​

​
Lesson Exemplar for TLE Grade 8
Quarter 4: Lesson 7 (Week 7)
SY/TP 2025-2026

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TLE/ QUARTER 4/ GRADE 8
I.​ CURRICULUM CONTENT, STANDARDS, AND LESSON COMPETENCIES​ ​ ​ ​ ​

A.​ Content Demonstrate an understanding of the concepts and principles in performing simple diagnostics and simple
Standards troubleshooting in industrial arts services.
B.​ Performance The learners perform simple diagnostics and simple troubleshooting in industrial arts services.
Standards
C.​ Learning Learning Competency
Competencies ●​ Discuss simple diagnostics in industrial arts services.
and Objectives​ ●​ Perform simple troubleshooting in industrial arts services.

Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
1.​ Recognize diagnostic techniques used in electrical and electronics systems to facilitate effective diagnostics and
troubleshooting.
2.​ Apply diagnostic techniques to identify faults, malfunctions, and performance issues in electronic products,
electrical installations, and domestic refrigeration and air conditioning systems, utilizing systematic approaches
and testing methods.
3.​ Use diagnostic tools and instruments to analyze and diagnose electrical and electronic problems accurately.
D.​ Content ●​ Diagnostics and troubleshooting in Electrical and Electronics Services
●​ Diagnostics and troubleshooting in Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Services

E.​ Integration Integrating electrical-electronics diagnostics and troubleshooting practices into SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy)
and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) synergistically fosters a sustainable energy ecosystem and
promotes resource-efficient consumption patterns. By identifying and rectifying faults in electrical systems,
technicians facilitate the efficient utilization of energy resources, thereby reducing energy wastage and reliance on
fossil fuels, ultimately mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. Moreover, extending the
lifespan of electronic devices through effective maintenance and repair diminishes the generation of electronic waste,
aligning with circular economy principles and encouraging responsible consumption behaviors. Through these
combined efforts, the integration of diagnostics and troubleshooting contributes to advancing global objectives for
accessible, clean energy and sustainable consumption and production, promoting a greener, more equitable future.

1
II. LEARNING RESOURCES
‌All about Electrical Troubleshooting, Diagnosis and Repair — Kato Electrical | Independent Electrical Contractor | Vancouver, BC. (2021,
June 10). Kato Electrical. https://www.katoelectrical.com/blog-1/electrical-troubleshooting
Cambridge Dictionary. (2024, March 6). diagnostic. @CambridgeWords. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/diagnostic
Electrical Troubleshooting in Seven Steps - Efficient Plant. (2004). Efficient Plant.
https://www.efficientplantmag.com/2004/01/electrical-troubleshooting-in-seven-steps/
Electrical troubleshooting fundamentals key to diagnostics. (2008, September 19). Vehicle Service Pros.
https://www.vehicleservicepros.com/home/article/10330519/electrical-troubleshooting-fundamentals-key-to-diagnostics
Infographic: 8 Steps to Troubleshoot Your Electronic Circuit. (2015, January 7). ElProCus - Electronic Projects for Engineering Students.
https://www.elprocus.com/8-techniques-to-troubleshoot-your-electronics-circuit/
‌Lambert, G. (2021, April 1). How to Troubleshoot Electronic Circuits. Circuit Basics.
https://www.circuitbasics.com/how-to-troubleshoot-and-repair/
Team, S. (2021, June 28). Electrical Troubleshooting: A Complete Guide. SkillCat.
https://www.skillcatapp.com/post/electrical-troubleshooting-a-complete-guide
What is troubleshooting and why is it important? (n.d.). WhatIs.com.
https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/troubleshooting#:~:text=Troubleshooting%20is%20a%20systematic%20approach
Wilcox, D. (2019, October 16). Refrigeration Systems: Common Issues and Solutions | Compressors Unlimited - Remanufactured Compressor
Leader. Www.compressorsunlimited.com. https://www.compressorsunlimited.com/refrigeration-systems-common-issues-and-solutions/

III. TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCEDURE NOTES TO TEACHERS

A. Activating Prior DAY 1 The teacher can use any of
Knowledge 1.​ Short Review the following materials
Multi-tester Reading available in the classroom:
Divide students into groups and assign each group a specific measurement task. Assorted resistors (varying
Tasks may include: values)
●​ Measuring the voltage across a resistor or electronic component. Power source (e.g., batteries)
●​ Determining the resistance of various resistors using the VOM multi-tester's Wires and connectors
resistance measurement function. Electrical components (e.g.,
●​ Testing continuity of wires or circuits by checking for a complete path using the switches, bulbs)
continuity mode.
Encourage students to record their measurements and observations. Then, check if
their measurement is correct.
2
 Facilitate a review of best practices for using the VOM multi-tester effectively and
emphasize the importance of proper measurement techniques and systematic
troubleshooting approaches.
2. Feedback (Optional)
B.​ Establishing 1.​ Lesson Purpose
Lesson Purpose The purpose of learning electrical-electronics diagnostics and troubleshooting in high
school is twofold. Firstly, it empowers students with practical skills to understand and
manage electrical systems daily. Students become more self-reliant and capable of
handling basic electrical repairs safely and effectively by learning how to diagnose and
fix common issues such as malfunctioning appliances or faulty wiring. Secondly,
mastering these skills lays a foundation for future careers in engineering, technology,
or related fields. Electrical-electronics diagnostics and troubleshooting provide
valuable problem-solving abilities applicable across various industries, fostering
critical thinking and analytical skills that are highly sought after in today's job market.
By engaging in hands-on activities and real-world scenarios, students gain confidence
in their technical abilities and develop a deeper appreciation for the role of electricity in
modern society and the importance of responsible usage and maintenance of electrical
systems.
2.​ Unlocking Content Vocabulary
●​ Diagnostics - used for discovering the characteristics or cause of a problem in
a system or machine (Cambridge Dictionary, 2024)
●​ Troubleshooting - is a systematic approach to problem-solving that is often
used to find and correct issues with complex machines, electronics, computers
and software systems. (What Is Troubleshooting and Why Is It Important?, n.d.) ‌
●​ Voltage - refers to electrical potential, representing the "push" exerted on
electrons within a circuit. For instance, a voltmeter indicating 12 volts signifies
the energy difference between the meter's two connections. (Electrical
Troubleshooting Fundamentals Key to Diagnostics, 2008)
●​ Amperage - denotes the flow of electrons, measured in amperes, through a
conductor. It assesses the rate of electrical consumption of components within a
circuit, comparing it against specified standards. (Electrical Troubleshooting
Fundamentals Key to Diagnostics, 2008)
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 ●​ Resistance - signifies a circuit's opposition to current flow. All conductors
impede current flow to varying degrees, measured in ohms. One ohm of
resistance permits one ampere of current when the electrical potential is one
volt. (Electrical Troubleshooting Fundamentals Key to Diagnostics, 2008)

C.​ Developing and DAY 1 AND 2 Additional video resources

Deepening SUB-TOPIC 1: Electrical and Electronics diagnostics and troubleshooting that can be used:
Understanding Electrical Troubleshooting
1. Explicitation Basics. (n.d.).
Electrical-electronics diagnostics and troubleshooting involve systematically identifying Www.youtube.com. Retrieved
and resolving issues within electrical and electronic systems. Technicians employ March 16, 2024, from
various tools and techniques, including visual inspections, testing equipment such as https://www.youtube.com/
multimeters and oscilloscopes, and diagnostic tools like continuity testers and thermal watch?v=zdrUX6_LGmE
imaging cameras to pinpoint faults. Common problems addressed include component ‌ Lecture 7: Electrical Testing
failure, short circuits, intermittent faults, and power supply issues. Repairs may entail and Fault Finding. (n.d.).
replacing defective components, soldering and desoldering operations on printed Www.youtube.com. Retrieved
circuit boards, and troubleshooting signal degradation or power quality disturbances. March 16, 2024, from
Overall, electrical-electronics diagnostics and repair prioritize safety, thoroughness, https://www.youtube.com/
and adherence to industry standards to ensure the reliability and functionality of watch?v=wAc8PPw-peI
electrical and electronic systems. ‌

BASIC TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSTIC AND TROUBLESHOOTING

Information Gathering
Before proceeding with troubleshooting, ensure that the issue within the circuit has
been confirmed. Primarily, the technician verifies the presence of an owner's manual or
technical documentation for the system, fixture, or appliance. This resource contains
comprehensive information essential for troubleshooting the issue, including potential
steps to be taken. Identify the main components of the system, such as power sources,
control units, sensors, actuators, and any associated circuits. This could relate to
either achieving the intended outcomes or encountering irregular circuit operation.
Safety Precautions
1.​ Prioritize safety by wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)
such as insulated gloves, safety goggles, and non-conductive footwear.

