EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT ON THE GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF

PEA SEEDS
María Paula Rubiano González - Agricultural Engineering
National University of Colombia
General Biology
Professor Cindy Cardona Claros

SUMMARY 18° C, with a maximum average of 21°C and a minimum of

9°C
This work was done with the aim of knowing millimeters of water well distributed during the
the effects of pea seed submission cultivation, with its peak demand stage being the
(Pisum sativum), leguminous plant of the family blooming. These conditions may be seen
Fabaceae, under different conditions regarding its confronted appropriately since the
environment, achieving to establish what are the
average temperature at which they will be found
conditions that benefit the growth of the Materas has a maximum average of 18.2°C,
plant. Peas were sown in pots placed on corresponding to the city of Bogotá; regarding
different conditions for 25 days, each one loose soil with conditions will be used on the ground
throwing different results. It was obtained that the adequate and as a point of comparison for the
better conditions are natural light and how analysis of the growth of the seeds to be sown
germination habitat to the land. The conditions the cotton floor, where both will have
to take into account were: natural light, red light and
water supply of 50 milliliters daily to
cotton and soil as habitat, although the each matera will be subjected to different
experiment on a short-lived being will have a conditions of light sources, since apart from that the
low reliability degree, it is expected to be able to
natural light will be exposed to colored light
establish exact conclusions that predict their red. This way we can establish as a question to
long-term growth under the specifics develop: what are the conditions under which
conditions. the plants will manage to germinate and grow with greater
INTRODUCTION efficiency and ease?

The pea is a legume that, like most... OBJECTIVES:

it has a high content of protein and fiber,
Achieve control over the conditions
being itself an excellent source of specifics that are wanted to be studied and
minerals. It is also worth noting the high
establish the consequences that bring
amount of folates it provides and the content
each of them as a factor to consider
balanced in other B group vitamins,
in account in germination, growth
essential for energy production, the
and survival of each of the
nervous function y the metabolism of
plants.
carbohydrates, in Colombia it is the second crop
Establish through measurements that
in importance after the bean generates enough
set of conditions achieved a
information on how to prove its intake
better efficiency result in the
moderate is appropriate for the human body. To
pea plants
take into account the conditions for cultivation of
peas generally require a soil of HYPOTHESIS:
medium texture, silty or clayey-sandy
with an effective depth of 45 to 60 centimeters, Based on the different conditions
well-drained, rich in organic matter, pH or necessary to obtain results
acidity is 5.5 to 6.5 and nutrient availability; efficient in pea crops, they
it is usually grown in cold and temperate climates, one can conclude that the plant subjected to
at altitudes above sea level that range from the natural light and has as its floor the
1,800 to 2,800 meters, optimal temperature of 13 to land will achieve better results due to
 to which the pea has a root development first day of germination. One of the
deep, which could be limited by plants like the control that will have the function of
the cotton since its texture that does not be a reference for data collection to carry out a
it would allow for easy root penetration, registration and comparison.
on the other hand, the lack of nutrients and
microorganisms that benefit the For collecting the data, a table was created in the
growth y germination does not know which illustrates the measures of each of the
you find presents; on the other hand the plants and the evident changes that are observed,
exposure to natural light should be the amount of water that was added to each plant
every two days since its planting and how it
find more efficient because this
it has a better source of food and I modified this amount according to the requirements.
also on the ground it can store the observed in each plant; two measures were created
water that is not needed of control, one that is the total measure of the plant
H is a measurement corresponding to the height of the stem
immediately and use it later or it
the earth will be able to evaporate. up to the neck (where the first page starts) C.

