HEALTH

 an ideal hotbed for

 atypical/asymptomatic
 contract a disease/malady/plague
 physical faculty/vigour/ stamina/ robustness
 kill st on contact: giết cái gì thông qua tiếp xúc
 asphyxiate: make sb unable to breath, usually resulting in their death
 sobriety: the state of being sober (trạng thái tỉnh táo)
 tone up = get lean
 make st through: to not die because of an illness
 Taper off the medication: giảm lượng thuốc
 recuperative: to help you to become well after illness
 seek solace: find st to make you better
 the great boon to: sự phát triển của (Cosmetic surgery)
 convalescence: the process of resting in order to get better after an illness or
operation
 the outbreak: sự bùng phát

ENVIRONMENT
 a cataclysm: an event causes a lot of destruction and violent changes
 restore ecological (im) balance = remedy the environment
 deplete=exploit=abuse=degrade the environment
 pall: st heavy or dark which covers st else like dust or smoke
 incipient: something is just beginning
 the winds are battering Florida: tới tấp
 global temperature anomalies: những dị thường về mặt nhiệt độ toàn cầu
 the brittle ecosystem (n) hệ sinh thái mong manh dễ vỡ
 irrigation: the practice of supplying land with water so that crops and plants will
grow
 sewage disposal: loại bỏ nước thải
 sewage disinfection: sự khử trùng nước thải
 remission: a period of time when an illness is less severe or is not affecting
someone
 a decarbonized future
 petrol-guzzling

EMOTION AND MANNER

 quiver with (emotion) ~ reverberate with = be tremulous (run rẩy) with ! be carried
away with= box ourselves in = be consumed with ~ well up with (pride)
  be tinged with + emotion: have a slight pang (a sudden sharp feeling, often
painful) of feelings
 Writh/incur + (negative emotion): experience negative feelings
 lamentable = heartwrenching
 face melancholy = be anguished = be melancholic = be down in the dumps = tug
at sb’s heartstrings
 dejected = depressed = dispirited ~ in the depth of despair = morose = downcast
= disconsolate = dismal (sad and without hope)
 Miserabilism: gloomy pessimism or negativity
 Poignant: painfully affecting the feelings
 neuroticism: sự bất ổn về mặt cảm xúc
 ecstasy = euphoria= elation= afterglow = perk/crease up (v)= exhilarated = alight
= bliss out on something = jubilant/jaunty (a) => radiant: obviously very happy/
very excited => fire of fierce elation
 rolling in the aisles: cười lăn cười bò
 A cloud hanging over me: a feeling of irritation, disturbance or misfortunes
 get mad = see red = fly off the handle = be sullen (be angry and unwilling to smile
or be pleasant to people) = rant and rave = show your teeth = go benverk =
get/have your dander up = blow a fuse
 With bated breath: háo hức, hồi hộp
 To be a nice day’s wonder: to be a course of great excitement
 air a genuine grievance => an air of optimism (C2)
 Take heart from: be proud of
 a flicker/trace of emotion
 enamour = infatuate: say đắm (+with)

GENDER
 uphold women’s rights = emancipate
 upend/ditch/jettison the residue of mindsets: cập nhật/ xóa đi sự tồn tại của
mindsets
 perpetuate their beliefs
 rescind rights: từ bỏ
 transient gender movements/ online hashtags/ cyber watchwords: những cuộc
vận động tạm thời

