Unit-1

Introduction to Mobile Application

MISSION VISION CORE VALUES

CHRIST is a nurturing ground for an individual’s Excellence and Service Faith in God | Moral Uprightness
holistic development to make effective contribution to Love of Fellow Beings
the society in a dynamic environment Social Responsibility | Pursuit of Excellence
 CHRIST
Deemed to be University

Introduction
▪ As we have witnessed a revolution in the consumer space toward
mobility,most analysts have identified that mobile devices are the
major gateways to Internet as compared to desktop browsers.

▪ Mobile device is replacing all traditional channels to access the

information. To align with this trend,enterprises too are designing
the digital applications to cater to wide array of mobile devices and
platforms.

▪ Mobile application development involves the process of

developing the applications for mobile devices such as Personal
Digital Assistants (PDA),

▪ Native mobile apps are designed to run on a specific mobile

platform, sometimes specific mobile operating system and
supported hardware.

Excellence and Service

 • Mobile applications are part of main stream digital strategy for Business to
Consumer (B2C) enterprises.
• Most of the enterprises are now adopting “mobile-first” strategy wherein the digital applications
are designed, developed and tested for mobile devices; mobile users attain the primary focus in
the digital strategy.
• Disruption in mobility space has major impact on the revenues for the enterprises.
• Mobile apps are shaping user experiences and are providing real-time information and offer
more engaging experiences for the users.
• Mobility based digital strategy considers various things such as user
experience, performance, interactivity, device form factors, device limitations, location needs and
personalization.
 Key Drivers for Mobile Applications

The following are the key drivers of mobile apps:

• Innovation
• Consumer behavior
• Personalized content delivery
• Mobile ecosystem:
• Social Networking:
 Mobile Apps on various domains

Retail and Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) Industry

Banking industry
Logistics
Healthcare
Social Media
Gaming
Video Streaming
 Attributes of Mobile applications

• The following are the key attributes of mobile applications:

• Ubiquity: Mobile applications are always available and connected and enable
users to access information anytime anywhere
• User friendliness: Mobile applications provide responsive and interactive user
interface with essential information.
• Location awareness: Mobile applications provide location sensitive information
using Global Positioning System (GPS) and other sensors.
• Minimalistic: The content and features in mobile apps are minimal which are
essential for the functionality.
CONSIDERATIONS AND CHALLENGES FOR MOBILE APP

Intended utility of the mobile app.

• Consumer engagement with richer user experience.
• Productivity through efficient flows.
• Driving incremental revenue through user stickiness.
• Customer conversion.
• User loyalty through targeted and personalized offers.
• App Architecture.
• Native vs hybrid vs web based on the requirements.
• Middleware requirement for centralized configuration.
• Offline vs online capability for storing data.
• App Development Principles.
• User experience through richer controls and interactive components.
• Compatibility on various devices and platforms.
• Performance for each screen and task.
• Security for data.
• Productivity enhancement tools.
• Target users.
 Main Challenges

• Diversity of devices and heterogeneous technologies: There are various

mobile platforms and devices. The app should provide optimal experience
in all the scenarios.

• Security: Mobile app should ensure data security during transmission and
during storage.

• User experience: Mobile app should provide optimal user experience

• leveraging the device capabilities to provide highest engagement possible.

• Network: Mobile app should be designed to work in regions with network,

latency and bandwidth challenges.

• Compliance to diverse standards, OS, mobile platforms and devices.

 PC BASED APPLICATIONS

• Personal Computer (PC) based applications are software programs developed

to run on specific operating system and hardware platforms.

• These were the pioneer applications that were used during the initial days of software
development.
There are mainly two types of PC based applications, namely-
standalone PC applications and client server applications.

Standalone PC Applications

• Standalone PC applications are independent software programs which would

run on an OS.
• These applications do not typically use network resources or support multi-user mode.
• Utility programs such as word processor, calculators , and media players fall into this
category.
• Each of the applications had a good user interface for the PC user to interact.
Client server applications
• In client server applications, each terminal PC had a client software which
is connected to a centralized server software.

• The client program would get input from the end user and would submit the
details to the server software through a dedicated session established
through the network.
• These applications were also referred to as “thick clients”.
• Database software, networked games, banking software, network file
system are some of the examples of this category of applications.
 WEB BASED APPLICATIONS

Internet enabled applications that are mainly rendered on desktop

browsers are categorized as web applications.

Most of the modern web applications follow

layered Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture which support
flexible modular components.
The key layers of the MVC framework are shown below:

• Presentation layer (View layer): User experience components such

as widgets, pages, User Interface (UI) modules, buttons, and forms
are present in this layer.
• The UI modules will mainly render the view portion of the
application.
• View components communicate with back end through services.
Key components –
Personalization
Widgets
Multi-device support.
Page layouts
Information architecture and navigation models
 Business layer: This layer consists of business components which
implement business logic and business rules.
• The layer mainly consists of rules engine, search, business objects,
workflows, business process management (BPM), caching
frameworks and other entities.
• All business modules expose services to presentation layer.
 Data layer (model layer):
This layer mainly consists of persistence handling components such as
database access components, Data access objects (DAO), query
components, Object Rational Mapping (ORM) frameworks and such.
Web Content Management Layer
• Web content management layer consists of mainly following modules:
• Content authoring using authoring templates.
• Content tagging with relevant metadata and tags.
• Content publishing to various targets and in various formats.
• Asset management of various digital assets, documents and multimedia
files.
• Workflow for managing the content approval, publishing and update
processes.
E-commerce Layer
Ecommerce modules usually consist of modules related to catalog
management, order management, modules for shopping cart, promotion,
cross sell and up sell, and product information management.
 Integration Layer/Services Layer
• The solutions use business service layer for integration with external
system.
• Integration strategy is based on Service Bus Architecture, in which the
middleware can act as a service bus linking multiple applications that
require services of each other through a central service layer.
• The service bus becomes a point of data interchange and manages the
communication with each peripheral application independently.
•
Security Layer
Security layer consists of modules related to authentication, authorization
EVOLUTION OF MOBILE BASED
APPLICATIONS
 EVOLUTION OF MOBILE BASED
APPLICATIONS
The core features of the various stages of mobile app evolution are detailed
below:
• Embedded systems: In this category, we has embedded systems such as
calculators on various devices. The embedded systems had limited functionality.
• Device specific apps: The applications specific to the device are part of this
category. For instance, device specific games and other utility apps fall into this
category.
• OS specific apps: Operating system specific apps such as games, media players
fall into this category.
• Cloud based apps: In this category, we have always available cloud based apps.
Mobile App Vs Web App