Importance of Statistics
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ScribdTranslationsImportance of Statistics
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ScribdTranslationsStatistics can be defined asscience whoseobjectiveto gather
oneinformationto facilitate the study ofdatamassive individuals,groups
series of events, etc. and deduce from it, thanks to theanalysisfrom these data, some
precise meanings or some forecasts for the future. Emphasizing the
importance andmethodsfrom statistics as it is related to the study
ofprocesseswhose results are more or less essential and with the aim of
obtain conclusions to make reasonable decisions according to such
observations.
Ultimately, we can say that statistics is a science related to data that
are collected, organized, and analyzed within a temporal reference framework, with the
purpose of knowing averages, trends, and possibilities.
The quality of "science" of statistics is due to the fact that it constitutes a
helper forthe research scientific, by allowing the material to be utilized
quantitative that the observations yield and theexperiments.
Statistical predictions hardly refer to specific events.
but they describe with considerable precision in thebehaviorglobal of greats
sets of specific events. They are predictions that, in general, do not
they tend to be useful.
In its beginnings, statistics was only applied to the study and numerical valuation.
of manifestations inherent to the state, but today it is almost impossible that
any means of dissemination,newspaperradiotelevisionetc, do not approach us
statistical information aboutaccidentstraffic, growth rates of
populationtourismtrendspoliciesetc.
Statistical methods are traditionally used for descriptive purposes,
to organize and summarize numerical data. Thedescriptive statisticsfor example
it deals with data tabulation, its presentation in graphic or illustrative form and
thecalculationof descriptive measures.
APPLICATIONS OF STATISTICS
The techniques statistics himselfthey apply of way broad
inmarketingaccountingquality control and in other activities; studies
of consumers; analysis of results insportsadministrators
ofinstitutions;ineducation;political organisms; medical; and others
people involved in thedecision making.
Although it is commonly associated with demographic and economic studies,
sociological, a large part of the achievements of statistics derive from the interest of
scientists for developing models that explain the behavior of the
properties of matter and biological characteristics. Medicine, biology,
Physics and, ultimately, almost all fields of science use instruments.
fundamental statistical importance for the development of their models of
work.
Statistics is a science of practical application almost universal in all
scientific fields, some of their main areas of application are:
In the natural sciences: it is used profusely in the description of
complex thermodynamic models (statistical mechanics), in quantum physics,
in fluid mechanics or in the kinetic theory of gases, among many others
fields.
In the social and economic sciences: it is a basic pillar of development
demography and applied sociology.
In economics: it provides the values that help to uncover interrelations.
among multiple macro and microeconomic parameters.
In the medical sciences: allows for the establishment of guidelines on the evolution of the
diseases and the sick, the mortality rates associated with processes
morbid, the degree of effectiveness of a medication, etc.
The applications of statistics are also reflected in daily life, in decisions
as trivial as addressing public transport outside peak hours, or not attending the
supermarket on payday.
These are decisions resulting from the analysis carried out based on experience.
and in the information gathered in similar situations.
These applications of thestatisticsare largely reflected in the decisions
that are taken daily, in most cases unconsciously,
The following details some examples of the application of statistics:
a) In the labor field: Statistics is often used in various areas.
in the labor field. The strategic planning of an organization is supported
fundamentally in forecasting and budgeting studies. The
control mechanisms, managed by the compliance departments, are
they are applied based on the historical results obtained from studies
statistical. For example, policies on accident prevention
work-related documents are prepared based on compiled data related to the
risk factors present in business activity.
b) In the preference for certain brands: Consumers of goods and
services generally express preference for certain brands of
market. This trend is the result of statistical thinking according to the
what durability, quality, and level of satisfaction is represented in
greater measure by these brands.
c) In personal finance: A person's financial planning is
the vivid example of the application of statistics in daily life. The
The relationship between income and expenses determines the current situation of the
person. This data serves as a historical foundation for planning
successive commitments (projections) that require the mapping of certain
strategies to be achieved.
