R.K.D.F.

UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – III
Course Content & Grade
Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits
per Week
EC Electronics Devices EC - 3021 4L-0T-0P 4

Course Outcomes
Students will

CO1 Get a comprehensive introduction of electronic properties of semiconductors,

CO2 Be familiar with electronic devices, and their applications to circuits.
CO3 Will get knowledge of biasing and other characteristics with circuit operation.
CO4 Helps to understand the basics of solid state devices
CO5 Be able to analyze performance of various types of amplifiers.
CO6 Get Thorough Knowledge of Power Supplies

UNIT-I
Semiconductor intrinsic and extrinsic, p-type and n-type, energy band diagrams, majority and minority
carrier, charge density in semiconductor, generation and recombination of charges, process of diffusion,
diffusion and drift currents, Hall effects and its applications. p-n junction, depletion layer, potential barrier,
electric field, forward and reverse biased junction, current components in p-n diode, current equation, V-I
characteristics, cut in voltages of Si and Ge diode, transition and diffusion capacitance, power dissipation.
UNIT-II

Diode Family and Applications: Diodes Family: Characteristics and application of p-n junction diode,
Zener diode, avalanche diode, Varactor diode, Schottky diode, Tunnel Diode, PIN diode, LED, photodiodes,
phototransistors, p-n junction. Applications: diode as rectifier, clipper and clamper, The diode as a circuit
element, The Load line concept, The Pieces wise linear diode modal, Clipping circuits, Clipping at two
independent levels, Comparators, Sampling Gate, Rectifiers, Other full wave circuits, Capacitor filter
additional diodes circuits.
UNIT-III

Bipolar junction transistor - Construction, basic operation, current components and equations,. CB, CE and
CC-configuration, input and output characteristics, Early effect, region of operation, active, cutoff and
saturation region Ebers-Moll model, , power dissipation in transistor (Pdmax rating), Photo transistor, Uni-
junction Transistor (UJT) : Principle of operation, characteristics.

UNIT-IV

Amplifier Basics, Transistor as an amplifier, load line, Q-point and its selection criteria, designing of fixed
bias and self-bias, stability of biasing circuits, calculation of stability factor. Transistor at low frequency:
frequency response, bandwidth, h-parameter analysis of CC, CB and CE configuration, simplified model,
gain and impedance calculation of single stage amplifier. Transistor at high frequency, high frequency
model (hybrid-π), Parameters and their definition, Miller capacitance and its effect on voltage gain.
 UNIT-V
FET construction - Construction, n channel and p channel, characteristics, parameters, Equivalent model
and voltage gain, Enhancement and depletion MOSFET and its Characteristics, analysis of FET in
various configuration.

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Boylestad and Nashelsky: Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, Pearson Education
2. Millman and Halkias: Integrated electronics, TMH
3. Graham Bell: Electronic Devices and Circuits, PHI
4. Sendra and Smith: Microelectronics, Oxford Press.
5. Donald A Neamen: Electronic Circuits Analysis and Design, TMH
NOTE:-
All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps. Step
1: Circuit should be designed / drafted on paper.
Step 2: The designed/drafted circuit should be simulated using Simulation Software
Step 3: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board and compare the results with
the simulated results.
Step 4: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB by one batch using PCB machine.

List of Experiments (Expandable):

1. V-I characteristics of various Diodes (p-n, Zener, Varactor, Schottky, Tunnel, Photodiode etc)
2. Characteristics of Transistors (BJT and FET)
3. Study of Power electronic devices (Diac, Triac, SCR, Power MOSFET, IGBT etc).
4. Full wave rectifier with 4 diodes (Bridge rectifier).
5. Series voltage Regulator.
6. Shunt voltage Regulator.
7. Characteristics of Thermistor.

R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – III
 Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits 6

per Week
EC Digital Electronics EC - 3031 4L-0T-2P

Course Outcomes
The purpose of this course is to develop a strong base in design and analysis of digital
systems. Students will learn to

CO1 Understand the concepts of Boolean algebra and Logic gates and realize logic
functions by utilizing these fundamentals.
CO2 Design complex digital systems and apply them in real world scenario.

CO3 Understand the concepts of combinational and sequential circuits and implement them
using the minimization techniques (K-Map, Quine-McCluskey algorithm).
CO4 Identify and analyze the synchronous and asynchronous logic circuits

CO5 Understand concepts of memory, programmable logic and digital integrated circuits

CO6 Get Thorough knowledge of registers and counters and apply them in logic circuits.

UNIT-I

NUMBER SYSTEMS - BOOLEAN ALGEBRA AND LOGIC GATES

Decimal, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal systems, conversion from one base to another, Codes-BCD,
Excess-3, Gray Reflected ASCII, EBCDIC. Logic gates and binary operations-AND, OR, NOT, NAND,
NOR, Exclusive–OR and Exclusive–NOR Implementations of Logic Functions using gates, NAND–NOR
implementations –Multi level gate implementations-Multi output gate implementations. Number Systems -
Boolean algebra – Canonical and standard forms. Digital logic gates – Integrated circuits. Map method – four
and five variable map methods –Products of Sums Simplification - Don’t care conditions Quine -
McClucskey Method.

UNIT-II

GATE LEVEL MINIMIZATION & COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS

Half adder –Full Adder –Half subtractor -Full subtractor, Parallel binary adder, parallel binary Subtractor –
Fast Adder - Carry Look Ahead adder–Serial. Adder/Subtractor -BCD adder –Binary Multiplier –Binary
Divider -Multiplexer/Demultiplexer –decoder -encoder –parity checker –parity generators –code converters -
Magnitude Comparator.
UNIT-III

SYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL LOGIC DESIGN

Building blocks like S-R, JK and Master-Slave JK FF, Edge triggered FF, Finite state machines, Design of
synchronous FSM, Algorithmic State Machines charts. Designing synchronous circuits like Pulse train
generator, Pseudo Random Binary Sequence generator, Clock generation.

UNIT-IV

REGISTERS AND COUNTERS

Asynchronous Ripple or serial counter. Asynchronous Up/Down counter -Synchronous counters –
Synchronous Up/Down counters – Programmable counters –Design of Synchronous counters: state diagram-
State table –State minimization –State assignment - Excitation table and maps-Circuit. Implementation -
Modulo–n counter, Registers –shift registers -Universal shift registers. Shift register counters –Ring counter
–Shift counters -Sequence generators.
UNIT-V

LOGIC FAMILIES AND SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORIES

TTL NAND gate, Specifications, Noise margin, Propagation delay, fan-in, fan-out, Tristate TTL,
ECL, CMOS families and their interfacing, Memory elements, Concept of Programmable logic
devices like FPGA. Logic implementation using Programmable Devices.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Morris Mano. M, ―Digital Design ―, Pearson education, Third Edition 2002.
2. Ronald J. Tocci, ―Digital System Principles and Applications‖ , PHI ,Sixth Edition, 1997.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Floyd, ―Digital Fundamentals‖ , Universal Book Stall, New Delhi,1986.
2. Morris Mano. M, ―Digital Design ―, PHI, Second Edition.
3. Ronald J. Tocci, ―Digital System Principles and Applications‖, Pearson education 9th edition.
Digital System Lab

INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. To verify operation of logic gates and flip-flops.
2. To design and construct digital circuits
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Study of Gates & Flip-flops.
2. Half Adder and Full Adder.
3. Magnitude Comparator (2-Bit).
4. Encoders and Decoders.
5. Multiplexer and Demultiplexer.
6. Code Converter.
7. Synchronous Counters.
8. Ripple Counter.
9. Mod – N Counter.
10. Shift Register – SISO & SIPO.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – III
Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits 6

per Week
EC Network Analysis EC - 3041 3L-1T-2P

Course Outcomes:

Students will

CO1 Understand basics of electrical circuits with nodal and mesh analysis. Understand network
laws like KCL and KVL
CO2 Learn the concept of electrical network theorems.

CO3 Apply Laplace Transform for steady state and transient analysis CO4
Identify and analyze the synchronous and asynchronous logic circuits

CO5 Realize the frequency domain techniques and understand relationship of two port networks.
CO6 Get Thorough knowledge of registers and counters and apply them in logic circuits.

UNIT-I
Introduction to circuit theory: basic circuit element R,L,C and their characteristics in terms of linearity
& time dependant nature, voltage & current sources, controlled & uncontrolled sources KCL and KVL
analysis, Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors . Concept of phasor & vector, impedance &
admittance, Nodal
& mesh analysis, analysis of magnetically coupled circuits. Dot convention, coupling coefficient,
tuned circuits, Series & parallel resonance.

UNIT-II

Network Graph theory: Concept of Network graph, Tree, Tree branch & link, Incidence matrix, cut set
and tie set matrices, dual network .
UNIT-III
Kirchoff’s voltage law, Kirchoff’s current law, Voltage division and current division, Series parallel
Network reduction, Superposition theorem and its application, Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorem and its
application, Maximum power transfer theorem, Tellegen’s theorem, Conservation of power, Tellegen’s
quasi theorem, Application of Tellegen’s theorem, Millman’s theorem, Substitution theorem with
proof, Compensation theorem.
Network Graph Theory: Concept of a network graph terminology used in network graph relation
between twigs and links, Properties of a tree in a graph, Formation of incidence matrix, No. of trees in a
graph, Cut set matrix and tie set matrix.

UNIT-IV
Transient analysis: Transients in RL, RC&RLC Circuits, initial& final conditions, time constants. Steady
state analysis, Laplace transform: solution of Integro-differential equations, transform of waveform
synthesized with step ramp, Gate and sinusoidal functions, Initial & final value theorem, Network Theorems
in transform domain.
Sinusoidal Steady state Analysis: Introduction, Sinusoidal voltage and current, Element responses, The
sinusoidal steady state, The sinusoidal and ejwt, Solution using ejwt, Solution using Re ejwt or Im ejwt,
Phasors and phasor diagrams.
UNIT-V
Two port Networks: Relationship of two port variables, Short circuit admittance parameters, open
circuit impedance parameters, Transmission parameters, the hybrid parameters, Relationship between
various parameters, Parallel connection of two part networks.
Frequency Response and Resonance: Introduction, Half power frequencies, RLC circuit series

resonance, Quality factor, RLC parallel circuit parallel resonance, Practical LC parallel circuits, Series
parallel conversions.
Books Recommended
1. Van-Valkenberg M E ―Network Analysis‖, PHI, New Delhi, Third Edition (1999)
2. Van-Valkenberg M E, ―Introduction to Modern Network Synthesis‖, John Wiley & Sons (1999)
3. Nahvi M, Edminister J, ―Scaum’s Outline of Electric Circuits (Theory and Problems)‖,
TMH Publication, Fourth Edition, (2002)
4. Balabanian N, Bickert Theodare A, ―Linear Network Theory: Analysis, Properties, Design
and Synthesis‖, Matrix Publishers, First edition (1985)
5. DeCalro R A, Lin P M, ―Linear Circuit Analysis‖, 2nd Ed. Oxford University Press, Indian
Edition (2004).
Analysis and Synthesis of Networks Laboratory
1. Verification of Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem.
2. Verification of Maximum power transfer theorem, Superposition theorem.
3. Verification of Reciprocity theorem.
4. Design and implementation of Т and П passive filters.
5. Determination of h-parameters of a network.
6. Study of sinusoidal steady state response of a network.
7. Study of transient response of a network.
8. Study of passive integrator and differentiator.
9. Synthesis of RC-network for a given network function.
10. Verification of equivalence of star and delta transformation
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – III
Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week
EC Value Education EC - 3051 4L-0T-2P 6

Course Outcomes:

Students will

CO1 Understand the Concepts of Values, need for Education in values for character development
and Challenges for Value adoption.
CO2 Get knowledge of Personal Values, Social Values, Spiritual values and its Benefits for self
and society
CO3 Learn Business and Professional Ethics and Entrepreneurship and develop Corporate Social
Responsibility.
CO4 Will understand the self anatomy, its cyclic processes within self and learn the states of the
awareness.
CO5 Understand Quality of Life and know self esteem and understand its components.

Chapter 1

Value Education Concepts of Values-Definition and Types of values –The need for Education in
values. Challenges for Value adoption-Character development-Vision of a better world

Chapter 2

Inculcation of values Classification of values- Personal Values-Family Values-Social

Values-Spiritual values, Benefits of value adoption

Chapter3

Values for Professional excellence

Definition-Purpose- implementation-situations to adopt-reflection questions, quotable quotes of

Active Listening, Decision making-Determination-Perseverance-Discipline Responsibility

Chapter 4
Business ethics

Ethics and Entrepreneurship- Professional Ethics –Ethical choices- Resolving Ethical

Dilemmas-Leadership and Social Responsibility- Corporate Social Responsibility.

Chapter 5
Quality of Life

Dealing with change-Trends, Organizations and the Individual-Self and the world-Quality from
within-Relating to others-The dynamics of personal powers.

Chapter 6
Exploring the self

True Identity-Anatomy of the self-The cyclic processes within the self-States of the awareness-Innate
and Acquired qualities-Empowering the self.

Chapter 7

Understanding Self-Esteem

Know self-esteem-Understanding the self-Components of self-esteem-Association with self-esteem-

Levels of self-esteem-Reflection exercises.

Chapter 8

Principles of living

Be introspective-Be an observer-Being optimistic-Appreciate differences-Don’t compare yourself

with others Live at present

Chapter 9
Practical Meditation
Why meditate?-Soul consciousness-The supreme-Karma-Timeless dimension-The eight powers

Chapter 10
Exercises for Practice
Quiet reflection- Practice introversion-Being an observer-Stand back and observe -Self awareness (Soul
consciousness)-Experiencing Body free stage-Reflect on original qualities-Visualize the Divine-Think
attributes of the Supreme-Developing a living relationship-Surrender to God-Create Good wishes for all-
Visualization in Meditation: Orbs of Light- The forest-The Balloon
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – III
Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits 2

per Week
EC Software Lab-I EC - 3061 0L-0T-2P

Course Outcomes:

Students will

CO1 Get familiar with circuit simulation/ PCB designing software 2.Study and learn circuit simulation
software’s
CO2 Get Knowledge of the software applications of the software in the field of Electronic Devices,
Electronic Instrumentation and Network analysis.

CO3 Will understand Designing and simulation of Basic Electronics.

CO4 Get Understanding of software in optimization, designing and fabrication of PCBs of different
circuits.

CIRCUIT SIMULATION/ PCB DESIGNING SOFTWARE

Study of circuit simulation software (any one- TINA-PRO/ PSPICE/ CIRCUIT MAKER/
GPSIM/ SAPWIN etc).
Overview and Study of the key features and applications of the software. Application of the software in
the fieldof Electronic Devices, Electronic Instrumentation and Network Analysis. Design, Optimization
and simulation of
1. Basic Electronic circuits (examples rectifiers, clippers, clampers, diode, transistor characteristics etc).
2. Transient and steady state analysis of RL/ RC/ RLC circuits, realization of network theorems.
3. Use of virtual instruments built in the software.
Study of PCB layout software
Overview and use of the software in optimization, designing and fabrication of PCB pertaining to above
circuits simulated using above simulation software or other available. Students should simulate and
design the PCB for at least two circuits they are learning in the current semester.

