Automatic Water Tap Project Description:
Automatic Water Tap– In this Tutorial, you will learn how to make a
low-cost automatic water tap control system without using the Arduino. A
few days back I got a message from Shafeeque who is from India and is one
of my subscribers, that he had a problem in connecting the IR sensor with
the relay to control a solenoid valve. I sent him some voice messages and
explained the whole thing. He was actually inspired by this Project
“Arduino based automatic water tap using a solenoid valve, infrared sensor,
and a relay”. if you want to check this tutorial.
Shafique actually wanted to reduce the price so that’s why he decided not to
use the Arduino and wanted to control the solenoid valve using only the IR
sensor and a relay module. As per his requirement I sent him some circuit
diagrams, he followed my instructions and completed his project
successfully.
So this episode is all about how you can make the same automatic water tap
control system without using the Arduino. Watch Video.
Amazon Links.
solenoid valve:
IR Sensor:
5V 1-Channel Relay Module:
1n4007 diode:
10k Resistor:
2n2222 NPN transistor
12V SPDT Relay:
One-Channel Relay Module:
Other Tools and Components:
Top Arduino Sensors:
Super Starter kit for Beginners
Digital Oscilloscopes
Variable Supply
Digital Multimeter
Soldering iron kits
PCB small portable drill machines
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in this way!
Circuit Diagram of the Automatic Water Tap control System:
This schematic is designed in cadsoft Eagle 9.1.0 version. If you want to
learn how to make a schematic and PCB then watch my tutorial.
First of all, let’s start with the Power Supply. This is a 5v Regulated Power
Supply based on the LM7805 voltage regulator. J2 is the female Power Jack
and this is where we connect a 12v adaptor, Battery or a Solar Panel. By
using the Solar Panel and a small battery you can reduce the electricity bill.
The other advantage of using the Battery is, in case of an emergency
situation, like for example if the power is disconnected from the utility
company still the automatic water tap control system won’t stop working.
In countries like Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, etc where people face heavy
load-shedding battery is the best option. So J2 is the female power jack
where we connect a 12v adaptor, a battery or a solar panel.
A 470uf capacitor is connected at the input side of the lm7805 voltage
regulator. The middle leg of the voltage regulator is connected with the
Ground of the Power supply, and also make sure you connect all the ground
together. Another 470uf capacitor is connected at the output of the voltage
regulator. A 330-ohm resistor is connected in series with a 2.5v led. This is
a current limiting resistor.
The output of the voltage regulator is connected with the VCC pin of the
infrared sensor. The Ground pin is connected with the Ground. while the
output pin of the infrared sensor is connected with the base of the 2n2222
NPN transistor through a 10k resistor. The emitter of the 2n2222 NPN
transistor is connected with the ground. While the collector of the
transistor is connected with one leg of the relay coil and the other leg of the
relay coil is connected with the 12 volts.
The normally open leg of the relay is connected with the 12 volts. The
common leg or contact of the relay is connected with one wire of the
solenoid valve, while the other wire of the solenoid valve is connected with
the Ground.
Solenoid Valve used in the Automatic Water Tap control system:
This is a 12v normally closed type Solenoid valve. In the Market, we have
different types of solenoid valves, the size and shape can be different from
this one, but the basic working principle of all the solenoid valves is exactly
the same. As you can see this solenoid valve has two coil contacts and as
you can see I have already soldered a female power jack. The ground pin of
the female power jack is connected with this coil contact of the solenoid
valve, while the other coil contact of the solenoid valve will be connected
with the 12 volts. I cut this wire so that I can connect this with the relay
normally open and the common contact.
Infrared sensor:
There are mainly two types of infrared sensors the one as you can see has
three male header pins.
The rightmost leg is the VCC. The middle one is the ground while the
leftmost leg is the Output.
While the other type has 4 male headers, the 4 one is the EN pin.
th
The first pin is the ground, the 2 pin is the output while the 3 pin is the
nd rd
VCC.
Both the Infrared sensors work in the same way. So it really doesn’t matter
which type of infrared sensor you use.
Regulated 5v power supply:
This is the regulated 5v Power Supply based on the LM7805 voltage
regulator. The orange wire is the 5-volt wire while the grey wire is the
ground wire.
Relay Module:
This is a three channel relay module, but we will use only one relay as we
are going to control only one solenoid valve.
Infrared sensor Testing:
Let’s, first of all, check the infrared sensor. Connect the 5v and ground pins
of the regulated 5v power supply with the VCC and ground pins of the
infrared sensor. The red light Turns as when the infrared sensors detect any
object. For the complete step by step explanation watch video tutorial given
below.
