Visit 14 04 2025
Visit 14 04 2025
                                                           HAEMATOLOGY
                                                           VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                     Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval       Method
Complete hemogram
Hemoglobin                                    15.1                     g/dL              13.0-17.0                Cyanide free SLS
RBC                                           4.91                     mili/cu.mm        4.5 - 5.5                Impedence variation
HCT                                           45.3                     %                 40 - 50                  Calculated
MCV                                           92.3                     fl                83 - 101                 RBC Pulse Measurement
MCH                                           30.7                     pg                27 - 32                  Calculated
MCHC                                          33.3                     g/dL              31.5 - 34.5              Calculated
RDW-CV                                        13.6                     %                 11.6-14                  Calculated
Total Leucocyte Count                         6.25                     10^3/µL           4 - 10                   Flowcytometry DHSS/
                                                                                                                  Microscopy
Differential Leucocyte Count
Neutrophils                                   52                       %                 40-80                    DHSS/Microscopy
Lymphocytes                                   36                       %                 20-40                    DHSS/Microscopy
Monocytes                                     9                        %                 2-10                     DHSS/Microscopy
Eosinophils                                   2                        %                 1-6                      DHSS/Microscopy
Basophils                                     1                        %                 0-2                      Impedance / Microscopy
Absolute Leucocyte Count
Absolute Neutrophil Count                     3.25                     10^3/µL           2-7                      Calculated
Absolute Lymphocyte Count                     2.25                     10^3/µL           1-3                      Calculated
Absolute Monocyte Count                       0.56                     10^3/µL           0.2 - 1                  Calculated
Absolute Eosinophil Count                     0.13                     10^3/µL           0.02 - 0.5               Calculated
Absolute Basophil Count                       0.06                     10^3/µL           0.02-0.1                 Calculated
Platelet Count                                256                      10^3/µL           150-410                  Impedence Variation
                                                                                                                  /Microscopy
MPV                                           8.2                      fl                6.5 - 12                 Calculated
PDW                                           14.1                     fl                9 - 17                   Calculated
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate                5                        mm/hr             0-10                     Modified Westergren
Comment:
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PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                          HAEMATOLOGY
                                                          VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                    Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
     ESR provides an index of progress of the disease and is widely used as an indicator of inflammation, infection, trauma, or
     malignant diseases. Changes are more significant than a single abnormal test.
     It is specifically indicated to monitor the course or response to the treatment of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis,
     tuberculosis bacterial endocarditis ,acute rheumatic fever ,Hodgkins disease,temporal arthritis , and systemic lupus
     erythematosis; and to diagnose and monitor giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.
     An elevated ESR may also be associated with many other conditions, including autoimmune disease, anemia,
     infection,malignancy,pregnancy, multiple myeloma, menstruation, and hypothyroidism.
     Although a normal ESR cannot be taken to exclude the presence of organic disease, its rate is dependent on various
     physiologic and pathologic factors
     The most important component influencing ESR is the composition of plasma. High level of C-Reactive Protein, fibrinogen,
     haptoglobin, alpha-1antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin and immunoglobulins causes the elevation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation
     Rate.
     Drugs that may cause increase ESR levels include: dextran, methyldopa, oral contraceptives, penicillamine, procainamide,
     theophylline, and Vitamin A. Drugs that may cause decrease levels include: aspirin, cortisone, and quinine.
     As per the recommendation of International council for Standardization in Hematology, the differential leucocyte counts
     are additionally being reported as absolute numbers of each cell in per unit volume of blood.
     Test conducted on EDTA whole blood.
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 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                              HAEMATOLOGY
                                                              VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                      Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
Comment:
Interpretation: HbA1c%
         ≤5.6                                        Normal
        5.7-6.4                             At Risk For Diabetes
         ≥6.5                                      Diabetes
Comments:
A 3 to 6 monthly monitoring is recommended in diabetics. People with diabetes should get the test done more often if their blood
sugar stays too high or if their healthcare provider makes any change in the treatment plan. HbA1c concentration represent the
integrated values for blood glucose over the preceding 8-12 weeks and is not affected by daily glucose fluctuation, exercise &
recent food intake.
Please note, Glycemic goal should be individualized based on duration of diabetes, age/life expectancy, comorbid conditions,
known CVD or advanced microvascular complications, hypoglycemia unawareness, and individual patient considerations.
