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Wonder Ideas: Banaue Rice Terraces
Historical
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Rice, the quintessential crop of Asia, a staple food in many Asian cultures, the Philippines being
no exception. Today's wonder is one of the oldest rice terraces in the world, one that hold
significant meaning to it's indigenous people, who view rice as their culture. This is the Banaue
Rice Terraces
Located in Ifugao, Luzon, the Banaue Rice Terraces are some of the oldest in the world, having
been used to plant rice and other vegetables for over a thousand years. Rice was first brought to
the Philippines by the Austronesian people migrating to the Philippines around 3500 years ago.
The site is thought to be as old as 2000 years old, tho some research suggests that it may have
been built later. The terraces were hand carved into the mountain with little use of equipment by
the Igorot people, specifically the Ifugao, who have been the caretakers of the site to this day and
it is seen as a major cultural site. In fact, Ifugao culture revolves around rice, with one of the
main rice types celebrated being Black Rice Kaylinayan. There are many celebrations linked
rice, from it's harvesting to it's consumption. Harvest seasons are celebrated with a thanksgiving
feast with foods such as bayah (rice wine), rice cakes, and betel nuts. Finishing the harvest calls
for what is know as a Tango or Tungul, which is a day of rest where no agricultural work is to be
done.
Due to Kaylinayan and many other types of rice being difficult to grow, these terraces were
constructed to grow them, with water being fed from irrigation canals at the top of the terraces,
being filled with water from the rainforests. Retention walls made with stones and rammed earth
were also constructed to allow water to be drawn from the irrigation canals to the terrace
clusters.
The Banaue Rice Terraces are labeled as a National Cultural Treasure by the Philippine
government, and the site has also been declared free from the use of GMOs, meaning all the rice
grown there is completely organic. However the site is not a UNESCO world heritage site due to
the number of modern buildings at the site. Today not only is the site a major cultural center, it
also holds host to a thriving tourism economy. Activities include traditional sightseeing of the
terraces and visiting the tribes at the foot of the terraces. Visiting Ifugao witch doctors, know as
Mumbaki, is also another activity where they can perform spiritual healing rituals.
This is however is in increasing danger for a variety of reasons. Due to the farming of vegetables
rather than rice, the terraces had experience erosion damage. Younger Ifugaos also find farming
less appealing, leading to less people to tend to the terraces. A drought in 2010 also completely
dried up the terrace for a year, and rodents and earthworms also cause further damage. All of this
means the terraces require constant care and reconstruction. Let's hope these terraces continue to
stay in use and maintain their shape over the years, as it had been for the Ifugao people for the
past two thousand years.
This wonder would require a mountain or rainforests in order to be built. There are also two clear
places it would give bonuses to, food and culture. Food is obvious, it provides additional food
per turn, and may even boost the food yields of other improved rice tiles in the city. Culture is
also easy, a additional culture per turn and may perhaps also allow other rice tiles to provide
culture as part of their yields as well.
That's it for today, any additional info and corrections is welcomed. Until then I'll see you all
again soon!
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