1. The data show the results of an investigation on osmosis using sticks of potato.

Which statements explain this change in length?

2. The diagram shows the detailed structure of a plant cell.

What is organelle X?

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A. Chloroplast
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
D. Vacuole

3. What is not an example of active transport?

A. absorption of water by root hairs

B. reabsorption of glucose by kidney tubules
C. uptake of glucose by villi
D. uptake of ions by root hairs

4. The diagram shows a section of DNA, with four bases identified on one strand.

Which sequence of bases would be on the other strand, starting from the top?

A. AGTC

B. CTGA

C. GACT

D. TCAG

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5. The diagram shows a large food molecule changing into smaller molecules.

What is process X?

A. Absorption
B. Chewing
C. Digestion
D. Secretion

6. The diagram represents the shape of an enzyme molecule.

With which substrate would this enzymes most easily form an enzyme – substrate
complex?

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7. Which row shows the effects of deficiencies in nitrate and magnesium ions on plant
growth?

8. For the stomata of a leaf to open, the guard cells accumulate more potassium ions
than the surrounding cells.
Which row describes what happens?

9. A food stain on a table cloth is where meat cooked in oil has been spilt.
It is washed in a biological washing powder.
Which combination of enzymes should be in the washing powder to remove the
stain?

A. amylase and lipase

B. lipase and protease
C. pectinase and amylase
D. protease and pectinase

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10. What is a characteristic of amphibians but not of reptiles?

A. four limbs
B. laying eggs in water
C. scaly skin
D. using lungs for breathing

11. The diagram shows an insect.

Use the key to identify the insect

1. wings present .............................................. go to 2

wings absent .................................................A
2. Two pairs of wings ......................................... go to 3
one pair of wings ............................................ B
3. Wings with circular markings .......................... C
4. Wings without circular markings ..................... D

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12. The diagram shows a spongy mesophyll cell from a green leaf.

Which labelled structures are not found in animal cells?

A. 1, 3 and 4
B. 1, 4 and 5
C. 2, 3 and 4
D. 3, 4 and 5

13. What are the features of the cell walls in a xylem vessel?

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14. The diagram shows a plant cell which has lost water to its surroundings by
osmosis.
Which part is the partially permeable membrane?

15. The table shows the number of animals collected in a sample from a woodland and
the groups to which they group

How many arthropods in total, in this sample, have six or eight legs?

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16. Red blood cells placed in pure water.
Movement of water across the cell membrane caused a change in their
appearance. What caused this change in appearance?

17. Some examples of substances moving across membranes are listed.

1. Glucose molecules into the epithelium that lines the small intestine
2. Nitrate ions from a dilute solution in soil into a more concentrated solution in root
hair cells
3. Water molecules from mesophyll cells into the air spaces of a leaf

For which must oxygen be present?

A. 1,2, and 3
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only

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18. The diagram shows an experiment kept at room temperature.

What is present in the water surrounding the membrane after 45 minutes?

A. Amino acids and simple sugars

B. Protein and amino acids
C. Protein and simple sugars
D. Starch and simple sugars

19. The diagram shows two pathogens, not drawn to the same scale

What identifies pathogens L and M and structures R and S?

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20. The diagram shows a high- power drawing of a plant cell.

The distance between X and Y on the drawing below is 80 mm.

The actual length of the cell between X and Y was 160 µm.

What is the magnification of the cell?

A. X50
B. X100
C. X500
D. X1000

21. Why is the epidermis of a leaf an example of a tissue?

A The cells all have a similar structure and function.
B The cells allow light to pass through.
C The cells allow water to enter them by osmosis.
D The cells are covered by a waxy cuticle.

22. The diagram shows two solutions that are separated by a partially permeable
membrane.

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In which direction will most water molecules move?
A from X to Y, against their concentration gradient
B from X to Y, down their concentration gradient
C from Y to X, against their concentration gradient
D from Y to X, down their concentration gradient

23. The diagram shows an experiment using an enzyme.

The suspension might have become clear more quickly if

A more egg protein had been used.
B the mixture had not been stirred.
C the pH of the mixture had been changed.
D the temperature had been raised to 75 °C.

24. Glycogen, protein and starch are all large molecules made from smaller basic units.
Which basic units form these molecules?

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25. Living animals release carbon dioxide.
This is an example of which life process?
A excretion
B movement
C nutrition
D sensitivity

26. The diagram shows part of a plant with a woody stem, which does not have enough
water. The leaves have wilted, but the stem is still firm and upright.

Why have the leaves wilted?

A Photosynthesis cannot take place without water.
B The cells in the leaves have lost their internal pressure.
C The humidity in the air is too high.
D The lignin in the leaves has become soft.

Use this diagram, which shows a section through a leaf, to answer questions 27
and 28.

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27. What takes place in the structures indicated?

28. The leaf is losing water to the atmosphere.

What processes are occurring at X and Y?

29. Small molecules are used as the basic units in the synthesis of large food molecules.
Which statement is correct?
A Amino acids are basic units of carbohydrates
B Fatty acids are basic units of glycogen
C Glycerol is basic unit of oils
D Simple sugar is a basic unit of protein

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30. In an experiment to compare water loss, four similar leaves are treated with
petroleum jelly (Vaseline) and left on a table for one hour.
leaf 1 upper surface only covered
leaf 2 lower surface only covered
leaf 3 both surfaces covered
leaf 4 neither surface covered
Which shows the water loss from the leaves?

31. Which is a tissue and which is an organ?

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32. The diagrams show a leaf cell before and after staining with iodine solution.

Which substance causes the iodine solution to change colour?

A chlorophyll
B protein
C reducing sugar
D starch

33. The diagram shows six cells.

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 Which are plant cells and which are animal cells?

34. Which diagram shows the appearance of a plant cell several minutes after it has
been placed in a concentrated solution of sugar?

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35. Two enzyme-controlled reactions are shown.

From these reactions, what deduction can be made about enzymes?

A Enzyme 1 has been changed to enzyme 2.
B Enzyme 2 slows down the production of amino acids.
C Enzymes can build up large molecules.
D Enzymes only break down large molecules.

36. Four foods were tested for each of the following nutrients:

fat (using ethanol);

protein (using the biuret test);
reducing sugar (using Benedict’s solution),
Which food contains protein and fat?

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 37. The graph shows the effect of temperature on an enzyme-controlled reaction.

Which statement describes the effect of temperature on this reaction?

A As the temperature increases to 25°C the reaction speeds up.
B Between 10 °C and 20°C the enzyme stops working.
C Between 35 °C and 45°C the enzyme stops working.
D The optimum temperature for this reaction is 40°C.

38. Curve X on the graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of
photosynthesis.

How have the conditions changed to produce curve Y?

A decreased concentration of carbon dioxide
B decreased light intensity
C increased concentration of carbon dioxide
D increased light intensity
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39. An experiment is set up to investigate gas exchange in aquatic plants.

The hydrogencarbonate indicator solution is orange at the start.

Which colour is it after three hours?

A blue-black
B orange
C purple
D yellow

40. Which does not contain cytoplasm?

A liver cell
B palisade tissue
C red blood cell
D xylem vessel

End of Paper

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