R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – IV
Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

 per Week
EC Electronic EC -4021 4L-0T-2P 6
Instrumentation and
Measurement
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Understand the err
CO2 Understand working of CRO and apply the knowledge to select and identify specific sensors
(or complete instruments) for controlling machines and processes.
CO3 Designing and validation of DC and AC bridges, get knowledge of various
transducers, thermocouples, etc and learn
CO4 Understand the operating principles of a range of DAC and ADC instruments and
study the dynamic response and the calibration of the instruments.
CO5 Designing and Analysis of signal and sweep generator systems.
CO6 Learn about various measurement devices, their characteristics, their operation and their
limitations

UNIT-I

Measurement and Error: Accuracy and Precision, Sensitivity, Linearity, Resolution, Hysterisis, Loading
Effect. Measurements of Current, Voltage, Power and Impedance: DC and AC Ammeter, DC Voltmeter,
Chopper type and solid-state, AC voltmeter using Rectifier, Average, RMS, Peak Responding voltmeters,
Multimeter, Power meter, Bolometer and Calorimeter.

UNIT-II

Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO): Different parts of CRO, Block diagram, Electrostatic focusing,
Electrostatic deflection, Post deflection acceleration, Screen for CRTs, Graticules, Vertical and Horizontal
deflection system, Time base circuit, Oscilloscope Probes, Applications of CRO, Special purpose CROs-
Multi input, Dual trace, Dual beam, Sampling, Storage (Analog and Digital), Oscilloscope.

UNIT-III

AC Bridges: Maxwell’s bridge (Inductance and Inductance-Capacitance), Hay’s bridge, Schering bridge
(High voltage and Relative permittivity), Wein bridge, Wagner earth detector, Impedance measurement by
Q-meter.

Non-Electrical Quantities (Transducer): Classification of Transducers, Strain gauge, Displacement

Transducer- Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) and Rotary Variable Differential Transformer
(RVDT), Temperature Transducer- Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD), Thermistor, Thermocouple,
Piezoelectric transducer, Optical Transducer- Photo emissive, Photo conductive, Photo voltaic, Photo-diode,
Photo Transistor, Nuclear Radiation Detector.

UNIT-IV
Signal generator & Display: Signal and Function Generators, Sweep Frequency Generator, Pulse and
Square Wave Generator, Beat Frequency Oscillator, Digital display system and indicators, Classification of
Displays, Display devices, Light Emitting diodes(LED), Liquid Crystal Display(LCD).

UNIT-V
Digital Measurement and Instruments: Advantages of Digital Instrument over Analog Instrument, Digital-
to analog conversion (DAC) - Variable resistive type, R-2R ladder Type, Binary ladder, Weighted converter
using Op-amp and transistor, Practical DAC. Analog-to-digital Conversion (ADC)
–Ramp Technique, Dual Slope Integrating Type, Integrating Type (voltage to frequency), Successive
Approximations, digital voltmeters and multi-meters, Resolution and sensitivity of digital meter, PLC
structure, principle of operation, response time and application.

References :

1. H. S. Kalsi: Electronics Instrumentation, TMH.

4. K. Sawhney: Instrumentation and Measurements, Dhanpat Rai and Co.

5. Helfric and Cooper: Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques; Pearson.

List of Experiments:
All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps.

Step 1: Circuit should be designed/drafted on paper.

Step 2: The designed/drafted circuit should be simulated using Simulation Software
Step 3: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board and compare the results with
the simulated results.
Step 4: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB by one batch using PCB machine.
6. Study of CRO and Function Generator.
7. Displacement measurement by LVDT.
8. Force measurement by strain gauge.
9. Measurement of Capacitor, Self-induction using Q-meter.
10. Temperature measurement by thermistor, RTD and thermocouple.
11. Optical Transducer- Photo conductive, Photo voltaic, Photo-diode, PhotoTransistor
12. Design of digital to analog converter.
13. PLC operation and applications (for example: relay, timer, level, traffic light etc.)

R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – IV
Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week
EC Analog Communication EC -4031 4L-0T-2P 6

Course Outcomes:

Students will

CO1 Understand Signal Analysis. spectral density and types of systems

CO2 Get Knowledge of modulation Techniques and their analysis.
CO3 Get in-depth knowledge of modulation and different types of detectors.
Cow Learn about various transmitters and receivers.
CO5 Learn and Understand various sources of noise and its types

UNIT-I
Frequency domain representation of signal: Fourier transform and its properties, condition of existence,
Fourier transform of impulse, step, signum , cosine, sine, gate pulse, constant, properties of impulse function.
Convolution theorem (time & frequency), correlation(auto & cross), energy & power spectral density.
UNIT-2
Introduction: Overview of Communication system, Communication channels Need for
modulation, Baseband and Pass band signals, Amplitude Modulation: Double side band with Carrier (DSB-
C),Double side band without Carrier, Single Side Band Modulation, DSB-SC, DSB-C, SSB-SC,Generation
of AM, DSB-SC, SSB-SC, VSB-SC & its detection,Vestigial Side Band (VSB).

Unit-3
Types of angle modulation, narrowband FM, wideband FM, its frequency spectrum, transmission BW,
methods of generation (Direct & Indirect), detection of FM (discriminators: balanced, phase shift and PLL
detector),pre emphasis and de-emphasis. FM transmitter & receiver: Block diagram of FM transmitter &
receiver, AGC, AVC, AFC,

Unit-4
AM transmitter& receiver: Tuned radio receiver &super heterodyne, limitation of TRF, IF frequency, image
signal rejection, selectivity, sensitivity and fidelity ,Noise in AM, FM

Unit-5
Noise: Classification of noise, Sources of noise, Noise figure and Noise temperature, Noise bandwidth, Noise
figure measurement, Noise in analog modulation, Figure of merit for various AM and FM, effect of noise on
AM &FM receivers.

REFERENCES
1. Simon Haykins, Communication System, John Willy

2. Singh &Sapre, Communication System, TMH

3. B.P. Lathi, Modern Digital and analog communication system; TMH

4. Singhal, analog and Digital communication, TMH

5. Rao, Analog communication, TMH

6. P K Ghose, principal of communication of analog and digital, universities press. 7Taub&

shilling, Communication System, TMH

3. Hsu; Analog and digital communication(Schaum); TMH

4. Proakis fundamental of communication system. (Pearson edition).

List of Experiments:

4. To analyze characteristics of AM modulator & Demodulators.

5. To analyze characteristics of FM modulators& Demodulators.

6. To analyze characteristics of super heterodyne receivers

.
3. To analyze characteristics of FM receivers.

4. To construct and verify pre emphasis and de-emphasis and plot the wave forms.

5. To analyze characteristics of Automatic volume control and Automatic frequency control.

6. To construct frequency multiplier circuit and to observe the waveform.

7. To design and analyze characteristics of FM modulator and AM Demodulator using PLL

R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – IV
 Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits 6

per Week
EC Analog Circuit EC -4041 4L-0T-2P

Course Outcomes:
CO1 Understand the basic principles and operations of amplifiers at low and high frequencies.
CO2 Understand the nature and characteristics of devices such as Operational Amplifiers and
Oscillators.
CO3 Analysis and modeling of amplifiers such as Power amplifier and Tuned Amplifiers along with
their applications.
CO4 Learn about various cascade and cascade amplifiers with their characteristics.
CO5 Study and analyze the differential amplifiers with its characteristics and its analysis.

UNIT-I

Amplifier Basics, Transistor as an amplifier, load line, Q-point and its selection criteria, designing of fixed
bias and self-bias, stability of biasing circuits, calculation of stability factor. Transistor at low frequency:
frequency response, bandwidth, h-parameter analysis of CC, CB and CE configuration, simplified model,
gain and impedance calculation of single stage amplifier. Transistor at high frequency, high frequency
model (hybrid-π), Parameters and their definition, Miller capacitance and its effect on voltage gain.

UNIT-II
Feedback amplifier: positive and negative feedback loop gain, effect of negative feedback on gain stability,
distortion, bandwidth, input and output impedance of amplifier, types of feedback (voltage, current, series
and shunt) and their analysis. Oscillators: condition of sustained oscillation, RC phase shift, LC (Hartley and
Collpit) Oscillators, Wein Bridge, Negative resistance (Tunnel diode and UJT) oscillators, crystal oscillators.

UNIT-III
Power amplifier, classification, operation, analysis and design of Class A, Class B, Class-AB, Class C,
transformer coupled, push pull and complementary symmetry amplifiers, power dissipation in transistors
(Pdmax rating) and efficiency calculations. Tuned amplifier and its applications, Q factor, selectivity and
bandwidth, effect of loading, double tuning (synchronous and stagger)

UNIT-IV

Operational Amplifier: Differential amplifier and analysis, Configurations-Dual input balanced output
differential amplifier, Dual input Unbalanced output differential amplifier, Single input balanced output
differential amplifier, Single input Unbalanced output differential amplifier Introduction of op-amp, Block
diagram, characteristics and equivalent circuits of an ideal opamp, Power supply configurations for OP-
AMP. Characteristics of op-amp: Ideal and Practical, Input offset voltage, offset current, Input bias current,
Output offset voltage, thermal drift, Effect of variation in power supply voltage, common-mode rejection
ratio (CMRR), Slew rate and its Effect, PSRR and gain bandwidth product, frequency limitations and
compensations, transient response, analysis of TL082 datasheet.
OP-AMP applications: Inverting and non-inverting amplifier configurations, Summing amplifier,
Integrators and differentiators, Instrumentation amplifier, Differential input and differential output amplifier,
Voltage series feedback amplifier, Voltage-shunt feedback amplifier, Log/ Antilog amplifier,
Triangular/rectangular wave generator, phase-shift oscillators, Wein bridge oscillator, analog multiplier-
MPY634, VCO, Comparator, Zero Crossing Detector. OP-AMP AS FILTERS: Characteristics of filters,
Classification of filters, Magnitude and frequency response, Butterworth 1st and 2nd order Low pass, High
pass and band pass filters, Chebyshev filter characteristics, Band reject filters, Notch filter; all pass filters,
self-tuned filters, AGC,AVC using opAMP.

UNIT-V

TIMER: IC-555 Timer concept, Block pin configuration of timer. Monostable, Bistable and Astable
Multivibrator using timer 555-IC, Schmitt Trigger, Voltage limiters, Clipper and clampers circuits, Absolute
value output circuit, Peak detector, Sample and hold Circuit, Precision rectifiers, Voltage-to-current
converter, Current-to-voltage convertor.

Voltage Regulator: Simple OP-AMP Voltage regulator, Fixed and Adjustable Voltage Regulators, Dual
Power supply, Basic Switching Regulator and characteristics of standard regulator ICs such as linear
regulator, Switching regulator and low-drop out regulator. Study of LM317, TPS40200 and TPS7250
Differential amplifier - configuration, transfer characteristics, DC analysis, h-parameter analysis,
differential and common mode gain, CMRR, constant current source and current mirror, level shift.

References:
1. Millman and Halkias : Integrated electronics, TMH
2. Boylestad and Nashelsky : Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, PHI
3. Sendra and Smith : Microelectronics, Oxford Press
4. Graham Bell : Electronic Devices and Circuits , PHI
5. Donald A Neamen : Electronic Circuits Analysis and Design, TMH

List of Experiments (Expandable):

All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps.

Step 1: Circuit should be designed/ drafted on paper.

Step2: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board
Step 3: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB by one batch using PCB machine.
1. Characteristics of Op-Amp (input offset voltage, slew rate, CMRR, BW, input bias current.

& Linear application of Op-Amp (voltage follower, inverting and non-inverting amplifier and their
frequency response, adder, substractor, differential amplifier, integrator and differential frequency
response)
& To design and construct a shunt and series regulator and find line and load regulation.
& Design and performance evaluation of transistor amplifiers in CE, CB and CC configuration
& Design and performance evaluation of FET amplifiers
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – IV
Course Content & Grade

Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits 6

per Week
EC Control System EC -4051 4L-0T-2P

Course Outcomes:
CO1 Study about the modeling, characteristics and classification of types of control systems.
CO2 Understand about the concept of stability of time domain and time response of the systems.
CO3 Analyze the systems in time and frequency domains and use the concept of feedback to
improve the system performance.
CO4 Study about the different approaches of system designs
CO5 Learn about state space modeling of system and its analysis and understand about the concept
of state, state variables and state model.

UNIT-1

Introduction to Control system : Terminology and classification of control system, examples of control
system, mathematical modeling of mechanical and electrical systems, differential equations, transfer
function, block diagram representation and reduction, signal flow graph techniques.
Feedback characteristics of control systems Open loop and closed loop systems, effect of feedback on
control system and on external disturbances, linearization effect of feedback, regenerative feedback

UNIT-2

Time response analysis Standard test signals, time response of 1st order system, time response of 2nd order
system, steady -state errors and error constants, effects of additions of poles and zeros to open loop and
closed loop system.

Time domain stability analysis Concept of stability of linear s ystems, effects of locationof poles on
stability, necessary conditions for stability, Routh -Hurwitz stability criteria, relative stability analysis, Root
Locus concept, guidelines for sketching Root -Locus.

UNIT-3
Frequency response analysis Correlation between time and frequency response, Polar plots, Bode Plots, all-
pass and minimum-phase systems, log-magnitude versus Phase-Plots, closed-loop frequency response.

Frequency domain stability analysis : Nyquist stability criterion, assessment of relative st ability using
Nyquist plot and Bode plot (phase margin, gain margin and stability).

UNIT-4
Approaches to system design Design problem, types of compensation techniques, design of phase-lag, phase
lead and phase lead-lag compensators in time and frequency domain, proportional, derivative, integral and
Composite Controllers.

UNIT-5

State space representation of systems, block diagram for state equation, transfer function decomposition,
solution of state equation, transfer matrix, relationship between state equation and transfer function,
controllability and observability.

Text/Reference Books:

1. Albert D. Helfrick, William David Cooper, ―Modern electronic instrumentation and

measurement techniques‖, TMH2008.
2. Oliver Cage, ―Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation‖, TMH, 2009.
3. Alan S. Morris, ―Measurement and Instrumentation Principles‖, Elsevier (Buterworth
Heinmann), 2008.
4. David A. Bell, ―Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements‖, 2nd Ed., PHI, New Delhi
 2008.
5. H.S. Kalsi, ―Electronics Instrument ation‖, TMH Ed. 2004
6. A.K.Sawhney, ―A Course in Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation‖,
Dhanpat Rai.