EDUCATION:
 impart/disseminate/teach/educate/ instruct +sb
 peruse /delve into/ plough through st= hammer away at >< get a muddle about
(C2): in a confused state
 copious information (n) những nguồn thông tin dồi dào
 consummate skills (n) kĩ năng điêu luyện
 a mine of information: b who knows a lot and shares their knowledge
 tertiary education = university = third - level educationget many irons in the fire
(I): có nhiều việc cùng một lúc
 get the gist of = get the thrust of
 slow-witted: not clever and therefore slow to understand st >< wit: (C1)
intelligence and ability to think quickly (2) scintillating
 diligent: cẩn thận, put a lot of efforts
 amass st: get a lot of st over a long period
 With a fine-tooth comb: carefully and in detail
 finesse (C2) (n/v) great skill and ability => finesse st: make a clean sweep of st
 unsung profession: not noticed or praised for their hard work or great
achievements
 sage (a/n) wise, especially as a result of great experience
 exposure (C1) = experience
 furnish us with many useful insights into
 puritanical: believe in the notion that you need to work hard to control yourself,
and pleasure is unnecessary => a puritanic upbringing: một sự giáo dục khắt
khe
 heuristics: a way of solving problems by yourself and learning from your
experience

TECHNOLOGY
 manoeuvre = thumb through the Internet
 security protocols (n) giao thức bảo mật
 intermediaries = go-betweens
 tech-savvy (a) am hiểu công nghệ cao = geek
 encode (V): mã hóa
 a synergy between physical and digital elements : sự kết hợp giữa sức người và
sức máy
 silver surfer: người cao tuổi sử dụng Internet
 to do st on the move: vừa di chuyển vừa làm gì đó
 Tiktok’s frictionless personalization: sự cá nhân hóa nhanh chóng
 Give chapter and verse on st: get full information of
 contraption: an awkward or old-fashioned looking device or machine
 the vanguard: a group of people who lead the development of new ideas or
inventions
 conceive: to invent a plan or idea
 fine-tune: to make small changes to something
 algorithm: thuật toán
 bleeding-edge technology: tech could have a high risk of being unreliable
 nanscent (a) còn non trẻ (field)
 ENTERTAINMENT AND MEDIA
 to lead to a spike = dẫn đến sự tăng đột biến
 to be upended many times = được nâng cấp lên nhiều lần
 to monetize content = kiếm tiền từ nội dung
 to boost media consumption = nâng cao việc tiêu thụ phương tiện truyền thông
 the free movement of people to produce and consume content = sự lưu thông
tự do của mọi người để sản xuất và tiêu thụ nội dung
 information inequalities = sự bất bình đẳng về thông tin
 to offset the cost of producing content with advertising = bù đắp chi phí sx nội
dung bằng quảng cáo
 digital enhancement/retouching = photoshop
 personage = public figures = celebrities
 jetset celebrity: who are rich, successful and luxurious
 cyber espionage: gián điệp qua mạng
 cast stones: ném đá qua mạng
 face the axe: hứng chịu búa rìu dư luận
 blandishments: pleasant words to persuade sb
 impugn other’s reputation = challenge =dig up dirt on sb
 unsubstantiated/unjustifiable information = media confection
 Lend topicality to: trở thành chủ đề cho
 Infomercial: advert
 snark: critical comments made to hurt others
 Fourth Estate: the public press/ the mass media
 Fifth State: non-traditional media
 apposite: suitable and right for the occasion
 a circulation of newspaper: mật độ phát hành báo
 box-office success: a very successful film (blockbuster) or play
 soap opera (B1): a series of TV or radio programmes about the lives and problems of a
particular group of characters
 the murmurings of discontent
 confer information: exchange information
 ephemeral (fame): lasting for a very short time

CULTURE AND RELIGION

 Culture clash (cuộc đụng độ văn hóa do khác biệt văn hóa)
Example: The culture clash between traditional values and modern lifestyles often leads to
misunderstandings in immigrant families.

 Chauvinistic (a) (tin tưởng vào điều gì đó một cách vô lý, đặc biệt là về sự ưu việt của quốc
gia, giới tính hoặc nhóm của mình)
✅ Nghĩa đúng, nhưng thường dùng cho sự thiên vị quá mức về quốc gia, giới tính (nam
chauvinism), hoặc nhóm xã hội nào đó.

Example: His chauvinistic attitude made it impossible for him to accept that a woman could be a
better leader than a man.