4
 2.​ Ensure the power is completely turned off before beginning any diagnostic or
repair work. This involves switching off devices, disconnecting them from power
sources, and locking out/tagging out electrical circuits if necessary.
Diagnosis
Visual Inspection. Conduct a thorough visual inspection of the system to identify any
obvious signs of damage, loose connections, or burnt components. Inspect the circuit
for signs of damage such as exploded or burnt components, utilizing both visual
observation and olfactory detection. Examine for loose or faulty connections, ensuring
proper grounding paths are maintained. Assess the printed circuit board (PCB) for any
overlapping traces. Evaluate soldered joints for proper adherence and alignment.
Additionally, scrutinize for short circuits or unintended connections between
neighboring soldered points.
●​ Sense of smell. Burned components emit a distinct and unpleasant odor and may
exhibit discoloration or carbonization. Additionally, the printed circuit board (PCB)
beneath the component may show signs of discoloration.
●​ Sense of touch. Detect any excessively hot components by carefully feeling them.
Exercise caution to avoid burning your fingers. If any component feels hot enough
to cause discomfort or burns, it likely indicates a problem.
●​ Testing Equipment. Utilize specialized testing equipment such as multimeters,
oscilloscopes, and signal generators to measure voltage, current, resistance,
frequency, and other relevant parameters.
●​ Diagnostic Tools. Employ diagnostic tools like continuity testers, logic analyzers,
and thermal imaging cameras to pinpoint faults and anomalies within the system.

Common Electrical-Electronics Problems

●​ Component Failure-Identify and replace malfunctioning components such as
resistors, capacitors, transistors, integrated circuits (ICs), relays, and switches.
●​ Short Circuits and Open Circuits-Diagnose and repair short circuits (unintended
connections between conductors) and open circuits (broken connections) using
continuity testing and visual inspection techniques.
●​ Intermittent Faults-Troubleshoot intermittent faults that occur sporadically by
monitoring system behavior over time and using diagnostic tools to capture
transient events.
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 ●​ Signal Degradation-Investigate issues related to signal degradation, noise
interference, signal distortion, and signal attenuation in electronic circuits and
communication networks.
●​ Power Supply Problems-Address issues related to power supply instability,
voltage fluctuations, overvoltage/undervoltage conditions, and power quality
disturbances.

Repair and Replacement

●​ Component Replacement. Substitute faulty components with suitable
replacements, ensuring adherence to correct polarity, voltage ratings, current
ratings, and other relevant specifications.
●​ Soldering and Desoldering. Execute soldering and desoldering procedures as
necessary to exchange surface-mount devices (SMDs) and through-hole
components on printed circuit boards (PCBs).
●​ Circuit Board Restoration. Rectify damaged traces, pads, vias, and solder joints
on PCBs using methods like solder bridging, wire bonding, and PCB rework.
●​ Module and Subsystem Substitution. Exchange malfunctioning modules,
subsystems, or assemblies if repair proves impractical or uneconomical.

