Z…Zxq Aa¨vq

BDwbU 10 wk¶vµg: cwiKíbv I Dbœqb

[Curriculum: Planning and Development]

f‚wgKv
wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci wk¶vµg aviYvi e¨vcK cÖPvi I cÖmvi N‡U| d‡j Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
Ges Dbœqb m¤ú‡K© cÖej AvMÖn Rv‡M| G mg‡q we‡k¦i A‡bK †`k Jcwb‡ewkK kvmb †_‡K
¯^vaxbZv jvf K‡i d‡j Pwjøk `k‡Ki †klva© †_‡KB wk¶vµg Dbœqb m¤ú‡K© cÖPzi
wPšÍvfvebv ïiæ nq| wk¶vµ‡gi cÖe³v ivdUvBjvi 1949 mv‡j me©cÖ_g wk¶vµg Dbœqb
cÖwµqv ZË¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib| AZtci wk¶vµg cÖYqb m¤ú‡K© huviv ZË¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib Zuviv n‡jb
wnjWv Zvev (1962), ûBjvi (1967), Kvi (1968), wjDB (1977), BivU (1975) cÖgyL
we‡klÁMY| Zuv‡`i wk¶vµg Dbœqb ZË¡ wek¦e¨vcx mgv`„Z nq| AZtci wk¶vµg m¤ú‡K©
gvby‡li Pvwn`v e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbvq bvbv gvÎv †hvM nq| KviY
wk¶vµg nj wk¶v e¨e¯’vi cÖvY †K›`ª| ZvQvov wk¶v nj mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi GKwU kw³kvjx
nvwZqvi| d‡j wk¶vµg cÖYq‡b bvbv g‡Wj D™¢veb Kiv n‡”Q Ges wk¶v n‡q DV‡Q Rxeb
Nwbô|

eZ©gv‡b wk¶vµg‡K AviI Rxeb NwbôKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ wk¶v_x©‡K wk¶vµg Dbœq‡b †K›`ªwe›`y
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv n‡”Q| Avi GB wk¶v_x©i mvwe©K weKv‡ki Rb¨ wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi bvbv
gvÎv Ges wKQy AZ¨vek¨Kxq we‡eP¨ w`K ms‡hvwRZ n‡”Q| †m¸‡jv nj: wk¶v e¨e¯’v,
we`¨vjq e¨e¯’vcbv, mgv‡Ri Pvwn`v, cÖvß my‡hvM myweav, wk¶vµg Dbœqb aviv, `xN©‡gqv`x
RvZxq Dbœqb cwiKíbv, wk¶K cªwk¶Y Kvh©µg Ges m‡ev©cwi gvbe m¤ú` Dbœqb
G¸‡jv‡K mwµq we‡ePbvq G‡b wk¶vµg cÖYqb Kiv n‡”Q|

Giƒc Rxeb Nwbô wk¶vµg cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡j wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv I Dbœqb welqK
ev¯Íe wfwËK g‡Wj AbymiY Kiv `iKvi| eZ©gv‡b AvÂwjK †`kmg~‡n I ewntwe‡k¦
wk¶vµg cwiKíbvq I Dbœq‡b wewfbœ †KŠkj I g‡Wj Abym„Z n‡”Q †m¸‡jv‡K eZ©gvb
BDwb‡U PviwU cv‡V Dc¯’vcb Kiv nj:

cvV- 10.1: wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi aviYv, we‡eP¨ w`K I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

cvV- 10.2: AvaywbK wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi iƒc‡iLv
cvV- 10.3: wk¶vµg Dbœqb ZË¡ I g‡Wj
cvV- 10.4: AvaywbK wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠkj
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 10.1 wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi aviYv, we‡eP¨ w`K I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb−

wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi aviYv I cwimi eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wk¶vµg cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi we‡eP¨ w`Kmg‚n wee„Z Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

cwiKíbvi aviYv †h †Kvb KvR myôzfv‡e m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ c~e© cwiKíbv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e Kv‡Ri cÖK…wZi
Dci cwiKíbv wbf©i K‡i| †hgb- GKwU ivg~v ev `vjvb wKsev Rjhvb A_ev GKwU wkíKg©
‰Zwii Rb¨ KZ Rbej, mgq, A_©, mvgvwRK mn‡hvwMZv, im`, wbivcËv, `¶ we‡klÁ
BZ¨vw` `iKvi n‡e Ges KLb, Kvi ev †KvbwUi `iKvi n‡e mewKQyB GB cwiKíbvi A½|
wKš‘ wk¶vµg cwiKíbv, iv¯Ív NvU ev `vjvb †KvVv ˆZwi †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wfbœZi| KviY
wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi cÖvq meUzKz wewfbœ wel‡qi we‡klÁ, wk¶K cÖwk¶K, †kªwY wk¶K,
wk¶v cÖkvmK I e¨e¯’vcK, wk¶vµg we‡klÁ, wk¶v cwiKíbvwe`, welq we‡klÁ, bKkv
AsKbKvix, g~`ªb we‡klÁ, QvÎ Ges nvRvi nvRvi we`¨vj‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ| GQvov wk¶vµg
nj fwelr cªRb¥‡K `¶ Rbm¤ú` wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjvi evg~e wfwËK iƒc‡iLv| ZvB
wk¶vµg cwiKíbvq †h me w`‡K m‡PZb fv‡e ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z nq Gi cÖavb w`K¸‡jv nj:
1. cwiKíbv MÖnY Kivi c~‡e© AZ¨vek¨Kxq w`K †hgb- RvZxq `k©b, wk¶v `k©b, RvZxq
Dbœqb Kg©KvÛ, mvgvwRK I g‡bvˆeÁvwbK w`K I g~j¨‡eva|
2. mgv‡Ri Kvw•LZ g~j¨‡eva, wk¶vi Pvwn`v, †`‡k I we‡`‡k cÖ‡hŠw³K cwieZ©b aviv,
RvZxq Av`k© mgybœZKiY cÖwµqv|
3. mgv‡Ri cÖwZwôZ AZxZ I Pjgvb K…wó I HwZn¨ msi¶‡Yi gva¨‡g RvZxqZv‡eva
mgybœZKiY|
4. mgv‡Ri Pvwn`v I cwieZ©‡bi Pvc (BwZevPK/†bwZevPK) wk¶v_x© I wk¶KMY‡K
AewnZKiY Ges AvMvgx w`‡b wKiƒc `¶ Rbkw³ mgv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡e Zv
AuvPKi‡Y mnvqZv KiY|
5. mvgvwRK gh©v`v e„w×Ki‡Y ivR‰bwZK, Avw_©K, gvbe m¤ú` wewb‡qv‡Mi aib Ges weÁvb
I cÖhyw³i cwieZ©‡bi m‡½ wgj †i‡L wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv cÖYqbKiY|

cwiKíbvi cwimi wk¶vµg cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi c~‡e© Gi cwimi m¤ú‡K© cwiKíbv cÖYqbKvix ev ms¯’vi
cy‡ivcywi aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e| †Kej GKwU †kªwYi GKwU wel‡qi Rb¨ wk¶vµg cÖYqb
cwiKíbv ˆZwi Ki‡Z †h Rbej, mgq, A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb n‡e hw` GKwU wk¶vg~‡ii
(cÖv_wgK/gva¨wgK) mKj †kªwYi mKj wel‡qi wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv ‰Zwi Ki‡Z nq
Z‡e cÖ‡qvRbxq meB AvbycvwZK nv‡i A‡bK †ewk jvM‡e| GQvov †Kvb bZzb we‡kl wel‡q-
†hgb ÒKw¤úDUvi weÁvbÓ wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡j mvaviY wk¶vi
(†hgb mvgvwRK weÁvb ev MwYZ) GKwU wel‡qi †P‡q LiP A‡bK A‡bK †ewk jvM‡e|