MATERIALS AND METHODS The 4 plants known as the following

to be able to make the relevant comparisons:
The following were used for the experiment
materials: Plant 1 (Control): cotton substrate,
natural light.
16 pea seeds Plant 2: soil substrate, natural light.
4 plastic planters Plant 3: cotton substrate, red light.
Cotton (substrate) Plant 4: soil substrate, red light.
Soil (substrate)
Note: the red bulb used for the light of the
Lamp with red bulb
Plants 3 and 4 are 15 V.
measuring cup
Control sheet The day of sowing the seeds was on the 8th of
Rule September 2016, counting as day 1 of
sowing, the first control was made on day 5 of
Soil was arranged as substrate in two pots and
the planting and from there there was an interval of
cotton in the other two, in each of the
5 to 7 days from the control days where it was found
In the beds, 4 seeds are planted obviously.
a significant change.
those corresponding to the soil substrate are
they are sown at a depth of 2 centimeters and the Table 1 shows the changes that were
corresponding to the cotton were arranged in the observed, describing the day from planting,
the noticeable changes, the changes in quantity of
cotton forming a kind of little bag. Added
water if necessary and the measures of silver H and
50 mL of water to each one, regarding the source of
from the stem to the neck C.
the living rooms will receive natural light, one of
DISCUSSION
soil substrate and the other in cotton substrate,
the other two each corresponding to a From the observations and measurements
substrate will have a lamp as a light source obtained it is concluded that plant 2 (earth–
with a red light that will remain on for 11 hours light) is the one that achieves the best results from
day, equal to the average of full natural light that growth, this due to the conditions to
It has a day and they will receive the other subjects. The those to which the plant was exposed are the suitable ones
the experiment will last for 25 days under of this type of plants, since it has a
a follow-up with special note of the soil with nutrients for the formation of its
important changes that can be observed. energy and support for growth, being a
Initially, a substrate of soil was made in a planted in a pot, salinity is controlled and
irrigation so that the seeds do not find themselves in the acidity with greater ease, taking into account
dry land and begin the absorption of water and its prior that the coverings of the pea seeds, the
swelling to take on planting day as heads, have holes or micropiles, which
they absorb water and eventually soften and believe that in the deficiency of natural light the
fragments the seed coverings. The plants tend to grow more, since plants
roots exert pressure outward and toward they seek the light, in front of sunlight the plants do not
down, establishing the first roots. the roots they grow a lot, as they start to run out of
of this species are covered by tiny water (4).
hairs that conduct nutrients from the soil, for this
the roots must establish quickly so that
the plumes can send their shoots towards the
surface. Once the surface of the ground is
travesada, the tiny daughters open up as they progress
that the stems stretch upwards. The
tiny leaves already have the necessary chlorophyll
to obtain energy from the sun in addition to water and
carbon dioxide to produce sugars and
starches that plants need in
growth. The structures of the roots
the pea plants will be sustained until the
the photosynthesis process has begun. on the other
side How can we evidence in the table the
the plant that had the greatest progress was plant 2
(earth–solar light) this is due to the factors affecting
the one that was exposed is the most suitable for
this species since it develops more
efficiency in soils that are not very saline like that of
this experiment as it is planted in a soil
controlled and not directly on the ground, moreover,
on the contrary of what the results show

Plants
Number of Days
Plant 1 Floor 2 Floor 3 Plant 4
1 Irrigation 50 ml. Irrigation 50 ml. Irrigation 50 ml. Irrigation 50 ml.
Cover rupture Water absorption and cover rupture seminal in
seminal, slight swelling of the seed, rupture of three of the four seeds,
delay in relation to the seed cover and emergence of the hypocotyl
5
the plants 2 and 3, four seeds and in just one, I water 15 ml,
increased irrigation to sighting of lesser cedrela lower water consumption
15 ml in all, watering 20ml in front of the other plants No changes
Appearance of
hipocotyl of
green color There is evident hypocotyl
dark, alone in developed in 2 seeds, The seeds him
3 seeds, without showing elevation in the swelling due to the
7 show Light roots outside of the two stems. Death from water absorption,
growth land, higher elevation seeds that do not occur breaking of
evident in front of the other plants. They did not develop and appeared covered seminal
stem. Appearance shows growth of leaves, two spotting sheets of
first thing with growth approximately 1 cm (C: hypocotyl, irrigation of
cotyledons. constant. (C: 9cm) 9 cm, H: 19 cm 15 ml.
 If while
Fall of small filaments
cover of grass, thing
seminal irregular crescent,
appearance of firmer hypocotyl in since a few days ago
13 epicolito, the 4 stems fall regarding the of progress and in
cover other plants, abundant The stem takes on a color more others do not. The stem is
seminal. leaves from 1 to 4 cm, drop of intense compared to the others raises 7 cm and are made.
Increase of seed cover. You stipulate plants, appearance of 3 to 4 visible roots with
irrigation 20 ml. (C: asymmetrical. (C: 12 cm, H: leaves per stem of 1 to 4 cm. coloration green
4, H:10 cm 25 cm. (C: 3cm, H: 19cm) dark.
Low altitude level and
growth in
If observe comparison of the
few changes. The irrigation increased to 80 ml, others 3 plants,
20
Leaves of 2 cm, death of a stem and weak stems are observed, they grow firsts
stipulates the appearance of 2 new hours 1 falling
cm. to one side, risk of leaf watering
symmetrical (C: for each stem (C: 17 cm, H: 20ml, lower consumption of symmetrical stipules.
3cm, H:20cm 40 cm water. (H: 25 cm) (C: 5cm, H:9cm)
Appearance of 3
leaves per each Degradation of seeds not Appearance of two
stem and death New birth of stem, germinated, 4 new leaves hours, leaves
of one, it is lush Large grass by stem of 3 to 5 between 1 and 4 cm, it
25
they wilt the approximately 1 cm long stems of 35 observe changes
daughter cotyledons between 1 and 7 cm. A stem cm. Degradation of favorable conditions, rupture of
C:15 cm, H:25 dead is degraded by the ungerminated seeds 2 missing seeds.
(C:9.1 in, H:17.7 in) land. (H:28) (C:7, H:13)

because the water must be distributed throughout the

land and also in the plant contrary to the plant
ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS 4 that are also on land but with very low consumption
At the end of the experiment, it was confirmed that the of water because possibly the land does not
most suitable factors for optimal growth evaporated due to temperatures that did not
they increased too much without having a direct relationship
and prevalent in the short term was the land not very
saline and sunlight or natural light, hence the hypothesis with sunlight.
I do not refute the proposed, these are the most suitable already.
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