7. MMSAnand,―ElectronicInstruments&InstrumentationTechnology‖,PHIPvt.Ltd.,New Delhi
Ed. 2005

CONTROL SYSTEM LAB

Control System performance analysis and applications of MATLAB in Control system
performance analysis

R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
SECOND YEAR-Semester – IV
Course Content & Grade
 Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits 2
per Week
EC Software Lab -II EC -4061 0L-0T-2P

Students will

CO1 Learn Advanced Simulation Software’s and its analysis package.

CO2 Study of the key features and applications of the software.
CO3 Learn about the applications of the software in the field of Electronic Circuits, Digital Electronics
and Analog Communication.
CO4 Designing, Optimization, simulation and verification of digital electronic systems.
CO5 Realization of various signals and communication link etc.

Course Contents

ADVANCED SIMULATION/ VERIFICATION SOFTWARE

Study of simulation/ verification software (any one- LAB-VIEW/KTECHLAB/ GNU CIRCUIT

ANALYSIS PACKAGE/ LOGISIM/ MULTISIM/ SCILAB etc).

Overview and Study of the key features and applications of the software. Application of the software in the
field of Electronic Circuits, Digital Electronics and Analog Communication. Design, Optimization,
simulation and verification of

3. Electronic circuits (example amplifiers, oscillators etc).

4. Realization and verification of various digital electronic circuits (example logic gates, adders,
subtractors etc).

3.Realization of various signals and communication link etc. Students should simulate and verify at least
six circuits they are learning in the current semester

R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – V
Course Content & Grade
 Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits
per Week
EC Digital Communication EC - 5011 4L-0T-2P 6

Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Understand basics of Digital Communication and Information Theory.
CO2 Learn the concept of Sampling Theory.
CO3 Understand the concept of Quantization, Quantization Noise, A-Law, etc
CO4 Get knowledge of various Digital Modulation Techniques
CO5 Learn about Digital Multiplexing Schemes and its concepts
CO6 Get a comprehensive knowledge of Polar, Bipolar Codings, ISI, Nyquist Criterion, etc.
UNIT-I

Elements of Digital Communication and Information Theory: Model of a digital communication

system; Mutual information and channel capacity of a discrete memory less channel, Calculation of
channel capacity of a discrete memory less channel, of a BSC, of a
continuous AWGN Channel, Hartely- Shannon law, Bandwidth-S/N tradeoff.

Sampling Theory: Sampling theorem, Signal reconstruction in time domain, Practical and Flat Top
Sampling, Sampling of Bandpass Signal.
UNIT-II

Waveform Coding Techniques: Discretization in time and amplitude, Linear quantizer, Quantization
noise power calculation, Signal to Quantization noise ratio, Non-uniform quantizer, A law & Mu- law,
companding, encoding and Pulse Code Modulation, Bandwidth of PCM, Differential pulse code
modulation, Multiplexing PCM signals, Delta modulation, Idling noise and slope overload, Adaptive delta
modulation, Adaptive DPCM, Comparison of PCM and DM,

UNIT-III

Digital Base Band Transmission: Line Coding & its properties. NRZ & RZ types, signaling format for
unipolar, Polar, bipolar (AMI) & Manchester coding and their power spectra (No derivation), HDB and
B8ZS signaling, ISI, Nyquist criterion for zero ISI & raised cosine spectrum, Matched filter receiver,
Derivation of its impulse response and peak pulse signal to noise ratio, Correlation detector decision
threshold and error probability for binary unipolar (on-off) signaling.

UNIT-IV

Digital Modulation Techniques: Types of digital modulation, Wave forms for Amplitude, Frequency and
Phase Shift Keying, Method of generation and detection of coherent & noncoherent binary ASK, FSK &
PSK, Differential phase shift keying, Quadrature modulation techniques, M-ary FSK, Minimum Shift
Keying (MSK), Probability of error and comparison of various digital modulation techniques. A base band
signal receiver, Probability of error, The Optimum filter, Matched Filter, Probability of error in Matched
 filter, Coherent reception, Coherent reception of ASK, PSK and FSK, Non- Coherent reception of ASK,
FSK, PSK and QPSK, Calculation of error probability of BPSK and BFSK, Error probability for QPSK.
UNIT-V

Digital Multiplexing: Fundamentals of time division multiplexing, electronic commutator, bit, byte
interleaving TTCarrier system, Synchronization and Signaling of T1, TDM, PCM hierarchy, North- America
CCITT standards, T1 to T4 PCM TDM system (DS1 to DS4 signals), Signal format of M12 Mux for AT & T
(Bell) system, bit rate calculation for DS1 to DS4 signals. Simulation of Digital Communication Systems
like PCM, DPCM, ADM, DM, ASK, FSK, PSK, QPSK and Multiplexers using ComSim and Matlab.

Books Recommended
6. Haykin Simon, ―Communication Systems‖, 4th Edition, Wiley publication.
7. Tomasi, ―Electronic Communication Systems‖, 4th edition, Pearson Publications.
8. Miller Gary M, ―Modern Electronic Communication‖, 6th edition, Prentice-Hall, (1999).
9. Nicolaos S Tzannes, ―Communication and Radar Systems‖, Prentice-Hall Inc, (1985).
10. Proakis J J, ―Digital Communications‖, 2nd Edition, Mc Graw -Hill.

Laboratory
14. Study of analog time division multiplexer.
15. Study of pulse code modulation and demodulation.
16. Study of delta modulation and demodulation and observe effect of slope overload.
17. Study pulse data coding techniques for NRZ formats.
18. Data decoding techniques for NRZ formats.
19. Study of amplitude shift keying modulator and demodulator.
20. Study of frequency shift keying modulator and demodulator.
21. Study of phase shift keying modulator and demodulator.
22. Simple fiber optic link fabrication using discrete components with available digital data input.
23. Digital link simulation, error introduction & error estimation in a digital link
using MATLAB (SIMULINK)/Com Sim.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – V
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours per Total Credits
Week
EC Electromagnetic Theory EC - 5021 3L-1T-2P 6

Course Outcomes:
The purpose of this course is to develop a strong base in electromagnetism. Students will learn to
CO1 Learn about different waveguides.
CO2 Understand about the concept of electromagnetism.
CO3 Analyze the systems and need for impedance matching and different impedance matching
techniques.
CO4 Study and learn about the various concepts of electric and magnetic fields.
CO5 Understand about field and circuit theory and understand about the concept of Maxwell’s equations
and time varying fields.

UNIT-I

STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS

Introduction to co-ordinate system-Coulomb’s law: Electric field intensity-Field due to different
types of charges-Electric Flux density. Gauss law: It’s applications to symmetrical charge distributions-
Concept of divergence. Electric potential: Potential field due to different types of charges-
Potential gradient-The dipole field due to dipole-Energy density in electrostatic field.

UNIT-II

STEADY MAGNETIC FIELDS

Biot Savart Law: Its applications. Ampere’s circuital law: Its applications-Curl of magnetic field
intensity- Magnetic flux and magnetic flux density-The scalar and vector magnetic potentials-
Steady magnetic field laws.

UNIT-III

MAXWELLS EQUATIONS AND TIME VARYING FIELDS

Maxwell’s Equations: For steady fields in point form and integral form-Faraday’s law- displacement
current-Maxwell’s equations in point form and integral form for time-varying fields-Comparison of field
and circuit theory. Poynting Theorem: Poynting vector

UNIT-IV

GUIDED WAVES
Waves between parallel planes: Transverse electric waves-Transverse magnetic waves-
characteristic of TE and TM waves-TEM waves. Velocity of propagation-Attenuation in parallel
plane guides-Wave impedance.
 UNIT-V
WAVEGUIDE THEORY
Rectangular wave guides: TE waves and TM waves in Rectangular waveguides-Dominant mode-
cutoff frequency in wave guides-Impossibility of TEM waves in waveguides. Circular waveguides:
Wave impedance and characteristic impedance-Power flow in wave guides-Attenuation factor and Q of
wave guides- Transmission line analogy for waveguides

TEXT BOOKS
7. William H. Hayt, Jr and John A.Buck., ―Engineering Electromagnetics‖, Tata McGraw-
Hill Publishing Ltd, 7th edition 2006
8. G.S.N.Raju., ―Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines‖ Pearson Education,
First Indian print 2005

REFERENCE BOOKS
5. Matthew N. O. Sadiku., ―Elements of Electromagnetics‖, Oxford University Press,3rd edition,
First Indian edition 2006
6. Gangadhar K.A , ―Field Theory‖, Khanna Publications,2000
7. Muthusubramanian R and Senthil Kumar N, ―Electromagnetic field theory ‖,
Anuradha publications,1999
8. Edward Jordan and KG Balmain, ―Electromagnetic Waves and Radiationg Systems‖,
Pearson education,
2nd edition.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – V
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week
EC Professional Elective EC – 5031 4L-0T-0P 4
Micro Processor and
Micro EC – 5031(A)
Controller ( P and C)
Voice Communication
(VC)
EC – 5031(B)
Communication
Networks and EC – 5031(C)
Transmission Lines
(CNTL)

Subject code: - EC 5031(A)

Subject Name: - Microprocessor and Controller (P and C)
Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Understand the concept of 8086/8088 μProcessor and its Architecture.
CO2 Get Introduction to the idea of instruction set and programming of 8086/8088 μProcessor.
CO3 Knowledge of segmentation of memory and Interfacing peripherals
CO4 Knowledge of interfacing devices like DMA Controller, PCI, etc.
CO5 Familiarity with Multimedia Extension (MMX) and Knowledge of
8051 Microcontroller and its Programming.

UNIT I
Architecture of 8086 Microprocessor BIU and EU, register organization, pin diagram, memory
organization, clock generator 8284, buffers and latches, 8288 bus controller, maximum and
minimum modes.
UNIT II

Assembly Language Programming of 8086 Instruction formats, addressing modes, instruction set,
assembly language programming, ALP tools- editor, assembler, linker, locator, debugger, emulator.
8086 based multiprocessor systems Interconnection topologies, coprocessors 8087 NDP, I/O processors
8089 IOP, bus arbitration and control, lightly and tightly coupled systems.
 UNIT III

Peripheral devices and their interfacing Memory interfacing, Programmable input/output ports
8255, Programmable interval timer 8253, keyboard/ display controller 8279, CRT controller 8275,
Programmable communication interface 8251 USART.
UNIT IV

Interrupts of 8086 Interrupts and interrupt service routine, interrupt cycle, maskable and non-maskable
interrupts, interrupt programming. Programmable interrupt controller 8259. DMA in 8086 Basic
DMA operation, modes of DMA transfer, DMA controller 8257.

UNIT V
8051 Microcontroller Features, architecture, Pin Diagram, memory organization, external
memory interfacing, instruction syntax, data types, subroutines, addressing Modes, instruction set,
ALP of 8051. Applications of 8051.
Subject code: - EC 5031(B)
Subject Name: - Voice Communication

Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Understand the concept of Basic Telephony, Modes of Data Transmission
CO2 Get Introduction to the idea of Line Coding, PSTN Network. CO3
Knowledge of different types of Digital Telephony. CO4 Knowledge of various
sorts of Digital Communication. CO5 Familiarity with Digital Switching and its
protocols.

UNIT I
Basic Telephony : Introduction, standard telephone set, function, local loop, block diagram, basic call
procedure, call progress tones and signals, cordless telephones, caller identification, electronic telephones,
telephone circuit - local subscriber loop, channel noise and units of power measurements, transmission
parameters, voice frequency circuit arrangements, crosstalk.

UNIT II
Public telephone network: Introduction, transmission system environment, public telephone network,
instruments, local loops, trunk circuits, telephone exchanges - local exchanges, automated central office
switches and exchanges, telephone numbering plan, telephone services, telephone switching hierarchy,
common channel signaling system, evolution of SS7, signaling points, call setup, Multiplexing of telephone
channels - frequency division multiplexing, FDM hierarchy, composite base-band signals, formation of
groups, super groups, master groups and radio channel, wavelength division multiplexing. Traffic analysis:
traffic characterization and measurement, arrival and holding time distributions, loss systems, lost call
estimation, network blocking probabilities.

UNIT III
Digital telephony: Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of digital voice network, voice digitization,
time division multiplexing of PCM signals, digital carrier, Super-frame TDM format, Fractional T Carrier
Service, Digital hierarchy, Master Group and Commercial TV, Picture Phone Terminal, Data Terminal,
Digital Carrier Line Encoding, Duty Cycle, Bandwidth Requirement, Clock and Framing Bit Recovery, Error
Detection, T Carrier System, T-1 Carrier System, , Statistical TDM, Codec and Combo Chips.

UNIT IV
Digital transmission: Introduction, digital data and digital signal, pulse transmission, inter-symbol,
interference, synchronous and asynchronous transmission, line coding – level encoding, bipolar coding, Code
Space redundancy, N zero substitution, Pair Selected ternary, Ternary coding, digital bi-phase, differential
encoding, coded mark inversion, multilevel signaling, partial response signaling, error performance,
performance monitoring, time division multiplexing - Bit vs Word Interleaving, framing, TDM loops and
rings.

