Visual Inspection Procedure
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ScribdTranslationsVisual Inspection Procedure
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ScribdTranslationsCertification in Visual Inspection Method
Visual Inspection Procedure
Evaluation of the welds in three metal pieces that form
part of a structure, through non-destructive testing of
Visual Inspection.
Objectives
General:
Ensure the required surface integrity and compliance in the
welds of the metal pieces, through Inspection testing
Visual, considering the typical surface defects found.
Specifics:
Determine the surface quality in the welds
Detect the existing surface discontinuities in the
welds
Perform sizing in the welds
Scope
Determine the surface discontinuities present in the
welds, through Visual Inspection of the following pieces
metallic:
Plate of 26 x 19 cm, thickness = 1 cm, with a welding seam.
central of 2 cm wide measured at the crown
A piece of pipe with a diameter of 11 cm, 12 cm in length and
e = 5 mm, with a crown 15 mm wide
A trapezoidal plate, with dimensions 10, 20.5,
28.7, 1 and 11.8 cm diagonal, with a thickness of 5 mm. and a
crown width of 5 mm.
Materials and Equipment
Cambridge welding calibrator
Fillet weld gauge
Pit Gage Calibrator
Bevel Caliper
Vernier
Rules
Hi-Lo
Mirrors or amplifying lenses
Sandpapers
Wire brush
Picks
Standards and Reference Documents
AWS D1.1/D1.1 M:2010. STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE-
STEEL
ASME BPV CODE SECTION V. ARTICLE 9 VISUAL
EXAMINATION ED 2010
General Requirements
The visual inspection of the welds can start immediately
after the welding is complete and cooled to temperature
environment.
Inspection Technique
The inspection technique used is direct, which must
to be at a distance of no more than 30 cm in relation to the area
examined and at an angle no less than 30° degrees from the surface
treated.
As auxiliary tools, mirrors or other lenses can be used.
amplifiers.
Inspection Methodology:
The area of interest of the surface to be inspected and its zones
adjacent at least one (1) inch on each side, must be
dry and free from grease, oils, dust, rust, paint or any
strange component found in the material of
according to the ASME BPV CODE SECTION V guidelines.
ARTICLE 9 VISUAL EXAMINATION ED 2010
When chemical cleaning is required, the following can be used
common cleaning agents such as detergents, solvents
organic, paint removers, etc.
When mechanical cleaning is required, the following can be used
rotary steel tools (brush), tools of
impact, grinders, Samblasting, etc.
Dimensional inspection will be carried out using calipers.
according to the type of welding present
Indications that must be recorded:
All surface conditions will be recorded.
welds, in the report sheets. This information must contain the
detailed description regarding the size and extent of the condition.
These conditions are:
Cracks or fissures
Poros
Chomps (edge bites)
Lack of penetration
Lack of unity
Corrosion, erosion, pitting
Scratches, scuffs
Loss of component integrity
Distortion
The points where discontinuities are detected will be marked,
to define their location. It should be considered as
start the reference mark (origin) and, successively, the direction of the
flow, from north to south, from east to west, from bottom to top.
Evaluation of indications
The evaluation of the surface discontinuities will be carried out by
direct sizing.
Acceptance and Rejection Criteria
All conditions that exceed the reference level will be
sent for repair
Any crack or fissure is unacceptable, regardless of
size or location
There must be complete fusion between the weld cords, and
between the base metal and the welding
All the craters must be filled in order to provide the
specified weld size, except for the ends of
the welds outside of their effective length
The presence of clustered pores will not be accepted.
Welding profiles must be in accordance with the
Figure 5.4. The faces of the welds may be slightly
convex, flat or slightly concave
CRITERIA APPLIED FOR A 26X19X1 CM IRON
WITH A CENTRAL WELDING CORD OF 2 CM OF
WIDTH MEASURED AT THE CROWN (NON-TUBULAR CONNECTION
STATICALLY CHARGED)
The size of the weld bead could be smaller than nominal.
specified (L), without rectification for the following measures (U):
L U
Nominal size of solder. spec, inch (mm) Allowed reduction of L, in (mm)
≥ 5/16 (8) ≤ 1/8 (3)
The undersized portion must not exceed 10% of the length of
welding (≤26 mm)
The undercutting (edge bites) should not exceed 1/32"
(1mm). Exception: the excavations should not exceed 1/16"
up to a length of 2” (50mm) at any length of
12” (300mm)
The sum of the diameters of the pores equal to or greater than 1/32"
(0.8mm) shall not exceed 3/8" (10mm) in any linear inch
of welding (25mm) and will not exceed 3/4" (20mm) in any
welding length of 12" (300mm)
CRITERIA APPLIED FOR A 11 CM PIPE SECTION
OF DIAMETER, 12 CM IN LENGTH AND 5 MM IN THICKNESS,
WITH A 15 MM WIDE CROWN (TUBULAR CONNECTION)
The size of the weld bead could be smaller than nominal.
specified (L), without rectification for the following measurements (U):
L U
Nominal size of weld. spec, inch (mm) Allowed reduction of L, inch (mm)
≥ 5/16 (8) ≤ 1/8 (3)
The undersized portion must not exceed 10% of the length of
welding (≤38 mm).
The excavations should not be greater than 1/32" (1mm) of
depth
The porosity frequency should not exceed 1 pore in 4 inches.
(100mm) in length and the maximum diameter must be 3/32"
(2.5mm)
CRITERIA APPLIED FOR A PLATE IN THE SHAPE OF
TRAPECIUM, WITH DIMENSIONS 10, 20.5, 28.7, 1 AND 11.8 CM OF
DIAGONAL, WITH A THICKNESS OF 5 MM AND A WIDTH OF
5 MM CROWN (STATIC NON-TUBULAR CONNECTION)
LOADED
The size of the weld bead could be smaller than nominal.
specified (L), without rectification for the following measurements (U):
L U
Nominal size of welding. spec, inch (mm) Allowed reduction of L, in (mm)
≤ 3/16 (5) <=1/16 (2)
The undersized portion must not exceed 10% of the length of
welding (≤10 mm).
The undermining (edge bites) should not exceed 1/32".
(1mm). Exception: the indentations must not exceed 1/16"
(2mm) up to a length of 2" (50mm) at any length of
12 inches (300 mm)
The sum of the diameters of the pores greater than or equal to 1/32"
(0.8mm) shall not exceed 3/8" (10mm) in any linear inch
welding (25mm) and shall not exceed 3/4” (20mm) in any
welding length of 12" (300mm)