 Pigeonhole (v) (định kiến, dán nhãn ai đó một cách cứng nhắc)
✅ Nghĩa đúng: To unfairly categorize someone or something.

Example: She didn’t want to be pigeonholed as just a romantic novelist; she wanted to explore
different genres.

 Inculcate (v) (cố gắng khắc sâu một niềm tin bằng cách lặp đi lặp lại)
Example: Schools should inculcate a sense of responsibility in students from an early age.

 Precept (n) (quy tắc hành động hoặc ứng xử, đặc biệt là từ đạo đức)
Example: One of the main precepts of Buddhism is to avoid harming any living being.

 St endemic throughout the country (cái gì đặc thù của một vùng)
Example: Malaria is endemic throughout certain tropical regions, making preventive measures
essential.

 Martyr (n) (người bị giết vì niềm tin văn hóa, tôn giáo)
Example: Joan of Arc is remembered as a martyr who died for her faith and her country.

 Be hard-wired into (được lập trình, ăn sâu, đóng khung vào)

Example: The fear of snakes seems to be hard-wired into the human brain.

 Fixe idée = Prejudices (hold sway) (định kiến, có ảnh hưởng mạnh mẽ)
Example: His fixe idée about the superiority of his own culture prevented him from appreciating
others.

 A foreboding/presentiment of danger (cảm giác sắp có điều tồi tệ xảy ra)

Example: As she entered the abandoned house, a foreboding of danger sent chills down her
spine.

 Decorum (sự đúng mực, lịch thiệp)

Example: He maintained perfect decorum during the formal dinner, impressing the guests.

 Antiquated relics of a bygone era (những thứ cũ kỹ của một thời đại xa xưa)
Example: The typewriter is now an antiquated relic of a bygone era.

 Omnipotent (có quyền lực vô hạn, có thể làm mọi thứ)

Example: In many religions, God is described as omnipotent, having control over all things.
In an increasingly globalized world, culture clash between generations and communities is
inevitable. Some people, influenced by deeply ingrained fixe idées, tend to pigeonhole others
based on their background or beliefs. This is especially evident when it comes to traditions that
have been hard-wired into society for centuries. For instance, in certain cultures, strict standards
of decorum are still considered mandatory, whereas in more modern societies, people tend to
value personal freedom more. However, it is undeniable that some antiquated relics of a
bygone era still hold deep spiritual significance, helping individuals stay connected to their
roots. The key is not to completely erase traditional beliefs but to learn how to approach them
with flexibility, rather than allowing them to hold sway rigidly over modern life.

Trong một thế giới ngày càng toàn cầu hóa, culture clash giữa các thế hệ và cộng đồng là điều
không thể tránh khỏi. Một số người, bị ảnh hưởng bởi những fixe idées ăn sâu trong tư tưởng, có
xu hướng pigeonhole người khác dựa trên xuất thân hoặc niềm tin của họ. Điều này đặc biệt rõ
ràng khi nói đến những truyền thống được hard-wired into xã hội trong nhiều thế kỷ. Chẳng
hạn, ở một số nền văn hóa, những chuẩn mực ứng xử nghiêm ngặt về decorum vẫn được coi là
điều bắt buộc, trong khi ở các xã hội hiện đại hơn, con người có xu hướng coi trọng sự tự do cá
nhân hơn. Tuy nhiên, không thể phủ nhận rằng những antiquated relics of a bygone era đôi khi
vẫn mang giá trị tinh thần sâu sắc, giúp kết nối con người với cội nguồn của họ. Điều quan trọng
không phải là xóa bỏ hoàn toàn những niềm tin truyền thống, mà là học cách nhìn nhận chúng
một cách linh hoạt, thay vì để chúng hold sway một cách cứng nhắc trong đời sống hiện đại.

CRIME AND POLITICS

 Convicted felons (n) (phạm trọng tội, đã bị kết án)

 Example: In many countries, convicted felons lose their right to vote.

