Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

S. No Topics Page No

1. IMPORTANT DAYS 03

2. BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS 10

3. NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS 57

4. INTERNATIONAL NEWS 90

5. MOUS AND AGREEMENT 99

6. APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS 115

7. AWARDS AND HONOURS 108

8. APPS AND PORTAL 129

9. RANKING AND INDEXES 131

10. ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS 137

11. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 151

12. DEFENCE NEWS 142

13. ENVIRONMENT NEWS 161

14. SPORTS NEWS 162

15. BOOKS AND AUTHORS 172

16. PERSON IN NEWS 173

17. OBITUARIES 174

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

IMPORTANT DAYS
World Social Media Day 2025 - June 30
● World Social Media Day, celebrated annually on June 30, honours the transformative impact
of social media on communication, creativity, and community-building.
● The day was founded by Mashable in 2010 to recognize its growing role in everyday life.
● Theme for 2025: ‘Empowering Voices and Building Communities’.
International Day of Parliamentarism - 30 June
● The International Day of Parliamentarism is observed annually on 30 June, marking the
founding of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) in 1889.
● Established by the UN General Assembly in 2018 (Resolution A/RES/72/278), the day
highlights the vital role of parliaments in upholding democracy.
National Doctor’s Day 2025: July 1
● National Doctor’s Day every year on July 1st nationally as Special Day in July 2025 India to
mark the birth and honor the contributions of renowned physician and former West Bengal chief
minister Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy.
● This year's theme, "Behind the Mask: Who Heals the Healers?" highlights the emotional and
mental struggles faced by healthcare professionals.
● In 1991, The first-ever Doctor’s Day is celebrated in India in honor of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy.
Chartered Accountants Day 2025: July 1
● On July 1st Chartered Accountants Day 2025 is held every year in India.
● This day is marked to commemorate the foundation of the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India (ICAI) on July 1, 1949.
● The Chartered Accountants Day 2025 was created on July 1st, 1949, as a statutory body by the
Indian Parliament under the Chartered Accountants Act.
GST Day 2025: July 1
● Every year on July 1st, Goods and Services Tax Day is observed to commemorate the
implementation of the GST regime in the country.
● GST is a comprehensive indirect tax imposed on the supply of goods and services nationwide.
● The theme of the GST Day: “GST – Simplifying Taxes: Empowering Citizens.”
● GST was first implemented in India on July 1, 2017, marking a significant milestone in the
country's economic history.
World UFO Day 2025: July 2

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Every year on July 2nd, World UFO Day is commemorated to raise awareness about
Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO) spotted in several parts of the world and alien life forms.
● July 2 is celebrated as World UFO Day to commemorate the supposed UFO crash incident in
Roswell New Mexico in 1947.
World Sports Journalists Day 2025: July 2
● World Sports Journalists Day is observed globally on 2nd July every year to acknowledge
the work of sports journalists & to encourage them to do better at their work.
● The official theme for World Sports Journalists Day 2025 is: "Championing Fair Play:
Reporting with Integrity and Impact."
● In 1994, World Sports Journalists Day was created by the A.I.P.S.
About International Sports Press Association (AIPS):
● Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland.
● AIPS of President: Gianni Merlo.
● Founded: 1924
International Plastic Bag Free Day 2025: July 3
● International Plastic Bag Free Day 2025 is observed on July 3 every year to motivate people
to avoid using single-use plastic to eliminate plastic pollution.
● International Plastic Bag Free Day 2025 is celebrated around the world to spread awareness that
a plastic bag-free world is possible and that sound environmental alternatives to single-use
plastic bags are available.
● Bag Free World organization established the International Plastic Bag Free Day.
● Rezero, a member of Zero Waste Europe (ZWE), initiated the first International Plastic Bag
Free Day which was observed on July 3, 2008.
● Bangladesh became the first country to ban the use of single-use, thin plastic bags officially in
2022.
American Independence Day 2025: July 4
● American Independence Day has celebrated every year on July 4th nationally as a Special
Day in July 2025 USA as a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the Declaration
of Independence, which was ratified by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776.
● The first Independence Day celebration took place in Philadelphia on July 4, 1777.
International Day of Cooperatives 2025: July 5
● International Day of Cooperatives 2025 is observed all over the world on the 1st Saturday of
July. This year, the world will celebrate International Day of Cooperatives on 5th July.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● On the first Saturday of every July, International Day of Cooperatives is commemorated to

