Christianity
Learning
Competency:
Examine the brief
history, core teaching,
fundamental beliefs,
practices and related
issues of Christianity
Christianity
“Christianity” is considered the
World’s largest religion, based on
the teachings of Jesus Christ who is
considered the Son of God, and
Messiah or Savior.
As of 2024, there are more than
2.5 billion Christians all over the
world, which make up more than
31% of the world’s population of
8.2 billion(Countrymeters.info)
As of 2024, there are more than
2.5 billion Christians all over the
world, which make up more than
31% of the world’s population of
8.2 billion(Countrymeters.info)
“Christianity” is a religion that is very
familiar to Filipinos. It is because the
Philippines has become
predominantly Catholic since the
spaniards occupied the country
from the 16th to the 19th centuries.
As of 2024, there are estimated 108
million Filipino Christians that make
up more than 92.6% of the
country's population of 117 million.
(Countrymeters.info)
“Christianity” it centers
on the life, teachings,
death, and resurrection
of Jesus Christ, who is
considered the
Messiah or savior of
humanity.
• Christianity shares may similarities with Judaism in terms of
belief in prophets, angels, judgement day.
• Christianity is considered one of the world religions which
traces its origins to the patriarch Abraham.
The cross serves as a
symbol of Jesus Christ’s
victory over sins when
he died on the cross
for humanity’s
redemption and
salvation.
God is seen as the creator and
maintainer of the universe, and
is believed to be
OMNIPOTENT(all-powerful),
OMNISCIENT (all-knowing),
OMNIPRESENT (all-present), and
OMNIBENEVOLENT (all-good).
Luke 22:42
Christians believe in the
holy trinity, which means
that God is composed of
Three persons:
GOD THE FATHER,
SON (JESUS CHRIST),
AND THE HOLY SPIRIT
In Matthew 28:19, it is stated that: “Go
therefore and make disciples of all nations,
baptizing them in the name of the Father
and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.” In 2
Corinthians 13: 1: “The grace of the Lord
Jesus Christ and the love of God and the
fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.”
Sacred
Scriptures
The “Bible” is considered the sacred scripture of
Christianity. It is a collection of songs, stories,
poetry, letters, history, as well as literature. It is
composed of two books, the Old Testament and
the New Testament. The Old Testament is
considered the original Hebrew Bible, written
between 1200 and 165 B.C.E. The New Testament
was written by Christians around 100 C.E.
“New Testament””
“Old Testament”
Protestants-
Protestants- 39 Books Catholics- 27 books
Catholics- 46 books Eastern and
Eastern and Orthodox-49 Orthodox
Subdivisions
Sects
Roman Catholicism
Greek/Eastern Orthodox
Protestantism
Etc.
Roman
Catholicism
Roman Catholicism
It claims to trace its history to Jesus
Christ and the Apostles
Roman Catholicism
Over the course of centuries it
developed a highly sophisticated
theology and an elaborate
organizational structure headed by the
papacy, the oldest continuing absolute
monarchy in the world.
Roman Catholicism
Members of the
church called
“Roman Catholic”
Roman Catholicism
Religious leaders
Roman Catholicism
1. POPE- Head of the Church.
Religious/Political
2. CARDINALS- Appointed by the Pope.
Elect new pope. Congregations
3. BISHOPS/ARCHBISHOPS
Roman Catholicism
4. PRIESTS-Responsible for the administering of the
sacraments, Eucharist, marriage, baptism, and
Confirmation.
5. DEACON-are ordained as a sacramental sign to the
Church and to the world of Christ, who came "to serve
and not to be served.“
Roman Catholicism
4. PRIESTS-Responsible for the administering of the
sacraments, Eucharist, marriage, baptism, and
Confirmation.
5. DEACON-are ordained as a sacramental sign to the
Church and to the world of Christ, who came "to serve
and not to be served.“
6. Laity- The People
Roman Catholicism
4. PRIESTS-Responsible for the administering of the
sacraments, Eucharist, marriage, baptism, and
Confirmation.
5. DEACON-are ordained as a sacramental sign to the
Church and to the world of Christ, who came "to serve
and not to be served.“
6. Laity- The People
Greek/Eastern
Orthodoxy
Greek/Eastern
Orthodoxy
Another major doctrinal and
jurisdictional group of Christianity.
Named as “Orthodox Catholic Church”
Greek/Eastern
Orthodoxy
The majority of Eastern Orthodox Catholicc live
in Greece, Eastern Europe, The Caucasus and
Russia, with less numerous communities in the
former Byzantine regions of the Middle East and
around the Eastern Mediteranean.
Greek/Eastern
Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodox Church declares that it is the
One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church
established by Jesus Christ in his great commission
to the Apostles.