 Felony (n) (trọng tội, thường là tội nghiêm trọng như giết người, hiếp dâm, phản quốc)

 Example: He was charged with a felony after being caught smuggling drugs across the
border.

 Misdemeanor (n) (hành vi sai trái mức độ nhẹ, nhẹ hơn felony)

 Example: Parking in a no-parking zone is considered a misdemeanor in most cities.

 Pandemonium = Anarchy = Turbulence = Brawl (sự hỗn loạn, náo động)

✅ Đúng nghĩa, nhưng cần chú ý sắc thái:

 Pandemonium: chaos, thường do đám đông gây ra.

 Anarchy: hỗn loạn do không có chính quyền kiểm soát.
 Turbulence: hỗn loạn mang tính động lực, như thị trường tài chính hoặc chuyến bay.
 Brawl: cuộc ẩu đả, đánh nhau.
  Example (Pandemonium): The courtroom descended into pandemonium when the verdict
was announced.

 Exodus = sự di cư hàng

Example (Exodus): The war triggered a mass exodus of refugees fleeing the country.

 Political foes (kẻ thù chính trị)

Example: The senator and his political foes engaged in a heated debate over the new policy.

 Political ploy (mưu đồ chính trị)

Example: His sudden generosity towards the working class was merely a political ploy to win
votes.

 Caucus = Juggernauts = Colossus (nhóm quyền lực chính trị)

❌ Không hoàn toàn đồng nghĩa.
✅ Caucus là nhóm nhỏ trong chính trị có ảnh hưởng lớn. Juggernaut là thế lực mạnh mẽ không
thể ngăn cản. Colossus ám chỉ một cá nhân/tổ chức có tầm ảnh hưởng cực lớn.

 Example (Caucus): The Democratic caucus met to discuss the upcoming election
strategy.

 Inveigh against = Take issue with (phản đối mạnh mẽ)

Example: The activist inveighed against the government’s policy on climate change.

 The stench of impeachment will cling to him (tiếng xấu từ cuộc luận tội vẫn đeo bám ông
ta)
Example: Even though he was acquitted, the stench of impeachment will cling to him throughout
his career.

 Political move/footwork (bước tiến chính trị)

Example: His decision to negotiate with the opposition was a strategic political move.

 Beat the rap (thoát tội mà không bị trừng phạt)

Example: Despite overwhelming evidence, the corrupt businessman managed to beat the rap.

 Commit a crime = Perpetrate a crime = Carry out a crime = Violate/Breach the law
(phạm tội, vi phạm luật)
Example: He was arrested for perpetrating a crime against the state.

 Strike an upbeat tone about st (thể hiện sự lạc quan về một vấn đề)
Example: The president struck an upbeat tone about the economy despite rising inflation.

 Renege on st (thất hứa, không thực hiện cam kết)

Example: The company reneged on its promise to raise salaries.
 Ratify a deal (phê chuẩn thỏa thuận)
Example: The two countries ratified a trade deal after months of negotiation.

 Incite sb to N (kích động ai làm điều không tốt)

Example: The leader was accused of inciting his followers to violence.

 Trumped-up charges (buộc tội vô căn cứ)

Example: The journalist was arrested on trumped-up charges to silence his criticism of the
government.

 Self-confessed criminal = Avowed criminal (tội phạm tự thú, công khai thừa nhận)
Example: The self-confessed criminal provided crucial testimony in the trial.

 Strings attached (điều kiện ràng buộc)

 Example: The financial aid came with strings attached, requiring the country to
implement economic reforms.

 Rescind (hủy bỏ hiệu lực của luật hoặc thỏa thuận)

Example: The government decided to rescind the outdated regulation.

 Stratagem (chiến lược khéo léo để đạt mục đích).

 Example: The candidate’s clever stratagem helped him secure the majority vote.

 Assail/Criticize (tấn công hoặc chỉ trích mạnh mẽ)

Example: The press assailed the minister for his mishandling of the crisis.