increase awareness about cooperatives by highlighting how the United Nations shares similar
goals and objectives as the international cooperative movement.
● The theme for International Cooperatives Day 2025 is “Cooperatives Build a Better World.”
World Zoonoses Day 2025: July 6
● Every year on July 6th, World Zoonoses Day is commemorated as the anniversary of the first-
ever vaccine given for any zoonotic disease way back in 1885.
● The purpose of this day is to raise awareness of illnesses that can spread from humans to
animals.
World Rural Development Day –July 6
• World Rural Development Day, celebrated annually on July 6, recognizes the vital role of
rural communities in achieving sustainable development.
• Not a UN-Designated Day: Though not officially recognized by the United Nations, the
observance has gained global support through the efforts of NGOs, governments, and civil
society organizations.
• Linked to UN SDGs: Closely aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—
especially Goal 1 (No Poverty), Goal 2 (Zero Hunger), and Goal 15 (Life on Land)—by
advocating for sustainable rural development.
• Origin and Evolution: The concept began in the early 21st century, rooted in the increasing
recognition of rural areas’ contributions to economic and social growth. Over time, it has
become a significant occasion for policy dialogue, awareness campaigns, and community
engagement activities.
Global Forgiveness Day 2025 – July 7
• Global Forgiveness Day is observed every year on July 7 to promote the power of
forgiveness as a means for personal and social healing.
• Established in 1994 by the Christian Embassy of Christ’s Ambassadors (CECA), the day
encourages people to release grudges, embrace empathy, and foster reconciliation.
• Established in 1994: The day was originally launched as National Forgiveness
Day by CECA in Victoria, British Columbia.
World Bioproduct Day 2025 : July 7
• World Bioproduct Day was observed globally on July 7, 2025, to raise awareness
about sustainable bioproducts derived from renewable sources like plants, algae, and organic
waste.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• First launched in 2021, the day aims to encourage the adoption of eco-friendly alternatives to
fossil-based products and highlight their role in climate action and the circular economy.
World Population Day 2025: July 11
• On July 11th, World Population Day 2025 is celebrated and observed all over the world as an
awareness program.
• It is observed to increase public awareness of topics such as the effects of population growth,
gender equality, the value of family planning, poverty, maternal health, and human rights.
• This year, the theme for World Population Day 2025 is “Empowering young people to
create the families they want in a fair and hopeful world.”
• In 1989, The United Nations recognized July 11 as World Population Day.
World Horse Day 2025: July 11
• World Horse Day was observed for the first time on July 11, 2025, following a formal
declaration by the United Nations General Assembly.
• UN Resolution 79/291: Adopted on June 3, 2025, the resolution officially established July
11 as World Horse Day, recognizing the historic and cultural contributions of horses to
human society.
International Nurses Day 2025 – May 12
• International Nurses Day is celebrated every year on May 12.
• The International Council of Nurses (ICN) announced the theme for International Nurses Day
2025 as “Our Nurses. Our Future. Caring for nurses strengthens economies”.
• In 1953, US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare officer Dorothy Sutherland contacted
US President Dwight.D.Elsenhower to celebrate “Nurses Day”.
World Youth Skills Day 2025: July 15
• On July 15thWorld Youth Skills Day 2025 is celebrated to mention the significance of
developing skills among young people worldwide.
• The theme for 2025 World Youth Skills Day is “Youth empowerment through AI and digital
skills”.
• World Youth Skills Day was created by the United Nations General Assembly on November
11, 2014, through a resolution initiated by Sri Lanka, and supported by some other countries.
• The first World Youth Skills Day was celebrated on July 15, 2015.
World Youth Skills Day 2025