UNIT V
Digital switching: Switching function, space division switching, multistage switching, non-blocking
switches, blocking probabilities, four wire switches, switch matrix control, time division switching – analog
and digital, two dimensional switching, multi stage time and space switching, STS and TST switching,
digital cross connect systems, digital switching in analog environment.
Reference Books:

11. W. Tomasi: Advanced Electronic Communication Systems, 6th Edition, PHI

12. W. Tomasi: Electronic Communication Systems, Pearson Education
13. John C.Bellamy: Digital Telephony, 3rd Edition, Willey India Pvt. Limited
14. T. Vishwanathan: Telecommunication Switching Systems and Networks, PHI.
15. James Martin: Telecommunication and Computers, PHI
16. G. F. Snyder: Introduction to Telecommunication Networks, Vikas Publishing House.
17. Cole Marion: Introduction to Telecommunication, Pearson Education.
Subject code: - EC 5031(C)
Subject Name: - Communication Networks and Transmission Lines (CNTL)

Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Understand the concept of Two Ports Networks
CO2 Get Introduction of various types of filters.
CO3 Knowledge of different types Real Functions.
CO4 Knowledge of various sorts of Transmission Line Fundamentals.
CO5 Familiarity with Radio frequencies and its basics.
UNIT I
Characteristic Parameters of symmetrical and asymmetrical two port networks and their design Image
impedance, iterative impedance, characteristic impedance, propagation coefficient, image transfer
coefficient , iterative transfer coefficient, Lattice and Bridged T networks, reactive matching networks,
matching techniques, insertion loss, symmetrical and asymmetrical attenuators and their design.
UNIT II
Passive LC Filters Analysis and design of Low pass, high pass, band pass and band elimination filters,
m-derived filters, composite filters, Filter specifications, Butterworth approximation, Chebyshev
approximation, elliptic function approximation, frequency transformation.
UNIT III
Positive real function LC, RL, RC, and RLC network synthesis, Foster and Cauer network,
minimum positive real function, Brune’s method, Bott-Duffin method, Synthesis-Coefficient.
UNIT IV
Transmission line fundamentals, Lumped parameter equivalent, voltage and current on a transmission
line, infinite line, characteristic impedance and propagation constant, waveform distortion, attenuation and
phase equalizers, distortion-less line, loading, liner reflection on a line, reflection coefficient, input and
transfer impedances, open circuit and short circuit line, reflection factors, reflection loss, insertion loss, T
and π equivalents of a line, location of line fault, construction and design of two wire line and coaxial
cable.
UNIT V
Line at radio frequencies: Parameters of line and coaxial cable at radio frequencies, dissipation-less line,
voltage and current on a dissipation- less line, standing waves, standing wave ratio, input impedance of
open circuit and short circuit, power and impedance measurement on lines, eighth-wave, quarter-wave and
half wave line, circle diagram, Smith chart, solution of problems using Smith chart, single and double stub
matching, introduction to micro-strip lines and its analysis.
Reference Books:-
& Ryder: Networks and Transmission Lines, PHI Learning.
& Valkenberg:- Introduction to Modern Network synthesis, Wiley India.
& Suresh: Electric Circuits and Networks, Pearson Education.
& Raju:- Electromagnetic field theory and Transmission Lines, Pearson Education.
& Ganesan:- Transmission Lines and Waveguides, TMH.
& Rao:- Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines, PHI learning.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – V
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week
EC Open Elective EC – 5041 4L-0T-0P 4
Industrial Electronics
(IE) EC – 5041(A)
Computer
Organization(CO) EC – 5041(B)
Data Communication
(DC) EC – 5041(C)

Subject code:- EC 5041(A)

Subject Name: - Industrial Electronics
Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Know concepts of power electronic devices as switches
CO2 Understand operation and applications of converters
CO3 Comprehend operation of inverters and commutation methods
CO4 Learn techniques of PWM inverters
CO5 Understand operation of choppers
CO6 Understand the working of Electronic Control of AC and DC motors.

UNIT-I

Semiconductor Switching Devices

Review of Thyristor, two transistor Model of SCR, classification and V-I characteristics, junction
temperature, gate circuit ratings, triggering process, UJT and characteristics, UJT as a relaxation oscillator,
turn off methods, fast recovery diodes, schottky diodes, Series and parallel connections of SCR, DIAC,
TRIAC, Power MOSFETS.

UNIT-II

Power Rectification
Classification of rectifiers, half, full, three-phase rectifier, semi converters, full converters, free wheeling
diodes, circuits using SCR, voltage multiplying rectifier circuits, transformer utility factor.
Regulated Power Supplies
Classification of voltage regulators, short period and long period accuracy of voltage regulator, D.C. voltage
regulators, complete series voltage regulator circuit with ICs, SMPS basic principles, step up and step down
circuits.
UNIT-III

Inverters
Introduction, simple Inverters and Power Inverter using SCR, output voltage control in inverter
waveform control, PWM inverters, reduction of harmonies with the help of PWM inverters.

Industrial Timing Circuits

Constituents of industrial timers, classifications, thermal timers, Electronic timers, SCR delay timer, I.C.
electronic timers.
UNIT-IV

Electronic Control of D.C. Motors

Introduction, control of D.C. shunt motor, full wave D.C. shunt motor control overload projection,
universal motor control, electronic control for reversing motor control using SCR, choppers, their
classifications and applications.
UNIT-V

Electronic Control of A.C. Motors

Instability of D.C. motors, variable speed induction motor drives, T.N. characteristics of I.M. invertors for
driving the motor, speed control of I.M. using various methods, cyclo-converters, their classifications and
applications.

Books Recommended
6. Rashid M H, ―Power electronics‖, 2nd Ed., PHI, N.Delhi (1998).
7. Mithal G K, ―Industrial electronics‖, 18th Ed., Khanna Publishers, Delhi (1998).
8. Biswas S N, ―Industrial electronics‖, 3rd Ed., Dhanpat Rai and Company, Delhi (2000).
9. Bhimbra P S, ―Power electronics‖, 3rd Ed., Khanna Publishers, Delhi (2002).
10. Singh M D, Khanchandani K B, ―Power electronics‖, 6th reprint TMH, New Delhi (2001).
Subject code: - EC 5041(B)
Subject Name: - Computer Organization

Course Outcomes:

Students will
CO1 Understand Computer Basics and its Fundamentals.
CO2 Get Knowledge of Control Unit Organization.
CO3 Get in-depth knowledge of different types of I/O Organization.
CO4 Learn about various memory organizations their specifications.
CO5 Learn and Understand about multiprocessors and their various parameters.

UNIT-I

COMPUTER BASICS AND CPU : Von Newman model, various subsystems, CPU, Memory, I/O,
System Bus, CPU and Memory registers, Program Counter, Accumulator, Instruction register, Micro
operations, Register Transfer Language, Instruction Fetch, decode and execution, data movement and
manipulation, Instruction formats and addressing modes of basic computer.

UNIT-II

CONTROL UNIT ORGANIZATION : Hardwired control unit, Micro and nano programmed control
unit, Control Memory, Address Sequencing, Micro Instruction formats, Micro program sequencer,
Microprogramming, ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT Arithmetic Processor, Addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division, Floating point and decimal arithmetic and arithmetic units, design of
arithmetic unit.
UNIT-III

INPUT OUTPUT ORGANIZATION: Modes of data transfer – program controlled, interrupt driven and
direct memory access, Interrupt structures, I/O Interface, Asynchronous data transfer, I/O processor.
Data transfer – Serial / parallel, synchronous/asynchronous, simplex/half duplex and full duplex.

UNIT-IV

MEMORY ORGANIZATION: Memory Maps, Memory Hierarchy, Cache Memory -Organization

and mappings.
Associative memory, Virtual memory, Memory Management Hardware.

UNIT-V

MULTIPROCESSORS: Pipeline and Vector processing, Instruction and arithmetic pipelines,

Vector and array processors, Interconnection structure and inter-processor communication.

Reference Books:

1. Morris Mano: Computer System Architecture, Pearson Education.

2. William Stallings: Computer Organization and Architecture, PHI
3. Carl Hamacher: Computer Organization, TMH
4. Tanenbaum: Structured Computer Organization, Pearson Education
Subject code: - EC 5041(C)
Subject Name: - Data Communication

Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Understand the concept of Basic Telephony, Modes of Data Transmission CO2
Get Introduction to the idea of Line Coding, PSTN Network and OSI Models. CO3
Knowledge of different types of LAN and WAN protocols. CO4 Knowledge of
various sorts of errors of Data Communication. CO5 Familiarity with Networking
Devices and its protocols.

UNIT I
Basic Telephony : Introduction, standard telephone set, function, local loop, block diagram, basic call
procedure, call progress tones and signals, cordless telephones, caller identification, electronic
telephones, telephone circuit - local subscriber loop, channel noise and units of power measurements,
transmission parameters, voice frequency circuit arrangements, crosstalk.

UNIT II
Data Communication: Introduction, Components, data representation Serial & Parallel transmission , Modes
of data transmission, Line Encoding: Unipolar, Polar, Bipolar, Networks – Protocols and standards –
Standards organizations – Line configurations – Topology – Transmission mode – Categories of networks –
Inter networks.

UNIT III

Public telephone network: Introduction, transmission system environment, public telephone network,
instruments, local loops, trunk circuits, telephone exchanges - local exchanges, automated central office
switches and exchanges, telephone numbering plan, telephone services, telephone switching hierarchy,
common channel signaling system evolution of SS7, signaling points, call setup, Multiplexing of telephone
channels - frequency division multiplexing, FDM hierarchy, composite base-band signals, formation of
groups, super groups, master groups and radio channel, wavelength division multiplexing. Traffic analysis:
traffic characterization and measurement, arrival and holding time distributions, loss systems, lost call
estimation, network blocking probabilities.

UNIT IV

OSI model: Functions of the layers. Transmission media: Guided media – Unguided media – Transmission
impairment – Performance. Switching Circuit switching , packet switching (virtual circuit and datagram
approach), message switching, Error detection and correction: Types of errors – Detection – Vertical
Redundancy Check (VRC) – Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC) – Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) –
Check sum – Error Correction. Data Link Layer Protocols: Framing , HDLC, ARQ: Stop and Wait, Sliding
Window. Efficiency, LAN: Project 802 – Ethernet – Token bus – Token ring – FDDI. MAN: IEEE 802.6
(DQDB) – SMDS. X.25, FRAME RELAY, ATM AND SONET/, SDH.

Unit-V
NETWORKING DEVICES AND TCP / IP PROTOCOL SUITE Networking and internetworking devices:
Repeaters – Bridges – Gateways – Other devices – Routing algorithms – Distance vector routing – Link state
routing. TCP / IP protocol suite: Overview of TCP/IP.
REFERENCE BOOKS
4. Data and Computer Communication – W. Stallings, Pearson
5. LANs – Keiser, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
← Data Communication & Networking – B.A. Forouzan, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
4. Internetworking with TCP/IP – VOL-I – D.E. Comer, PHI
5. ISDN and Broad band ISDN with Frame Relay & ATM – W. Stallings, Pearson

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Computer Networks by Tanenbum/PHI.
2. Data Networks: Bertsekas & Gallager.
3. Shay, William A : ―Understanding Data communications & Networks‖ / Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – V
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours per Week Total Credits

EC CNTL Lab EC - 5051 0L-0T-2P 2

Subject code: - EC 5051

Subject Name: - CNTL Lab
Course Outcomes:
1. Study of standing waves formation on a transmission line
2. Learn to measure various parameters of transmission line.
3. Get Knowledge of reactive loads and physical dimensions of Transmission line.
4. Get Knowledge of Balun Transformer and various filters.
5. Learn to measure input and output impedance of any RF circuits.

List of Experiments:

1. To set up the standing waves formation on a transmission line and observe their maxima and
minima using frequency domain method.
2. To measure the characteristic impedance of transmission lines using frequency domain method and
to differentiate between the matched and unmatched lines.
3. To measure the VSWR, reflection coefficient and return loss in a transmission line.
4. To measure the dielectric constant of insulator in the transmission line.
5. To measure the velocity of propagation and wavelength in the given transmission line.
6. To study the attenuation characteristics of signal along a transmission line and observe its variation
with frequency. Also calculate the phase constant and propagation constant.
7. To study the effect of reactive loads on transmission lines.
8. To study the difference between lossy and loss less line.
9. To study the physical dimensions of transmission line and estimation of characteristic impedance.
10. To study behavior of infinite and short lines.
11. To study the operation of Balun transformer.
12. To study the loading of transmission lines and estimate the cut off frequency of a loaded line.
13. To study the use of coaxial lines as tuned circuits and delay lines.
14. To study the input and output impedance of any RF circuits and match it to 50/75 ohms.
15. Simulation of various filters
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – V
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours per Week Total Credits

EC Software Lab-III EC - 5061 0L-0T-2P 2

Subject code: - EC 5061

Subject Name: - Software Lab-III
Course Outcomes:
1. Study of simulation softwares like MATLAB.
2. Introduction to MATLAB and its basics.
3. Modeling, Designing and development of Programs in MATLAB
4. Application of the software in the field of Control Systems, Data Communications
and Communication Systems.
5. Developing Programs related to simulations of CRC, LRC, VRC, hamming codes,
line encoding techniques.

Study of simulation software (any one Scilab/ MatLab etc.)

Introduction to Scilab / Matab, Study of Scilab / Matlab programming environment,

Modeling, Design and development of Programs.
Overview and Study of the key features and applications of the software.
Application of the software in the field of Control Systems, Data Communications
and Communication Systems.

1. Programs Related to Control System- open-loop and closed loop control system, frequency response
plots, determining transient response, specifications of second order system, effect of PID controller
on control system, Bode plot, Nyquist plot and Root Locus plot, state space analysis.

2. Programs Related to Communication Systems--Simulation of a Communication System

(Generation, addition of noise and Detection), AM, FM, PM, PAM, PCM, PSK, FSK etc.

3. Programs related to Data Communications- simulations of CRC, LRC, VRC, hamming codes,
line encoding techniques.

1. Rudra Pratap: Getting Started with MATLAB, Oxford University Press.

2. http://www.scilab.in
3. http://ekalavya.it.iitb.ac.in/contents.do?topic=Scilab
4. Vinu V. Das: Programming in Scilab, New Age Publisher.
5. Chapman Stephen J.: MATLAB Programming for Engineers, Thomson Cengage
6. Proakis: Contemporary Communication System Using MATLAB; Thomson Cengage.
7. Kuo: Automatic Control Systems, PHI Learning.
8. Singh and Chaudhari: Matlab Programming, PHI Learning
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – VI
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Contact Hours Total

Code per Week Credits
EC Wireless Communication EC-6011 4L-0T-2P 6

.
Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Understand generations of wireless mobile communication technologies
CO2 Be conversant with how various decisions were made while evolving the mobile communication
system standards and get Knowledge of Handoff’s and Channel Assignments.
CO3 Get the Knowledge of functioning of mobile communication network
CO4 Understand the concept of Digital Modulation Techniques for Mobile Communications.
CO5 To Understand features of wireless LAN technologies
CO6 Learn principles of Communication Protocols and its specifications.
UNIT-I
STANDARDS AND CELLULAR CONCEPT

Introduction - Standards: AMPS, GSM, CDMA (IS-95). Cellular Concept and Frequency Reuse,
Overview of Multiple Access Schemes, Channel Assignment and Hand off, Interference and system
capacity, Trunking and Erlang capacity calculations.
UNIT-II

MOBILE RADIO PROPAGATION

Radio wave propagation issues in Personal wireless systems, Elementary treatment of Propagation
Models, Multipath fading and base band impulse response models, Parameters of mobile
multipath channels

UNIT-III
MODULATION AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
Digital modulation techniques for mobile communications: BPSK, DPSK - □/4 QPSK - OQPSK
- GMSK.
Equalization, Diversity -Rake receiver concepts–Speech coding (LPC, CELP).

UNIT-IV
WIRELESS LAN STANDARD
IEEE 802.11 Architecture and Services - IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control- IEEE 802.11 Physical layer
BLUETOOTH
Bluetooth:
UNIT-V
Overview-Radio specifications-Base band specifications-Link Manager Specification-Logical
Link Control and Adaptation Protocol.

