Proposal
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Laura PisulacheProposal
Uploaded by
Laura PisulachePROPOSAL
STRUCTURE ORGANIZATION
1. Title + Introduction 1. Begin by stating the purpose of your
The aims of this proposal are to… proposal.
2. Use an impersonal, semi-formal style.
2. Main content 3. Use a clear layout with headings.
Subheading 1 4. Express opinions and make
Paragraph 1: Describe the current situation recommendations in the last section of
Subheading 2 your proposal.
Paragraph 2: Describe the current situation 5. Include a final sentence summarising your
opinion.
3. Final Recommendations
Make your recommendations /persuade the
reader Write at least 2-3 sentences
Tips
Step 1: Find the topic points & topic
The first question you should ask yourself = what topic do I have to write about in the
proposal? Knowing the topic always gives you a general idea as well as some inspiration
for possible vocabulary that you might want to include in your text.
The second question = what exactly do I have to include in my text? Here we try to filter
out the specific topic points which we need to address in our writing.
Step 2: Title + Introduction
The title doesn’t have to be anything special but it is important that you include one as
this is a typical feature of a proposal and it could be something like:
Proposal to ……. and then you write the topic of what you’re reporting.
or you can write the topic and end it with phrase …………. : a proposal
In this way, the title will have an appropriately formal connotation.
The introduction must contain three main things that you should include:
1. purpose of your proposal in which you should explain your purpose for writing
The proposal is intended to…..
2. you should restate the topic of the task (see step 1)
3. The three main key points that you discovered (see step 1)
Step 3: The body paragraphs (main content)
Group your ideas under headings for each section of your proposal. Remember to answer
all the questions that you were asked (see step 1) You’re going to use
some formal or semi-formal language and also some passive structures such as “it is
advisable that..” or “it is recommended that….”
Step 5: Final recommendations
In the last section/paragraph of your proposal, we need to conclude our proposal and make
our final suggestions (after all that’s the main reason for writing the proposal). Make sure that
you include your final suggestions in this last paragraph as well as some persuasive language.
EXAMPLE STRUCTURES:
Introduction
The aim of this proposal is to request assistance regarding an internship programme I am
interested in.
Support needed
Comment on the first element…
Personal growth
Comment on the second element…
Conclusion
Having outlined needs and reasons, I am sure that…
Introduction
The aim of this proposal is to …
Place 1
Comment on the first element…
Place 2
Comment on the second element…
Place 3
Comment on the third element…
Recommendation
Having outlined the example locations…
Introduction
The aim of this proposal is to …
Redevelopment ideas
Comment on the first idea…
Comment on the second idea…
Benefits and Advantages
Comment on benefits…
Conclusion
Having provided the above…
Useful Phrases, Words & Expressions
Stating the purpose of the proposal
The principal objectives of this proposal are to
The objective of this proposal is to…
The purpose of this proposal is to examine / evaluate / explain / describe / analyse / present…
This proposal aims to…
Rhetorical phrases:
Have you ever ……..?
What do you think about ……..?
Are you one of those people who thinks that ……?
Are you one of those people who …….?
What would life be like if ……?
Will the future bring us ….. ?
Background information
At the present moment,…
Comments made at the end of the questionnaires suggest…
Following a survey among…
Concerned members of the local community were invited to attend…
A number of concerns with regard to XYZ were expressed by…
The following areas for improvement can be highlighted
Introducing your first point:
Firstly
In the first place
First of all
The first thing to consider is
One thing to consider is
To begin with
Introducing more points:
Secondly
Another consideration
Yet another consideration
Another thing to consider is
Added to that
Apart from that
In addition to this
Making recommendations and suggestions
A working group should be set up by…
There should be an enquiry into…
It would be advantageous to…
It is recommended that…
I recommend that a larger survey should be conducted before a final decision is reached…
Final recommendations
Implementation of the above ideas would result in…
A working group should be set up by…
There should be an enquiry into…
I recommend that a larger survey should be conducted before a final decision is reached…
The following actions ought to be performed with a view to (improving the quality of…)
Proposal vs Report
Difference between proposal and report
Proposals are often structured in a similar way to reports. But it’s very important
that we make the distinction between the two.
Report (present/past) = a report is about something that has already
happened and the function of the report is to communicate the information from
the past, via you to a superior boss teacher member of the local council.
Proposal (future) = A proposal takes a slightly different sequence, in the sense
that, you are going to your superior directly to suggest something that could
have in the future.
Bear in mind that the use of language for this will be completely different:
report => quite often you’re going to be using past tenses or present
tenses as well as many passive forms
for a proposal, you’re going to be looking at future tenses and conditionals,
as well as a lot of modal verbs (could, would) and some passive forms
Although the difference is not huge the use of language will have to be completely
different with respect to the tenses.