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• World Youth Skills Day, observed every year on July 15, spotlights the critical role of skills
development in enabling young people to access decent employment,
pursue entrepreneurship, and achieve personal growth.
• Theme: “Youth Empowerment Through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digital Skills”
• 2014: United Nations General Assembly proclaims July 15 as World Youth Skills Day.
World Day for International Justice 2025: July 17
• Every year on July 17, the day of many names, also known as International Justice Day,
World Day for International Justice, or Day of International Criminal Justice, is celebrated in
an effort to acknowledge the system of international justice.
• On June 1, 2010, The Assembly of State Parties decided to celebrate the day the Rome
Statute was adopted as the World Day for International Justice.
World Snake Day Celebrated in Bengaluru to Promote Compassion and Conservation
• World Snake Day on July 16 urges increased awareness for the wide variety of snake species
around the world.
• The Bannerghatta Biological Park in Bengaluru hosted a special World Snake Day event
on 15 -16 July 2025, featuring wildlife education and a unique philatelic initiative.
• Theme – “Respect, Don’t Fear: Protecting Nature’s Silent Guardians” underscored the need
for compassion in snake conservation.
Nelson Mandela International Day 2025: July 18
• On July 18th of this current year, Nelson Mandela International Day 2025 is celebrated and
observed worldwide as an honoring event.
• Nelson Mandela International Day (also known as Mandela Day) is a yearly international
celebration honoring Mandela that is observed on his birthday, July 18th.
• On July 18, 2009, The first Nelson Mandela International Day was held in New York.
World Chess Day 2025: July 20
• World Chess Day is globally celebrated on July 20thevery year to mark the date of the
establishment of the International Chess Federation (FIDE) in Paris in 1924.
• The theme of International Chess Day 2025 is “Every Move Counts”
• The Global Chess Alliance (FIDE) was established in Paris, France in 1924 by the public
chess organizations of Argentina, Czechoslovakia, France, Poland, Romania, Spain,
Switzerland, and Yugoslavia.
International Moon Day 2025: July 20

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• International Moon Day is celebrated every year on July 20th to commemorate the anniversary
of Neil Armstrong’s landing on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission and to promote
international cooperation in space exploration.
• 2025 Theme: “One Moon, One Vision, One Future”
• The first global celebration of International Moon Day took place on July 20, 2022.
World Brain Day 2025: July 22
● Every year on July 22nd World Brain Day is celebrated by people worldwide to prevent brain
disabilities and treat and rehabilitate them.
● World Brain Day 2025 awareness can reduce the disability associated with brain disorders.
● The World Brain Day 2025 theme is “Brain Health for All Ages”.
National Broadcasting Day 2025: July 23
● Every year National Broadcasting Day is celebrated in India on July 23rd to
commemorate the first-ever radio broadcast that took place in the country on this day in
1927.
● National Broadcasting Day 2025 marks the establishment of the first-ever radio broadcast “All
India Radio (AIR)” in India.
National Flag Day (Tiranga Adoption Day)- July 22
● India observes National Flag Day every year on July 22, marking the day in 1947 when the
Constituent Assembly adopted the Indian National Flag. Known as the Tiranga, the flag
symbolizes the nation’s unity, freedom, and identity.
International Day for Judicial Well-being– 25 July
● The International Day for Judicial Well-being, observed every 25 July, highlights the global
recognition of the mental, emotional, and physical health of judges as essential to
maintaining the integrity and effectiveness of justice systems.
● The day was officially designated by the United Nations General Assembly in March 2025.
International Day for Women and Girls of African Descent – July 25
● The International Day for Women and Girls of African Descent is observed annually on
July 25.
● It celebrates, empowers, and raises awareness about the achievements, dignity, and
leadership of women and girls of African heritage.
● This is a United Nations-recognized observance that highlights both their resilience
against systemic discrimination and their crucial contributions to global society.
World Drowning Prevention Day – July 25

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Observed annually on 25 July, World Drowning Prevention Day is a United Nations-

recognized observance aimed at raising awareness about drowning, a neglected but
preventable public health issue.
● Drowning leads to an estimated 236,000 deaths every year, with children, adolescents, and
individuals in low- and middle-income countries being the most affected.
Kargil Vijay Diwas 2025: July 26
● Kargil Vijay Diwas 2025 is observed on July 26 every year in memory of soldiers who
sacrificed their lives in the Kargil War.
● In this year 2025, it has been 24 years since the Kargil War of 1999.
● Kargil Vijay Diwas 2025 celebrates the victory of the Indian Armed Forces over Pakistan
during the Kargil War, which took place between May and July 1999
World Nature Conservation Day 2025: July 28
● On July 28th, World Nature Conservation Day 2025is celebrated and observed all over the
world as an awareness program to conserve Nature.
● The World Nature Conservation theme for 2025 is “Connecting People and Plants,
Exploring Digital Innovation in Wildlife Conservation.”
International Tiger Day 2025: July 29
● International Tiger Day 2025 is celebrated and observed worldwide as an awareness
program on July 29th which brings attention to the declining numbers of the largest of the big
cats, is observed.
World Hepatitis Day: July 28
● Every year on July 28, World Hepatitis Day is observed globally to increase awareness
about hepatitis, a silent yet potentially fatal liver disease.
● The date honors the birth anniversary of Baruch Blumberg, the Nobel laureate who
discovered the Hepatitis B virus and developed the first vaccine for it.
● The 2025 campaign theme, “Hepatitis: Let’s Break It Down,” focuses on breaking down
financial, social, and systemic barriers that hinder timely care. This effort aligns with the global
target to eliminate hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.
World Day Against Trafficking in Persons 2025: July 30
● Every year, World Day Against Trafficking in Persons 2025 is observed on 30th July to
build awareness of the anxiety of human trafficking victims and to promote and protect their
rights.
● THEME 2025. “Human trafficking is Organized Crime – End the Exploitation”

