III Semester
Course 7: Computer Organization
Credits -3
Course Objectives
To familiarize with organizational aspects of memory, processor and I/O.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
1. Identify different types of instructions
2. Differentiate between micro-programmed and hard-wired control units.
3. Analyse the performance of hierarchical organization of memory.
4. Summarize different data transfer techniques.
5. Demonstrate arithmetic operations on fixed- and floating-point numbers and illustrate
concepts of parallel processing.
UNIT – I
Register Transfer Language and Micro Operations: Introduction- Functional units, computer
registers, register transfer language, register transfer, bus and memory transfers, arithmetic, logic and
shift micro-operations, arithmetic logic shift unit.
Basic Computer Organization and Design: Instruction codes, instruction cycle.
Register reference instructions, Memory – reference instructions, input – output and interrupt.
UNIT – II
CPU and Micro Programmed Control: Central Processing unit: Introduction, instruction formats,
addressing modes.Control memory, address sequencing, design of control unit - hard wired control, micro
programmed control.
UNIT – III
Memory Organization: Memory hierarchy, main memory, auxiliary memory, associative memory,
cache Memory and mappings.
UNIT – IV
Input-Output Organization: Peripheral Devices, input-output interface, asynchronous data transfer,
modes of transfer- programmed I/O, priority interrupt, direct memory access, Input – Output
Processor (IOP).
UNIT – V
Computer Arithmetic and Parallel Processing: Data representation- fixed point, floating point,
addition and subtraction, multiplication and division algorithms.
Parallel Processing-Parallel Processing, Pipelining, Arithmetic Pipeline, Instruction Pipeline.
Text Books:
1. M. Moris Mano, “Computer Systems Architecture”, 3rd edition, Pearson/ PHI.
Reference Books:
1. Carl Hamacher, ZvonksVranesic, SafeaZaky, “Computer Organization”, 5th edition,McGraw
Hill.
2. William Stallings, “Computer Organization and Architecture”, 8th edition, Pearson/PHI.
SUGGESTED CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES & EVALUATION METHODS:
Unit 1: Activity: Quiz competition on micro-operations.
Evaluation Method: Accuracy and speed in answering quiz questions.
Unit 2: Activity: Instruction Format Puzzle: Solving a puzzle to decode and understand instruction
formats.
Evaluation Method: Accuracy and speed in completing the puzzle.
Unit 3: Activity: Memory Hierarchy Poster: Creating informative posters or infographics on memory
hierarchy.
Evaluation Method: Clarity of information, presentation and creativity of visual design.
Unit 4: Activity: I/O Troubleshooting Challenge
Evaluation Method: problem identification, feasibility of proposed solutions, and clarity of
explanations.
Unit 5: Activity: Case Study on Parallel processing architecture.
Evaluation Method: Understanding of parallel processing concepts and architectures.
III Semester
Course 3: Computer Organization
Credits -1
Lab Experiments
1. Implement a C program to convert a Hexadecimal, octal, and binary number to decimal
number vice versa.
2. Implement a C program to perform Binary Addition & Subtraction.
3. Implement a C program to perform Multiplication of two binary numbers.
4. Implement arithmetic micro-operations using logic gates.
5. Implement logic and shift micro-operations using logic gates.
6. Implement a C program to perform Multiplication of two binary numbers (signed) using
Booth’s Algorithms.
7. Implement a C program to perform division of two binary numbers (Unsigned) using
restoring division algorithm.
8. Implement a C program to perform division of two binary numbers (Unsigned) using non-
restoring division algorithm.
9. Write assembly language code for A+B*(C-D) using various instruction formats in MASM or
any open-source assembler.
10. Write assembly language code for A+B*C using various addressing modes in MASM or any
open-source assembler.