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 118

 ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi we‡eP¨ w`K wn‡m‡e BDwbfvwm©wU Ae mvD_ c¨vwmwdK 1981 mv‡j
wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi
wb‡gœv³¸‡jv‡K wPwýZ K‡i‡Q| GB we‡eP¨ w`K¸‡jv me©Rbxb|
we‡eP¨ w`K

wm×všÍ MÖnY- ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡bi bvbv mgm¨v mgvav‡bi mwVK Dcvq mbv³Ki‡Y mnvqZv
cÖ`vb Kiv |

m‡Z¨i mÜvb- wewfbœ e³e¨ †_‡K †KvbwU mZ¨ Zv wbav©iY Ki‡Z cviv Ges m‡Z¨i
Abymvix nIqv|

Rxeb aviY `¶Zv- Rxebgvb DbœZKi‡Y I Kvh©m¤úv`‡b-mvaviY nvwZqvi I hš¿cvwZ

`¶Zvi mv‡_ e¨envi Ki‡Z cviv|

cwiewZ©Z Ae¯’vi m‡½ wb‡R‡K gvwb‡q †bIqv- Ávb, mgvR I mvgvwRK g~j¨‡eva
cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ m‡PZbfv‡e wbR‡K gvwb‡q †bIqvi †hvM¨Zv AR©b Kiv|

bv›`wbK †mŠ›`h©- e¨w³i AvPvi AvPi‡Y wkí I †mŠ›`h©‡ev‡ai cÖKvk NUv‡bv|

weÁvb I cÖhyw³i AMÖMwZi d‡j e¨w³ I mgvR Rxe‡bi Pvwn`v A‡bK †e‡o †M‡Q| Gme
Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Rb¨ wk¶vµ‡g AviI bZzb bZzb w`K ms‡hvRb Kiv Acwinvh© n‡q c‡o‡Q|
GB bZzb w`‡Ki D‡jøL‡hvM¨ K‡qKwU GLv‡b Dc¯’vcb Kiv nj:

ˆeÁvwbK `„wófw½i Dbœqb I †hŠw³K weKvk;

cwi‡ek msi¶Y I Dbœq‡b m‡PZbZvi weKvk;

RbmsL¨v e„w×i cwiYvg m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv m„wó;

wk¶v I K‡g©i g‡a¨ †hvMm~Î ¯’vcb;

RvZxqZv‡eva †Rvi`viKiY;

AvšÍRv©wZK åvZ…Z¡‡eva RvMÖZKiY;

RvZxq K…wó I HwZn¨ msi¶Y;

gvbexq ¸Yvewji weKvk mvab;

¯^-wkLb I ¯^-Kg©ms¯’v‡b DØy×KiY Ges

m„RbkxjZvi weKvk mvab|

wk¶vi gva¨‡g fwel¨r cÖRb¥‡K M‡o Zzjevi kw³kvjx I Kvh©Ki cwiKíbv nj wk¶vµg|
wk¶vµ‡gi Ab¨K_vq ejv hvq †h, wk¶vµg n‡”Q- wk¶ve¨e¯’v‡K D‡Ïk¨gyLx, mg‡qvc‡hvMx, Kg©wfwËK,
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv MwZkxj K‡i cybM©Vb I wbg©vY Kivi GKwU bxjbKkv we‡kl| wk¶v I wk¶ve¨e¯’vi mKj
Kg©Kv‡Ûi †K›`ªwe›`y nj- wk¶vµg| wk¶vµg e¨ZxZ wk¶vi KvR myôzfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kiv
m¤¢e bq| wk¶vµg Qvov wk¶v`vb Kvh©µg avivevwnK I mwVKfv‡e Pvjbv Kiv KwVb n‡q
c‡o| GQvov wk¶v`vb Kvh©µg n‡”Q wk¶vµg cwiKíbviB Ask we‡kl| wk¶v_x©i mvwe©K

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 119

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

weKv‡ki j‡¶¨ KLb, wK I KZUzKz †kLv‡Z n‡e Ges †Kvb †Kvb welq nv‡ZKj‡g wkL‡e
wk¶vµg nj ZviB iƒc‡iLv| GB Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q wk¶vµ‡gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
bvbvwea| wk¶vµ‡gi wKQy ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KvR nj:

†h welq ev Ávb me‡P‡q †ewk Kv‡R jv‡M Zv AMÖvwaKvi wfwˇZ mbv³ Kiv|

mgvR I e¨w³i cÖ‡qvRbvbymv‡i wk¶vi welqe¯‘ web¨vm Kiv|

mKj wk¶v_x©i MÖnY ¶gZv Abymv‡i welqe¯‘ wba©viY Kiv|

wk¶v_x©i eqm, MÖnY I aviY ¶gZv Abymv‡i Kv‡Ri gvÎv wVK Kiv|

mbv³K…Z welqe¯‘ mnR †_‡K KwVb- G bxwZ Abymi‡Y web¨vm Kiv|

wk¶v_x©i mvg_©¨ Abymv‡i Kg©gyLx I e„wËg~jK welqvw`i Pqb I web¨vm Kiv|

welqe¯‘i cvi¯úh©, avivevwnKZv I mgš^q weavb Kiv|

†kªwYK‡¶ wk¶v`v‡bi ¸YMZgvb DbœZ Kivi Rb¨ wk¶K cÖwk¶Y †Rvi`vi Kiv|

we`¨vj‡qi †fZ‡i I evB‡i wewfbœ cÖKvi Kg©ZrciZvi gva¨‡g wk¶v_x©i me©gyLx
AwfÁZv cÖ`v‡bi c_ cÖkg~ Kiv|

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 120

 ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 10.1

A) eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ

mwVK DËi wb‡`©kg~jK A¶iwU‡K e„ËvwqZ Kiæb| Avcbvi wbe©vwPZ DËiwU K n‡j K
e„ËvwqZ Kiæb:

1| mgv‡R cÖwZwôZ AZxZ I Pjgvb K…wó I HwZn¨ msi¶‡Yi gva¨‡g RvZxqZv†eva

mgybœZ Kiv †KvbwUi AšÍfz©³?
K. wk¶vµ‡gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
L. cwiKíbv aviv
M. we‡eP¨ w`‡Ki
N. cwiKíbv cwim‡i|

2| BDwbfv©wmwU mvD_ Kwgk‡bi AšÍfz©³ w`K †KvbwU?

