Dr Nahar Bio Academy

By Dr Pradeep Nahar, MBBS, MD (Gold Medalist), DNB, Pursuing Ph D

1. Consider the following statements about the Protista included only prokaryotes. (iv)
living world: (i) Biodiversity refers to the number Kingdom Monera comprised all prokaryotes.
and types of organisms present on earth. (ii) Which are correct?
New organisms are continuously being A. (i), (ii), (iv) B. (ii), (iii), (iv)
identified. (iii) Local names are uniform and C. (i), (iii), (iv) D. (i), (ii), (iii)
sufficient for global communication. (iv) 6. About Archaebacteria: (i) Survive in extreme
Binomial nomenclature ensures a single conditions. (ii) Cell wall structure differs from
scientific name for each organism. How many other bacteria. (iii) Methanogens live in
statements are correct? ruminant guts. (iv) All are photosynthetic. How
A. Two B. Three C. Four D. One many are correct?
2. Regarding nomenclature: (i) Biological names A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One
are generally in Latin and written in italics. (ii) 7. Cyanobacteria: (i) Have chlorophyll a like
The first word represents the species while the higher plants. (ii) Perform photosynthesis. (iii)
second represents the genus. (iii) In Fix nitrogen in heterocysts. (iv) Are eukaryotic.
handwritten form, names are underlined How many are correct?
separately. (iv) The author’s name appears A. Three B. Two C. Four D. One
after the scientific name, in abbreviated form. 8. Regarding fungi: (i) They are autotrophic. (ii)
Which are correct? Their cell wall is made of chitin. (iii) Reproduce
A. (i), (ii), (iii) B. (i), (iii), (iv) by vegetative, asexual and sexual means. (iv)
C. (i), (ii), (iv) D. (ii), (iii), (iv) Absorptive mode of nutrition. How many are
3. Concerning taxonomic hierarchy: (i) Genus correct?
comprises related species. (ii) Family includes A. Three B. Two C. Four D. One
related genera. (iii) Order includes related 9. Viruses: (i) They have DNA or RNA. (ii)
families. (iv) Kingdom is the lowest category. Obligate parasites. (iii) Can be crystallised. (iv)
How many are correct? Possess cellular structure. How many are
A. Two B. Three C. Four D. One incorrect?
4. About species: (i) Group of individuals capable A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
of interbreeding. (ii) Basic unit of classification. 10. About Protista: (i) Unicellular eukaryotes. (ii)
(iii) Shares a common gene pool. (iv) Includes Reproduce by both sexual and asexual means.
all organisms of a family. How many are (iii) Include organisms like Amoeba,
correct? Paramecium. (iv) Always autotrophic. Which
A. Three B. Two C. Four D. One are correct?
5. Whittaker’s five kingdom classification: (i) A. (i), (ii), (iii) B. (i), (ii), (iv)
Proposed in 1969. (ii) Criteria included cell C. (ii), (iii), (iv) D. (i), (iii), (iv)
structure, body organisation, nutrition, 11. In plant kingdom: (i) Thallophyta includes
reproduction and phylogeny. (iii) Kingdom algae. (ii) Bryophytes are amphibians of plant
 kingdom. (iii) Gymnosperms have naked 19. Molluscs: (i) Body soft and unsegmented. (ii)
ovules. (iv) Angiosperms bear seeds enclosed Muscular foot present. (iii) Calcareous shell. (iv)
in fruits. How many are correct? Notochord present. How many are correct?
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One A. Three B. Two C. Four D. One
12. Animal kingdom: (i) Porifera have cellular level 20. Echinoderms: (i) Exclusively marine. (ii) Water
organisation. (ii) Coelenterates possess vascular system. (iii) Triploblastic and
cnidoblasts. (iii) Platyhelminthes are coelomate. (iv) Notochord present. Which are
acoelomate. (iv) Annelids show metamerism. correct?
How many are correct? A. (i), (ii), (iii) B. (ii), (iii), (iv)
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One C. (i), (iii), (iv) D. (i), (ii), (iv)
13. 13. Match about symmetry: (i) Sponges – 21. The scientific name of mango is ________,
asymmetry. (ii) Coelenterates – radial. (iii) where ________ represents the genus.
Arthropods – bilateral. (iv) Echinoderm adults – A. Mangifera indica, Mangifera
bilateral. How many are correct? B. Mangifera indica, indica
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One C. Mangifera indica, Linn.
