary and what type of reception is needed to
dig. The velocity of the ball dictates how much the digger needs to absorb the ball or provide impetus to
the ball. The harder the attack, the more the digger needs to cushion the ball. If the attacked ball is so slow
impact ball, the digger might need to add impetus by lifting the legs or raising the arms slightly to add to
the desired flight. Ideally, a defender wants to take the ball low at the mid-line with contact made under
the ball.
a. The forearm dig- if the ball is hit low with velocity, the digger needs to use his or her forearm to
cushion the contact and allow the ball to be absorbed. All rule codes disallow the ball to come to rest,
resulting in an infraction whistled by the official; thus, too much cushion can cause an illegal contact. It
would be disadvantageous to dig a ball so low that the back-row setter has insufficient time to meet
the ball and make a decent attempt to set a hitter
3. Overhead pass and beach dig- the same techniques as the forearm dig can apply when digging a ball
overhead; however, caution should be taken because of the velocity of the attack. Hard driven balls taken
with finger are jammed or extended ball too far.
a. Setting- the setter needs to have his or her wrists “cocked” and fingers open to receive the ball. A
good teaching cue for preparing to set is for a player to put his or her hands “in the shape of the ball”
or pretend he or she is holding a cooler of water and then imaging dumoing that cooler of water onto
his or her own forehead. The entire finger pads should be used at contact because the greater the
surface area in contact with the ball, the greater the control.
b. Blocking- blocking attackers can quickly create a momentum change in your favor. Blocking needs
motivational standpoint, the risk factors involved in blocking provide a challenge and can be
counterproductive, and from a motor-learning viewpoint a skills is conducted while airborne often
develop more slowly.

BASIC SKILLS REPETITION

1. Service (float serve) 3 repetition
2. Service (jump serve) 3 repetition
3. Dig pass 50 counts
4. Setting 30 counts
5. Block 3 repetition
OFFICIATING OFFICIALS IN VOLLEYBALL
1. 1st referee: the head official and has the final authority in making decisions during the game. They enforce
the rules, call fouls, and manage the overall flow of the match.
2. 2nd referee: assists the first referee and helps with decisions such as ball in/out, net violations, foot faults,
and other infractions. They also manage the scorekeeping and timekeeping duties.
3. Line judges: responsible for determining whether the ball lands in or out of bounds along the sidelines and
end lines. They assist the referees in making accurate calls.
4. Scorekeeping: keeps track of the score and records the points, substitutions, and timeouts during the
match. They ensure that the score is accurately maintained and communicated to the teams and
spectators.
5. Assistant scorekeepers: assists the scorekeeper in their duties, ensuring that all actions and statistics are
recorded accurately.
6. Libero control: responsible for monitoring and managing the libero players’ substitutions and ensuring that
the rules regarding the libero position are followed.