K. wm×všÍ MÖnY
L. Kg©-ms¯’vb
M. RvZxq Av`k©
N. GKK wel‡qi wk¶vµg|

Av) msw¶ß DËi cÖkœ

1. wk¶vµ‡gi cwimi e¨vL¨v Kiæb|

2. wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv ˆZwii cÖavb w`K wK wK?
3. weÁvb I cÖhyw³i we‡eP¨ w`K wK wK?

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 121

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 10.2 AvaywbK wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi iƒc‡iLv

D‡Ïk¨

GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb−

K‡qKwU AvaywbK wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi iƒc‡iLv eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

mv¤úÖwZK Kv‡j wk¶vµg cwiKíbvq wewfbœ ai‡bi iƒc‡iLv †`Lv hvq| Gme iƒc†iLv‡K
wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi †Kvb †Kvb wk¶vµg we‡klÁ g‡Wj bvgKiY K‡i‡Qb| wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi eûj e¨eüZ
wewfbœ iƒc‡iLv cÖavb g‡Wj¸‡jv nj: (K) nR nweR g‡Wj (L) Gwin wjDB g‡Wj (M) †mjvi g‡Wj (N)
ev¯Íe Rxeb cwi‡ek wfwËK g‡Wj| wb‡P ms‡¶‡c G ¸‡jvi bKkvmn wee„Z Kiv nj:

wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv KZK¸‡jv m¤úK©hy³ cÖwµqvi AšÍf©z³| nR nweR Zvi wk¶vµg
nR nweR cwiKíbv cÖYqb cwiKíbvi Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K mvZwU fv‡M wef³ K‡i‡Qb| GB Dcv`vb¸‡jv wk¶vµg
cwiKíbv‡K †K›`ª K‡i e„ËvKv‡i Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| nR nwe‡Ri wk¶vµg cwiKíbv
g‡W†ji cÖ‡Z¨KwU Dcv`vb ev A½ avivevwnK Ges mgMÖ cwiKíbvwU MwZgq I AvaywbK|
KviY cÖ‡Z¨KwU A½ cvi¯úwiK wµqvkxj c×wZfz³|

GB cwiKíbv g‡WjwU‡Z evg~e Ae¯’v we‡kølY KiZt cÖ‡qvRbxqZv mbv³Ki‡Yi ci Gi

j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wba©vi‡Yi ci †Kvb bxwZ I †KŠkj Aej¤^‡b wk¶vµg hvPvB I Dbœqb Kiv
n‡e Ges wKfv‡e evg~evqb Ges evg~evqb DËi Kvh©µg cwiex¶Y I g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e Ges
cwi‡k‡l g~j¨vqb djvd‡ji wfwˇZ Zv cybiveZ©b K‡i ¸YMZ gvb wbqš¿Y Kiv n‡e Zvi
w`K wb‡`©kbv i‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ nR nweR cwiKíbv g‡W‡ji bKkv †`Iqv nj| nR †nwem
wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi g‡WjwU wbgœiƒ‡c wPwÎZ Kiv n‡q‡Q:

ev¯Íe Ae¯’v
we‡kølY

j¶¨ I
cwiex¶Y I D‡Ïk¨
g~j¨vqb

wk¶vµg cwiKíbv
bxwZ I
†KŠkj
AbymiY
Kvh©µg

wk¶vµg
hvPvB I
ev¯Íevqb Dbœqb

wPÎ: nR nweR wk¶vµg cwiKíbv|

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 122

 ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

Gwin wjDB wk¶vµg Gwin wjDB Zvi Planning the School Curriculum (1977) IIEP, c¨vwim KZ©…K
cwiKíbv cÖKvwkZ cywg~Kvq Stages of Curriculum Planning wk‡ivbv‡g wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi
GKwU wZb avc wewkó g‡Wj cÖ`vb K‡ib| wZwb GB wZb av‡c wk¶vµg cwiKíbv, Dbœqb,
evg~evqb cwiex¶Y, g~j¨vqb, ¸YMZ gvb wbqš¿Y cybiveZ©b BZ¨vw` mewKQy AšÍf‚©³
K‡i‡Qb| wjDB wZb avc wewkó wk¶vµg cwiKíbv g‡Wj wb‡P Dc¯’vcb Kiv nj|

avc A½wfwËK Kvh©µg

cwiKíbvi cwi‡jL
D‡Ïk¨

welqe¯‘

wkLb †kLv‡bv Kvh©vewj
wkLb †kLv‡bv mvgMÖx cÖYqb
wkLb mvgMÖx iPbv

wkLb mvgMÖx web¨vm

bZzb mvgMÖxi Dc‡hvwMZv evPvB

P‚ovšÍKiY
evg~evqb
weg~iY
− cÖ‡qvRbxq ‡hvMvb
− wk¶K cÖwk¶Y
− cix¶v c×wZi mgš^q
− Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’vi g‡a¨ mgš^q

¸YMZ gvb wbqš¿Y

cybiveZ©b|

BD‡b‡¯‹v e¨vsK‡Ki I Gwkqvb Dbœqb e¨vs‡Ki RbmsL¨v wk¶vi we‡klÁ Zvui RbmsL¨v
wk¶vµg cÖYq‡b
wk¶v cy¯Í‡K wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbvi GKwU bKkv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| GwU GZ`v‡ji
kgv©m cwiKíbv
wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi cwiKíbvq mnvqK| GB bKkvwUi cÖwZwU A½ ci¯úi m¤ú©Khy³| GB
bKkvi cuvPwU A½| †hgb- j¶¨, welqe¯‘, wkLb mvgMÖx, wkLb †kLv‡bv cÖwµqv Ges
g~j¨vqb| GB bKkvwU cwiKíbv I Dbœqb Dfq Kv‡R wZwb e¨envi K‡i‡Qb|

j¶¨ cÖYqb

g~j¨vqb welqe¯‘
Pqb

wkLb
wkLb
cÖwµqv
mvgMÖx

wPÎ: kg©vm wk¶vµg cwiKíbv g‡Wj|

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 123

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

wk¶vµ‡g cÖvmswMKZv Avbq‡bi j‡¶¨ BD‡b‡¯‹vi AvÂwjK Awdm e¨vsKK Zvi Dbœqb g~jK
ev¯Íe Rxeb cwi‡ek
Kg©KvÛ Òwk¶v_x©i evg~e Rxeb cwi‡ek †_‡K weÁvb I cÖhyw³ m¤ú„³ welqe¯‘ mbv³KiYÕÕ kxl©K
wfwËK wk¶vµg mgx¶vq GbwmwUwe cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK chv©‡q `yBwU c„_K M‡elYv cwiPvjbv K‡i| D³ M‡elYvq
cwiKíbv wk¶v_x©i ev¯Íe Rxeb cwi‡ek †_‡K weÁvb I cÖhyw³welqK wKQy aviYv Ges welqvsk mbv³ K‡i|
GB mbv³K…Z weÁvb I cÖhyw³ m¤úwK©Z welq †Kvb †KŠk‡j wk¶vµ‡gi cwiKíbvi AšÍfz©³ Kiv
hv‡e GZ`m¤^‡Ü cix¶v-wbix¶v K‡i GKwU cwiKíbvi g‡Wj D™¢veb Kiv nq| GB g‡Wj cieZx©
chv©‡q wØZxq mgx¶vq cÖ‡qvM K‡i h‡_ó mnvqZv jvf Kiv †M‡Q| BD‡b‡¯‹vi AvÂwjK AwdmI
GZ`m¤ú‡K© cÖksmv K‡i‡Q Ges Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k GwU cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q| wb‡gœ GB
cwiKíbv g‡WjwUi bKkv Dc¯’vcb Kiv nj|