Factors that interfere with HbA1c Measurement: Hemoglobin variants, elevated fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and chemically modified
derivatives of hemoglobin (e.g. carbamylated Hb in patients with renal failure) can affect the accuracy of HbA1c measurements.
Factors that affect interpretation of HbA1c Measurement: Any condition that shortens erythrocyte survival or decrease mean
erythrocyte age (e. g., recovery from acute blood loss, hemolytic anemia, HbSS, HbCC, and HbSC) will falsely lower HbA1c test
results regardless of the assay method used. Iron deficiency anemia is associated with higher HbA1c.
Note: Presence of Hemoglobin variants and/or conditions that affect red cell turnover must be considered, particularly when the
HbA1c result does not correlate with the patient's blood glucose levels.
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 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                           BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                           VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                     Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
Comment:
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) fasting, means a person has an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes but does not
have it yet. A level of 126 mg/dL or above, confirmed by repeating the test on another day, means a person has diabetes.
IGT (2 hrs Post meal ), means a person has an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes but does not have it yet. A 2-hour
glucose level of 200 mg/dL or above, confirmed by repeating the test on another day, means a person has diabetes
                                                                                                                               Page 4 of 14
PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                           BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                           VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                     Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
Lipid Profile
Cholesterol - Total                           189                      mg/dL             Desirable <200,          Enzymatic
                                                                                         Borderline High 200-239,
                                                                                         High >=240
Triglycerides                                 101                                        Normal: <150,            Glycerol Phosphate
                                                                                         Borderline: 150 - 199,   Oxidase
                                                                                         High:200-499,
                                                                                         Very High>=500
Cholesterol - HDL                             38                       mg/dL             Undesirable/high risk    Accelerator Selective
                                                                                         <40mg/dL                 Detergent
                                                                                         Desirable/low
                                                                                         risk>=60mg/dL
Cholesterol - LDL                             131                      mg/dL             Desirable: <100          Calculated
                                                                                         Above desirable: 100 -
                                                                                         129
                                                                                         Borderline high : 130 -
                                                                                         159
                                                                                         High : 160 - 189
                                                                                         Very high : >=190
Cholesterol- VLDL                             20                       mg/dL             <30                      Calculated
Cholesterol : HDL Cholesterol                 5.0                      Ratio             Desirable : 3.5-4.5      Calculated
                                                                                         High Risk : >5
LDL : HDL Cholesterol                         3.49                     Ratio             Desirable : 2.5-3.0      Calculated
                                                                                         High risk : >3.5
Non HDL Cholesterol                           151                      mg/dL             Desirable:< 130,         Calculated
                                                                                         Above Desirable:130 -
                                                                                         159,
                                                                                         Borderline High:160 -
                                                                                         189,
                                                                                         High:190 - 219,
                                                                                         Very High: >= 220
                                                                                                                                  Page 5 of 14
PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                            BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                            VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                      Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
Comment:
•Lipid profile measurements in the same patient can show physiological & analytical variations. It is recommended that 3 serial
samples 1 week apart may be tested.
•Indians are at a high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD); at a much earlier age and more severe
with high mortality. Dyslipidemia (abnormal lipid profile) is the major risk factor and found in almost 80% Indians.
•Total cholesterol is the total amount of cholesterol in blood comprising of HDL, LDL-C, and VLDL.
•LDL Cholesterol (LDL-C) or “bad”cholesterol contributes most significantly to atherosclerosis leading to heart disease or
stroke and is the primary target for reducing risk for cardiovascular disease.
•High-density lipoprotein (HDL) or “good” cholesterol can lower risk of heart disease and stroke.
•Triglyceride (TG) level also plays a major role in CVD. Indians are more prone to Atherogenic dyslipidemia, a condition
associated with high TG, low HDL-C and high LDL-C; this is associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.
Hence high triglyceride levels also need to be treated.
•Non-HDL-Cholesterol (Non-HDLC) measures all plaque forming lipoproteins (e.g. remnants, LDL-C, VLDL, Lp(a), Apo-B).
Monitoring of Non-HDLC is important in patients with high TG (e.g. diabetics, obese persons) and those already on statin
therapy.
•Lipid Association of India (LAI-2020) recommends:-
      Screening of all Indians above the age of 20 years for CVD risk factors, esp. lipid profile.