TEXT BOOKS
11. Rappaport T.S, ―Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice‖, 2nd edition, Pearson education.
12. William Stallings, ― Wireless Communication & Networking‖, Pearson Education Asia, 2004

REFERENCE BOOKS
24. Feher K. ―Wireless Digital Communications‖, Pearson education.
25. Lee W.C.Y, ―Mobile Communications Engineering: Theory & Applications‖, McGraw Hill,
New York
2nd Edition, 1998.
26. Schiller, ―Mobile Communication‖, Pearson Education Asia Ltd., 2000
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – VI
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Contact Hours Total

Code per Week Credits
EC Antenna & Wave Propagation EC-6021 3L-1T-2P 6

Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Understand Antenna Fundamentals and Vector Potentials.
CO2 Get Knowledge of various forms of Antenna Arrays.
CO3 Get in-depth knowledge of different types of Antennas and their features.
CO4 Learn about various antenna measurements and their specifications.
CO5 Learn and Understand about modes of propagation and their various parameters.
UNIT-I

ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS AND VECTOR POTENTIALS

Isotropic Radiation, Power density and Intensity, Gain, Directive gain, Directivity, Effective area,
Reciprocity theorem, Antenna efficiency, Radiation resistance, Terminal impedance, Beam width and
Bandwidth. Radiation from a small current element, Power radiated by a small current element and its
radiation resistance, Half wave dipole, Radiation field of current distribution of center fed Dipole.

UNIT-II

ANTENNA ARRAYS
Various forms of antenna arrays – Broadside, End fire, Collinear, Parasitic arrays, Array of two point
sources, Pattern Multiplication, Array of ―N‖ sources – analysis of End fire and Broadside case, phased
arrays, Binomial arrays.

UNIT-III

SPECIAL PURPOSE ANTENNAS

Traveling wave, Loop, Dipole and Folded dipole antennas, Horn antenna, Reflector antenna,
Yagi-Uda antenna, Log periodic antenna, Helical and Micro strip antenna and applications of all
types of antennas.

UNIT-IV

ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS
Impedance, Gain, Radiation pattern, Beam width, Radiation resistance, Antenna
efficiency, Directivity, Polarization and phase Measurements.
UNIT-V
RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION
Modes of propagation, Structure of atmosphere, Ionosphere layers, Mechanism of bending of waves,
Effect of earths Magnetic field on Radio wave propagation. Virtual height, MUF, Skip distance, OWF,
Ionosphere abnormalities, Multi-hop propagations, Space wave
propagation, Super refraction.
TEXT BOOKS
9. Constantine A.Balanis, ―Antenna Theory analysis and Design‖, II Edition, John Wiley
and Sons.
10. R.E.Collin, ―Antennas and Radio Wave Propagation‖, McGraw Hill International
Editions, 1985.

REFERENCE BOOKS
9. Robert S. Elliott, ―Antenna Hand Book‖, Joseph J. Carr, Galgotia Publication, New Delhi, 1995.
10. K.D. Prasad, ―Antenna and Wave Propagation‖, Tech India Publications, New Delhi, 1996.
11. John. D. Kraus, ―Antennas‖, McGraw Hill International Editions, 1988

List of Experiments:
7. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of an Omni Directional Antenna.
8. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Directional Antenna.
9. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Parabolic Reflector Antenna.
10. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Log Periodic Antenna.
11. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Patch Antenna.
12. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Dipole/ Folded Dipole Antenna.
13. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Yagi (3-EL/4EL) Antenna.
14. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Monopole/ WHIP/ Collinear Antenna.
15. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Broad site Antenna.
16. To Plot the Radiation Pattern of a Square Loop Antenna.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – VI
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week
EC Departmental Elective-II EC – 6031 4L-0T-0P 4

VLSI Fabrication and EC – 6031(A)

Technology (VLSI)

Digital Signal Processing

EC – 6031(B)
(DSP)
Digital Image
Processing(DIP) EC – 6031(C)

Subject code: - EC 6031(A)

Subject Name: - VLSI Fabrication and Technology
Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Get Knowledge of fundamental principles of VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated)
Circuit Design and Layout.
CO2 Have an overview of CMOS fabrication technologies, physical VLSI design issues
CO3 (bottom-up design), Thin Film Fabrication.
Learn about Lithography and Different Types of Lithography.
CO4
Learn basic concepts of VLSI process techniques and Integration.
CO5 Get Knowledge of building blocks of large-scale CMOS digital integrated circuits
CO6 Have hands-on design experience using a professional IC design platform

UNIT-I

Crystal Growth and Wafer preparation: Wafer terminology, Different crystalline orientations, CZ
method, CMOS IC Design flow, Crystal Defects. Fabrication processes of FETs, MOSFETs, and
BIMOS etc.

UNIT-II

Layering: Epitaxial growth methods, Oxidation; Kinetics of oxidation, Thin film

fabrication, Metallization; Physical Vapor Deposition, Sputtering.

UNIT-III
 Patterning: Lithography; Optical Lithography, Electron Lithography, X-ray Lithography, Ion Lithography.
Photo masking steps, Resists. Doping: Diffusion; Diffusion Models, Ion Implantation; Implantation
Equipment, Channeling.

UNIT-IV

VLSI process techniques and Integration: Floor planning, layout, Design rules, stick diagrams, Test
generation, Logic simulation, Introduction to EDA tools. Contamination Control; Clean rooms, HEPA,
ULPA Filters and Class numbers.
UNIT-V
Subsystem Design: Data-paths; adder, Shift registers ALU, Memory; NVRWM, Flash memories,
6-Transistor RAMs. Latch up in CMOS Circuits.

Text/ References:
1. S.K.Gandhi, VLSI Fabrication principles, Wiley.
2. S.M. Sze, VLSI Technology, II edition, McGraw Hill.
3. P.Van Zant, Microchip Fabrication, A Practical Guide to Semiconductor
Processing, Third Edition, McGraw Hill.

Subject code: - EC 6031(B)

Subject Name: - Digital Signal Processing
Course Outcomes:
CO1 To learn and implement basic digital signal processing techniques like convolution,
correlation and Fourier transform.
CO2 To learn and understand realization of Discrete Time Systems.
CO3 To design and implement different FIR filters.
CO4 To design and implement different IIR filters.
CO5 To characterize stochastic process.
CO6 To implement basic digital processing algorithms in dedicated DSP platforms.

UNIT-I

Sampling Of Continuous Time Signals: Frequency Domain Representation of Uniform sampling,

Reconstruction of a continuous time signal from its samples; Discrete Time Processing of Continuous time
signals and vice-versa. Decimation & Interpolation; changing the sampling rate by integer and non-integer
factors using discrete time processing.

UNIT-II

The Z Transform: Z-Transform, Region of convergence; Properties of the Z-transform; convolution

theorem; Parseval’s relation; Unilateral Z-transform and its application to difference equations with non-
zero initial condition.
Discrete Fourier Transform: DFT and its properties; Linear Periodic and Circular convolution; Linear
Filtering Methods based on DFI; Filtering of long data sequences; Fast Fourier Transform algorithm using
decimation in time and decimation frequency techniques; Linear filtering approaches to computation of
DFT.

UNIT-III

REVIEW OF DISCRETE TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Overview of signals and systems- DFT-FFT using DIT and DIF algorithms - Realization of
structures for discrete time systems – Direct form I & II, Cascade, Parallel forms – MATLAB
programs for DFT and FFT.

UNIT-IV

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IIR FILTERS

Design of analog filters using Butterworth and Chebyshev approximations – IIR digital filter design
from analog filter using impulse invariance technique and bilinear transformations – Matlab programs
IIR filters.

UNIT-V

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF FIR FILTERS

Linear phase response- design techniques for FIR filters- Fourier series method and
frequency sampling method
–Design of Linear phase FIR filters using windows: Rectangular, Hanning and Hamming
windows-Matlab programs FIR filters-FIR filter design using Decimation and Interpolation.
TEXT BOOKS
& Oppenheim A V & Sehafer R W, ―Discrete Time Signal Processing‖, Prentice Hall (1989).
& Proakis J G & Manolakis D G, ―Digital Signal Processing‖, Pearson Education India.
& Oppenheim A V, Willsky A S & Young I T, ―Signal & Systems‖, Prentice Hall, (1983).
& Ifeachor and Jervis, ―Digital Signal Processing‖, Pearson Education India.
& Mitra Sanjit, ‖ Digital Signal Processing – A Computer Based Approach,‖ TMH, (1998).
& John .G. Proakis and Dimitris C. Manolakis , ―Digital Signal Processing Principles
, Algorithms and Applications , ‖ Pearson Education, Third edition 2006.
& Sanjit Mitra, ―Digital Signal Processing ―– A Computer based approach‖, Tata Mcgraw
Hill, New Delhi, 2001

REFERENCE BOOKS
6. B.Venkataramani, M.Bhaskar, ―Digital Signal Processors, Architecture, Programming
and Application―, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2003.
7. M.H.Hayes, ―Digital Signal Processing‖, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2003.

List of Experiments:
11. Generation, analysis and plots of discrete-time signals.
12. Implementation of operations on sequences (addition, multiplication, scaling, shifting, folding etc).
13. Implementation of Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems and testing them for stability
and causality.
14. Computation and plot of DTFT of sequences, verification of properties of DTFT.
15. Computation and plots of z-transforms, verification of properties of z-transforms.
16. Computation and plot of DFT of sequences, verification of properties of DFT.
17. Computation and plots of linear/circular convolution of two sequences.
18. Computation of radix-2 FFT- Decimation in time and Decimation in frequency.
19. Implementation of IIR and FIR filter structures (direct, cascade, parallel etc).
20. Implementation of various window design techniques (Rectangular, Bartlett, Hann, Hamming etc).

Subject code: - EC 6031(C)

Subject Name: - Digital Image Processing
Course Outcomes:
CO1 To learn and implement basic digital image processing techniques and understand
its fundamentals.
CO2 To learn and understand realization of 2D Discrete Fourier Transforms.
CO3 To learn and understand Image Enhancement Spatial domain methods.
CO4 To understand Image Restoration Image degradation/restoration methods.
CO5 To Learn Image Compression Fundamentals of data compression.
CO6 To get knowledge of Digital image watermarking and its parameters.

UNIT-I
Digital Image Processing (DIP) Introduction, examples of fields that use DIP, fundamental steps in DIP,
components of an image processing system. Digital Image Fundamentals: elements of visual perception,
image sensing and acquisition, image sampling and quantization, basic relationships between pixels.

UNIT-II
Image Transforms Two-dimensional (2D) impulse and its shifting properties, 2D continuous Fourier
Transform pair, 2D sampling and sampling theorem, 2D Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), properties of 2D
DFT. Other transforms and their properties: Cosine transform, Sine transform, Walsh transform, Hadamard
transform, Haar transform, Slant transform, KL transform.
UNIT-III
Image Enhancement Spatial domain methods: basic intensity transformation functions, fundamentals of
spatial filtering, smoothing spatial filters (linear and non-linear), sharpening spatial filters (unsharp masking
and high boost filters), combined spatial enhancement method. Frequency domain methods: basics of
filtering in frequency domain, image smoothing filters (Butterworth and Gaussian low pass filters), image
sharpening filters (Butterworth and Gaussian high pass filters), selective filtering.
UNIT-IV

Image Restoration Image degradation/restoration, noise models, restoration by spatial filtering, noise
reduction by frequency domain filtering, linear position invariant degradations, estimation of degradation
function, inverse filtering, Wiener filtering, image reconstruction from projection.

UNIT-V

Image Compression Fundamentals of data compression: basic compression methods: Huffman coding,
Golomb coding, LZW coding, Run-Length coding, Symbol based coding. Digital image watermarking,
representation and description- minimum perimeter polygons algorithm (MPP).

Reference Books:-
5. Gonzalez and Woods: Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education.
6. Anil Jain: Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, PHI Learning.
7. Annadurai: Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education.
8. Sonka, Hlavac and Boyle: Digital Image Processing and Computer Vision, Cengage Learning.
9. Chanda and Majumder: Digital Image Processing and Analysis, PHI Learning.
10. Jayaraman, Esakkirajan and Veerakumar: Digital Image Processing, TMH.
11. William K. Pratt, Digital Image Processing, Wiley India.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – VI
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Total

Hours per Credits
Week
EC Software Lab- IV EC - 6051 0L-0T-2P 2

Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Learn VHDL, identifiers, data objects, data types, operators, behavioral modeling,
data flow modeling, structural modeling.
CO2 Get overview of digital design with Verilog, Hierarchical Modeling: basic concepts,
models and ports, gate level modeling, data flow modeling and behavioral modeling
CO3 Learn about Design and simulation of following Logic Gates Verilog/ VHDL . Logic gates:
NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR.
CO4 Get knowledge of Half adder, full adder, subtractor, latches, multiplexers- 2:1, 4:1, 8:1,
comparators, decoders- 2:4, 3:8, 4:16.
CO5 Learn the concept of 4-bit ripple carry full adder,4-bit Ripple carry counter, parity
generator, up/down counters.
VHDL
Hardware abstraction, Basic language elements: identifiers, data objects, data types, operators,
behavioral modeling, data flow modeling, structural modeling, simulation and analysis.

VERILOG
Overview of digital design with Verilog, Hierarchical Modeling: basic concepts, models and ports, gate
level modeling, data flow modeling, behavioral modeling, logic synthesis with Verilog HDL,
simulation.
Experiments:
Design and simulation of following using Verilog/
VHDL . Logic gates: NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR.
Half adder, full adder, subtractor, latches, multiplexers- 2:1, 4:1, 8:1, comparators, decoders-2:4,
3:8, 4:16. 4-bit ripple carry full adder,4-bit Ripple carry counter, parity generator, up/down counters.

