Theoretical framework

History of fashion
The word fashion comes from the Latin (modus) which translated into Spanish means (mode or
measure). This clothing began with the appearance of Homo Sapiens who initially
he covered himself with animal skins. During the Paleolithic period, humans lived in a
ice age, for which the main reason to cover oneself was to protect against the cold.
thanks to this event, the invention of the sewing needle was born, since with these
they allowed sewing the skins together and making garments shaped to the
body.
In Egypt, there are already traces of highly elaborated garments made with linen, the main material.
to make fabrics. dressing was a privilege of the upper classes, while
the plebeians and slaves went almost naked. The base of their garments was the shentil,
a piece of linen that wrapped around the hips, held with a belt. The main garment of
Women's clothing was the blouse, a long and tight tunic of different colors according to the
social position: white was for peasant women, red or saffron for higher ranks.
With the birth of the first civilizations and their subsequent development, of fashion
it obtained a symbolic character by reflecting the social status of people, an aspect that
it remained until the Middle Ages. There, the new models of beauty and colors are born.
fabrics and garments cease to have a single functional character and their manufacturing
specializes.
By the Middle Ages, human fashion had already evolved; women had stopped.
you wear long dresses and they adopted them as two pieces, the long skirts and the corsets and the
men wore doublets which were garments that covered the area from the shoulders down to the
belt and wide long pants, the footwear was dominated by shoes and boots of
leather, silk, and velvet, and high heels for men as well as for women.
Fashion was not only about clothing or footwear, accessories were also born.
they were generally used by women such as necklaces, earrings and the
bracelets that were generally made of gold, silver, or bronze. And for the hair in ancient
In Greece and Egypt, pins, ribbons, and tiaras were used to gather the hair.
hair. As for the Middle Ages, women wore more elaborate hairstyles.
It was normal to dye hair blonde, wear wigs, or cover the hair with veils.
They also used tiaras, brooches, and diadems.
Fashion in modern times has also evolved with man's clothing.
the man's current style consists of tight long pants and shirts up to the hip, they
They replaced the doublets with simple cotton cloaks or leather jackets.
Women's clothing is no longer corsets and long skirts; they have now been replaced by
bell-bottom pants and short blouses, dresses are no longer long and made of fur
heavy now they are shorts, new short pants called shorts were created while
that footwear is no longer sandals tied with leather straps, now they are shoes
fabric-covered shoes called tennis while the woman continues to use and adapt the
heels.
Types of fashion

In the world, trends are continuously updated, colors change, the

lines and textures. The designers, the fashion houses are responsible for setting
the trend of the moment creating new lines of clothing for every occasion or
activity in which one will participate.
Sporty fashion
This arises from the fusion of the sport in which designs are sought for practice.
sportswear is suitable for urban life. Sports fashion promotes the practice of sports already
that provides comfort and style for consumers.
Casual fashion

This type of fashion is linked to randomness and comfort, it is an informal style where there is no
There are no rules or labels since it combines elegant fashion with urban style; this is fashion.
that we generally adopt for everyday life.
High fashion
This type of fashion refers to those garments that are made by professionals.
like tailors or designers tailored to the consumer. Generally in fashion of
haute couture uses expensive and sophisticated textiles, which are often made from
artisanal way. Among the haute couture garments, we can find the dresses and
formal clothing and exclusive designs. When making garments
in haute couture, the designer must consider different aspects such as aesthetic value
of the garment, the style of the person who will wear it, and the place where the design will be showcased.

Pioneers of fashion
These characters throughout history created and introduced trends that marked and
they changed the fashion in society.

Louis XIV of France

This French king imposed the fashion of the French suit, which was adopted by all nations.
and social classes of that time.
Charles Frederick Worth
He is widely known as 'the father of haute couture' and the person who created the
fashion as an industry and art making its designs the most desired of the time
by the wealthiest women of the time.
Jacques Doucet
He was a French designer known as 'the creator of haute couture' because he was
the first to sign his pieces as a work of art, recognized for his extravagant
and eye-catching designs of lingerie and luxury accessories for women.

He was also a mentor to several emerging designers who revolutionized the industry.
fashion like Paul Poiret and Madeline Vionnet
Paul Poiret
French designer who was dubbed 'the king of fashion' due to his contributions.
they created the foundations for modern fashion. Poiret was responsible for the liberation
feminine in the clothing disappearing the corset and creating the wide tunnel silhouette at the waist
and the half-step skirt. It also creates the spectacle of the runways and the idea of
fashion brands as a symbol of a luxurious status life.
Gabrielle Chanel
Better known as Coco Chanel, she was a French designer who dominated fashion of the
haute couture for more than 60 years. She was the creator of the simplest women's dress of the
knee-length skirt with a straight cut, inspiring women from all over the world to
abandon those uncomfortable and complicated garments like corsets and long skirts.
Christian Dior
He was the most important designer after the Second World War. He returns the
femininity to the woman after the masculinized clothing that the war would have left.

The Dior house is still one of the most important fashion houses today.
world.
Jean Paul Gautier
Known as 'the rebel boy of fashion' because his designs do not follow the
traditional social standards. Known for promoting controversial styles such as the
skirts for men, the use of models with non-traditional bodies in the industry
at this time.
Most important fashion events
It is no secret that events in the fashion industry worldwide are
indispensable for fashion houses, as it benefits them both economically
commercially, they are also important for showcasing new trends
of fashion.
New York Fashion Week
Undoubtedly, this is the most important event in the fashion industry known worldwide.
worldwide. It was primarily designed to attract the attention of the followers of the
French fashion events during World War II, when designers
they could not attend Paris to witness the fashion events.
Paris Fashion Week
If we talk about glamorous elegance, we find this in fashion week.
Paris. This event has been organized since 1973, it is one of the most
important as designers from all over the world present their annually
incredible designs.
The Met Gala: It is a charity event that takes place on the first Monday of the month of May.
This marks the beginning of the annual fashion exhibition of the Muso Institute of Dress.
metropolitan of New York City. Undoubtedly, the Met Gala is one of the events
most important social aspects of fashion, the funds raised at the gala constitute the
annual budget for the metropolitan museum of the city of New York.
Sustainable Fashion

It is no secret that global warming is a worldwide issue that

it concerns us all nowadays. That's why textile industries are required to make
changes in their textile product production.
Sustainable fashion is a new concept of design and textile production whose purpose
It is to create a new model of production, based on sustainability and responsibility.
social.
What is sustainable fashion based on?
Sustainable fashion in the manufacturing of clothing and different products taking into account the
reduction of environmental impacts throughout the production chain, using
more eco-friendly materials or those with a lower impact on environmental pollution.
In addition, it contributes to creating a socially fairer trade, betting on a
better economic and working conditions for workers.
Benefits of sustainable fashion
There are multiple benefits that sustainable fashion has for the textile sector.
Next, we will name some of them.
Contribute to the care and conservation of our environment
Reduction of energy consumption as well as water and natural resources
Help attract those consumers, suppliers, and employees to
bet on sustainability and implement sustainable consumption habits
Encourages recycling and the reuse of second-hand clothing.
It is produced in small collections which avoids the pollution they generate.
the machines used for the manufacture of textile products.
Sustainable fashion bets on the quality of the garments as its objective is
to create garments with a long durability life.