      Identification of Risk factors: Age (male ≥45 years, female ≥55 years); Family h/o heart disease at younger age (<55 yrs
      in males, <65 yrs in female), Smoking/tobacco use, High blood pressure, Low HDL (males <40 mg/dl and females
      <50mg/dl).
      Fasting lipid profile is not mandatory for screening. Both fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles are equally important for
      managing Indian patients.
      Non-HDLC should be calculated in every subject. LAI recommends LDL-C as the primary target and Non-HDLC as the co-
      primary target for initiating drug therapy.
      Lifestyle modifications are of first and foremost importance for management and prevention of dyslipidemia. Among low
      risk groups, treatment is started only after 3 months of lifestyle changes.
      Testing for Apolipoprotein B, hsCRP, Lp(a ) should be considered for patients in moderate risk group.
      Newer treatment goals based on Risk Groups and values of LDL-C and Non-HDLC
                                                                                                                               Page 6 of 14
 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                            BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                            VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                      Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
•As per NCEP Expert Panel (2011) guidelines, universal screening for dyslipidemia is recommended for children between 9
- 11 yrs (repeat at 17-21 yrs). Screening is not recommended before the age of 2yrs. Above the age of 2 yrs, selective screening
is done in children with family history of premature CVD or risk factors like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
Note: Reference Interval as per National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Report.
Comment:
      Raised ALT and AST indicate hepatocellular damage (e.g. viral or drugs etc). ALT is more liver-specific while AST is also
      found in heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney. Mild elevation (less than twice normal) often resolves on its own. Fatty liver
      disease (especially with metabolic syndrome) is a common cause in asymptomatic cases. Certain drugs (paracetamol,
      statins), herbal supplements, energy drinks, and antibiotics may also affect liver function.
      SGOT/SGPT Ratio: Typically <1 in healthy individuals (vary between 0.7-1.4; higher in women than men). High SGPT (ratio
      <1) seen in acute or chronic hepatitis, autoimmune disorders, medications, toxins while ratio >1 indicates alcoholic
      hepatitis, cirrhosis, metastasis or non-hepatic issues (hemolytic diseases, CVS disorders).
      Elevated Alkaline Phosphatase and GGT: Suggest cholestatic diseases (e.g. bile duct obstruction, primary biliary
                                                                                                                                Page 7 of 14
PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                            BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                            VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                      Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval       Method
      cirrhosis etc.) and can also be due to bone disease, pregnancy, chronic renal failure, malignancy, and congestive heart
      failure.
      High Bilirubin: Indicates jaundice due to increased RBC breakdown, liver damage (e.g., infections, toxins), or cholestasis
      (e.g., gallstones, tumors).
      High Protein Levels: Seen in dehydration (e.g., severe vomiting, diarrhea) or increased production (e.g., inflammation,
      hematopoietic neoplasms). Low protein and albumin: Result from impaired synthesis (liver disease), decreased intake,
      tissue damage, malabsorption, or increased renal excretion.
Comment:
BUN is directly related to protein intake and nitrogen metabolism and inversely related to the rate of excretion of urea.Blood
urea nitrogen (BUN) levels reflect the balance between the production and excretion of urea. Increased levels are seen in renal
failure (acute or chronic), urinary tract obstruction, dehydration, shock, burns, CHF, GI bleeding, nephrotoxic drugs. Decreased
levels are seen in hepatic failure, nephrotic syndrome, cachexia (low-protein and high-carbohydrate diets).
Urea is a non-proteinous nitrogen compound formed in the liver from ammonia as an end product of protein metabolism. Urea
diffuses freely into extracellular and intracellular fluid and is ultimately excreted by the kidneys. Increased levels are found in
acute renal failure, chronic glomerulonephritis, congestive heart failure, decreased renal perfusion, diabetes, excessive protein
ingestion, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, hyperalimentation, hypovolemia, ketoacidosis, muscle wasting from starvation,
neoplasms, pyelonephritis, shock, urinary tract obstruction, nephrotoxic drugs. Decreased levels are seen in inadequate dietary
protein, low-protein/high-carbohydrate diet, malabsorption syndromes, pregnancy, severe liver disease, certain drugs.