The original Christian faith and claims to keep the
sacred tradition passed down from the apostles.
Greek/Eastern
Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodox Church declares that it is the
One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church
established by Jesus Christ in his great commission
to the Apostles.
The original Christian faith and claims to keep the
sacred tradition passed down from the apostles.
Greek/Eastern
Orthodoxy
It teaches that all bishops are equal by
virtue of their ordination and has no
central governing structure analogous
to the Papacy in the Roman Catholic
Church
Greek/Eastern
Orthodoxy
The Great Schism (A.D. 1054)
Dispute over Doctrine
The Authority of Papacy
Protestantism
Protestantism
Religious Movement started in northern
Europe in the early 16th century as a
reaction to the medieval Roman
Catholic doctrines and Practices
Protestantism
The date usually cited as the start of the
Protestant movement is 1517, based on
the date of Martin Luther’s first act of
dissent, which was the public posting of
his 95 Theses, criticizing Roman Catholic
doctrines and practices
Protestantism
Luther had no intention of establishing a
new religion called Protestantism, but
merely intended to reform the Catholic
Church.
Protestantism
Protestants share an adherence to the
centrality of the Bible.
Rejects the Catholic apocryphal books.
Protestantism
Rejects most Catholic rituals and
Sacraments
It advocates, instead, the doctrine of
salvation through faith (Alone) in Jesus
Christ.
Protestantism
Other protestant denominations:
1. Baptists
2. Presbyterians
3. Pentecostals
4. United Church of Christ
There are various Christian religious
groups which are not affiliated to
Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodox
and Protestantism.
Philippine-born Examples include:
1. Aglipayan Church
2. Iglesia Ni Cristo(Registered by Felix
Y. Manalo with the Philippine
Government on July 27,1914)
Philippine-born Examples include:
1. Aglipayan Church
2. Iglesia Ni Cristo(Registered by Felix
Y. Manalo with the Philippine
Government on July 27,1914)
The
Apostle’s Creed
believed to have developed in the 100 or
200 C.E. It is not written by the apostles
themselves, but it serves as a summary of
their basic teachings
The term “Creed” comes from the word
“Credo” which means to make a statement of
belief or a statement of faith.
The
Lord’s Prayer
Beatitudes
The Latin word for blessed is ‘beatus,’ from
which we get the word “Beatitude”.
Map of life, series of directives helping us on
our journey to be with God(They Guide,
They Point and They Teach).
The Beatitudes comprise what is known as
the “Sermon on the Mount” recorded in
Matthew 5-7. The Beatitudes refer to the
eight sayings of Jesus at the beginning of the
“Sermon on the Mount.”
Issues:
*Ecumenism
*Sexuality Issues
*Family and Divorce
*Capital Punishment
*Euthanasia
Ecumenism
(Greek word “oikouneme” means inhabitated
world and “oikos” meaning house.)
-refers to the effort of the Catholic Church
to sponsor activities and initiatives to
promote mutual understanding and unity
among all Christians.
Sexuality issues
Refers to sexual orientation, sexual activity, and sexual
feelings. Christianity advocates that the goal of sexual
union between men and women is procreation, thus
anything that might hinder this is considered immoral
(condoms, birth control, pills, and IUD’s, among others).
Christianity advocates natural family planning methods
such as the rhythm method. Abortion is also immoral
for life begins at fertilization.
Sexuality issues
Homosexuality Homosexuality refers to
attraction to members of the same sex. The
Catholic Church states that when God created
humans He created male and female only, and
that their union is meant for procreation.
Sexuality issues
The Church does not allow same-sex marriage
and is vocal in opposing homosexual
relationships. The Catholic Church says being
homosexual, however, is not wrong or sinful in
itself, what is sinful is the homosexual acts (sexual
activity). Homosexual persons must be accepted
with respect, compassion, and sensitivity.
Family and Divorce
Family and Divorce The Christian view on
marriage is based on Matthew 19:16, “For this
reason a man will leave his father and mother
and be united to his wife, and the two will
become one flesh’? So they are no longer
two, but one flesh.
Family and Divorce
Therefore what God has joined together, let
man not separate.” Thus, divorce is not
allowed in the Catholic Church, since it
believes in the sanctity of marriage which is a
lifetime bond between a man and a woman.
Capital Punishment
Capital punishment or death penalty wherein
a person is punished by death for his capital
crime goes against the Christian belief that
life is given by God and should not be taken
away by any person.
Euthanasia
Euthanasia or mercy killing is also considered
immoral since it entails taking away what has
been given by God, and that human beings
should not interfere with the natural process
of death.
THANK YOU!
“Do whatever he tells you.”