14. 14. About diploblastic animals: (i) Two germ D. Mangifera indica, family
layers. (ii) Mesoglea present. (iii) Example 22. In humans, the RBCs are formed in ________
Hydra. (iv) Example earthworm. How many are and destroyed in ________.
correct? A. Liver, kidney
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One B. Red bone marrow, spleen
15. 15. Triploblastic animals: (i) Three germ layers. C. Kidney, bone marrow
(ii) Include platyhelminthes onwards. (iii) D. Spleen, liver
Coelom present always. (iv) Example 23. Nostoc and Anabaena fix atmospheric nitrogen
chordates. Which are correct? in specialised cells called ________, whereas
A. (i), (ii), (iv) B. (ii), (iii), (iv) photosynthesis is carried out by ________.
C. (i), (iii), (iv) D. (i), (ii), (iii) A. Heterocysts, chloroplasts
16. 16. In chordates: (i) Notochord present. (ii) B. Heterocysts, chlorophyll a
Dorsal tubular nerve cord. (iii) Ventral heart. (iv) C. Vacuoles, carotenoids
Pharyngeal gill slits at some stage. How many D. Heterocysts, phycobilins
are correct? 24. The ________ system of classification was
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One proposed by Whittaker in ________.
17. Regarding annelids: (i) True coelom. (ii) A. Three kingdom, 1950 B. Two kingdom, 1960
Metameric segmentation. (iii) Closed C. Five kingdom, 1969 D. Six kingdom, 1975
circulation. (iv) Pseudocoelom present. How 25. In aschelminthes, body cavity is ________,
many are correct? whereas in annelids it is a ________.
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One A. Coelom, pseudocoelom
18. About arthropods: (i) Open circulatory system. B. Acoelom, pseudocoelom
(ii) Chitinous exoskeleton. (iii) Segmented C. Pseudocoelom, true coelom
body. (iv) Non-jointed appendages. How many D. True coelom, acoelom
are incorrect? 26. The exoskeleton of arthropods is made up of
A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four ________, while the wall of fungi contains
 ________. C. Cell wall, ribosome
A. Cellulose, lignin B. Chitin, chitin D. Nucleoid, mitochondria
C. Chitin, cellulose D. Chitin, peptidoglycan 34. Platelets are fragments of ________, and their
27. In flowering plants, the male gametes are main role is in ________.
carried inside the ________ produced in the A. Monocytes, immunity
anther, while the female gamete develops B. Megakaryocytes, blood clotting
inside the ________ present in the ovary. C. Neutrophils, phagocytosis
A. Pollen grains, ovule B. Spores, stigma D. Basophils, allergy
C. Filament, carpel D. Endosperm, seed 35. The ________ acts as a connecting link
28. In mammals, blood plasma without clotting between annelids and chordates, whereas
factors is called ________, while plasma with ________ is the connecting link between
clotting factors is called ________. reptiles and birds.