Creatinine is catabolic product of creatinine phosphate, which is excreted by filtration through the glomerulus and by tubular
secretion. Creatinine clearance is an acceptable clinical measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Increased levels are seen in
acute/chronic renal failure, urinary tract obstruction, hypothyroidism, nephrotoxic drugs, shock, dehydration, congestive heart
failure, diabetes. Decreased levels are found in muscular dystrophy.
BUN/Creatinine ratio (normally 12:1–20:1) is decreased in acute tubular necrosis, advanced liver disease, low protein intake,
and following hemodialysis. BUN/Creatinine ratio is increased in dehydration, GI bleeding, and increased catabolism.
Uric acid levels show diurnal variation. The level is usually higher in the morning and lower in the evening. Increased levels are
seen in starvation, strenuous exercise, malnutrition, or lead poisoning, gout, renal disorders, increased breakdown of body cells
                                                                                                                                     Page 8 of 14
 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                           BIOCHEMISTRY
                                                           VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                     Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
in some cancers (including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma) or cancer treatments, hemolytic anemia, sickle cell
anemia, or heart failure, pre-eclampsia, liver disease (cirrhosis), obesity, psoriasis, hypothyroidism, low blood levels of
parathyroid hormone (PTH), certain drugs, foods that are very high in purines - such as organ meats, red meats, some seafood
and beer. Decreased levels are seen in liver disease, Wilson's disease, Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH),
certain drugs.
Calcium
 Calcium                                      8.9                      mg/dL             8.4 - 10.2              Arsenazo III
Comment:
Increased in: Hyperparathyroidism primary and secondary, Acute and chronic renal failure, Following renal transplantation,
Osteomalacia with malabsorption, Acute osteoprosis, Malignant tumours (specially of breast, lung and kidney), Drugs: Vit. D and
A intoxication, Diuretics, estrogen, androgen, tamoxifen, lithium
Decreased in: Hypoparathyroidism, Surgical and Idiopathic, Pseudohypoparathyroidism, Chronic renal disease with uremia and
phophate retention, Malabsorption of Calcium and Vit.D, obstructive jaundice, Bone Disease ( Osteomalacia and rickets), Drugs:
Cancer chemotherapy drugs, calcitonin, loop-actives diuretics, Hypomagnesemia,Hypoalbuminemia
                                                                                                                                Page 9 of 14
 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                                IMMUNOLOGY
                                                               VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                         Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval        Method
Comment:
Below mentioned are the guidelines for pregnancy related reference ranges for TSH, total T3 & Total T4.
                                            Pregnancy
                           TSH (μIU/mL) (as per
                           American Thyroid      Total T3 (ng/mL)                   Total T4(μg/dL)
                           Association )
 1st trimester             0.1-2.5               0.81-1.90                          7.33-14.8
 2nd trimester             0.2-3.0               1.00-2.60                          7.93-16.1
 3rd trimester             0.3-3.0               1.00-2.60                          6.95-15.7
       TSH levels are subject to circadian variation, reaching peak levels between 2 - 4.a.m. and at a minimum between 6-10 pm
       .
       The variation is of the order of 50%, hence time of the day has influence on the measured serum TSH concentrations.
       TSH is secreted in a dual fashion: Intermittent pulses constitute 60-70% of total amount, background continuous secretion
       is 30-40%.These pulses occur regularly every 1-3 hrs.
       Total T3 & T4 concentrations are altered by physiological or pathological changes in thyroxine binding globulin (TBG)
       capacity .
       The determination of free T3 & free T4 has the advantage of being independent of changes in the concentrations and
       binding properties of the binding proteins.
       Changes in thyroid status are typically associated with concordant changes in T3, T4 and TSH levels.
       Unexpectedly abnormal or discordant thyroid test values may be seen with some rare, but clinically significant conditions
       such as central hypothyroidism, TSH-secreting pituitary tumors, thyroid hormone resistance, or the presence of
       heterophilic antibodies (HAMA) or thyroid hormone autoantibodies.
       For diagnostic purposes, results should be used in conjunction with other data.
                                                                                                                                    Page 10 of 14
 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                                IMMUNOLOGY
                                                               VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                         Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval       Method
 TSH     T3              T4                  Interpretation
 High    Normal          Normal              Subclinical Hypothyroidism
 Low     Normal          Normal              Subclinical Hyperthyroidism
 High    High            High                Secondary Hyperthyroidism
 Low     High/Normal     High/Normal         Hyperthyroidism
                                             Non thyroidal illness / Secondary
 Low     Low             Low                 Hypothyroidism
70 - 79 yrs: 0 - 6.5
Comment:
         Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein, produced by prostate gland, urethral lining and bulbourethral gland.