CHECK YOUR WORK The teacher can use this

• Upon completion of repairs, execute functional and performance assessments to sample video for the think
ensure proper system operation and compliance with predefined criteria. and reflect worked example:
• Employ diagnostic tools and specialized testing protocols to confirm system
functionality, calibration precision, and adherence to pertinent standards and PAANO MALALAMAN KUNG
specifications. TAMA ANG PAG-WIRING NG
ILAW | Pinoy Electrical
2. Worked Example Warrior. (n.d.).
Let the students think and reflect: Www.youtube.com.
Show a video about troubleshooting an electrical/electronic circuit. After showing the https://www.youtube.com/
short video, ask them the following questions: watch?v=3jYuqCtJU0w
1.​ What strategies did the electrician/technician use to identify and resolve the ‌ falcon transistor radio no
issue? signal paano etrace agad ang
2.​ What concepts or techniques were particularly enlightening? sira. (n.d.).
Www.youtube.com.
6
 https://www.youtube.com/
3. Lesson Activity watch?v=JT1gkxFCfME
Activity Title: Electrical/Electronic Circuit Diagnostics Challenge ‌
Objective:
This activity aims to provide students with hands-on experience in diagnosing and RSP Supply. (2021, March
troubleshooting electrical circuits to identify and resolve common issues. 12). Electrical
Troubleshooting Basics
Materials Needed: [Video]. YouTube.
●​ Assorted lamps, wires, switches, and other electrical/electronic components (for https://www.youtube.com/
replacement). watch?v=zdrUX6_LGmE
●​ Pre-made electrical/electronic circuits with short circuits, open circuits, or
incorrect component placement. The teacher may choose
●​ Multi-tester what circuit he/she will use
for the activity, depending on
the availability of tools,
Scenario/Instructions: devices, supplies, and
1.​ Divide the class into groups of 3-4 members materials.
2.​ Assign each group an installed circuit deliberately altered to include faults like
short circuits, open circuits, or incorrect component placement.
3.​ Challenge students to detect and resolve the faults present in their designated The teacher should ensure
circuits. that all the learners are
4.​ Recommend students utilize multimeters to assess voltage, current, and already skilled in using
resistance at different locations within the circuit to aid in diagnosing the issue. diagnostic tools and
5.​ Offer guidance and assistance as necessary while students work on rectifying instruments.
the faults within their circuits.
6.​ Lead a post-troubleshooting discussion to analyze the obstacles faced and the
approaches employed by students in addressing the issues.
7.​ Prompt students to contemplate the troubleshooting process and share insights
from participating in the activity.
The students must complete the table below based on the identified problem
and the troubleshooting solution. The remarks will show if the solution that Safety is a must.
they have given is correct.
Circuit Name:

7
 Problem/Issues Troubleshooting Solution Remarks
found
The bulb does not Tested the circuit for continuity. No Replace the
light continuity busted bulb
Tested the bulb for continuity. No
Busted bulb continuity.
Replaced with a new bulb. The bulb
lit up

DAY 3 AND 4
SUB-TOPIC 2: Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning diagnostics and troubleshooting
1. Explicitation
Refrigeration and air conditioning diagnostics and troubleshooting are all about
figuring out and fixing problems in systems that keep our spaces cool and comfortable.
Think of it like when your fridge at home stops working or the air conditioning in your
car isn't as cold as it should be. In those situations, someone needs to figure out
what's wrong and how to fix it so everything can work properly again.
To do this, experts in refrigeration and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning) systems use their technical skills and special tools to find out what's
causing the issue. It's like being a detective, searching for clues to solve a mystery.
They might check things like the temperature and pressure levels, look for leaks, test
electrical parts, and make sure air is flowing correctly. By using these methods, they
can identify the problem and fix it efficiently, making sure the system works well and
doesn't waste energy.
So, refrigeration and air conditioning diagnostics and troubleshooting are all about
keeping things cool and comfortable while also making sure systems run efficiently,
saving energy and money in the process.

