CÁC DẠNG NGỮ PHÁP
1. Câu Bị động
2. Hiện tại hoàn thành, hiện tại tiếp diễn, tương lai (will, be going to…)
3. How/ when/ while/ who/ which/ that…
4. Whenever/ whatever/ whoever
5. Not only + đảo ngữ + S +V, but also S + V
6. No longer
7. Hopefully
8. It could be possible reduce …
9. … and therefore leads to…
10. …. who put the salary on the first place.
11. … resulting…
12. If/ Even if/ Unless → If (bị động) , S + V (bị động)
13. Because of that / That’s why/ Thanks to (exotic cultures)
14. Gerund/ Past participle
15. So sánh: hơn, so sánh nhất, so sánh tăng cấp
16. Modal verbs: may/ could/ can/ should/ ought to
had better + Vo (nên)
possibly/ probably/ be likely + Vo
likely + Vo/ be able to + Vo
17. … as soon as possible
18. in terms of / particular as regards + N
19. associated with ….
20. for the sake of + Ving/ Noun (vì mục đích) I studied hard because of/ for the sake
of passing the final exam.
MỘT SỐ CẤU TRÚC CÂU
1. Those + who + V1 + V2
2. S + V, which V (số ít)
3. (That + S + V) + V (số ít)
4. It + be + adj + for sb to do sth
S + find it + adj + to do sth
5. By doing sth, S + V (cùng 1 chủ ngữ)
6. If + S + V present, S + could / might + Vo
7. S + V + not only + O1 + but also + O2
…not only … but also
…as well as …
… both …. and…
8. Not only + V (đảo ngữ) + S, but also + S + V
9. Only when + S + V, can + S + V
10. S + V , thus/ thereby + V-ing
11. Along with…., S + V
CHO VÍ DỤ
S+V such as A , B and C
namely
including
like
S, for example , +V
for instance
Many = a number of + Noun (số nhiều)
a wide range of
a host of
an array of
numerous
LINKING WORDS
1. LISTING
• Firstly/ Secondly/ Thirdly
• Lastly/ Last but not least
• Finally,
2. ADDITING INFORMATION
• In addition/ Additionally
• Furthermore/ Moreover
• Also/ Not ony … but also
• As well as/ and..
3. GIVING EXAMPLE
• For example/ for instance
• One clear / apparent example is …
• Such as/ namely/ like / including
• To illustrate/ In other words
4. RESULTS AND CONSEQUENCES
• As a result/ Consequently/ As a consequence
• Therefore/ Thus / Hence
• So/ For this reason
5. HIGHLIGHTING AND STREESING
• Paticularly/ in particular
• Especially/ specifically
• Obviously/ of course
• Clearly
6. CONCESSIONS AND CONTRAST
• Admittedly
• However/ Nevertheless
• Though/ Although/ Even though + S + V
• But
• despite/ In spite of + Noun / Noun phrase
• Still/ On the other hand
• By contrast/ Alternatively
• In comparison
• Another option could be
7. REASONS AND CAUSES
• Because/ since/ as + S + V (since/ as: thường đứng đầu câu)
• Due to/ owing to + Noun/ noun phrase/ V-ing
8. GIVING YOUR OPINIONS
• In my opinion/ I think/ I believe
• I admit/ In my view/ In my point of view
• I concur/ I agree
• I disagree/ I cannot accept
9. CONCLUDING LINKERS
• In conclusion,
• To conclude,
• To sum up,
TÍNH TỪ/ TRẠNG TỪ BẤT QUY TẮC
good/ well--> better --> the best
far --> farther/ further --> the farthest/ furthest
bad --> worse --> the worst
many/ much --> more --> the most
little --> less --> the least