         Normally, PSA is secreted into the seminal fluid in high concentrations, very little present in blood.
         Increased levels of serum PSA are seen in benign prostatic hypertrophy, prostatitis or prostatic cancers.
Clinical Use:
         Screening method for prostate cancer- when used in conjunction with digital rectal exam (DRE) in men 50 years or older.
         Testing should begin at younger age in high-risk men or those with first-degree relative diagnosed at a younger age.
         Total PSA level 4.0 to 10.0 ng/ml is described as diagnostic ‘gray zone’ - in such cases the Free PSA to Total PSA ratio
         (%Free PSA) helps to determine relative risk of prostate cancer.
         Total PSA >= 10.0 ng/mL indicates high probability of cancer and prostate biopsy is recommended for diagnosis.
         Management of prostate cancer - detecting metastasis, persistent disease, tumor recurrence and response to therapy.
Note:
         PSA test should not be done immediately after cystoscopy, digital rectal examination (DRE), ejaculation, prostatic
         massage, indwelling catheterization, ultrasonography and needle biopsy of prostate as they can falsely elevate levels.
                                                                                                                                   Page 11 of 14
PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                            IMMUNOLOGY
                                                           VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                     Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
      PSA levels can be raised in patients with prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urethral or prostatic
      trauma. Surgical castration or antiandrogen therapy can lower PSA levels dramatically.
      False negative / positive results observed in patients receiving mouse monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis or therapy or
      due to interference by heterophilic antibodies and nonspecific protein binding.
      PSA values regardless of levels should not be interpreted as absolute evidence of the presence or absence of disease. All
      values should be correlated with clinical findings and results of other investigations such as DRE.
Disclaimer:
Test values may vary depending on the assay method used. Values obtained with different assay methods cannot be used
interchangeably.
CMIA-Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay /CLIA-Chemiluminescent immunoassay
                                                                                                                              Page 12 of 14
 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                           CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
                                                             VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                      Result                   Unit             Bio. Ref. Interval      Method
Comment:
•Note: Pre-test condition to be observed while submitting the sample-first void, mid stream urine, collected in a clean, dry, sterile
container is recommended for routine urine analysis, avoid contamination with any discharge from vaginal, urethra, perineum,
Avoid prolonged transit time & undue exposure to sunlight.
•During interpretation, points to be considered are Negative nitrite test does not exclude the urinary tract infections. Trace
proteinuria can be seen with many physiological conditions like prolonged recumbency, exercise, high protein diet. False positive
reactions for bile pigments, proteins, glucose and nitrites can be caused by peroxidase like activity by disinfectants, therapeutic
dyes, ascorbic acid and certain drugs.• Urine microscopy is done in centrifuged urine specimens
                                                                                                                                   Page 13 of 14
 PO No :PO1902654293-212
                                                               CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
                                                                 VH00ORC MALE
Test Name                                          Result                Unit         Bio. Ref. Interval               Method
                                                                *** End Of Report ***
Conditions of Laboratory Testing & Reporting:
Test results released pertain to the sample, as received. Laboratory investigations are only a tool to facilitate in arriving at a diagnosis and should
be clinically correlated by the interpreting clinician. Result delays may happen because of unforeseen or uncontrollable circumstances. Test report
may vary depending on the assay method used. Test results may show inter-laboratory variations. Test results are not valid for medico-legal
purposes. Please mail your queries related to test results to Customer Care mall ID care@1mg.com
Disclaimer: Results relate only to the sample received. Test results marked "BOLD" indicate abnormal results i.e. higher or lower than normal. All
lab test results are subject to clinical interpretation by a qualified medical professional. This report cannot be used for any medico-legal purposes.
Partial reproduction of the test results is not permitted. Also, TATA 1mg Labs is not responsible for any misinterpretation or misuse of the
information. The test reports alone may not be conclusive of the disease/condition, hence clinical correlation is necessary. Reports should be
vetted by a qualified doctor only.
                                                                                                                                           Page 14 of 14
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