 Injurious Falsehood (lời nói dối làm tổn hại danh tiếng của một sản phẩm/dịch vụ)
Example: The company sued its competitor for spreading injurious falsehoods about its product.

 Duress (áp lực bên ngoài buộc ai đó phạm tội)

Example: He claimed that he committed the crime under duress.

 Stern critique (sự chỉ trích mạnh mẽ)

Example: The report offered a stern critique of the government’s handling of the pandemic.

 Cook the books (gian lận sổ sách kế toán)

Example: The CEO was arrested for cooking the books to hide financial losses.

 Denigrate (hạ thấp, bôi nhọ ai đó hoặc cái gì đó)

Example: He was accused of denigrating his colleagues to gain a promotion.

 Political wrangle (cuộc tranh cãi chính trị)

Example: The bill's passage led to a heated political wrangle in parliament.
 Political wimp (người yếu đuối, thiếu tự tin trong chính trị)

 Example: Critics accused the president of being a political wimp for avoiding tough
decisions.

In the ever-turbulent world of politics, political foes constantly deploy political ploys to
undermine their opponents. Some leaders, despite being self-confessed criminals, still manage
to beat the rap by exploiting legal loopholes or even cooking the books to conceal financial
misconduct. Such scandals often spark intense political wrangles, where opposing factions
relentlessly assail each other with accusations—sometimes mere trumped-up charges designed
to tarnish reputations. Meanwhile, weak-willed politicians, often dismissed as political wimps,
tend to renege on their promises to avoid public backlash. Yet, no matter how much they try to
strike an upbeat tone about their policies, once tainted by impeachment, the stain never truly
fades—as the saying goes, the stench of impeachment will cling to him for the rest of his career.

Dịch : Trong bối cảnh chính trị đầy biến động, nhiều political foes không ngừng sử dụng các
political ploys để bôi nhọ đối thủ của mình. Một số lãnh đạo, mặc dù từng là self-confessed
criminals, vẫn tìm cách beat the rap bằng cách lợi dụng kẽ hở pháp lý hoặc thậm chí cook the
books để che giấu sai phạm tài chính. Những vụ bê bối như vậy thường dẫn đến một cuộc
political wrangle, nơi các phe phái đối lập liên tục assail lẫn nhau bằng những cáo buộc, đôi khi
chỉ là trumped-up charges nhằm làm suy yếu uy tín của đối phương. Trong khi đó, những chính
trị gia yếu kém, hay còn gọi là political wimps, thường chọn cách renege on lời hứa của mình
để tránh đối mặt với sức ép dư luận. Tuy nhiên, dù có cố gắng strike an upbeat tone about các
chính sách của mình, một khi vướng vào một cuộc luận tội, "mùi hôi" của nó – như câu nói the
stench of impeachment will cling to him – sẽ theo họ đến suốt sự nghiệp.

ECONOMICS
1. industry mogul/giant/tycoon/behemoth/big guns (n) – Ông trùm ngành

🔹 Example: Elon Musk is a true industry mogul, dominating both the automotive and space
industries.

2. economic/financial/monetary burden, constraints, woes = austerity, destitution – Gánh

nặng kinh tế/tài chính, sự nghèo khổ

✅ Đúng nghĩa

 Austerity: Chính sách thắt lưng buộc bụng của chính phủ.

 Destitution: Nghèo đói cực độ, không có nhu cầu cơ bản.

🔹 Example: The economic crisis has pushed many families into destitution, struggling to afford
basic needs.

3. can ill afford – Không đủ khả năng chi trả

🔹 Example: After losing his job, he can ill afford to pay for luxury items.
4. keep your head above water (C2) – Cố gắng xoay sở qua khủng hoảng tài chính
🔹 Example: With rising inflation, many small businesses are struggling to keep their heads
above water.

5. economic coercion – Đòn cưỡng chế kinh tế

🔹 Example: The country faced economic coercion as sanctions were imposed by its trade
partners.

