Plumb Rule
Plumb rule is used to check the vertical line of wall whether it is perfect vertical or not. It
contains a straight wood board with uniform edges. On its center a groove is provided in which
plumb bob is situated. When the rule is placed vertically with the wall the plumb bob should be
in the groove line otherwise the wall will not be vertical.
Polisher
Polisher is used to smoothen the surface of tiles, wood works etc. The smoothening makes them
shine and the process is called polishing.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
Putty Knife
Putty knife is used level the putty finishing and also used to reduce the thickness of finish when
it is more thick.
Earth Rammer
After the excavation of ground, the lower surface may be uneven. To level the surface earth
rammer is used. It contains big square shaped block at its end with which the ground is leveled.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
Rubber Boots
During construction works, legs may damage due to contact with chemical materials like cement
or physical accidents. So, for safety rubber shoes are required.
Safety Glasses
To prevent the eyes from dust, chemical actions of materials etc. safety glasses should be
maintained.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
Safety Helmet
The safety helmet should be necessary in construction works. Any material or structure may fall
from height during construction work. So, to protect the head from injury or any fatal accident,
this safety helmet should be used.
Sand Screen Machine
The fine aggregate used in concrete should not contain impurities or coarse particles. The sand
screen machine is used to screen the sand or fine aggregate before mixing it with concrete. This
screen is also used for screening fine sand for plastering work.
Scratchers
Plastering of a surface is carried out layer wise. Minimum 2 coats are necessary for plastering.
To provide the good bond between the coats, bottom layer is scratched with a tool called
scratchers.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
Sledge Hammer
Sledge hammer is used when the ground is hard and contains rock layers. A large weighted metal
head is provided at the wooden handle with which hard layers can be cracked, which makes easy
for digging.
Spade
Spade is used to dig the soil for foundation trenches etc. It contains metal plate at the end of long
wooden handle.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
Spirit Level
Spirit level is made of wood or hard plastic with bubble tube in the middle. The bubble tube is
filled with alcohol partially. So, the air bubble is formed in it. Spirit level is used in brick
masonry to check the level of the surface. The spirit level is placed on surface and bubble is
checked. The surface is leveled when the bubble in the tube settles at middle of tube.
Straight Edge Brushes
Straight edge brushes are used to provide finishing to the plastered surface especially at corners
and edges of walls.
Tile Cutter
Tile cutter is used to cut the tiles. Sometimes, normal tile size is larger than required at the
corners where floor meets the wall in that case tile cutter is useful.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
Trowel
Trowel is used to lift and apply the cement mortar in small quantities. It is made of steel and
wooden handle is provided for holding. The ends of trowel may be pointed or bull nosed.
Vibrator
Vibrator is used to compact the concrete by this the air gaps are filled with water and workability
varies without adding water to it.
Wedge
Wedge is a small hard metal blade which is used to cut the rock surfaces with the help of sledge
hammer.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
Wheel Barrow: Wheel barrow is used to transport bulk weights of materials like cement, sand,
concrete mix etc. it contains one or two wheels at its front and two handles at its back which are
used to push the wheel barrow.
Course Instructor: Ms. Rimpy Khokhar, Assistant Professor (Department of Civil Engineering)