References:
1. Samir palnitkar: Verilog HDL- A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis,
Pearson Education.
2. Bhasker: A Verilog HDL Primer –synthesis, Pearson Education
3. Pedroni: Circuit Design with VHDL, PHI Learning.
4. Perry: VHDL- Programming by example, TMH.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
THIRD YEAR-Semester – VI
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Total

Hours per Credits
Week
EC DSP and Embedded EC - 6061 0L-0T-2P 2
System Lab

Course Outcomes:
Students will
CO1 Learn designing of different Filters.
Co2 Get overview of various Transforms of Digital Signal Processing.
CO3 Learn about Design and simulation of 8051 microcontroller.
CO4 Get knowledge of 8051 Timers and Counters.
CO5 Learn the concept of LCD and its parameters.
Experiments:-
2 Designing of FIR filter using Matlab Programming.
3 Designing of IIR filter using Matlab Programming.
4 Study of FFT Transforms .
5 Study of Z Transforms
6 Programming using arithmetic, logical and bit manipulation instructions of 8051.
7 Program and verify Timer/Counter in 8051.
8 Communication between 8051 kit and PC.
9 To study development tools/environment for ATMEL/PIC microcontroller program and
Architecture.
10 Write an ALP to generate square of 10Khz using Timer 0.
11 Write an ALP to display a string on LCD.
12 Write an ALP to interface seven segment with 8051 and display 0-9 on it.
13 Write an ALP to interface DC Motor with 8051
14 Write an ALP to transmit the data using P1 of 8051
15 Write an ALP to interface 4x4 keyboard with 8051.
16 Write an ALP to interface temperature sensor using 8051
17 Write an ALP to interface the lcd 16x2 to P16f877A
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Fourth YEAR-Semester – VII
Course Content & Grade
Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits
Per Week
EC VLSI Design EC - 7011 3L-1T-2P 6

Course Outcomes for B.E. (ECE)

B.E. VII Semester (Electronics and Communication Engineering)

Subject code:- EC 7011

Subject Name: - VLSI Design
Course Outcomes

Students will

1. To understand the fabrication process of CMOS technology.

2. To teach fundamentals of VLSI circuit design and implementation using circuit
3. simulators andlayout editors. To study various problems due to VLSI technology advancement.
4. To study digital circuits using various logic methods and their limitations.
5. To highlight the circuit design issues in the context of VLSI technology.
6. Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to: Demonstrate a clear
understanding of CMOS fabrication flow and technology scaling.• Design MOSFET based logic
circuit• Draw layout of a given logic circuit• Demonstrate an understanding of working principle
of operation of different types of• memories Demonstrate an understanding of working principles
of clocking, power reduction and• Distribution
 UNIT I
Practical Consideration and Technology in VLSI Design Introduction, Size and complexity of Integrated
Circuits, The Microelectronics Field, IC Production Process, Processing Steps, Packaging and Testing, MOS
Processes, NMOS Process, CMOS Process, Bipolar Technology, Hybrid Technology, Design Rules and
Process Parameters.

UNIT II
Device Modeling Dc Models, Small Signal Models, MOS Models, MOSFET Models in High
Frequency and small signal,Short channel devices, Sub threshold Operations, Modeling Noise
Sources in MOSFET’s, Diode Models,Bipolar Models, Passive component Models.
UNIT III
Circuit Simulation Introduction, Circuit Simulation Using Spice, MOSFET Model, Level 1 Large signal
model, Level 2Large Signal Model, High Frequency Model, Noise Model of MOSFET, Large signal
Diode Current,High Frequency BJT Model, BJT Noise Model, temperature Dependence of BJT.
UNIT IV
Structured Digital Circuits and Systems Random Logic and Structured Logic Forms, Register
Storage Circuits, Quasi Static Register Cells, AStatic Register Cell, Micro coded Controllers,
Microprocessor Design, Systolic Arrays, Bit-SerialProcessing Elements, Algotronix.
UNIT V
CMOS Processing Technology Basic CMOS Technology, A Basic n-well CMOS Process, Twin Tub
Processes, CMOS ProcessEnhancement, Interconnects and Circuit Elements, Layout Design Rules, Latch up,
Physical Origin, Latchup Triggering, Latch up Prevention, Internal Latch up Prevention Techniques.
References:
13. Geiger, Allen andStrader: VLSI Design Techniques for Analog and Digital Circuits, TMH. 2. Sorab
Gandhi: VLSI Fabrication Principles, Wiley India. 3. Weste and Eshraghian:Principles of CMOS
VLSI design, Addison-Wesley 4. Weste, Harris and Banerjee: CMOS VLSI Design, Pearson-
Education. 5. Pucknell and Eshraghian: Basic VLSI Design, PHI Learning. 6. Botkar: Integrated
Circuits, Khanna Publishers. 7. Sze:VLSI Technology, TMH.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR
Semester – VII
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week

EC Departmental Elective III EC – 7021 3L-1T-0P 4

Microwave Engineering
EC – 7021(A)

Information Theory &

Coding
EC – 7021(B)

Nano Electronics
EC – 7021(C)

Subject code:- EC 7021(A)

Subject Name: - Microwave Engineering

Course Outcomes:

Students should be able to :

CO1 Identify of various types of Microwave electronic components and systems.
CO2 Understand different modes of operation of various RF and Microwave circuits.
CO3 Design and analyze of high frequency circuits and systems.
CO4 Solving complex RF & Microwave communication network design problems
SYLLABUS
UNIT 1.
Features and applications of microwaves, Wave propagation in striplines and microstrip lines, Slot lines,
Limitations of conventional vacuum tubes, Microwave tubes like Two cavity klystron and Reflex klystron,
Magnetron, TWT, Backward wave oscillator etc.
UNIT 2.
Solid state microwave sources, transferred electron devices, Tunnel diode Gunn diode and
oscillators, IMPATT diode, TRAPATT diode, Pin diode, Varactor diode, Schottky diode, Parametric
amplifiers, Crystal diode, Frequency multipliers, Microwave BJT & FET,
UNIT 3.
Scattering matrix, S-parameters & its applications in Network analysis, Matching Network, Detector
diodes, detector mounts, detector output indicator, slotted line, measurement of power, impedance & S-
parameter, measurement of frequency & VSWR.
Impedance transformer, Microwave filters, Power dividers and directional couplers, E-plane Tee,
H-plane tee, Matched hybrid Tee., Wave propagation in ferrite medium, Isolators, Circulators, YIG
resonators, Simulation Techniques for design of Microwave Components.
Unit 5.
Analysis and design of Dielectric resonators; Design of RF and microwave low noise and power amplifiers
& oscillators using S-parameter techniques, Mixer and converter design, diode phase shifters,
attenuators, Design of hybrid and monolithic, microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits.
Text Books Recommended :
1. Liao S., Microwave Devices & Circuits’’., 2nd ed. 2001,PHI.
2. Gupta K.C., Microwave Engg., 3rd ed. 2004,Wiley Easter Pub.
3. Watson, Solid State Microwave Devices, 5 th ed. 2008,Wiley.
4. David M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 3rd edition, 2011 Willey India. Reference Books

Recommended :
1. Gandhi, Microwave Engineering & Application, 2nd ed. 2005,McMillan Int. Ed.
2. Reich, Microwave Principles, 5th ed. 2009,CBS Publ.
3. Collin, Foundations for microwave engineering, 4th ed. 2001, Wiley Publ.
Subject code:- EC 7021(B)
Subject Name: - Information Theory and Coding

Course Outcomes:
Upon completing this course, the student will be able to:
CO1 Acquire the knowledge in measurement of information and errors.
CO2 Know the application of coding theorem for efficient utilization of communication resources.
CO3 Understand the utilization of various communication channels for communication system.
CO4 Design the block and cyclic codes for error correction and detection in communication systems
CO5 Know the significance of source and channel codes in various applications.
SYLLABUS
UNIT1
Information Theory: Introduction to uncertainty, entropy and its properties, entropy of binary
memoryless source and its extension to discrete memory-less source, Measure of information,
Information content ofmessage, Average Information content of symbols. Self information, Mutual
information and its properties,
UNIT 2
Coding theorem:Source coding theorem, prefix coding, Shannon’s Encoding Algorithm, Shannon Fano
Encoding Algorithm,Huffman coding, Extended Huffman coding,Arithmetic Coding, Lempel-Ziv
Coding, Run Length Encoding.
UNIT 3
Information Channels: Communication Channels, Channel Models, Channel Matrix, Joint probability
Matrix, Discrete memory less channels, Binary symmetric channel and its channel capacity, channel
coding theorem, and its application to Binary Erasure Channel, Shannon’s theorem on channel capacity,
capacity of channel of infinite bandwidth, Continuous Channels.
UNIT 4
Error Control Coding: Introduction, Examples of Error control coding, methods of Controlling Errors,
Types of Errors, types of Codes, Linear Block Codes: matrix description of Linear BlockCodes, Error
Detection and Error Correction Capabilities of Linear Block Codes, Probability of undetected error for
linear block code in BSC, hamming Codes and their applications, Cyclic Codes:Cyclic codes and its basic
properties, Encoding using an (n-k) BitShift register, Generator & parity check matrix of cyclic codes,
encoding & decoding circuits, syndrome computation, error detection and correction,
UNIT 5
Introduction to BCH codes, its encoding & decoding, error location & correction.
Convolution Codes:Introduction
to convolution codes, its construction, Convolution Encoder, Time domain approach,
Transform domainapproach,
Code Tree, Trellis and State Diagram, Viterbi algorithm: Introduction of theorem for maximum
likelihood decoding.
Reference Books:
1. Digital Communication -by Haykins Simon Wiley Publ.
2. Error control Coding: Theory and Application, - by Shu Lin and Cosstlello, PHI
3. Digital Communication - by Sklar, Pearson Education
4. Error Correcting Codes - by Peterson W., MIT Press
5. Digital Communication - by Proakis,TMH
6. Information Theory, Coding and Cryptography – By Ranjan Bose, TMH
7. Communication Systems – By Singh and Sapre, TMH
Subject code:- EC 7021(C)
Subject Name: - Nano Electronics

Course Outcomes:
Upon completing this course, the student will be able to:
CO1 Acquire the knowledge in Semiconductor physics.
CO2 Know the application of Lithography.
CO3 Understand the utilization of various Tunnel Junction and its applications.
CU4 nderstand designing of MOSFETs
CO5 Know the significance of scaling in various applications.

UNIT-I:

Overview of semiconductor physics. Nanoscale band structure and Electron transport, Quantum
confinement in semiconductor nanostructures: quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots, super-
lattices, band offsets, and electronic density of states, heavily doped semiconductors and low dimensional
quantum devices.
UNIT-II:

Introduction to lithography- Contact, proximity printing and Projection Printing, Resolution

Enhancement techniques, overlay-accuracies, Mask-Error enhancement factor (MEEF), Positive and
negative photoresists, Electron Lithography, Projection Printing, Direct writing, Electron resists.

Unit-III:

Tunnel junction and applications of tunneling, Tunneling Through a Potential Barrier, Metal—Insulator,
Metal-Semiconductor, and Metal-Insulator-Metal Junctions, Coulomb Blockade, Coulomb blockade in
nanocapacitor, Tunnel Junctions, Tunnel Junction Excited by a Current Source.

Unit-IV:

Field Emission, Gate—Oxide Tunneling and Hot Electron Effects in nano MOSFETs, Theory of Scanning
Tunneling Microscope, Double Barrier Tunneling and the Resonant Tunneling Diode. Nanoscale MOSFET,
Finfets, charge and energy quantization in Single electron devices.
Unit-V:

Scaling of physical systems – Geometric scaling & Electrical system scaling, Introduction to MEMS and
NEMS, working principles, as micro sensors (acoustic wave sensor, biomedical and biosensor, chemical
sensor, optical sensor, capacitive sensor, pressure sensor and thermal sensor), micro actuation (thermal
actuation, piezoelectric actuation).

Text Book:

1. Nano Terchnology and Nano Electronics – Materials, devices and measurement Techniques by WR
 Fahrner – Springe.
2. Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics, George W. Hanson, 1/e Pearson Education.
3. Nano: The Essentials – Understanding Nano Scinece and Nanotechnology by T. Pradeep;
Tata Mc.Graw Hill.
4. Nanotubes and nanowires by C.N.R. Rao and A. Govindaraj, RSC Publishing
5. Quantum-Based Electronic Devices and Systems by M. Dutta and M.A. Stroscio, World Scientific.

Suggested Reference Books:

1. Stephen D. Sentaria, Microsystem Design, Kluwer Academic Press

2. Marc Madou, Fundamentals of microfabrication & Nanofabrication.
3. T. Fukada&W.Mens, Micro Mechanical system Principle & Technology, Elsevier, 1998.
4. Julian W.Gardnes, Vijay K. Varda, Micro sensors MEMS & Smart Devices, 2001.
5. James R Sheats and Bruce w.Smith, ―Microlithography Science and Technology‖, Marcel Dekker
Inc., New York, 1998.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR
Semester – VII
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week

EC Open Elective III EC – 7031 4L-0T-0P 4

I.O.T
EC – 7031(A)

Operation Research EC – 7031(B)

Human Resource and EC – 7031(C)

Management

Subject code:- EC 7031(A)

Subject Name: - I.O.T.

Course Outcomes :
After completion of the course the students should be able to
CO1 Understand in depth about Internet of things.
CO2 Establish secure communication for his network for his devices connected in IOT.
CO3 Store his data securely on cloud and access it when required
CO4 Design web based application using various internet protocols and services
CO5 Use sensor technology and RFID and wireless networking for maintaining privacy and security
concern in smart city and housing environmental considerations.
CO6 The course provides basic knowledge of how to connect various devices through Internet and control
them remotely. It will provide methods for different types of networking and data storage.The course aims
at providing communication overview and protocols for safe and secure data access and transfer and
maintain confidentiality and integrity.
UNIT 1:
Introduction: Definition, Characteristics of IOT, IOT Conceptual framework, IOT Architectural
view, Physical design of IOT, Logical design of IOT, Application of IOT.
UNIT 2:
Machine-to-machine (M2M), SDN (software defined networking) and NFV(network function
virtualization) for IOT, data storage in IOT, IOT Cloud Based Services.
UNIT 3:
Design Principles for Web Connectivity: Web Communication Protocols for connected devices,
Message Communication Protocols for connected devices, MQTT, CoAP, SOAP, REST, HTTP Restful
and Web Sockets. Internet Connectivity Principles: Internet Connectivity, Internet based
communication, IP addressing in IOT, Media Access control.
UNIT 4:
Sensor Technology , Participatory Sensing, Industrial IOT and Automotive IOT , Actuator, Sensor
data Communication Protocols ,Radio Frequency Identification Technology, Wireless Sensor Network
Technology.
UNIT 5:
IOT Design methodology: Specification -Requirement, process, model, service, functional & operational
view.IOT Privacy and security solutions, Raspberry Pi &arduino devices.IOT Case studies: smart
city streetlights control & monitoring.
Reference Book:
1. Rajkamal,‖Internet of Things‖, Tata McGraw Hill publication
2. Vijay Madisetti and ArshdeepBahga, ―Internet of things(A-Hand-onApproach)‖ 1st Edition

3 Charless Bell ―MySQL for the Internet of things‖,Apresspublicatons.

4. Francis dacosta ―Rethinking the Internet otthings:A scalable Approach to connecting everything‖,
1st edition, Apresspublications .
5. HakimaChaouchi ―The Internet of Things: Connecting Objects‖, Wiley publication.
6. . Donald Norris―The Internet of Things: Do-It-Yourself at Home Projects for Arduino,Raspberry Pi and
BeagleBone Black‖, McGraw Hill publication.
Subject code:- EC 7031(B)
Subject Name: - Operation Research

Course Outcomes:

Students will

CO1 Understand basics of Resource Scheduling and Network Analysis.

CO2 Learn the concept of Replacement and Game Theory.
CO3 Get knowledge of Inventory Control.
CO4 Get a comprehensive knowledge of Linear Programming.
CO5 Learn Advanced Linear Programming Problems.