6. financial outlay – Khoản chi tiêu tài chính

🔹 Example: The new project required a significant financial outlay to cover research and
development costs.

7. sagacious/shrewd utilization of personal budget – Việc sử dụng ngân sách cá nhân một
cách khôn ngoan

🔹 Example: Her shrewd utilization of personal budget allowed her to save for a house while
still enjoying life.

8. improvident spendthrift – Người tiêu xài hoang phí, thiếu tính toán
🔹 Example: As an improvident spendthrift, he burned through his inheritance in just a few
months.

9. compulsive consumption (C2) – Tiêu dùng quá mức, không kiểm soát được

🔹 Example: Online shopping has led many people to compulsive consumption, buying things
they don’t actually need.

10. trickle-down economics – Hiệu ứng nhỏ giọt (người giàu giúp người nghèo thông qua
chi tiêu và đầu tư)
🔹 Example: Supporters of trickle-down economics argue that tax cuts for the wealthy will boost
overall economic growth.

11. cottage industry – Doanh nghiệp gia đình, sản xuất thủ công nhỏ lẻ
🔹 Example: The local cottage industry specializes in handmade pottery and textiles.

13. whizz-kid – Người trẻ tài giỏi, thành công sớm

🔹 Example: At just 22, he became a financial whizz-kid, making millions from stock trading.

15. speculator/market player – Nhà đầu tư mạo hiểm

🔹 Example: The stock market speculators quickly took advantage of the price fluctuations.

16. windfall/bonanza/prosperity – Sự thịnh vượng, khoản lợi lớn

🔹 Example: Winning the lottery was a complete windfall for him.

17. avarice – Lòng tham vô độ

🔹 Example: His avarice led him to exploit his workers for greater profits.
18. bells and whistles – Những tính năng bổ sung để thu hút người mua
🔹 Example: The latest smartphone is full of bells and whistles, but most users don’t actually
need them.

19. upmarket – Dành cho tầng lớp cao cấp

🔹 Example: This restaurant serves upmarket cuisine, catering to wealthy diners.

20. climb the corporate ladder – Thăng tiến trong sự nghiệp

🔹 Example: She worked tirelessly to climb the corporate ladder, eventually becoming a top
executive.

21. keep oneself above the dreaded poverty threshold – Giữ mình trên mức nghèo khổ
🔹 Example: Many people take on multiple jobs just to keep themselves above the dreaded
poverty threshold.

22. underling – Người có địa vị thấp hơn

🔹 Example: He treated his underlings with little respect, making him unpopular among
employees.

23. upfront – Trả trước, có sẵn

🔹 Example: The company requires an upfront deposit before beginning the project.

24. drain the swamp – Loại bỏ tham nhũng

🔹 Example: The new government promised to drain the swamp and eliminate corruption.

25. flexitime – Hệ thống làm việc linh hoạt về thời gian

🔹 Example: Many companies now offer flexitime, allowing employees to adjust their work
hours.

26. upwardly mobile big-shot + (job) – Người đang thăng tiến nhanh trong sự nghiệp
🔹 Example: As an upwardly mobile big-shot lawyer, he was quickly making a name for
himself.

27. refinement – Sự cải tiến nhỏ giúp cải thiện thứ gì đó

🔹 Example: The new software update includes several refinements to improve user experience.

