KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN
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NOTA KURSUS 1
SEMESTER SEMESTER 4 DVM SESI 2019/2020
JABATAN JABATAN TEKNOLOGI MEKANIKAL & PEMBUATAN
PROGRAM DIPLOMA TEKNOLOGI AUTOMATIF / DVM
KOD/KURSUS DMD 4323 VEHICLE SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
KOMPETENSI 1.0 VEHICLE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
1.1 Maintenance Schedule of Vehicle
KOMPETENSI
1.2 Vehicle Maintenance Service
UNIT
Trainee must be able to:
1. Explain services maintenance job referring to vehicle maintenance schedule.
(C2, PLO3)
KOMPETENSI
2. Demonstrate service maintenance referring to vehicle maintenance schedule.
PEMBELAJARAN
(P3, PLO2)
3. Report vehicle condition based on the inspection result. (A2, PLO4)
DMD 4323/K 1/NK 01-02
NO KOD MUKA : 01 DARIPADA 06
EDISI 2/MEI 2019
Car Maintenance Schedule
NO. KOD DMD 4323/K1/NK 01-01 Muka : 2 drp : 6
By following a car maintenance schedule, you can help prevent major problems
before they occur. Not only that, but keeping a detailed record of your car's
maintenance history can help improve its resale value, too.
Many manufacturers use a 30-60-90 schedule, meaning certain items need to be
inspected, changed, or replaced at 30,000, 60,000, and 90,000 miles. But if you’re
like most drivers, you may wonder if every suggested maintenance checkpoint in
your car manual is essential for the health and well-being of your car. Some items,
like rubber gaskets and hoses, windshield wiper blades, and tires, will wear out at
irregular intervals. These “consumables” will need to be checked periodically, either
by your mechanic or via your own visual inspection. For everything else, this car
maintenance guide explains what you should do and why you should do it.
Regular Maintenance
Oil and Oil Filter
Your oil and oil filter need to be changed regularly, because as an engine runs, tiny
bits of metal, dirt, and carbon end up in the oil and can cause excessive wear on the engine.
The non-synthetic oil that was traditionally used in the past always had a 3,000-mile rule of
thumb, but most cars today run on synthetic, which can safely last between 5,000 and 10,000
miles, depending on the type.
Maintenance Before 30,000 Miles
NO. KOD DMD 4323/K1/NK 01-01 Muka : 3 drp : 6
Air Filter
A clogged air filter makes it harder for your engine to breathe, and that can negatively
impact performance. 15,000 to 30,000 miles is a good rule; if you park or drive in a dusty
environment, change the air filter closer to 15,000 miles
Fuel Filter
If your fuel filter gets clogged, the engine will run rough, or not at all. Manufacturer
suggestions on fuel filters vary widely, but some recommend replacing your filter as early as
30,000 miles. Your best option is to ask your mechanic to perform a pressure test to
determine the health of your fuel filter.
Maintenance Before 60,000 Miles
Battery
NO. KOD DMD 4323/K1/NK 01-01 Muka : 4 drp : 6
Extreme temperatures, age, and long periods of non-use affect batteries. Keep in mind that
batteries are warrantied and pro-rated by time, not mileage, and are designed to wear out.
Most batteries will last four or five years, which puts the average driver right around 50,000 to
60,000 miles.
Brake Fluid
Your brakes are engaged through a hydraulic system. But when the fluid in that system is
contaminated by water, its boiling point is lowered, and it can turn to gas—which is
compressible. This leads to a “squishy” brake pedal. To ensure that your brakes work as
advertised, bleed your brake system of its fluid and replace with new brake fluid according to
your vehicle’s manual. Most manufacturers recommend doing this every 20,000 to 45,000
miles.
Brake Pads/Shoes
Brake pads and shoes are designed to wear out, and usually make screeching noises when
they need to get replaced. Have them checked on a regular basis. A good set can last up to
50,000 miles.
Brake Rotors
Your brakes work by squeezing the pads against metal discs (called rotors) to slow the
vehicle. Rotors get subjected to lots of heat due to the friction between them and the brake
pads, and they can warp over time. You can either replace your rotors or have their surface
ground down so they are smooth again at roughly 60,000 miles. Re-surfacing your rotors is
the less-expensive option, but can be done only once per set.
Coolant
A mix of water and antifreeze flows through your radiator to cool your car. If you lose too
much coolant, the engine will overheat, which can cause severe damage. Plan to replace
your coolant at 60,000 miles, and make sure your mechanic flushes the entire cooling system
while they’re at it.
Transmission Fluid
Low transmission-fluid levels will cause shifting problems and can burn up the transmission.
It is important to monitor your transmission fluid regularly, rather than adhere to a specific
mileage marker. Healthy fluid will be pink and smell sweet, while bad transmission fluid will
be darker red, or even brown, and smell burnt. Many cars will keep a transmission-fluid
dipstick toward the back of the engine bay (the windshield side). However, some cars don’t
have a dipstick for transmission fluid at all, and low or contaminated fluid will instead light a
warning light on the dashboard—often the “check engine” light.
NO. KOD DMD 4323/K1/NK 01-01 Muka : 5 drp : 6
Generally, if you have a manual transmission, plan to change the transmission fluid between
30,000 and 60,000 miles. That said, a vehicle under heavy strain (like a truck used to tow a
boat or trailer) should have its manual transmission fluid changed at more frequent intervals.
Likewise, automatic transmission fluid has a lifespan ranging from 30,000 to well over
100,000 miles. Consult your vehicle’s manual before bringing an automatic to your mechanic.
Maintenance Before 90,000 Miles
Hoses
The hoses on your car carry coolant and, if you have it, power steering fluid. As the rubber
ages, cracks can form, and a busted hose will cause trouble in a hurry, so have them
checked and changed as needed, particularly as your car approaches 6-figure mileage.
Power Steering Fluid
Low power steering fluid will cause hard steering or excessive noise while turning the wheel.
Plan to flush and replace your power steering fluid around 75,000 miles, or when problems
arise.
Spark Plugs/Ignition System
When components of your ignition system fail, you may get a “check engine” light on the
dash, hard starting, or rough running. Your mechanic will be able to plug a laptop into your
car to look for a “code” that will tell them what needs to be replaced.
NO. KOD DMD 4323/K1/NK 01-01 Muka : 6 drp : 6
The timing depends largely on the type of spark plugs you have in your car. Most new cars
use iridium or titanium spark plugs, which can sometimes last up to 100,000 miles, let alone
90,000. But be careful: Cheaper spark plugs, made of copper, are still in use and typically
need to be replaced by 30,000 miles.
Timing Belt
Cars that use a timing belt rather than a timing chain need to worry about this bit of
maintenance. We recommend changing your belt pre-emptively between 75,000 and 90,000
miles, as a belt failure can lead to catastrophic damage (and leave you stranded by the side
of the road). If your car uses a timing chain rather than a belt, you should still ask your
mechanic to inspect it, as the links in the chain can stretch, but it should last well into 6-figure
mileage.
The Bottom Line
Keep in mind that these milestones are just guidelines, and your car’s owner’s
manual should be consulted for a more precise maintenance schedule. Also consider how
you drive—aggressive driving tends to wear things out faster. City driving tends to be harder
on cars than highway driving, and many items on your car are designed to wear out, so you
should plan to keep an eye on these consumable parts. Plenty of expensive repairs can be
avoided simply by performing regular maintenance. Monitoring fluids is critical—familiarize
yourself with your oil and transmission-fluid dipsticks. Be diligent, be observant, and drive
safely.
