TENSES
Present Tense can be defined as an expression for an activity that is currently in action or is
habitually performed. It is used for a state that generally exists or is currently ongoing….
SIMPLE PRESENT
Simple Present Tense
Singular Plural
Rule: Subject + V1 + s/es + Rule: Subject + V1 + Object
Object
Example: Girl sings a song Example: Girls sing a song
Here the subject is Girl Here the subject is Girls (plural)
(singular) and “s” has been and no changes have been
added to the verb (sing), made with V1 (firm form of
followed by the object (song) verb) and the object
Present Continuous
Rule: Subject + is/am/are + V1 + ing + object
Example: She is eating food
Here the subject is She, followed by “is”
The first form of verb (V1) here is “eat” and “ing” has been added to it, followed by the object
“food”
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Tense
Singular Plural
Rule: Subject + has + V3 + Object Rule: Subject + have + V3 + Object
Example: He has cleaned the utensils Example: They have cleaned the utensils
Here, “He” is the subject + has Here, “They” is the subject + have
“Cleaned” is the third form of verb and utensils “Cleaned” is the third form of verb and utensils
is the object is the object
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Singular Plural
Rule: Subject + has been + V1 + ing + Object Rule: Subject + have been + V1 + ing + Object
Example: She has been practising since morning Example: They have been practising since
morning
Here “She” is the subject + has been, followed by
“ing” added to the the first form of verb Here “They” is the subject + have been, followed
“practise” and then the object by “ing” added to the the first form of verb
“practise” and then the object
Past Tense
Any event or action that took place in the past can be referred to as the past tense. Below we
have discussed in detail the four sub parts of the past tense in English grammar……..
SIMPLE PAST
Rule: Subject + V2 + Object
For example: He ran away
Here, subject is “He” and “ran” is the second form of verb (V2) of “run” followed by the object
Past Continuous
Singular Plural
Rule: Subject + was + V1 + ing + Object Rule: Subject + were + V1 + ing + Object
For example: She was going shopping For example: They were going shopping
Here, the subject is “She” + was Here, the subject is “They” + were
It is followed by the first form of verb (V1) “go” + Followed by the first form of verb (V1) “go” +
“ing” and then the object “shopping” “ing” and then the object “shopping”
Past Perfect
Rule: Subject + had + V3 + Object
For example: Sumit had left the job
Here the subject is “Sumit” + had
Then “left”, which is the third form of verb (V3) “leave” is given followed by the object
Past Perfect Continuous
Rule: Subject + had been + V1 + ing + Object
For example: They had been preparing for their performance since two months
Here the subject is “They” + had been
It is followed by “preparing”, which is the first form of verb (V1) of “prepare” and then the object
Future Tense
The actions that are to take place in the future fall in the category of future tense. We have
discussed the sub parts of future tense in detail further below in the article followed by the
examples for the same……………
SIMPLE FUTURE
Rule: Subject + will/shall + V1 + Object
For example: I will visit my Uncle tomorrow
Here, the subject is “I” + will
It is followed by the first form of verb (V1) “visit” and then the object
Future Continuous
Rule: Subject + will be/shall be + ing + V1 + Object
For Example: I shall be going to the market tomorrow
In this example, the subject is “I” + shall be
Following it is the first form of verb (V1) “go”+ing and then the object
Future Perfect
Rule: Subject + will have/shall have + V3 + Object
For example: I shall have prepared the notes by tomorrow morning
In this example, the subject is “I” + shall have
It is followed by “prepared”, which is the third form of Verb (V3) “prepare” and then the object
Future Perfect Continuous
Rule: Subject + will have been + V1 + ing + Object
For Example: She will have been working here since 2015
Here, the subject is “She” + will have been
It is followed by the first form of verb “work”+ing and then the object