COMMON USE
 engender= create, yield, concoct
 have a penchant for = have a strong desire for = hankering ~ coveting (‘have sb’s
belongings) = pine for = cry out for = driving ambition for
 be enmeshed in = be involved in
 the blistering/accelerating pace of something
 be receptive to (C2): be willing to listen to and accept new ideas and suggestions
 ripple effect: the continuing and spreading results of an event or action
 gain the upper hand in (n): có được lợi thế
 (n)-monger: a person who encourages a particular activity, usually causing
troubles (ex: war-monger/care-monger
 malign/adverse/ineluctable/disquieting impacts = drawbacks
 (V) en masse: do st in a group/ together
 unwittingly = unintentionally= inadvertently= fancy-fee = footloose = under protest
= involuntarily
 forsooth = indeed
 in with a chance of Ving: have a good chance to V
 Smokescreen: st hides the truth about sb’s intention
 be an allegory for: tượng trưng cho
 leave malignant heirlooms to our descendants: truyền lại/ để lại những thứ
tồn đọng xấu xa cho hậu duệ
 emasculate = weaken = debilitate, incapacitate, abate, exasperate, crumble
 Be charismatic on: have the effect on
 innocuous(a) vô thưởng vô phạt, vô hại
 down-and-out (C2): have no luck, money or opportunities (+N) => elusive
 admonish: advise sb to do something
 insofar as: to the extent that


LITERATURE
 extraordinaire (lit): used to say that someone is extremely good at the activity
mentioned
 emanate ( aura, glow emanates/illuminates) (v) tỏa sáng, phát sáng, phát ra
 be in utter incomprehension of this woman’s gall: không thể hiểu nổi sự đau đớn
 st is the caricature of : bức tranh biếm họa của
 usher sb into another new world: dẫn ai đến một thế giới mới
 neologism: a new word or expression, or a new meaning for an existing word
 All the more reason to V: emphasize another reason why something should
happen
 In accordance with his wont: như là tính khí hàng ngày của anh ta
 With all due respect (adv) to disagree with sb in a very polite way
 thenceforth: after that, from that time forward
 yoke: the connection of something that unfairly limits freedom
 insofar as: to the extent that


CASUAL
 unlooked-for: unpredictable problems
 With all due respect (adv) to disagree with sb in a very polite way
 down-and-out (C2): have no luck, money or opportunities (+N) => elusive
 admonish: advise sb to do something
 dispositional factor: nguyên nhân chủ quan = internal >< situational factors =
external
 serve as a death-knell for: a warning of the end of something
 betide sb: happen to sb
 (st bad) befalls sb: st bad happens to you
 st turns up trumps: st ends up well
 in your element = in a situation that you know well and enjoy
 kick me in the teeth = disappoint me
 bring the curtain down on st = mark the end of
 hedge your bets about something = protect yourself against loss created by st
 laden with: carrying or holding a lot of something
 st at issue is ….: something is most important in what is being discussed
 to be through thick and thin: trải qua những thăng trầm
 a dime a dozen = all the rage = become popular
 carry weight: có tầm quan trọng
 put my head down= let my hair down= blow your steam = unwind
 hold water: (lí thuyết/ ý tưởng) vẫn còn vững vàng, chưa bị đạp đổ
 take the rough with the smooth: kiên nhẫn chịu đựng
 Sb steps into the breaches: help sb to fulfill the tasks
 scrape the bottom of the barrel: have the last resort: use the least desirable
moments
 A blessing in disguise: trong cái rủi có cái may (*)
 close ranks: stay united (to defense against criticism)
 wait out the storm: đợi hết bão
 in over my head: to be involved in a difficult situation that you cannot get out of
 Do st flat out: as fast or hard as you can
 be neck and neck: have an equal chance of winning
 pick up the slack: improve a situation by working or by using people more
efficiently
 have a field day: take advantage of an opportunity
 with a fine-tooth comb: carefully and in detail
 strike gold: to find something that brings you a lot of success or money
 be on the wall: be aware of any changes
 the cream of smt: the best of a particular group of people or things
 be no mean feat (C2): to be a great achievement
 be worth your while (C2): things that will benefit you
 know your stuff/ know your onions (C2): to have good practical skills and
knowledge in a particular subject
 call the tune: be in charge, be responsible for
 to play to your strengths: to do something that you know you are good at
 keep your nose to your stone: push sb to work hard
 wear your heart on the sleeve: honesty
 rough and ready: simple but good enough
 keep nothing amiss: keep something useful and might help to improve a situation
 click into place: diễn ra thuận lợi
 failing that: nếu that fails thì