A. Serum, plasma B. Plasma, serum A. Balanoglossus, Archaeopteryx
C. Serum, lymph D. Plasma, RBC B. Amphioxus, Archaeopteryx
29. The heart of human beings is made up of C. Hemichordata, Archaeopteryx
________ muscle, while the biceps is made up D. Amphioxus, Sphenodon
of ________ muscle. 36. In gymnosperms, seeds are ________,
A. Cardiac, smooth B. Skeletal, cardiac whereas in angiosperms, seeds are ________.
C. Cardiac, skeletal D. Smooth, skeletal A. Covered, uncovered
30. The ________ serves as a graveyard of RBCs, B. Uncovered, covered
while new RBCs are produced in ________. C. Absent, present
A. Kidney, spleen D. Naked, free-living
B. Bone marrow, liver 37. The ________ in plants transports water, while
C. Spleen, red bone marrow the ________ transports food.
D. Liver, kidney A. Phloem, xylem B. Cambium, cork C.
31. In frogs, fertilisation is ________, and Xylem, phloem D. Vessels, stomata
development is ________. 38. In ascomycetes, sexual spores are called
A. External, indirect B. Internal, direct ________, while asexual spores are called
C. Internal, indirect D. External, direct ________.
32. The ________ theory was proposed by A. Basidiospores, conidia
Schleiden and Schwann, while ________ B. Zoospores, oospores
modified it by stating that all cells arise from C. Ascospores, conidia
pre-existing cells. D. Aplanospores, zoospores
A. Germ theory, Pasteur 39. Amoeba shows ________ movement with the
B. Cell theory, Virchow help of pseudopodia, whereas Paramecium
C. Cell theory, Darwin moves with the help of ________.
D. Evolution theory, Lamarck A. Amoeboid, cilia B. Ciliary, flagella
33. In prokaryotes, respiration occurs in ________, C. Muscular, tentacles D. Flagellar, cilia
while in eukaryotes it occurs in ________. 40. The ________ is the functional unit of
A. Cytoplasm, mitochondria contraction in a muscle fibre, bounded by
B. Nucleus, cytoplasm
 ________. Reason (R): Phloem transports water and
A. Myofibril, M line minerals.
B. Sarcomere, Z lines 48. 48. Assertion (A): Frogs undergo hibernation in
C. Sarcolemma, H zone severe winter.
D. Myofilament, A band Reason (R): They are cold-blooded animals
Instruction for Q.41–50: and cannot maintain constant body
For each of the following questions, two temperature.
statements are given – Assertion (A) and 49. Assertion (A): Basophils play a role in allergic
Reason (R). Choose the correct option: reactions.
1. A and R both correct, R explains A Reason (R): They secrete histamine, serotonin
2. A and R both correct, R does not explain and heparin.
A 50. Assertion (A): Mitochondria are called the
1. A correct, R incorrect powerhouses of the cell.
2. 4. A incorrect, R correct Reason (R): They synthesise ATP through
41. Assertion (A): Viruses are considered non- cellular respiration.
cellular organisms. 51. Which feature is common in both fungi and
Reason (R): They have only one type of nucleic animals but absent in plants?
acid, either DNA or RNA. A. Chitin in cell wall B. Heterotrophic
42. Assertion (A): Cyanobacteria are called blue- nutrition C. Chlorophyll a D. Starch as
green algae. reserve food
Reason (R): They possess chlorophyll a and 52. In which kingdom are Chlamydomonas and
carry out photosynthesis like green plants. Amoeba placed together, though earlier they
43. Assertion (A): In humans, RBCs are biconcave belonged to different kingdoms?
and without a nucleus. A. Monera B. Protista
Reason (R): This structure helps in increasing C. Plantae D. Animalia
the surface area for gas exchange. 53. A student observed a multicellular organism
44. Assertion (A): Nostoc can fix atmospheric with pseudocoelom and cylindrical body. It
nitrogen. belongs to
Reason (R): It has special cells called A. Platyhelminthes B. Aschelminthes C.
heterocysts. Annelida D. Mollusca
45. Assertion (A): Annelids are coelomate animals. 54. Which of the following is mismatched?
Reason (R): Their body cavity arises from A. Hydra – Diploblastic
mesoderm and is lined by mesodermal B. Planaria – Acoelomate
epithelium. C. Roundworm – Triploblastic
D. Earthworm – Pseudocoelom
46. Assertion (A): Archaeopteryx is a connecting 55. Which part of xylem is responsible for
link between reptiles and birds. conduction of water in gymnosperms?
Reason (R): It had wings and feathers like A. Vessels B. Tracheids
birds, but also teeth and tail like reptiles. C. Phloem fibres D. Companion cells