d) In sports: The records of athletes are made based on
of their performance by the number of games or matches they have played
participated. In the case of baseball players, their performance is measured
for their batting average, runs scored, and stolen bases. In the case
For forward football players, the reference pattern is the number of goals.
by matches played. The statistical data collected constitutes
objective elements that lead to better utilization of resources and
the training sessions. This is how athletes are able to reach their maximum
performance.
e) In sales: The world of sales is planned based on analysis
detailed about the needs of consumers, their tastes and
their preferences. The measurement of service quality, of the level of
customer satisfaction and sales strategies themselves are
determined by the application of statistical techniques. The teams of
sales are evaluated based on frequency tables. The results of
these evaluations are converted into parameters that determine their
levels of effectiveness.
THE IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICS IN RESEARCH
SCIENTIFIC
Statistics is the common link that most research presents.
scientific fields involving data processing and interpretation
prediction of the same. The statistical study takes on special importance
when we conduct research in fields of medical science, where a
Misinterpretation of data can lead to disastrous consequences for the
population.
Statistics provides us with tools that range from analysis and interpretation
from data (descriptive statistics), to the process of prediction and decision making
(inferential statistics). Its importance has grown to such an extent that it appears in
practically all areas of work, being a clear factor in the predictions
and decision making based on observed data. However, there is a requirement.
It is essential that the researcher has certain knowledge.
basics about statistics to avoid reaching incorrect conclusions. This
affirmation has critical importance when we talk about research
medics linked to the study of the efficacy of a new drug.
The most important task of statistics is to provide alternatives.
quantitative to mere personal judgment, so that we draw conclusions
objectives. Significance tests are considered one of the
most important tools in this kind of subjective decision-making, because,
through them, decisions can be made that initially do not depend on the
person who carries them out.
Statistics is essential for understanding the behavior of certain
events, which has taken on a key role in research. It is used as a
valuable assistant and in the different fields of knowledge and in the varied
sciences. It is a language that allows communication of information based on data
Quantitative. Statistics is of great importance in scientific research.
due to:
It allows for a more accurate description.
It forces us to be clear and precise in our procedures and in our
to think.
It allows for a significant and comfortable summary of the results.
It allows us to draw general conclusions.
As we see, unlike other branches of mathematics that have a part
the importance of abstraction, statistics has direct and concrete applications in
real life as it takes the numbers and figures from different social phenomena such as
for example unemployment, the mortality rate, the birth rate, and many others
even more complex data.
Statistics have a utility in all types of scientific research if it is taken into account.
Keep in mind that statistical data is the result of several cases among the
which takes an average. Thus, a statistic can serve for a
scientific research by demonstrating that a certain percentage of cases
observed represented a particular result and not another. It is also used by
example to know the planet we live on and give us data about the
proportions of renewable resources, over the surfaces of the countries, the
presence of certain biomes or not, etc.
PRACTICAL PROBLEM:
A rat is placed in a box with three buttons of red, blue, and white colors.
If you press the levers twice at random:
a) What is the probability of pressing the red button both times?
b) What is the probability that it is pressed the first time or the second or both
blue key?
Solution:
a) For him to press the red button twice, it must happen that the first time he presses the
Red and the second one, I also pressed the red, that is to say, that the event is verified.
(R1 C R2).
Now, since both events are independent, the probability of the
Intersection is equal to the product of the probabilities of both events.
The probability of these events is determined by Laplace's rule of
favorable cases (one), party by possible cases (three)
P (R1 C R2) = P (R1) · P (R2) = 1/3 · 1/3 = 1/9.
b) In this section, we are asked for the probability of the union of the events 'pulsar
blue the first time and blue button the second.
Now, these two events are not incompatible, then the probability of the
union will be equal to the sum of the probabilities minus the probability of the
intersection. The probability of the intersection, just like in the previous section,
it is calculated based on the fact that they are independent.
P (A1 E A2) = P (A1) + P (A2)–P (A1 C A2) = 1/3 + 1/3–1/9 = 5/9.