e¯‘ mvaviY
welqK
ev¯Íe aviYvi
Rxeb ZvwjKv wk¶vµg wk¶vµg
AwfÁZv aviYvi I wkLb g~j¨vqb
KvR weÁvb †kªwYKiY mvgMÖx I
welqK cÖYqb ev¯Íevqb

gvby‡li
cÖc †gŠwjK
Pvwn`v
welqK

wPÎ: evg~e Rxeb cwi‡ek wfwËK wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv|

†mjvi wk¶vµg †mjvi I Zvui `yB m½xi iwPZ ÒCurriculum Planning for Better Teaching and
Learning" cyg~‡K wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv m¤^‡Ü eû g‡Wj I bKkv D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|
cÖYqb cwiKíbv
wk¶vµg cwiKíbv‡K Zvuiv †hfv‡e msÁvwqZ K‡i‡Qb Zv nj; “------------- A Plan for
Providing Sets of Learning Opportunities for Persons to be Educated”

GRb¨ Zuviv wk¶vµ‡gi (cwiKíbv) Dcv`vb ¸‡jv‡K wbgœiƒc bKkvi gva¨‡g Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|

ewn Pvc:
(M‡elYv I
†ckv Ávb)
hv‡K
wk¶vµg b·v
wk¶v_x©
wkw¶Z Kiv wk¶v e¨e¯’v j¶¨ I cQ‡›`i
wkLb mvgMÖx
Abymv‡i AMÖvwaKvi wkLb
n‡e D‡Ïk¨
g~j¨vqb c×wZ
AMÖMwZ
(wk¶v_x©)
wk¶vµ‡gi wfwË
(mgvR, wk¶v_x© I Ávb)

wPÎ: †mjvi wk¶vµg cÖYqb cwiKíbv|

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 124

 ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

Dc‡ii bKkvq wk¶v_x©‡K M‡o †Zvjvi j‡¶¨ wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi mKj Kg©KvÛ AvewZZ©
nq| GRb¨ mev©‡MÖ wk¶vµ‡gi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wbiƒcY AZtci GKwU Av`k© I evg~egyLx
wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ M‡elYvj× dj Ges mgv‡Ri g½‡ji wbwg‡Ë wk¶v_x©‡K jvMmB
Áv‡b cwicyóKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ wk¶vµg wkLb mvgMÖx Ges Kvw•LZ ¸Yv¸Y wk¶v_x©i gv‡S
M‡o D‡V‡Q wKbv Zv cwigv‡ci Rb¨ µvB‡Uwiqvb †U÷ cÖ‡qvM K‡i wk¶v_x©i AwR©Z Áv‡bi
gvÎv wbiƒcY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| GRb¨ †mjvi g‡WjwU e¨vcK wfwËK I AvaywbK|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 10.2

A) eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ

mwVK DËi wb‡`©kg~jK A¶iwU‡K e„ËvwqZ Kiæb| Avcbvi wbe©vwPZ DËiwU K n‡j K
e„ËvwqZ Kiæb:

1| Kvi wk¶vµg g‡WjwU cvuP avc wewkó?

K. nR nvweR
L. †mjvi
M. kg©v
N. Gwin wjDB|

2| †Kvb g‡WjwU wk¶vµg cwiKíbv I Dbœqb Dfq Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq?

K. kg©v g‡Wj
L. ev¯ÍeRxeb wfwËK g‡Wj
M. AvBAvBBwc Gi g‡Wj
N. mvZ avc wewkó g‡Wj|

Av) msw¶ß DËi cÖkœ

1. nR nweR g‡Wj Kq avc wewkó?

2. †Kvb cwiKíbv g‡WjwU mvaviY wk¶vµg Kgx©i Rb¨ mnR‡eva¨ Ges †Kb?
3. ev¯Íe Rxeb cwi‡ek wfwËK wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi Zvrch©c~Y© ˆewkó¨ wK?

B) iPbvg~jK cÖkœ

1. †mjvi wk¶vµg cwiKíbvi weeiY w`b|

2. kg©vm g‡W‡ji Zvrch©c~Y© A½¸‡jv wK?

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 125

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 10.3 wk¶vµg Dbœqb ZË¡ I g‡Wj

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb-

wk¶vµg Dbœqb Z‡Ë¡i I g‡W‡ji bvg ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

wk¶vµg Dbœq‡bi wewfbœ g‡W‡ji msw¶ß weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

wk¶vµg Dbœqb g‡W‡ji Zzjbvg~jK weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

wk¶vµ‡gi cÖavb eZ©gv‡b wek¦e¨vcx wk¶vi cÖwZ gvby‡li AvMÖn c~‡e©i Zzjbvq eû¸Y e„w× †c‡q‡Q| KviY gvbyl
eyS‡Z I Dcjw× Ki‡Z cvi‡Q †h Òwk¶vÓ mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi kw³kvjx, msµgY‡hvM¨ I
cÖavb ZË¡
w¯’wZkxj DcKiY I evnb| GB evnbwU‡K mg‡qi Pvwn`vi m†½ msMwZ weav‡bi gva¨‡g
mgvR I RvwZi Kj¨v‡Yi Dc‡hvMxKi‡Yi cÖavb e¨e¯’v nj wk¶vµg| Avi GB wk¶vµ‡gi
cÖavb e¨enviKvix n‡jb wk¶K I wk¶v_x©|

wk¶vµg m¤ú‡K© wk¶K I wk¶v_x©i Rvbvi AvMÖn w`‡b w`‡b †e‡o P‡j‡Q| e¯‘Z wk¶vµ‡gi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges Zvi Dbœqb m¤^Ü wek¦e¨vcx cÖPviYv ïiæ nq wØZxq wek¦ hy‡×i ci| KviY
ZLb c„w_exi eû †`k Jcwb‡ewkK kvmb †_‡K ¯^vaxbZv jvf K‡i| Gme bZzb ¯^vaxbZv
cÖvß ivóª wb‡R‡`i Pvwn`v gvwdK wk¶ve¨e¯’v‡K †X‡j mvRv‡bvi Rb¨ g‡bvwb‡ek K‡i| d‡j
Pwjøk `k‡Ki †klva© †_‡K wek¦e¨vcx wk¶vµg Dbœq‡b cÖPzi wPšÍv fvebv ïiæ nq| cÂvk
`k‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K gnvKv‡k ¯úyUwbK †cÖi‡Y ivwkqvi Afvebxq mvdj¨ mviv wek¦Ry‡o
wk¶vµg Dbœqb, cwigvR©b I bevqb m¤ú‡K© bZzb wPšÍvfvebv Ki‡Z DØy× K‡i| d‡j MZ
Pvi-cuvP `k‡K wk¶vµg cÖYqb I Dbœq‡bi bvbv ZË¡, g‡Wj, c×wZ, cªYvjx I Kjv-†KŠkj
D™¢vweZ nq| wk¶vµ‡gi wewfbœ ZË¡ I g‡W‡ji bvg, g‡Wj cwiwPwZ I Zzjbvg~jK eY©bv
wb‡gœ avivevwnKfv‡e †`Iqv nj:

