SUNSHINE SCHOOLS
FORM 3
BIOLOGY
HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT
APRIL 2024
1. a. Name the structures used for locomotion in each of the following organisms. (2mks)
i).Euglena.
ii).Paramecium.
b. Blackjack (Bidens pilosa) belongs to the family compositae.What is the plants (2mks).
i).Genus
ii).Species
2. Name two metabolic waste products in
a.).Birds (2mks)
b.).Plants (2mks)
3. a).Name the excretory product in plants which is excreted through the stomata (1mk)
b).State one adaptation of the guard cell to its function (1mk)
4. The equation below show what happens in cellular respiration.
C18 H38 O4 + 26O2 ----------------- 18CO2 + 18H2O + Energy
a) Name the type of respiration shown and where it occurs (2mks)
b).Determine the respiratory quotient of the process (2mks)
c).What food substance is broken in the respiration. (1mk)
5. Explain why food is stored in an insoluble form in the cells of living things (2mks)
6. Below is a list of organisms, which belong to classes insect, myriapoda and arachinida.
Tick, Praying mantis, Tsetse fly, Millipede, and Spider. Place the organisms in their
respective classes. Give reasons in each case. (6mks)
7. To estimate population size of crabs in a certain lagoon, traps were laid at random 400
crabs were caught , marked and released back into the lagoon. Four days later, traps were
laid again and 374 crabs were caught. Out of the 374 crabs, 80 were found to have been
marked.
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a) Calculate the population size of the crabs in the lagoon using the formula below.(2mks)
N= n x M
MR
Where
N=Total population of crabs in the lagoon.
n=Total number of crabs in the second catch.
M=Number marked crabs during the first catch.
MR.Number of marked crabs in the second catch.
b) State two assumptions that were made during the investigation (2mks)
c).What is the name given to the method of estimating population size? (1mk)
11. a). What is alternation of generations? (3mks)
b). Name two divisions in plant kingdom that shows alternation of generation. (2mks)
12. list the main characteristics that are used to sub-divide arthropods into classes (2mks).
13. Distinguish between plasmolysis and hemolysis (2mks)
14. In an experiment ,a leafy shoot was set up in a photometer and kept in a dark room for
2hrs.The set up was transferred to a well lit room for 2 hours.
a).What was the aim of this experiment? (1mk)
b).Explain the results which would be expected in each of the two experiments conditions
(3mks)
15. a). What is meant by (2mks)
(i) Autecology
(ii) Synecology
b). The number and distribution of stomata on three different leaves are shown in the
table below.
Leaf Number of stomata
Upper epidermis Lower epidermis
A 300 0
B 150 200
C 02 13
Suggest the possible habitat of the plants from which the leaves were obtained. (3mks)
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16. With reference to photosynthesis, explain the following (2mks)
a) Compensation point
b) Limiting factor
17. The diagram below shows cells in plants:-
(a) Identify the cells shown above (1mk)
(b) Explain how the cells are adapted to their function (2mks)
18. (a) What is meant by digestion? (1mk)
(b) Explain how mammalian small intestine is adapted to its function (4mks)
19. A person was found to pass out large volume of dilute urine frequently. Name the;
(2mks)
(a) Disease the person was suffering from?