8
TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TROUBLESHOOTING
•​ Visual Examination The teacher may use the
Conduct a thorough visual inspection of the system to identify any visible signs of Common Refrigeration and
damage, leaks, or worn-out components such as hoses, pipes, or seals. Air-Conditioning Problems
•​ Temperature and Pressure Monitoring for the flash card, and use
Use specialized equipment such as thermometers and pressure gauges to measure the solutions as a guide in
temperature and pressure levels at various points within the system. Deviations giving points to the students’
from standard operating parameters may indicate potential issues. answers. Also, it is up to the
•​ Refrigerant Leak Identification teacher how many points
Employing leak detection tools such as electronic leak detectors or ultraviolet (UV) he/she will give to the
dyes to pinpoint and repair refrigerant leaks, can reduce system efficiency and learners, and the teacher
harm the environment. has the liberty to choose how
•​ Electrical Component Evaluation many flashcards he/she will
Utilizing multimeters and other diagnostic tools to assess electrical components create.
such as compressors, capacitors, and relays for proper functionality and voltage
levels. The teacher may add other
•​ Airflow Assessment RAC System problems to
Checking airflow rates and distribution using anemometers and airflow meters to have variations for another
ensure adequate ventilation and temperature control within the conditioned space. group of students
•​ System Performance Analysis
Analyzing system performance data, including temperature variations,
superheating, and subcooling, to diagnose inefficiencies or malfunctions. Worksheet no. 2 with
•​ Condensate Drain Inspection possible causes and
Examining condensate drains for obstructions or blockages that may lead to water solutions.
damage or microbial growth within the system.
•​ Thermostat Calibration Problem 1: Insufficient
Verifying the accuracy and calibration of thermostats to ensure they accurately Cooling
sense and regulate temperature levels. Description: The
•​ System Controls Testing refrigeration system is
Evaluating and troubleshooting system controls such as thermostats, pressure running, but the
switches, and control boards to identify and correct any malfunctions or temperature inside the
programming errors. refrigerated space remains
higher than the desired set
temperature. Identify
9
Common Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Problems possible causes and propose
•​ Refrigerant Leak: The system has a refrigerant leak, resulting in insufficient troubleshooting solutions.
cooling or improper temperature control.
Solution: Locate and repair the refrigerant leak, then recharge the system with the Possible Causes:
appropriate amount of refrigerant. ●​ Insufficient airflow
•​ Frozen Evaporator Coil: The evaporator coil is covered in ice or frost, leading to due to dirty or blocked
reduced airflow and inadequate cooling. evaporator coil.
●​ Restricted heat
Solution: Turn off the system to allow the coil to thaw. Check for airflow transfers due to a
restrictions, such as dirty air filters or blocked vents. Address any issues and dirty or clogged
ensure proper airflow. condenser coil.
•​ Compressor Failure: The compressor fails to start or stops working, causing the ●​ Low refrigerant levels
system to malfunction and produce warm air. or refrigerant leak.
Solution: Check for electrical issues, such as blown fuses or tripped circuit ●​ Compressor
breakers. If the compressor is faulty, it may need to be repaired or replaced by a malfunction or
professional. electrical issues.
•​ Improper Airflow: The system experiences restricted or inadequate airflow, Troubleshooting Solutions:
resulting in uneven cooling or reduced cooling capacity. ●​ Thaw the evaporator
Solution: Inspect and clean air filters, vents, and ductwork. Remove any coil if ice or frost is
obstructions to ensure proper airflow throughout the system present.
•​ Electrical Issues: Electrical problems, such as faulty wiring or a malfunctioning ●​ Clean the evaporator
thermostat, disrupt the system's operation. coil to improve airflow.
Solution: Check for loose connections, damaged wiring, or faulty components. ●​ Clean the condenser
Repair or replace as necessary. Ensure proper functioning of the thermostat. coil to enhance heat
•​ Contaminated Condenser Coil: The condenser coil is dirty or clogged, reducing transfer.
heat transfer and impacting system efficiency. ●​ Check and refill
Solution: Clean the condenser coil using a soft brush or a specialized coil cleaner. refrigerant levels if
Remove any debris or vegetation around the outdoor unit to ensure proper airflow. necessary.
●​ Inspect and repair the
•​ Faulty Fan Motor: The fan motor fails to operate correctly, leading to reduced compressor or
airflow and poor cooling performance. electrical connections
Solution: Check the fan motor for proper functioning. Lubricate if necessary or as needed.
replace the motor if it's faulty.
•​ Thermostat Malfunction: The thermostat does not accurately sense or control the Problem 2: Uneven
temperature, resulting in improper cooling or heating. Temperature Distribution

10
 Solution: Calibrate or replace the thermostat if it's not functioning correctly. Ensure Description: Some areas of
proper placement away from heat sources or drafts. the room are significantly
•​ Blocked or Leaky Ductwork: The ductwork is obstructed or has leaks, causing cooler or warmer than
reduced airflow and inefficient cooling or heating. others, creating temperature
Solution: Inspect the ductwork for any obstructions or leaks. Clear obstructions variations. Identify possible
and seal any leaks using appropriate duct tape or mastic sealant. causes and propose
•​ Excessive Noise or Vibration: The system produces unusual noises or excessive troubleshooting solutions.
vibrations during operation, indicating a potential issue. Possible Causes:
Solution: Check for loose or damaged components, such as fan blades or mounting ●​ Improperly balanced
brackets. Tighten or replace components as necessary to reduce noise and air distribution
vibration. system
●​ Leaky or blocked
2. Worked Example ductwork
●​ Inadequate insulation
Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Techniques Flash Cards in certain areas
Create flashcards with different Refrigeration and Air-conditioning (RAC) problems and ●​ Undersized or
solutions. Divide the class into small teams. Each team will be given a set of flashcards oversized AC system
with different RAC problems and solutions. Set a timer for each round. During each
round, one team will draw a flashcard and read the problem aloud. They will have a set Troubleshooting Solutions:
amount of time (e.g., 3 minutes) to discuss and propose a diagnosis and solution using ●​ Balance the air
refrigeration and air-conditioning techniques. Rotate through the teams and problems distribution system by
until all the flashcards have been used. The team with the most points at the end of adjusting dampers or
the game wins. You can offer extra points/credit as a reward for the winners. registers.
●​ Seal any leaks or
3. Lesson Activity repair damaged
Activity Title: RAC Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Activity ductwork.
Objective: To apply refrigeration and air-conditioning techniques in diagnosing and ●​ Improve insulation in
troubleshooting common problems in RAC systems. areas with
Materials Needed: RAC diagnostic and troubleshooting worksheet (created by the temperature
teacher) variations.
●​ Consider resizing the
Instructions: AC system if it is not
1.​ Distribute the worksheets to the students. Explain that they will be working in appropriate for the
small groups to diagnose and troubleshoot the problems presented. space.