UNIT-I

RESOURCE SCHEDULING AND NETWORK ANALYSIS Problem of sequencing – Sequencing n jobs

through 2 machines and 3 machines, 2 jobs through m machines. PERT and CPM –Critical path
calculation – Probability and cost consideration.
UNIT-II
REPLACEMENT AND GAME THEORY Replacement Models – Replacement of items that deteriorate
with time – Equipment that fails suddenly. Two person zero sum games – Pure strategies and saddle point
– Mixed strategies – 2 x n and m x 2 games – Method of dominance – Numerical and graphical solutions.
UNIT-III
INVENTORY CONTROL Inventory models – Deterministic models – Economic ordering quantity,
Reorder level, optimum cost – Instantaneous and Non-instantaneous receipt of goods with or
without shortages.
UNIT-IV
LINEAR PROGRAMMING Introduction to Linear Programming – Formulation of the problem –
Graphical method – Simplex method – Artificial variable techniques - Primal-dual problems – Dual
Simplex method.
UNIT-V
ADVANCED LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS Integer programming problem - Cutting plane
algorithm – Transportation models - Vogel’s Approximation method – MODI method – Unbalanced
transportation problem – Degeneracy in transportation models – Assignment models – Traveling
salesman problem-Dynamic Programming problem.
TEXT BOOK
1. Kanti Swarup, Gupta P.K., and Man Mohan, ―Operations Research‖ Sultan Chand & Sons, 1994.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Gupta P.K., and Hira D.S., ―Operations Research‖, S.Chand & Sons, 2000.
2. Sundaresan.V, Ganapathy Subramanian.K.S. and Ganesan.K, ―Resource Management Techniques‖,
A.R. Publications,2002
3. Taha H.A., ―Operations Research – An introduction‖, 7th edition, PHI, 2002.
4. Sharma S.D., ―Operations Research‖, Kedarnath Ramnath & Co., Meerut,1994.
5. Billy B. Gillet, ―Introduction to Operations Research ―– TMH Publishing Co.
6. Gupta P.K., and Manmohan, ―Operations Research and Quantitative Analysis‖ – S.Chand & Co.,
New Delhi.
Hamblin S., and Stevens Jr., ―Operations Research‖, Mc Graw Hill Co. 8. Taha H.A., ―Operations
Research – An introduction‖, 8th edition, Taha H.A., ―Operations Research – An introduction‖,
7th edition, PHI, 2002.
Subject code:- EC 7031(C)
Subject Name: - Human Resource and Management

Course Outcomes

Students will learn the

CO1 Importance of Human Resource and Management and its Functions.
CO2 Understand the need and basics of Job Procurement and Manpower Planning.
CO Understand the Utility of Training and Development and get knowledge of factors
affecting compensation Policy.
5.
Get Knowledge of Industrial Relations.
6. Understand the concept of Employee Safety and Retirement Policy.
7. Learn the concepts of International HRM and its business.
UNIT-I
Introduction Nature of Human Resource Management (HRM), Importance of Human Resource
Management, Functions of Human Resource Management, The changing environment of HRM and
Role of HRM in changing business scenario.
UNIT-II
Procurement Job, Job Analysis, Job Description and Job Specifications, Manpower planning, demand and
supply forecasting, recruitment, methods of recruitment, Employees testing and selection, types of
psychological tests and interviews, placement and induction.
UNIT-III
Development Operative Training and Management Development, methods of training and development,
Performance Appraisal: Traditional and Modern methods, Career development: career anchors, career
development programme and the modern career problems. Compensation Factors affecting
compensation policy, Job evaluation, methods of job evaluation, Variable compensation: Individual &
Group, Supplementary compensation-Fringe benefits and Current trends in compensation
UNIT-IV
Integration Human relations, industrial relations, importance of Industrial relations, Causes and effects of
Industrial disputes, Machinery for settlement of industrial disputes in India, Role of trade unions in
maintaining relations, Collective Bargaining: concept, features, process and advantages. Maintenance
and separation Employee safety, health and welfare, Provisions under Factory Act, 1948, Turnover,
Retirement and Layoff
UNIT-V
International HRM The growth of International business, HR and the international business
challenge, effect of inter country difference on HRM, International staffing, International
compensation and appraisal, International labour relations and Information Technology and HR
Text Books
4. Flippo Edwin B, ―Personnel Management‖ , 6th Ed., McGraw Hills (2000) 2. Memoria C B, ‖Personnel
Management (Management of HRM)‖, Himalaya Publication New Delhi (1999) 3. Dresler Garry, ―Human
Resource Management‖ 8th Ed. Pearson Education, New Delhi (2002) 4. Becanzo David A and Robbins
S P,
―Personnel/Human Resource Management‖, 3rd Ed. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi (2000) 5.
Milkovich George T and Bourdean John W, ―Personnel Human Resource Management – Diagnostic
Approach‖, AITBS, Delhi (2000)
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR-Semester – VII
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week

EC Departmental Elective EC – 7041 0L-0T-2P 2

Lab

Subject code:- EC 7041

Subject Name: - Microwave Lab
Course Outcomes:

CO1 Study of Microwave electronic components and systems.

CO2 Understand different modes of operation of various RF and Microwave circuits.
CO Get Knowledge of reactive loads.
CO4 Design and analyze of high frequency circuits and systems.
CO5 Get understanding of Solving complex RF & Microwave communication network design problems.

List of Experiments:
1 To study wave guide components.
2. To study the characteristics of Gunn oscillator &Gun diode as modulated source.
3 Study of wave guide horn and its radiation pattern and determination of the Beam width.
4 To study isolation and coupling coefficient of a magic Tee.
5 To measure attenuation and insertion loss of a fixed and variable attenuator.
6 To measure the standing wave ratio and reflection coefficient in a Microwave Transmission line.
7 To measure the frequency of a microwave source and demonstrate relationship among
guide dimensions ,free space wavelength and guide wavelength.

8 To measure the impedance of unknown load.

9 To Study working of Doppler Radar , and measure the of the velocity of the object moving in the Radar range.

10 Measurement of the resonance characteristics of a microstrip ring resonator.

11 To study Magnetrons.

12 To study the Characteristics of Reflex Klystron tube & to determine its electronic tuning range.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR-Semester – VII
Course Content & Grade

Contact Hours per Total

Branch Subject Title Subject Title
Week Credits

Open Elective Lab EC-7051 0L-0T-2 2

Subject code:- EC 7051

Subject Name: - IOT Lab
Course Outcomes:

4. Understand LAB INDEX Design

5. Developed and implement following using Arduino
6. Learn about Raspberry Pi compiler
7. Get knowledge of Python language in Linux/Windows environment.
8. Study applications of IOT
List of Experiments
6. Study and Install IDE of Arduino and different types of Arduino.
7. Write program using Arduino IDE for Blink LED.
← Write Program for RGB LED using Arduino.
← Study the Temperature sensor and Write Program foe monitor temperature using
Arduino. 2 Study and Implement RFID, NFC using Arduino.
1. Study and Configure Raspberry Pi.
2. WAP for LED blink using Raspberry Pi.
16. Study and Implement Zigbee Protocol using Arduino / Raspberry
Pi. 6. . Study and implement MQTT protocol using Arduino.
5. Study and implement CoAP protocol using Arduino.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR- Semester – VIII
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject CodeContact Hours Total Credits

per Week

EC TV and Radar EC – 3L-1T-2P 6

8011

Subject code:- EC 8011

Subject Name: - TV and Radar
Course Outcomes

The purpose of this course is to understand the concept of TV and Radar systems. Students will learn to
CO1 Fundamental principles of TV Transmitter and Receiver.
CO2 Understand the need and basics of Three colour Theory.
CO3 Become familiar with types of colour Television Systems.
CO4 Understand the Utility of Radar Systems and learn Radar Equations and their applications.
CO5 Understand the concept of MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar.
CO6 Learn the Utility of Radar Transmitter and Receiver.
UNIT-I
MONOCHROME TELEVISION TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER TV transmitter – TV signal
propagation – Interference – TV transmission Antennas – Monochrome TV receiver – RF tuner – UHF, VHF
tuner- Digital tuning techniques- AFT-IF subsystems - AGC – Noise cancellationVideo and sound inter
carrier detection- vision IF subsystem- video amplifiers requirements and configurations - DC re-insertion -
Video amplifier circuits - Sync separation – typical sync processing circuits- Deflection current waveform –
Deflection Oscillators – Frame deflection circuits – requirements- Line Deflection circuits – EHT generation
– Receiver Antennas.
UNIT-II
ESSENTIALS OF COLOUR TELEVISION Compatibility – colour perception- Three colour theory-
luminance, hue and saturation-colour television cameras- values of luminance and colour difference signals-
colour television display tubes- delta – gun62 precision – in-line and Trinitron colour picture tubes- purity
and convergence- purity and static and dynamic convergence adjustments- pincushion correction techniques-
automatic degaussing circuit- grey scale tracking – colour signal transmission- bandwidth-modulation of
colour difference signals – weighting factors- Formation of chrominance signal.
 UNIT-III

COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS: NTSC colour TV system- NTSC colour receiver- limitations of NTSC
system – PAL colour TV system – cancellation of phase errors- PAL –D colour system- PAL coder
– Pal- Decolour receiver- chromo signal amplifier- separation of U and V signals- colour burst separation –
Burst phase Discriminator – ACC amplifierReference Oscillator- Ident and colour killer circuits- U and V
demodulators- Colour signal matrixing – merits and demerits of the PAL system – SECAM system – merits
and demerits of SECAM system.
UNIT-IV
RADAR EQUATIONS RADAR Block Diagram & operation- RADAR Frequencies- RADAR Equation-
Detection of signals in Noise RADAR cross section of targets- RADAR cross section fluctuations -
transmitter power- pulse repetition frequency- system losses and propagation effects. MTI AND PULSE
DOPPLER RADAR Introduction to Doppler & MTI RADAR- Delay Line canceller- Moving Target
Detector- Pulse Doppler RADAR- Non-Coherent MTE- CW RADAR- FMCW RADAR- Tracking RADAR-
Monopulse Tracking – Conical Scan and Sequential Lobing.
UNIT-V
RADAR TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER Linear beam power tubes - Solid state RF power sources- solid
state devices used in RADAR Magnetroncrossed field amplifiers- other aspects of radar transmitter-RADAR
Receiver- Receiver noise figuresuper heterodyne receiver- dynamic range- RADAR Displays.
TEXT BOOKS
← R.R.Gulati, ― Monochrome Television Practice, Principles, Technology and servicing ‖, Second
edition, New age International Publishes, 2004 2. R.R.Gulati ―Monochrome and colour television ‖, New age
International Publisher, 2003 3. M.I. Skolnik, ―Introduction to RADAR systems‖, 3rd edition, McGraw Hill.
27. N.S. Nagaraja ―Elements of Electronic Navigation‖, Tata McGraw Hill, 1993. REFERENCES 1. A.M
Dhake, ―Television and Video Engineering‖, Second edition, TMH, 2003. 2. S.P.Bali, ―Colour Television,
Theory and Practice‖, TMH, 1994 3. Nadav Levanon, ―RADAR Principles‖, John Wiley and Sons, 1989.
8. Brookner, ― RADAR Technology‖, Artech Hons, 1986
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR-Semester – VIII
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week

EC Departmental Elective IV EC – 8021 3L-1T-0P 4

Satellite Communication
EC – 8021(A)

AI and Signal Processing EC – 8021(B)

Wireless Network EC – 8021(C)

Subject code: - EC 8021(A)

Subject Name: - Satellite Communication

Course Outcomes:

Students will learn the

CO1-Importance of Satellite Systems and its Functions.
CO2 Understand the need and basics of Geostationary Orbits.
CO3 Understand the Utility of the Space Segments.
CO4 Get Knowledge of Space Links.
CO5 Understand the concept of Satellite Services
UNIT-I
Overview of satellite systems: Introduction, Frequency allocations for satellite systems. Orbits and
launching methods: Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion, terms used for earth orbiting satellites,
orbital elements, apogee and perigee heights, orbit perturbations, inclined orbits, local mean solar point
and sun-synchronous orbits, standard time.
UNIT-II
The Geostationary orbit: Introduction, antenna look angles, polar mount antenna, limits of visibility, near
geostationary orbits, earth eclipse of satellite, sun transit outage, launching orbits. Polarization: antenna
polarization, polarization of satellite signals, cross polarization discrimination. Depolarization: ionospheric,
rain, ice.
UNIT-III
The Space segment: introduction, power supply, attitude control, station keeping, thermal control, TT&C
subsystem, transponders, antenna subsystem, Morelos and Satmex 5, Aniksatellites, Advanced Tiros-N
spacecraft. The Earth segment: introduction, receive- only home TV systems, master antenna TV system,
Community antenna TV system, transmit-receive earth station.
UNIT-IV
The space link: Introduction, Equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIPR), transmission losses, the link
power budget equation, system noise, carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N), the uplink, the downlink, effects of rain,
combined uplink and downlink C/N ratio, inter modulation noise, intersatellite links. Interference between
satellite circuits.
UNIT-V
Satellite services VSAT (very small aperture terminal) systems: overview, network architecture, access
control protocols, basic techniques, VSAT earth station, calculation of link margins for a VSAT star
network. Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) Television and radio: digital DBS TV, BDS TV system design and
link budget, error control in digital DBS-TV, installation of DBS-TV antennas, satellite radio broadcasting.

References:
1. Roddy: Satellite Communications, TMH.
2. Timothy Prattt: Satellite Communications, Wiley India.
3. Pritchard, Suyderhoud and Nelson: Satellite Communication Systems Engineering, Pearson Education. 4.
Agarwal: Satellite Communications, Khanna Publishers.
5. Gangliardi: Satellite Communications, CBS Publishers.
6. Chartrand: Satellite Communication, Cengage Learning.
7. Raja Rao: Fundamentals of Satellite communications, PHI Learning

Subject code: - EC 8021(B)

Subject Name: - AI and Signal Processing

Course Outcomes:

CO1 Ability to develop a basic understanding of AI building blocks presented in intelligent agents.
CO2 Ability to choose an appropriate problem-solving method and knowledge representation technique.
CO3 Ability to analyze the strength and weaknesses of AI approaches to knowledge-intensive
problem-solving.
CO4 Understand real time applications of Fourier transform.
CO6 Describe discrete time systems in terms of difference equations.
CO7 To impart knowledge about Artificial Intelligence and to give understanding of the main
abstractions and reasoning for intelligent systems and signal processing

UNIT-I

Introduction of AI What is AI? Foundations of AI, History of AI, Agents and environments, The nature of
the Environment, Problem solving Agents, Problem Formulation, Search Strategies
UNIT-II

Knowledge and Reasoning Knowledge-based Agents, Representation, Reasoning and Logic, Prepositional
logic, Firstorder logic, Using First-order logic, Inference in First-order logic, forward and Backward
Chaining
UNIT-III

Learning Learning from observations, Forms of Learning, Inductive Learning, Learning decision trees, why
learning works, Learning in Neural and Belief networks.
Unit IV

Orthogonal transforms DFT, DCT and Haar; Properties of DFT; Computation of DFT: FFT and structures,
Decimation in time, Decimation in frequency; Linear convolution using DFT; Digital filter structures: Basic
FIR/IIR filter structures, FIR/IIR Cascaded lattice structures, Parallel allpass realization of IIR transfer
functions.
Unit V

Multirate signal processing Basic structures for sampling rate conversion, Decimators and Interpolators;
Multistage design of interpolators and decimators; Polyphase decomposition and FIR structures;
Computationally efficient sampling rate converters, Lagrange interpolation, Spline interpolation; Quadrature
mirror filter banks; Applications in subband coding.

