Application:

1. Make a wordlist of terms of at least 20 ICT-terms with definitions or descriptions. Write in your
reference (APA Format) to the source of your explanations.

• Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human
intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between
languages.

Source: Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Artificial intelligence. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30,
2025, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artificial%20intelligence

• Big Data

Extremely large datasets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations,
especially relating to human behavior and interactions.

Source: Oxford University Press. (n.d.). Big data. In Lexico.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.lexico.com/definition/big_data

• Cloud Computing

The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the internet to store, manage, and process data,
rather than a local server or a personal computer.

Source: Oxford University Press. (n.d.). Cloud computing. In Lexico.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025,
from https://www.lexico.com/definition/cloud_computing

• Cybersecurity

The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks. These cyberattacks are
usually aimed at accessing, changing, or destroying sensitive information; extorting money from users; or
interrupting normal business processes.

Source: IBM Cloud Education. (2020, July 27). What is cybersecurity? IBM.com.
https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/cybersecurity

• Data Analytics

The science of examining raw data with the purpose of drawing conclusions about that information. It involves
various techniques and processes to extract insights, often using specialized systems and software.

* Source: SAS Institute Inc. (n.d.). What is data analytics? SAS.com.

• Digital Divide

The gap between demographics and regions that have access to modern information and communications
technology, and those that don’t or have restricted access.

* Source: TechTarget. (n.d.). What is digital divide? TechTarget.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/digital-divide

• Encryption

The process of converting information or data into a code, especially to prevent unauthorized access. It’s a
method of scrambling data so that only authorized parties can understand the information.
 Source: Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Encryption. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025,
from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/encryption

• Ethernet

A system for connecting computer systems to form a local area network, with protocols to control the passing
of information and to avoid simultaneous transmission by two or more systems.

Source: Oxford University Press. (n.d.). Ethernet. In Lexico.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.lexico.com/definition/ethernet

• Firewall

A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on
predetermined security rules. It typically establishes a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted
external networks, such as the internet.

Source: TechTarget. (n.d.). What is a firewall? TechTarget.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/firewall

• Hardware

The physical components of a computer system, such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage
devices, and input/output devices.

Source: Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Hardware. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025,
from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hardware

• Internet of Things (IoT)

A network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of
connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.

Source: Microsoft Azure. (n.d.). What is IoT (Internet of Things)? Microsoft.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025,
from https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/resources/cloud-computing-dictionary/what-is-iot/

• Malware

Software that is specifically designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to a computer system.
It’s a portmanteau for “malicious software.”

Source: TechTarget. (n.d.). What is malware? TechTarget.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/malware

• Network Protocol

A set of rules or procedures for transmitting data between electronic devices, especially computers, in a
network. Common examples include HTTP, TCP/IP, and FTP.

Source: Techopedia. (n.d.). What is a Network Protocol? Techopedia.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1609/network-protocol

• Operating System (OS)

The software that supports a computer’s basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and
controlling peripheral devices. Examples include Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Source: Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Operating system. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30,
2025, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/operating%20system
• Phishing

The fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce
individuals to reveal personal information, such as passwords and credit card numbers.

Source: Oxford University Press. (n.d.). Phishing. In Lexico.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.lexico.com/definition/phishing

• Router

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic
directing functions on the Internet.

Source: TechTarget. (n.d.). What is a router? TechTarget.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/router

• Software

The programs and other operating information used by a computer. It refers to the non-physical components
that make the computer hardware function.

Source: Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Software. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025,
from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/software

• Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A network that extends across a public network and enables users to send and receive data across shared or
public networks as if their computing devices were directly connected to the private network.

Source: Cloudflare. (n.d.). What is a VPN? Cloudflare.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/vpn/what-is-vpn/

• Wi-Fi

A technology for wireless local area networking with devices based on the IEEE 802.11 standards, allowing
devices to connect to a network or the internet wirelessly.

Source: Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Wi-Fi. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Wi-Fi

• World Wide Web (WWW or Web)

An information system on the Internet that allows documents and other web resources to be accessed via
hyperlinks and URLs. It’s often simply called the “Web.”

Source: TechTarget. (n.d.). What is the World Wide Web? TechTarget.com. Retrieved July 30, 2025, from
https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/World-Wide-Web-WWW

2. Identify three (3) concepts that you learned in this lesson. Write your ideas about the idea.

First, I learned the value of technology in learning and teaching. It is a powerful amplifier on many dimensions
of education. It’s not only helpful for bringing a huge repository of information within reach (digital libraries,
online databases) but also for engaging students actively through interactive experiences (VR, AR,
gamification). Most importantly, it facilitates tailored learning pathways through adaptive systems, where
teachers can customize material according to student requirements. In addition, it improves communication
and collaboration through LMS platforms as well as video conferencing, which enhances teamwork. Ultimately,
its purpose lies in preparing students with essential 21st-century skills, leading them towards a world driven by
technology. My concept regarding this is that successful integration is not merely about possessing technology,
but realizing its numerous applications to actually revolutionize the learning environment from passive
acceptance to active, customized, and cooperative interaction.

Second, I learned about the Educational Technology (EdTech) Vocabulary. Terminologies such as “blended
learning,” “flipped classroom,” “gamification,” and “adaptive learning” are specific pedagogical methods or
technological platforms intended to maximize learning. Knowledge of these terms is important for teachers,
policymakers, and students so that they can meaningfully communicate, apply, and assess technology-enabled
educational programs. My concept regarding this is that the sheer quantity and intensity of these terminologies
reflect the diversity and specialization of EdTech. It’s not a monolithic field; rather, it’s a dynamic ecosystem of
diverse methodologies and tools, each with its own purpose and potential impact, requiring continuous learning
to stay current.

Lastly, I learned about the Interconnectedness of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) term. For
example, Cloud Computing facilitates the operation of Learning Management Systems (LMS), which are
dependent upon Network Protocols and Routers to convey Information via the Internet and World Wide Web.

Cybersecurity is a critical necessity to safeguard our Hardware and Software from Malware and Phishing
attacks that increasingly depend on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and produce Big Data investigated using Data
Analytics. My concept is that this interdependence implies that developments or weaknesses in one field of
ICT have a ripple effect to others. Educators should have a general grasp of these key ICT concepts in order to
not only utilize technology, but to debug, secure information, and critically examine emerging technological
solutions for their classrooms.