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

World Ranger Day 2025: July 31

● Every year World Ranger Day is celebrated on the 31st of July to commemorate Rangers
who have been injured or killed in the line of duty.
● This World Ranger Day 2025 also celebrates all of the work that Rangers do around the world
to protect the cultural heritage and natural treasures of the planet.
● The first World Ranger Day took place in 2007; the date represented the 15th anniversary
of when the IRF was founded.
● IRF stands for the International Ranger Federation.
● This organization was founded in 1992.

BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

State Bank of India to Celebrate 70 Years of Formation on July 1, 2025
● On July 1, 2025, the State Bank of India (SBI) will complete 70 years since its establishment in
its current form.
Key Highlights:
Origins:
● The roots of SBI trace back to the Bank of Calcutta (later renamed Bank of Bengal) set up in
June 1806.
● SBI is the result of the Imperial Bank of India being converted into SBI under the State Bank of
India Act, 1955, based on the recommendation of the All-India Credit Survey Committee.
About State Bank of India (SBI):
● Founded Year: 1955
● Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● Chairman: Challa Sreenivasulu Setty
● Slogan: "The Banker to Every Indian"
Reserve Bank of India Study Recommends Daily Financial Conditions Index to Monitor Market
Dynamics
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has proposed creating a Financial Conditions Index (FCI)
for India with daily frequency to enhance real-time monitoring of the country’s financial health.
● The FCI will be a composite indicator capturing prevailing conditions across key financial
segments such as the money market, government securities (G-sec), corporate bonds,
equities, and the foreign exchange market.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The index aims to provide a high-frequency gauge of how tight or easy financial market
conditions are compared to their historical average since 2012.
● The FCI is constructed based on 20 financial market indicators measured daily over a long
period.
● The index closely tracks turning points in financial conditions during major economic
episodes in the sample period.
● A higher positive value of the FCI indicates tighter financial conditions.
About RBI:
● Established : 1 April 1935
● Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● Governor : Sanjay Malhotra
US Senate proposes cutting remittance tax to 1%, provides relief to Non-Resident Indians