11
 2.​ Instruct the students to carefully read each problem and analyze the
information provided. Encourage them to use their knowledge of refrigeration
and air-conditioning techniques to identify potential causes of the problem.
3.​ Should document their diagnostic process on the worksheet, including the steps
they would take to identify the root cause of the problem.
After students finish the worksheet, conduct a class review of the answers. Explore the
various methods employed by students and evaluate the efficiency of their suggested
solutions. Foster an environment where students feel comfortable asking questions
and participating in conversations about the diagnostic and troubleshooting methods
utilized.
D.​ Making DAY 4
Generalizations 1.​ Learners’ Takeaways
Summary Questions:
●​ What are the key steps involved in electrical-electronics diagnostics and
troubleshooting?
●​ How do you identify common issues in electrical and electronic systems?
●​ What are some key takeaways or lessons learned from engaging in refrigeration
and air conditioning diagnostics and troubleshooting?
2.​ Reflection on Learning
The learners will answer the following reflection questions:
●​ What are some challenges you might face during electrical-electronics
diagnostics, and how do you overcome them?
●​ How do you identify and prioritize issues within refrigeration and air conditioning
systems?

IV. EVALUATING LEARNING: FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT AND TEACHER’S REFLECTION NOTES TO TEACHERS
A.​ Evaluating DAY 4 Answer key:
Learning 1.​ Formative Assessment 1. c) Conducting a visual
Multiple Choice inspection
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. 2. c) Testing electrical
components
12
1. Which of the following is a common step in electrical-electronics diagnostics and 3. b) It helps in identifying
troubleshooting? faults more efficiently.
a) Applying random solutions 4. d) All of the above
b) Ignoring safety protocols 5. a) Fan motor
c) Conducting a visual inspection
d) Avoiding the use of diagnostic tools
2. What is a primary purpose of using multimeters in electrical diagnostics?
a) Measuring temperature
b) Assessing system airflow
c) Testing electrical components
d) Detecting refrigerant leaks
3. What is the significance of a systematic approach in troubleshooting electrical
circuits?
a) It increases the likelihood of causing further damage.
b) It helps in identifying faults more efficiently.
c) It disregards the importance of safety measures.
d) It involves skipping steps to save time.
4. What is a common cause of insufficient cooling in an air conditioning system?
a) Clogged air filters​
b) Dirty condenser coil​
c) Low refrigerant levels​
d) All of the above​
5. What should you check if an air conditioning system is producing excessive noise
during operation?
a) Fan motor​
b) Compressor​
c) Refrigerant levels​
d) Thermostat
2. Homework (Optional)

13
B.​ Teacher’s Note observations on any Effective Practices Problems Encountered The teacher may take note of
Remarks of the following areas: some observations related to
the effective practices and
strategies explored problems encountered after
utilizing the different strategies,
materials used materials used, learner
engagement and other related
learner engagement/ stuff.
interaction Teachers may also suggest ways
Others to improve the different
activities explored/ lesson
exemplar.
C.​ Teacher’s Reflection guide or prompt can be on: Teacher’s reflection in every
Reflection ▪​ principles behind the teaching lesson conducted/ facilitated is
What principles and beliefs informed my lesson? essential and necessary to
Why did I teach the lesson the way I did? improve practice. You may also
consider this as an input for the
▪​ students LAC/Collab sessions.
What roles did my students play in my lesson?
What did my students learn? How did they learn?
▪​ ways forward
What could I have done differently?
What can I explore in the next lesson?

14