References:
1. Stuart Russell, Peter Norvig: ―Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach‖,2nd Edition, Pearson

Education, 2007
2. Artificial Neural Networks B. Yagna Narayana, PHI
3. Artificial Intelligence , 2nd Edition, E.Rich and K.Knight (TMH).
4. Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems – Patterson PHI.
5. S K Mitra: ―Digital Signal Processing: A Computer-Based Approach‖ (McGraw Hill)
6. E C I feacthor and B W Jervis ―Digital Signal Processing A Practical Approach‖ (Pearson)
7.R. Chassaing and D. Reay, Digital signal processing and applications with TMS320C6713 and
TMS320C6416, Wiley, 2008. 8.J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing:

Subject code: - EC 8021(C)

Subject Name: - Wireless Network

COURSE OUTCOMES:-
CO1 Review the concepts of wireless and mobile communication
CO2 Understand LTE and OFDM technologies for mobile telephony
CO3 Understand the basic concepts of wireless sensor network
CO4 Understand mobile networking and compare transport layer protocols for mobile
and traditional networks
CO3 Understand the technology and standards of IoT, ZigBee
UNIT 1
Review of Cellular Networks Mobile telephony, GSM, CDMA/CD, Universal Mobile Telecommunication
System (UMTS). Advancement and migrations. WLAN- PHY Layer and MAC Layer-IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g,
ac), HIPERLAN, Wireless ATM, WiMAX- PHY Layer and MAC LayerIEEE 802.16 (fixed and mobile).
UNIT 2
LTE systems Introduction to 3GPP, LTE & LTE-A standards, LTE uplink/downlink, E-UTRAN
architecture-Mobility and resource management, services, UTRAN- Architecture , HSDPA, HSUPA,
OFDM, OFDMA, SISO system, MIMO system, OFDM-MIMO.
UNIT 3
Wireless Sensor Networks Introduction to wireless sensor network (WSN), WSN-Architecture, Coverage
and placement, Topology management in WSN, Applications, Mobile WSN, Technologies for sensor nodes
21. networks, operating environment, Under water WSN, Security of WSN, MAC, Routing
and Transport protocols for WSN
UNIT 4
Wireless routing Protocols Medium access problems in wireless networks, Traditional routing, Mobile
network layer Mobile IP, Introduction to IPv4 and IPv6, Data forwarding procedure in Mobile IP (IPv4 and
IPv6), Mobility management, Protocol trade-offs, Congestion window management, Mobile transport layer-
Traditional TCP, mobile TCP, Indirect TCP, Reno, New-Reno, Tahoe, Vegas. UDP.
UNIT 5
Internet of things (IoT) and GPS systems IoT architecture, Main design principles and needed capabilities,
IoT Devices and gateways, Case studies: Sensor body area network, Control of a smart home, Smart
vehicles, Smart manufacturing and smart factory. Emerging IoT standards, IoT-protocols, IoT Local and
wide area networking, IEEE 802.15 WPAN, Bluetooth-pico net, scatter net, Protocol stack, Interface
between 802.11 and Bluetooth. Geolocation service techniques and standards. Introduction to GPS-aided
GEO augmented navigation (GAGAN), E.911, ZigBee, UWB and RFID.

Text Books:
1. Kaveh Pahlavan, Prashant Krishnamoorthy – Principle of wireless networks- A unitedapproach- Pearson
Education,2002
2. Vijay K. Garg – Wireless communication and networking – Morgan-Kaufmann series in networking-
Elsevierpublication

3 Feng Zhao and Leonidas Guibas – Wireless Sensor Networks, An informationprocessing approach -
Morgan Kaufmannpublication
Reference Books:
1.Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli and TaiebZnati- Wireless Sensor Networks: Technology, Protocols zand
Applications -Wileypublication
2.Jan Holler, VlasiosTsiatsis, Catherine Mulligan, Stefan Avesand, Stamatis Karnouskos,David
Boyle, ―From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things: Introduction to a New Age of
Intelligence‖, 1st Edition, Academic Press,2014.
3. Ramji Prasad ―OFDM for wirelesscommunication‖
4. Steve Rackley ―Wireless NetworkingTechnology

R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR-Semester – VIII
 Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week

EC Open Elective III EC – 8031 4L-0T-0P 4

Cellular Mobile
EC – 8031(A)
Communication

5G Technology EC – 8031(B)

Speech Processing EC – 8031(C)

Subject code:- EC 8031(A)

Subject Name: - Cellular Mobile Communication

Course Outcomes
CO1 Understand various communication standards and multiple accesses
CO2 Cellular concepts and basics and design
CO3 Frequency allocation, Reuse, and antennae for mobile communication
CO4 Various interferences and reduction techniques
CO5 Various cellular generation, standards and trends
UNIT-I
Introduction to cellular mobile system A basic cellular system, performance criteria, uniqueness of mobile
radio environment, operation of cellular systems, planning of cellular system Elements of cellular radio
system design General description of problem, concept of frequency reuse channels, co-channel interference
reduction factor, desired C/I in an omni-directional antenna system, hand off mechanism, cell splitting,
components of cellular systems.
UNIT-II
Cell coverage for signal and traffic General introduction, mobile point-to-point model, propagation over
water or flat open area, foliage loss, propagation in near- in distance, long distance propagation, path loss
from pointto-point prediction model, cell site antenna heights and signal coverage cells, mobile-tomobile
propagation. Cell site antennas and mobile antennas Equivalent circuits of antennas, gain and pattern
relationship, sum and difference patterns, antennas at cell site, unique situations of cell site antennas, mobile
antennas.

UNIT-III
 Cochannel interference reduction Cochannel interference, real time cochannel interference measurement at
mobile radio transceivers, design of antenna systems - omni directional and directional, lowering the antenna
height, reduction of cochannel interference, umbrella- pattern effect, diversity receiver, designing a system to
serve a predefined area that experiences cochannel interference. Types of Noncochannel interference
Adjacent channel interference, near-end-far-end interference, effect on near-end mobile units, cross-talk,
effects of coverage and interference by applying power decrease, antenna height decrease, beam tilting,
effects of cell site components, interference between systems, UHF TV interference, long distance
interference.
UNIT-V
Frequency management and Channel Assignment Frequency management, frequency spectrum utilization,
setup channels, channel assignment, fixed channel assignment, non-fixed channel assignment algorithms,
additional spectrum, traffic and channel assignment, perception of call blocking from the subscribers
Handoffs and dropped calls Value of implementing handoffs, initiation of handoff, delaying a handoff,
forced handoff, queuing of handoff, power- difference handoff, mobile assisted handoff and soft handoff,
cell-site handoff and intersystem handoff, dropped call rate formula.
Unit-V
Digital Cellular Systems GSM- architecture, layer modeling, transmission, GSM channels and channel
modes, multiple access scheme.CDMA- terms of CDMA systems, output power limits and control,
modulation characteristics, call processing, hand off procedures.Miscellaneous mobile systems- TDD
systems, cordless phone, PDC, PCN, PCS, non cellular systems.
References:
6. Lee: Cellular and Mobile Telecommunication- Analog & digital systems, TMH.
2.Rappaport: Wireless Communications- principles and practice, Pears
6. Lee: Mobile communications design fundamentals, Wiley India.
7. Faher Kamilo: Wireless Digital Communication, PHI Learning.
8. Raj Kamal: Mobile Computing, Oxford University Press.

Subject code:- EC 8031(B)

Subject Name: - 5G Technology

Course Outcomes
CO1 Describe 5G Technology advances and their benefits
CO2 Distinguish the key RF, PHY, MAC and air interface changes required to support 5G
CO3 Demonstrate Device to device communication and millimeter wave communication
CO4 Implementation options for 5G
CO5 Modeling of MIMO system
UNIT I
Overview of 5G Broadband Wireless Communications: Evaluation of mobile technologies 1G to 4G
(LTE, LTEA, LTEA Pro) , An Overview of 5G requirements, Regulations for 5G,Spectrum Analysis
and Sharing for 5G.
UNIT II
The 5G wireless Propagation Channels: Channel modeling requirements, propagation scenarios
and challenges in the 5G modeling, Channel Models for mmWave MIMO Systems.
UNIT III
Transmission and Design Techniques for 5G: Basic requirements of transmission over 5G,
Modulation Techniques
– Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), generalized frequency division multiplexing
(GFDM), filter bank multi-carriers (FBMC) and universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC), Multiple
Accesses Techniques – orthogonal frequency division multiple accesses (OFDMA), generalized frequency
division multiple accesses (GFDMA), non-orthogonal multiple accesses (NOMA).
Unit IV
Device-to-device (D2D) and machine-to-machine (M2M) type communications – Extension of 4G D2D
standardization to 5G, radio resource management for mobile broadband D2D, multi-hop and multi-
operator D2D communications.
Unit V
Millimeter-wave Communications – spectrum regulations, deployment scenarios, beam-forming,
physical layer techniques, interference and mobility management, Massive MIMO propagation channel
models, Channel Estimation in Massive MIMO, Massive MIMO with Imperfect CSI, Multi-Cell Massive
MIMO, Pilot Contamination, Spatial Modulation (SM).
Textbooks:
3 Martin Sauter ―From GSM From GSM to LTE–Advanced Pro and 5G: An Introduction to
Mobile Networks and
Mobile Broadband‖, Wiley-Blackwell. 2. Afif Osseiran, Jose.F.Monserrat, Patrick Marsch, ―Fundamentals
of 5G Mobile Networks‖ , Cambridge University Press. 3. Athanasios G.Kanatos, Konstantina S.Nikita,
Panagiotis Mathiopoulos, ―New Directions in Wireless Communication Systems from Mobile to 5G‖,
CRC Press. 4. Theodore S.Rappaport, Robert W.Heath, Robert C.Danials, James N.Murdock ―Millimeter
Wave Wireless Communications‖,
Prentice Hall Communications.
References
17. Jonathan Rodriguez, ―Fundamentals of 5G Mobile Networks‖, John Wiley & Sons. 2. Amitabha
Ghosh and Rapeepat Ratasuk ―Essentials of LTE and LTE-A‖, Cambridge University Press.
Subject code:- EC 8031(C)

Subject Name: - Speech Processing

Course Outcomes:
CO1 Model speech production system and describe the fundamentals of speech.
CO2 Extract and compare different speech parameters.
CO3 hoose an appropriate statistical speech model for a given application.
CO4 Design a speech recognition system.
CO5 Use different speech synthesis techniques.
UNIT-I
Basic Concepts of Speech Processing Speech Fundamentals: Articulatory Phonetics – Production and
Classification of Speech Sounds; Acoustic Phonetics – acoustics of speech production; Review of
Digital Signal Processing concepts; Short-Time Fourier Transform, Filter-Bank and LPC Methods.
UNIT-2
Speech Analysis Features, Feature Extraction and Pattern Comparison Techniques: Speech distortion
measures – mathematical and perceptual – Log Spectral Distance, Cepstral Distances, Weighted Cepstral
Distances and Filtering, Likelihood Distortions, Spectral Distortion using a Warped Frequency Scale,
LPC, PLP and MFCC Coefficients, Time Alignment and Normalization – Dynamic Time Warping,
Multiple Time – Alignment Paths.
Unit-III
Speech Modeling Hidden Markov Models: Markov Processes, HMMs – Evaluation, Optimal
State Sequence – Viterbi Search, Baum-Welch Parameter Re-estimation, Implementation issues.
Unit-IV
Speech Recognition Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition: Architecture of a large
vocabulary continuous speech recognition system – acoustics and language models – ngrams,
context dependent sub-word units; Applications and present status.
Unit-V
Speech Synthesis Text-to-Speech Synthesis: Concatenative and waveform synthesis methods, subword
units for TTS, intelligibility and naturalness – role of prosody, Applications and present status.
References:
Lawrence Rabinerand Biing-Hwang Juang, ―Fundamentals of Speech Recognition‖, Pearson Education, 2003.
3.Daniel Jurafsky and James H Martin, ―Speech and Language Processing – An Introduction to Natural Language
Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition‖, Pearson Education. 4.Steven W. Smith, ―The
Scientist and Engineer’s Guide to Digital Signal Processing‖, California Technical Publishing.
5.Thomas F Quatieri, ―Discrete-Time Speech Signal Processing – Principles and Practice‖, Pearson
Education. 6.Claudio Becchetti and Lucio Prina Ricotti, ―Speech Recognition‖, John Wiley and Sons,
1999. 7.Ben gold and Nelson Morgan, ―Speech and audio signal processing‖, processing and perception of
speech and music, Wiley- India Edition, 2006 Edition.
8.Frederick Jelinek, ―Statistical Methods of Speech Recognition‖, MIT Press.
 R.K.D.F. UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
B.E. (Electronics & Communication Engineering)
FOURTH YEAR
Semester – VIII
Course Content & Grade

Branch Subject Title Subject Code Contact Hours Total Credits

per Week

EC Departmental Elective EC – 8041 0L-0T-2P 2

Lab

Subject code:- EC 8041

Subject Name: - Advanced Communication Engineering Lab
Course Outcomes:

7. Understand ASK, FSK

8. Study modulation Schemes
9. Learn about Multiplexing and De multiplexing
10. Get knowledge of various types of Antennas
11. Study applications of Directional Couplers
List of Experiments
← Amplitude Shift Keying Modulation and Demodulation
2. Frequency shift keying Modulation and Demodulation
3. BPSK Generation and Detection
4. DPSK Generation and detection.
5. QPSK Generation and detection
6. Time Division Multiplexing of 2 Bandlimited Signals
7. Analog and Digital Communication Link Using Optical Fiber
8. Study of Manchaster Coding & Decoding
9. Measurement of frequency ,guided wavelength,power,VSWR and attenuation in a microwave test bench
10. Study Of Dipole Antenna Radiation Pattern ( Simple Dipole and Folded Dipole antenna)
11. To find the Gain and Directivity of Yagi-Uda Antenna, Dipole antenna and Patch antenna
12. Determination of coupling and isolation characteristics of a stripline directional coupler.
13. Power Division and Isolation characteristics of a microstrip 3dB power divider.