wk¶vµ†gi eûj cwiwPZ I AwaK e¨eüZ ZË¡¸‡jv nj−

wk¶vµg Z‡Ë¡i bvg
1. ivd UvBjvi ZË¡ (1949): GwU Pvi avc wewkó ˆiwLK ZË¡| GQvov GwU wk¶vµ‡gi
me©cÖ_g ZË¡|
2. wnjWv Zvev ZË¡ (1962): GB ZË¡wU mvZ avc wewkó ˆiwLK ZË¡|
3. ûBjvi ZË¡ (1967): GwU cvuPwU A½wewkó e„ËvKvi ZË¡|
4. Kvi ZË¡ (1968): GwU wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi GKwU wek`ZË¡| Kvi Z‡Ë¡i cÖavb Pvi A½
D‡Ïk¨, Ávb‡¶Î, wkLb AwfÁZv I g~j¨vqb| G¸‡jvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡Z AšÍfy©³ Ab¨vb¨
Kvhv©w` D‡jøL i‡q‡Q|
5. Gwin wjDB ZË¡ (1977): AvšÍR©vwZK wk¶v cwiKíbv Bbw÷wUDU, c¨vwim Planning
the School Curriculum cyw¯ÍKvq wjDB wZb avc I `yB ¯Íi wewkó ZË¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib|
6. jUb ZË¡: wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi ev¯ÍeZvi †cÖw¶‡Z ZË¡ I e¨envwi‡Ki g‡a¨ we¯Íi cv_©K¨
†`Lv hvq| jUb 1974 mv‡j wk¶vµg Z‡Ë¡i I e¨envwi‡Ki e¨eavb Kwg‡q Avbvi Rb¨

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 126

 ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

GKwU cÖevn wPÎ D™¢veb K‡ib| jU‡bi GB cÖ‡Póvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ wQj wk¶vµg Dbœqb
cÖwµqvi mijxKiY/mnRxKiY|

wk¶vµg Z‡Ë¡i Dci wfwË K‡iB wk¶vµg g‡Wj D™¢veb Kiv n‡q‡Q Z_vwc ZË¡ I g‡W‡ji
wk¶vµg g‡W‡ji bvg g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q A‡bK| Z‡Ë¡i gva¨‡g GKwU Av`k© Ae¯’vi wPÎ wee„Z Kiv nq wKš‘
g‡W‡j ev¯Íe Ae¯’vi m‡½ wgj †i‡L Z‡Ë¡i Av`k© Ae¯’vi wKQy wePz¨wZ N‡U| wk¶vµg
Dbœq‡b Z‡Ë¡i Ávb Kv‡R jvwM‡q g‡Wj Abymi‡Y ev¯Íeiƒc `vb Kiv nq| wb‡gœ wk¶vµg
Dbœq‡bi cÖavb g‡W‡ji bvg D‡jøL Kiv nj:

1. cÖwµqv wfwËK g‡Wj|

2. D‡Ïk¨ wfwËK g‡Wj|
3. ev¯Íe Ae¯’v we‡kølY g‡Wj|
4. †ivbvì †nWjK g‡Wjmg~n: (K) M‡elYv I Dbœqb g‡Wj (L) mvgvwRK wg_w¯Œqv g‡Wj
(M) mgm¨v mgvavb g‡Wj|
5. BivU g‡Wj|
6. BD‡b‡¯‹v g‡Wj|
7. mvgvwRK `¶Zv wfwËK g‡Wj|

wk¶vµg Z‡Ë¡i Dci wfwË K‡iB wk¶vµ‡g g‡Wj D™¢veb I cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †Kvb
AvaywbK wk¶vµg †Kvb wk¶vµg ZË¡ I g‡W‡ji g‡a¨ †Zgb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ ZviZg¨ †bB| †hgb- mvgvwRK
Dbœqb g‡Wj cwiwPwZ `¶Zv wfwËK wk¶vµg g‡Wj| Avevi †Kvb †Kvb wk¶vµg ZË¡ I g‡W‡ji g‡a¨ †ek
cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq| ZvwË¡K w`K Kj‡g †hfv‡e wPwÎZ Kiv hvq evg~‡e Zv bvbv mxgve×Zv I
`¶Zvi Afv‡e Kiv hvqbv| wk¶vµg Dbœqb g‡W‡j †Kvb i`e`j n‡j †KŠk‡jI i`e`j
nq| wb‡P K‡qKwU AvaywbK g‡Wj ms‡¶‡c wee„Z Kiv nj|

mvgvwRK `¶ZvwfwËK mvgvwRK `¶Zv wfwËK wk¶vµg Dbœqb g‡Wj (The Social Skills Curriculum)
D™¢ve‡bi g~j j¶¨ nj: mvgvwRK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi GKwU cÖ‡qvM †hvM¨ wk¶vµg Dbœqb
wk¶vµg Dbœqb g‡Wj
KvVv‡gv D™¢veb| GB g‡Wj wcÖ÷wj, g¨vK¸ix, wd¬M, †ngmwj Ges †ejnv‡gi 1978 mv‡ji
M‡elYvi Dci wfwË K‡i D™¢veb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB mvgvwRK `¶Zv wfwËK wk¶vµg Dbœqb
g‡Wj wb‡gœv³ PviwU ˆiwLK av‡c MwVZ:

1. `¶Zv wPwýZKiY: wk¶v_x©i eZ©gvb `¶Zv wbiƒc‡Yi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ nj mgv‡R mgm¨v
AbymÜv‡bi e¨w³MZ `¶Zvi mej `ye©j w`K wbiƒcY Kiv |
2. D‡Ïk¨ wbiƒcY: wbR¯^ cÖ‡Póvi gv‡bi wfwˇZ cÖviw¤¢K we›`y wbav©iY, ¯^xq Abykxjbxi
djvdj we‡kølY K‡i mwVK mgm¨v wbw`©©óKiY Ges Zv mgvav‡b D‡`¨vM MªnY|
3. wkLb cÖYvjx: GB avc nj †Kvb †KŠk‡j cÖvß Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ Zvi j¶¨ gvÎv wbiƒcY
Ki‡Z nq Zv Rvbv| mbv³K…Z mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †KŠkj wPwýZKi‡Y †Kvb c×wZ
AbymiY Ki‡Z nq Zv Rvbv Ges GB Rvbv †KŠkj¸‡jvi †KvbwU cÖ‡qvM K‡i
Zvr¶wYKfv‡e D™¢‚Z mgm¨v mgvavb Kiv nq Zv Rvbv| Giƒcfv‡e mgm¨v mgvav‡bi
gva¨‡g `¶Zv e…w× Kiv hv AvMvgx‡Z bvbv ai‡bi mgm¨v mgvavb wb‡R wb‡RB Ki‡Z
cv‡i|