(b) Hormone that was deficient
20. State three functions of the liver in excretion and homeostasis (3mks)
21. State two structural adaptation of the xylem vessels to their functions ( 2marks)
22. Name two environment factors that cause increase in the rate of transportation from leaves
( 2marks)
23. Name the blood vessels that transport blood from ( 3marks)
(i) small intestine to the liver
(ii) heart to the left lung
(iii) the left ventricle
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24. Name the disease characterized by hardening of arteries ( 1mark)
25. State two functions of mammalian blood ( 2marks)
26. a) Name the dangerous compound in the human blood formed when one inhales air in a
poorly ventilated room with a smoking jiko ( 1mark)
b) Why is the compound dangerous? (1mark)
27. Classify the following sources of immunity as either natural or artificial ( 2marks)
source Type
Colostrum
Serum
Oral inoculation
vaccines
28. The chart below shows a feeding relationship in a certain ecosystem
Grasshopper → Lizards → Snakes
Green plants Hawks
Mice Domestic cats
(a) Construct two food chains ending with a tertiary consumer in each case (2 marks)
(b) Which organisms has the largest variety of predators in the food web? (1 mark)
(c) Name secondary consumers in the food web ( 2 marks)
(d) Suggest three ways in which the ecosystem would be affected if there was prolonged
drought ( 3 marks)
29. Name a method that could be used to estimate the population size of the following
organisms
(i) Fish in a pond ( 1 mark)
(ii) Black jack in a garden ( 1 mark)
30. Define the term Osmosis. (1mks)
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31. Describe what happens during the light stage of photosynthesis. (3mks)
32. State two ways in which the root hairs are adapted to their functions. (2 mks)
33. a) What is meant by the following terms:
i) Homeostasis. (1mk)
ii) Osmoregulation. (1mk)
b) Name the hormones involved in regulating glucose level in blood. (2mks)
34. Give four differences between mitosis and meosis (4mks)
35. Other than having many features in common, state the other characteristics of a species.
(lmk)
36. Why are green plants referred to as primary producers in an ecosystem? (2mks)
37 Name the form in which the following substances are transported in the body
a) Carbon (IV) oxide. (1mk)
b) Oxygen (1mk)
38. State two environmental factors that cause increase in the rate of transpiration from leaves.
(2mks)
39. What is the significance of meiosis? (2mks)
40. State three ways by which plants avoid self— pollination. (3mks)
41. The following organisms were found in a certain habitat:
Water snail, Kingfisher, Mosquito larvae, Phytoplankton, Fish and Water weeds.
In the table below place the organisms in their respective trophic levels. (3mks)
TROPHIC LEVEL ORGANISMS
Producers
Primary consumer(s)
Secondary consumer(s)
42. Name the process by which mineral salts are absorbed by plants. (lmk)
43. Write down a word equation that represents the process of aerobic respiration. (lmk)
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44. The equation below represents a metabolic process that occurs in the mammalian liver.
Amino Enzymes Organic + Urea
Acids compounds
a) Name the process. (lmk)
b) What is the importance of the process to the mammal? (1mk)
45. Name the carbohydrate stored in:
i) Mammalian liver (lmk)
ii) Potato (lmk)
46. State the functions of each of the following structures in a mammalian tooth:
a) Pulp cavity (lmk)
b) Enamel (lmk)
c) Dentine (lmk)
47. a) Name the fluid that is produced by the sebaceous glands. (lmk)
b) What is the role of sweat on the human skin? (2mks)
48. Distinguish between the terms:
a) Homodont and heterodont. (2mks)
b) Haemolysis and plasmolysis (2mks)
49. a) Name one defect of the circulatory system in humans. (lmk)
b) State three functions of blood other than transport. (3mks)
50. The diagram below illustrates the structure of bread mould
a) Name the part labeled P (1mk)
b) To which kingdom does the organism belong? (1mk)
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51. What role does mucus play in the stomach? (2mks)
52. The diagram below represents a certain organism.
State the phylum and class to which it belongs. (2mks)
Phylum ………………………………………………
Class …………………………………………………
53. The chart below shows a feeding relationship in a certain ecosystem.
(a) Construct one food chain ending with quaternary consumer. (1 mk)
(b) Which organism has the largest variety of prey in the food web? (1 mk)
(c) Identify the organism with the highest biomass. (1 mk)
54. In an investigation to estimate the number of Minnows (Rastrinoebola argentea) in a small pond,
625 Minnows were netted, marked and released. One week later 873 Minnows were netted and of
these, 129 had been marked. What was the estimated size of the population of these organisms?
(3 mks)
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55. Name two water-borne parasitic diseases that are characterised by severe diarrhoea. (2 mks)
56. Name three biological ways by which atmospheric nitrogen is availed for plant use.
(3 mks)
57. List down three characteristics of members of class monocotyledonae. (3 mks)
58. a) State the mode asexual reproduction in amoeba ( 1 mk)
b) Distinguish between monoecious and dioecious plants. (2 mks)