47. Assertion (A): Xylem is responsible for 56. A student observed a specimen with a water
conduction of food in plants. vascular system. The specimen most likely
 belongs to 66. Which of the following has an incomplete
A. Mollusca B. Echinodermata digestive system?
C. Arthropoda D. Hemichordata A. Roundworm B. Planaria
57. Which one is correctly matched? C. Earthworm D. Cockroach
A. Gorgonia – Sea fan 67. What is the connecting link between Annelida
B. Physalia – Brain coral and Arthropoda?
C. Meandrina – Sea anemone A. Peripatus B. Balanoglossus
D. Adamsia – Jellyfish C. Amphioxus D. Sphenodon
58. Bioluminescence is a characteristic feature of 68. Which feature is diagnostic of chordates?
A. Cnidaria B. Ctenophora A. Paired appendages
C. Porifera D. Platyhelminthes B. Notochord
59. In frog, which structure prevents entry of water C. Ventral nerve cord
into eyes while swimming? D. Open circulatory system
A. Tympanum B. Nictitating membrane 69. Which cell organelle is absent in prokaryotes
C. Eyelid D. Nostril valve but present in eukaryotes?
60. Which of the following is absent in RBCs of A. Ribosome B. Lysosome
mammals but present in WBCs? C. Mesosome D. Nucleoid
A. Nucleus B. Cytoplasm 70. Which of the following statements about fungi
C. Membrane D. Haemoglobin is correct?
61. In a cross section of skeletal muscle, dark A. All fungi are photosynthetic
bands are formed due to B. Fungal cell wall contains cellulose
A. Actin B. Myosin C. Fungi are heterotrophs
C. Tropomyosin D. Troponin D. All fungi are multicellular
62. Which event occurs during hibernation in frogs? 71. The genetic material in HIV is
A. Decrease in metabolic activity A. dsDNA B. ssDNA
B. Increase in body temperature C. dsRNA D. Sarna
C. Breathing rate increases 72. In the ABO blood group system, universal
D. Active feeding continues recipients are
63. Which pair is correct? A. Group A B. Group B
A. Neutrophils – Inflammatory response B. C. Group AB D. Group O
Eosinophils – Resist infection 73. Which tissue in humans has contractility and
C. Basophils – Secrete histamine excitability?
D. Monocytes – Phagocytosis A. Nervous tissue B. Connective tissue
64. Which of the following lacks a cell wall? C. Muscular tissue D. Epithelial tissue
A. Nostoc B. Mycoplasma 74. What happens when Rh–ve mother carries
C. Bacillus D. Chlorella Rh+ve foetus?
65. Which is a non-motile structure? A. No problem in second pregnancy
A. Cilia B. Flagella B. Erythroblastosis foetalis in subsequent
C. Pseudopodia D. Mesosome pregnancy
C. Anaemia in first child
D. Foetus always safe
75. Which part of nephron is mainly responsible for organic matter?
selective reabsorption? A. Protista B. Fungi
A. Glomerulus C. Monera D. Plantae
B. Bowman’s capsule 83. Which is the functional unit of kidney?
C. Proximal convoluted tubule A. Nephron B. Bowman’s capsule
D. Collecting duct C. Loop of Henle D. Glomerulus
76. Which is mismatched? 84. Which type of joint is present between atlas and
A. Amoeba – Amoeboid movement axis vertebra in humans?
B. Paramecium – Ciliary movement A. Pivot joint B. Hinge joint
C. Frog tongue – Muscular movement D. C. Ball and socket D. Gliding joint
Hydra tentacle – Flagellar movement 85. Which of the following pairs is not correct?
77. Which is not a feature of kingdom Monera? A. Z-line – Elastic fibre
A. Prokaryotic cell B. H-zone – Only thick filament
B. Absence of nuclear membrane C. I-band – Thick filament
C. Presence of mitochondria D. A-band – Both actin and myosin
D. Unicellular 86. Which one is a cartilaginous fish?
78. Which human WBCs are the largest in size and A. Labeo B. Rohu
phagocytic? C. Scoliodon D. Catla
A. Basophils B. Neutrophils 87. Which one shows alternation of generation?
C. Monocytes D. Eosinophils A. Hydra B. Obelia
79. Which one has the ability to live in extreme C. Sycon D. Pleurobrachia
saline habitats? 88. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood
A. Thermoacidophiles B. Halophiles from lungs to heart?
C. Methanogens D. Cyanobacteria A. Pulmonary artery
80. Which is the correct sequence of taxonomic B. Pulmonary vein
categories? C. Aorta
A. Genus → Order → Class → Family → D. Coronary vein
Phylum 89. Which of the following causes citrus canker
B. Species → Genus → Family → Order → disease?
Class A. Bacteriophage B. Bacterium
C. Family → Genus → Class → Order → C. Virus D. Viroid
Phylum 90. Which of the following is the largest isolated
D. Genus → Species → Class → Order → single cell?
Family A. Egg of ostrich B. Egg of hen
81. Which of the following is unicellular and C. Nerve cell D. RBC
eukaryotic?
A. Bacteria B. Chlamydomonas
C. Nostoc D. Mycoplasma
82. Which kingdom has organisms that are
heterotrophic and absorb nutrients from dead