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 127

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

4. g‚j¨vqb: cvV‡k‡l wk¶v_x© †h me mgm¨v mgvavb Ki‡Z cvi‡e e‡j wbav©iY Kiv
n‡qwQj mv¶vrKvi/Av‡jvPbv, cwigvcb ev Ab¨ †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM K‡i ‡m¸‡jvi K…ZKvh©Zv
ev AK…ZKvh©Zv ev¯Í‡e cÖZ¨¶KiY|

wk¶vµg Dbœqb cwiKíbv cÖwµqv I Pvi avc wewkó g‡Wj: GB g‡W‡ji gva¨‡g wk¶vµg
wk¶vµg cwiKíbv cwiKíbv, Rbej, mgq, A_© BZ¨vw` g~jKvh© ïiæ Kivi cy‡e©B †hvMvb wbwðZ Ki‡Z nq|
cÖwµqv g‡Wj wk¶vµg Dbœqb cwiKíbv cÖwµqv g‡W‡ji avc¸‡jv nj:

1. wk¶vi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wbav©iY KiY|

2. wk¶vµg Dbœq‡bi bKkv cÖYqb: wk¶vµg cÖYqbKvix we‡klÁ`j wk¶vµg ‰Zwii
†KŠkj I g~jwfwË m¤^‡Ü wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡ib| wk¶vµ‡g ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRK `k©‡bi
†Kvb †Kvb w`K cÖwZdwjZ n‡e Zvi wm×všÍ c~‡e©B wb‡Z nq |
3. wk¶vµg evg~evqb: wk¶vµg Dbœqb cwiKíbvq j¶¨`j, wk¶v DcKiY, weg~iY msMVb
BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© wk¶K I wk¶v_x©‡K me©vwaK ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb Kiv nq| cÖwk¶Y c×wZi
aiY wKiƒc n‡e †m m¤^‡Ü cÖwk¶K, wk¶K, cÖwk¶Yv_x©e„›` mw¤§wjZfv‡e wm×všÍ MÖnY
K‡i|
4. wk¶vµg g~j¨vqb: †kªwY wk¶K wk¶v_x©i wkLb AMÖMwZ wbiƒcY †KŠkj I g~j¨vqb
DcKiY m¤ú‡K© wm×všÍ †b‡eb| wk¶vµg cwiKíbv Kvh©µg g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb `¶
wk¶vµg cwiKíbvKvix `j|
wk¶vµg g~j¨vqb:
wk¶vi j¶¨ wk¶vµg b·v wk¶vµg
wk¶v_x©i AMÖMwZ
I D‡Ïk¨ cÖYqb ev¯Íevqb
wk¶vµg g~j¨vqb

wk¶vµg cwiKíbv Dbœqb cªYvjx

(Drm: †mjvi -30 c„:)

wk¶vµg Dbœq‡b Acivci †h mKj g‡Wj e¨eüZ nq, †m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg (Gme g‡Wj
wk¶vµg Dbœqb g‡Wj evDweÕi Òwk¶vµg cÖYqbÕÕ cy¯Í‡K wek` Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q) nj:

cÖwµqv wfwËK g‡W‡j cÖ_‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq Ávb evQvB Kiv nq| GB evQvB Abymv‡i welqe¯‘,
cÖwµqvwfwËK g‡Wj wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ, wkLb-Kvj I g~j¨vqb †KŠkj wbav©iY Kiv nq| cÖwµqv wfwËK g‡Wj
cyivZb g‡Wj| 30/40 eQi c~‡e© G g‡W‡ji eûj cÖPjb wQj|

D‡Ïk¨ wfwËK g‡W‡ji g~j wfwË nj wk¶vi D‡Ïk¨ wbiƒcY| Avi GB D‡Ïk¨ wbiƒc‡Y
D‡Ïk¨ wfwËK g‡Wj RbRxeb, ivóªxq Av`k©, mvgvwRK AMÖMwZi aviv, beZi g~j¨‡eva, cwiewZ©Z RxebaviY
†KŠkj BZ¨vw` mewKQyB we‡ePbv Ki‡Z nq| AZtci welqe¯‘, wkLb †kLv‡bv †KŠkj,
g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ wbav©wiZ nq|

ev¯Íe Ae¯’v we‡kølY ev¯Íe Ae¯’v we‡kølY g‡W‡ji wfwË nj Òhv‡`i Rb¨ wk¶vµg cÖYqb Kiv n‡e Zv‡`i Pvwn`v
g‡Wj wK, Zv‡`i wk¶vi gvb wKiƒc, Zviv wk¶v‡K wK Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Z Pvq BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K©

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 128

 ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

Zv‡`i cvwicwk¦©K Ae¯’v †_‡K Pvwn`v wPwýZ K‡i wk¶vµg cÖYqb Kiv| Giƒc cÖwµqvq
wk¶vµg cÖYq‡b QqwU avc Abym„Z nq:

(1) ev¯Íe Ae¯’v we‡kølY I Pvwn`v wbiƒcY (2) wk¶vi D‡Ïk¨ cÖYqb (3) welqe¯‘
wPwýZKiY (4)wkLb AwfÁZv I wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ wbiƒcb (5) wkLb mvgMÖx cÖYqb I
UªvB AvDU Ges (6) UªvB-AvDU, cwigvR©b Ges †`ke¨vcx weZi‡Yi Rb¨ gy`ªY|

†ivbvì †nfjK †ivbvì †nfjK 1997 mv‡j wk¶vµg Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ wZb iKg Kvh©cÖYvjx AbymiY K‡i
g‡Wjmg~n c…_K c„_K wZbwU g‡Wj D™¢veb K‡i‡Qb| †nfjK g‡Wjmg~n nj:

1. M‡elYv I Dbœqb g‡Wj|

2. mvgvwRK wg_w¯Œqv g‡Wj|
3. mgm¨v mgvavb g‡Wj|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 10.3

A) ms‡¶‡c DËi w`b

1. K‡qKwU wk¶vµg Z‡Ë¡i bvg Kiæb|

2. Gwin wjDB Z‡Ë¡i cÖavb ˆewkó¨ wK?
3. jUb Z‡Ë¡i msw¶ß cwiwPwZ wjLyb|
4. cÖavb cÖavb wk¶vµg g‡W‡ji bvg Kiæb|
5. mvgvwRK `¶ZvwfwËK wk¶vµg Dbœqb g‡W‡ji avc¸‡jv wjLyb|
6. ev¯Íe Ae¯’v we‡kølY g‡W‡ji Dcv`vb wK wK?
7. wk¶vµg cwiKíbv cÖwµqv g‡W‡ji avc¸‡jv wK?