● The latest US Senate draft of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, released on June 27,2025 has
reduced the proposed remittance transfer tax from 3.5% to 1%, a significant change from the
House version.
● The updated proposal is led by Senate Republicans with a self-imposed deadline of July 4 for
the bill’s passage.
● The tax exclusion applies to remittances made via accounts held with designated US banks
and financial institutions, or those funded through debit or credit cards issued in the US.
● The tax will only apply to remittances sent through cash, money orders, cashier’s checks,
or similar physical instruments.
● Lloyd Pinto, Partner – US Tax, Grant Thornton Bharat, stated this is a relief to the Non-
Resident Indian (NRI) community in the US.
● If passed, the remittance transfer tax will come into effect after December 31, 2025.
PhonePe Enters Co-Branded Card Segment with HDFC Bank Credit Card Launch
● PhonePe and HDFC Bank have announced the launch of a co-branded credit card, marking
PhonePe’s entry into the co-branded card segment.
● The card is issued on the RuPay network and is called the PhonePe HDFC Bank co-branded
RuPay credit card.
● It is designed to meet the evolving financial needs of Indian consumers and offers benefits
on UPI spending, especially on the PhonePe platform.
● The PhonePe app was launched in August 2016.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● As of April 2025, PhonePe has over 61 crore (610 million) registered users.
Financial Stability Report Reveals Financial System Remains Strong Despite Global Uncertainty
● Despite global uncertainties, India’s financial system remains resilient and well
capitalised, as per the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Financial Stability Report (FSR).
● Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) have improved asset quality, with gross non-
performing assets (GNPA) near multi-decade lows.
● Stress tests indicate that banks’ capital adequacy ratios (CRAR) will remain comfortably
above minimum regulatory requirements even under severe adverse scenarios.
Key Highlights :
● Gross NPA ratio may rise slightly from 2.3% (March 2025) to:
➔ 2.5% under baseline by March 2027,
➔ 5.6% in first adverse case (more volatile geopolitical environment),
➔ 5.3% in the second adverse case (slowed global growth).
● Capital Adequacy Ratio (CRAR) projections:
➔ Baseline: dip from 17.2% (March 2025) to 17% (March 2027),
➔ Adverse case 1: 14.2%,
➔ Adverse case 2: 14.6%,
➔ Minimum regulatory CRAR requirement is 9%, which banks will maintain even under
stress.
● Common Equity Tier-1 (CET1) Capital Ratio:
➔ Baseline increase from 14.6% to 15.2%,
➔ Adverse case 1: fall to 12.5%,
➔ Adverse case 2: fall to 12.9%,
➔ Regulatory minimum CET1 is 5.5%.
Securities and Exchange Board of India Permits Intermediaries to Use NPCI’s ‘e-KYC Setu System’
for Digital KYC Processes
● The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has approved registered market
intermediaries to use the NPCI’s ‘e-KYC Setu System’ for performing digital KYC.
● Previously, intermediaries used only the Aadhaar-based e-KYC services of the Unique
Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) in the securities market.
● The approval aims to facilitate ease of doing business and simplify the customer onboarding
process.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The ‘e-KYC Setu System’ is developed by NPCI in collaboration with UIDAI to enable
digitization of customer onboarding.
AU Small Finance Bank Teams Up with Life Insurance Corporation of India to Expand Life
Insurance Services
● AU Small Finance Bank (AU SFB) has entered into a partnership with the Life Insurance
Corporation of India (LIC), the country’s largest life insurer.
● The collaboration supports the national goal of ‘Insurance for All by 2047’ by enhancing
insurance penetration in rural and semi-urban areas.
● AU SFB will distribute LIC’s comprehensive range of life insurance products, including:Term
insurance, Endowment plans, Whole life policies, Pension and annuity offerings, Child-
specific plans.
About AU Small Finance Bank :
● AU Small Finance Bank, founded in 1996 by Sanjay Agarwal, is the largest small finance
bank in India and operates as a scheduled commercial bank.
● MD & CEO : Sanjay Agarwal
● As of March 31, 2025, AU SFB serves over 1.13 crore customers, has a balance sheet size of
₹1.57 trillion, and holds a ‘AA/Stable’ credit rating.
Small Savings Scheme Interest Rates Unchanged for 7th Straight Quarter from July 1, 2025
● Interest rates on small savings schemes, including Public Provident Fund (PPF) and
Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme (SSS), will remain unchanged for the 7th consecutive quarter
starting July 1, 2025.
● Currently, there are 12 small savings schemes, including savings accounts, many offering tax
benefits. These include:
➔ National Savings Certificates (NSC)
➔ Public Provident Fund (PPF)
➔ Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme (SSS)
➔ Senior Citizen Savings Scheme (SCSS)
● Interest rates on these schemes are reviewed quarterly, but most have stayed steady since
July-September 2024, with minor adjustments in some.
● Retail bank deposits in India usually have a short average tenor (1.5 to 3 years), contrasting
with government-backed schemes which have longer lock-in periods:
➔ PPF: 15 years
➔ Sukanya Samriddhi: up to 21 years

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

➔ Senior Citizen Savings Scheme: 5 years

● Interest rates for specific schemes effective July 1, 2025:
➔ Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme: 8.2%
➔ 3-year term deposit: 7.1%
➔ Public Provident Fund (PPF): 7.1%
➔ Post Office Savings Deposit: 4%
➔ Kisan Vikas Patra (KVP): 7.5%, matures in 115 months
➔ National Savings Certificate (NSC): 7.7% (for April-June 2025 period)
➔ Monthly Income Scheme (MIS): 7.4%
IIP Growth Falls to 9-Month Low of 1.2% Amid Widespread Slowdown
● India’s industrial growth fell to a 9-month low of 1.2% in May 2025, as per the Index of
Industrial Production (IIP) released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation on June 30.
● This is the lowest IIP growth since August 2024, when growth was just 0.1%.
Sector-Wise Performance:
● Manufacturing sector growth slowed sharply to 2.6% in May 2025 from:
➔ 5.1% in May 2024
➔ 3.1% in April 2025
● The mining sector contracted by 0.15% in both May and April 2025, compared to 6.6% growth
in May 2024.
● Electricity sector contracted by 5.8% in May 2025 vs:
➔ 13.7% growth in May 2024
➔ 1.75% growth in April 2025
● Primary goods sector:
➔ Contracted by 1.9% in May 2025
➔ Contracted by 0.2% in April 2025
➔ Had grown 7.3% in May 2024
● Consumer durables sector:
➔ Contracted by 0.7% in May 2025
➔ High base: 12.6% growth in May 2024
● Consumer non-durables sector:
➔ Contracted by 2.4% in May 2025
➔ Fourth straight month of contraction