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 129

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV 10.4 AvaywbK wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠkj

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k†l Avcwb-

AvaywbK wk¶vµg Dbœq‡bi †KŠkjMZ e¨Z¨q eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

AvaywbK wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠk‡ji K‡qKwU ms‡¶‡c wee„Z Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

(K) †KŠkjMZ e¨Z¨‡qi we‡eP¨ w`K

c~‡e© wk¶vµg cÖYq‡b/Dbœq‡b †hme cÖwµqv I c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv n‡Zv †m m¤ú‡K© Avgiv
†KŠkjMZ e¨Z¨q ZË¡ I g‡W‡j Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Gme Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Rvbv hv‡”Q †h hZB mgvwRK I
ivóªxq cwieZ©b n‡”Q ZZB wk¶vµg iPbvi †¶‡ÎI bvbv gvÎv, w`K I †KŠkj AšÍfz©³
n‡”Q| Giƒc AšÍfy©w³ Ggwb‡Z n‡”Q bv Gi cðv‡Z KZK¸‡jv Dcv`vb KvR Ki‡Q †m¸‡jv
nj:

¯’vbxq wkLb welqvsk wk¶vµ‡g AšÍf‚©w³|

wbR¯^ Pvwn`v cÖvavb¨ †`Iqv|

ZvwË¡K I e¨envwi‡Ki g‡a¨ mgZv weavb|

RvZxq HwZn¨ I K…wó msi¶‡Y ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc|

wk¶v‡K ev¯ÍeRxeb NwbôKiY|

cwi‡ek evm Dc‡hvMxKiY|

mevi Rb¨ wk¶vi c_ myMgKiY|

bvixi ¶gZvqb Kvh©µg †Rvo`viKiY|

Kg©gyLx wk¶vi gva¨‡g ¯^-K‡g© wb‡qvwRZKiY Gme w`K myycwiKwíZ I myweb¨¯Ífv‡e

wk¶vµ‡g h_v¯’v‡b AšÍf©~³ Kivi Rb¨ wek¦e¨vcx wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠk‡j j¶Yxq I
Zvrch©c~Y© cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q| wb‡gœ wk¶vµg Dbœq‡bi †KŠk‡j †hme beZi w`K ms‡hvwRZ
n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jvi K‡qKwU GLv‡b Dc¯’vcb Kiv nj:

ev¯Íe Ae¯’v m‡iRwg‡b ch©‡e¶Y K‡i wk¶vi Pvwn`v wbiƒcY|

†`‡ki gvbe m¤ú` K‡g© wb‡qvwRZKi‡Yi cÖwµqv I Dcvq AbymÜvb|

K‡g© wb‡qvwRZKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ wk¶vµ‡g ms‡hvMmwÜ e¨enviKiY|

wk¶vµg Dbœq‡b I ev¯Íevq‡b cÖvK g~j¨vqb| bgybv cÖeZ©‡bi gva¨‡g Dc‡hvwMZv hvPvB|

bZzb wk¶vµg m¤^‡Ü wk¶v m‡PZb me©g~‡ii bvMwiK‡K MYgva¨‡g AewnZKiY|

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 130

 ¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb

mvgvwRK iƒcvšÍ‡i kw³kvjx Kvh©Ki welq (¸‡jv) wk¶vµ‡g `ªæZ cÖeZ©‡bi e¨e¯’v
Kiv|

mgvR I iv‡óªi Rb¨ gvivZ¥K ¶wZKi Ggb welq m¤^‡Ü wk¶v_x©‡K m‡PZbKi‡Yi Rb¨
wk¶vµ‡g AšÍfy©³KiY|

AvaywbK wk¶vµg eZ©gvb we‡k¦ wk¶vµg Dbœq‡bi †hgb e¨Z¨q NvU‡Q †Zgwb cÖYq‡bi †KŠkjMZ w`‡KI
bvbviƒc cwieZ©b N‡U‡Q| wb‡gœ AvaywbK wk¶vµg Dbœq‡b †KŠkjMZ cwieZ©bmn ms‡¶‡c
Dbœqb †KŠkj
wee„Z Kiv nj:

Bivb, †Kvwiqv, †bcvj I _vBj¨vÛ GB PviwU †`‡ki wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠk‡ji Zzjbv g~jK
Bivb, †Kvwiqv, †bcvj weeiY †`Iqv nj:
I _vBj¨vÛ
†Kvwiqv †bcvj Bivb _vBj¨vÛ
1. RvZxq Av`k© 1. RvZxq bxwZ 1. eZ©gvb Ae¯’v 1. eZ©gvb mgm¨v I
we‡kølY we‡kølY Rvbvi Rb¨ AZxZ Pvwn`v we‡kølY
2. D‡Ïk¨ wbiƒcY 2. †`‡ki mgm¨v Ae¯’v Rwic 2. D‡Ïk¨ cÖYqb
3. D‡Ïk¨ AR©b I Pvwn`v 2. AMÖvwaKvi wbiƒcY 3. welqe¯‘ wbe©vPb
mnvqK welqe¯‘ mgx¶vKiY 3. D‡Ïk¨ wbiƒcY 4. welqe¯‘ web¨vm
wPwýZKiY| 3. Lmov wk¶vµg 4. welqe¯‘ wbe©vPb 5. wkLb †kLv‡bv
4. welqe¯‘ web¨vm cÖYqb 5. wk¶vµg ev¯Íevqb †KŠkj wbe©vPb
5. g~j¨vqb †KŠkj wbix¶vKiY 6. wkLb †kLv‡bv
4. Lmov wk¶vµg 6. wk¶vµg mPj †KŠkj web¨vm
g~j¨vqb ivLvi Rb¨ 7. g~j¨vqb
cÖ‡qvRbxq †hvMvb
cÖ`vb
7. wk¶vµg g~j¨vqb

Av‡gwiKvi wbDRvwm© 1975 mv‡j ‡÷U chv©‡q wk¶vµg cªYq‡b GB Awfbe †KŠkjwU
Av‡gwiKvi †÷U AbymiY K‡iwQj| GwU‡K Av‡gwiKvi †÷U †j‡ej †KŠkj wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq| GB
†j‡ej †KŠkj †KŠkjwU‡Z cuvPwU avc i‡q‡Q| †m¸‡jv wb‡P avivevwnKfv‡e ms‡¶‡c wee„Z Kiv nj:

1. j¶¨ wba©viY: GB †KŠk‡j wk¶vµ‡gi j¶¨ wbav©i‡Y wk¶K, cÖkvmK, †evW© m`m¨, QvÎ,
AwffveK, I Acivci wk¶v m‡PZb bvMwi‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv nq|
2. cwigvc‡hvM¨ fvlvq D‡Ïk¨ cÖKvkKiY: wk¶vi D‡Ïk¨‡K cwigvc‡hvM¨ fvlvq cÖKvk
Ki‡Z nq| A_v©r cÖ‡Z¨KwU D‡Ïk¨ cwigvc‡hvM¨ fvlvq wjL‡Z nq hv‡Z wkLb †k‡l
cwigvc Kiv hvq †h D‡Ïk¨wU cy‡ivcywi ev AvswkK AwR©Z n‡q‡Q|
3. wk¶vi cÖ‡qvRb wK?: wk¶vµ‡gi gva¨‡g Avgiv wk¶v_x©‡`i‡K †Kgb bvMwiK/`¶
Rbkw³ Mo‡Z PvB Zv mywbw`©óKiY|
4. wk¶vµg Dbœqb I evg~evqb: Avgiv wK cÖK…Zc‡¶ wk¶vµ‡gi meUzKz ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z
†c‡iwQ Zv cwiex¶Y K‡i Rvbv|
5. Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb: g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g wk¶vµ‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv hvPvB Kiv Ges
cybiveZ©b K‡i Gi Kvh©KvwiZv e„w× Kiv|

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 131

 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

GKwU wk¶ve¨e¯’v I wk¶vµg †h †Kvb †`‡ki RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v I AvkvAvKv•Lvi cÖwZdjb

BD‡b‡¯‹v wk¶vµg NUvq| †mRb¨ mgvR, K…wó, cÖPwjZ AvPvi AvPiY Ges e¨w³i mgKvjxb Rxe‡bi Pvwn`vi
Dbœqb †KŠkj wfwˇZ wk¶vi RvZxq j¶¨ wbiƒcY Kiv Acwinvh©| wk¶K, mgvR ms¯‹viK, bxwZ wbav©iK I
AwffveKM‡Yi e¨vcK m¤ú„³Zvi gva¨‡g Kvh©Ki, mej I hy‡Mvc‡hvMx wk¶vi D‡Ïk¨
wbiƒcY Kiv m¤¢e nq| wk¶vi D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi evnb n‡”Q welqe¯‘ hv Zvi cvi¯úh© I
KvVv‡gvMZ web¨vm Abymv‡i msMVb Kiv nq| KviY G‡Z K‡i D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ welqe¯‘,
MÖš’bv, Dc¯’vcb, chv©ßZv, cÖvmw½KZv BZ¨vw` eRvq ivLv nq| cvV¨cy¯ÍK, wk¶K wb‡`©wkKv
Ges Ab¨vb¨ mnvqK wkLb DcKiY, g~j¨vqb nvwZqvi Ges wkLb †kLv‡bv †KŠkjvw` wbiƒcY
I cÖ‡qvM meB †hb D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡b mnvqK nq Ges b~¨bZg my‡hvM myweav cÖvß we`¨vjq Zvi
†hvMvb w`‡Z cv‡i Zvi cÖwZ we‡kl bRi w`‡Z nq|

wb‡P BD‡b‡¯‹vi wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠk‡ji avc¸‡jv Dcv¯’vcb Kiv nj:

wk¶vi wkLb AwfÁZv wkLb mvgMÖx ¸YMZ gvb

D‡Ïk¨ wbe©vPb I msMVb wbqš¿Y

BD‡b‡¯‹vi wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠkj|

evsjv‡`‡ki wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠkj

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii wk¶vµg Dbœq‡b 1986 mv‡j †h †KŠkj I cÖYvjx Abym„Z
n‡qwQj Zv cÖevn wP‡Îi gva¨‡g ci c„ôvq wee„Z Kiv nj| mgKvjxb we‡k¦i wk¶vµg
Dbœq‡bi GKwU wek` I ˆeÁvwbK c×wZ Abymi‡Y evsjv‡`‡ki eva¨Zvg~jK wk¶vi D‡Ïk¨
AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv cÖYqb Kiv n‡qwQj|

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 132

¯‹zj Ae GWz‡Kkb
†hvM¨ZvwfwËK wk¶vµg cÖYqb Kvh©µg

RvZxq `k©b ch©v‡jvPbv

RvZxq wk¶vi j¶¨ ch©v‡jvPbv

cÖ_wgK ¯Í‡ii wk¶vi D‡Ïk¨

ch©v‡jvPbv I cyb:wb©aviY

cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii AR©b Dc‡hvMx

cÖvwšÍK †hvM¨Zv wba©viY

cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii welqwfwËK AR©b

Dc‡hvMx cÖvwšÍK †hvM¨Zv wPwýZKiY

welqwfwËK Avek¨Kxq wkLbµg cÖYqb

cvV¨m~wP cÖYqb I PyovšÍKiY avivevwnK g~j¨vqb cÖwk¶Y

cVb-cvVb DcKiY cÖYqb g~j¨vqb †KŠkj cÖv_wgK wk¶K cÖwk¶Y

wk¶vµg ch©v‡jvPbv
¯ÍiwfwËK evsjv cvV¨cy¯ÍK iPbvi wb‡`©kbv cÖYqb g~j¨vqb djvdj msi¶Y c×wZ
kãfvÛvi cÖYqb, wk¶K cÖwk¶Y
cvV¨cy¯ÍK iPbvKvixi cÖwk¶Y
evK¨ixwZ I evbvbixwZ wk¶vµg cwigvR©b
Lmov cvV¨cy¯ÍK cÖYqb wkLb NvUwZ wPwýZKiY
wk¶K cÖwk¶‡Yi wkLb
Lmov cvV¨cy¯ÍK cÖvK-g~j¨vqb wbivgqg~jK e¨e¯’v MÖnY DcKiY cÖYqb

Lmov cvV¨cy¯ÍK cwigvR©b cy‡ivcywi wkLb

cvV¨cy¯ÍK P‚ovšÍKiY I gy`ªY

PvKzixKvjxb cÖwk¶Y PvKzixc~e© cÖwk¶Y

cwigvwR©Z wk¶vµg ev¯Íevqb

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii wk¶vµg Dbœqb †KŠkj

GgGW †cÖvMÖvg Educational Management & Curriculum Development 133
 evsjv‡`k D›gy³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 10.4

A) eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ

mwVK DËi wb‡`©kg~jK A¶iwU‡K e„ËvwqZ Kiæb| Avcbvi wbe©vwPZ DËiwU K n‡j K
e„ËvwqZ Kiæb:

1| e„ËvKvi g‡W‡ji cÖeZ©K †K?

K. UvBjvi
L. ûBjvi
M. wjDB
N. jUb|

2| †Kvb g‡WjwU ˆiwLK I e„ËvKvi?

K. BevU
L. †ivbvì
M. BD‡b‡¯‹v
N. cÖwµqv wfwËK g‡Wj|

Av) msw¶ß DËi cÖkœ

1. †KŠkjMZ e¨Z¨‡qi we‡eP¨ w`K wK wK?

2. wk¶vµg cÖYq‡bi beZi †KŠk‡ji Dcv`vb wK wK?
3. Av‡gwiKvi ivR¨ ch©v‡q wk¶vµg cÖYq‡b wK wK avc Abym„Z nq?
4. evsjv‡`‡ki †hvM¨ZvwfwËK wk¶vµ‡gi cÖevnwPÎ A¼b Kiæb|

BDwbU- 10 wk¶v e¨e¯’vcbv I wk¶vµg Dbœqb 134