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

➔ Low base: 2.8% growth in May 2024

FSR Highlights Banks’ Strong Resilience to Macroeconomic Shocks Through Stress Tests
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) conducted macro stress tests on 46 Scheduled
Commercial Banks (SCBs), representing 98% of total SCB assets (excluding Regional Rural
Banks), to assess resilience to macroeconomic shocks.
● The tests included three scenarios over a two-year horizon:
➔ Baseline scenario
➔ Adverse Scenario 1 (Geopolitical Risk)
➔ Adverse Scenario 2 (Global Growth Slowdown)
Meta Makes SEBI Verification Mandatory for Securities and Investment Advertisements on Its
Platforms
● Meta mandates that all advertisers running securities and investment ads in India on
platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp must be: Verified by SEBI, or Complete
business/identity verification if exempt from SEBI registration
● The rule applies to global campaigns targeting Indian users and takes effect from July 31,
2025.
● This initiative aligns with SEBI’s efforts to regulate financial content and curb misleading ads
by finfluencers.
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank Subscribes to ₹1,301.25 Crore Non-Convertible Debentures
Issued by Aditya Birla Capital Limited
● The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) has subscribed to ₹1,301.25 crore worth of
Non-Convertible Debentures (NCDs) issued by Aditya Birla Capital Limited (ABCL).
● The investment is a three-year privately placed funding aimed at supporting renewable energy
and electric mobility projects in India.
● The financing will support lending for renewable energy generation, including:Solar, Wind,
Geothermal, Pumped storage, Hydrogen production, Energy storage systems.
About AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank):
● The AIIB is a multilateral development bank that aims to improve social and economic outcomes
in Asia by investing in sustainable infrastructure and other productive sectors.
● The AIIB focuses on areas such as transportation, energy, water, urban development, and digital
infrastructure.
● Founded Year: 2016
● Headquarters: Beijing, China

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● President: Jin Liqun

● Members: 110
FSR Projects Non-Banking Finance Companies’ Gross Non-Performing Asset Ratio Could
Increase to 5.8% Under High-Risk Scenario
● According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Non-Banking Finance Companies’ (NBFCs)
Gross Non-Performing Asset (GNPA) ratio may rise to 5.8% from 2.9% in March 2025 under
a severe stress scenario.
● Under the baseline scenario, the system-level GNPA ratio of sample NBFCs may increase
from 2.9% in March 2025 to 3.3% in March 2026.
● The aggregate Capital to Risk-weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) may decline to 21.4% in March
2026 from 23.4% in March 2025.
● Under the baseline scenario, 10 NBFCs (all in the middle layer) may breach the regulatory
minimum capital requirement of 15%.
Reserve Bank of India Estimates Rs 2.86 Lakh Crore Market Borrowing by States/UTs in July–
September Quarter
● States and Union Territories (UTs) are expected to raise around ₹2.86 lakh crore from the
markets during the July–September 2025 quarter, according to the Reserve Bank of India
(RBI).
● These borrowing plans were finalized after consultations between the RBI and State/UT
governments.
● On July 1, 2025, a total of ₹18,100 crore is proposed to be borrowed by the following states:
➔ Andhra Pradesh – ₹2,000 crore
➔ Assam – ₹900 crore
➔ Gujarat – ₹1,000 crore
➔ Himachal Pradesh – ₹1,200 crore
➔ Kerala – ₹2,000 crore
➔ Maharashtra – ₹6,000 crore
➔ Rajasthan – ₹500 crore
➔ Tamil Nadu – ₹2,000 crore
➔ Telangana – ₹1,500 crore
➔ West Bengal – ₹1,000 crore
CCIL IFSC Ties Up with Standard Chartered Bank for Settlement Services in GIFT City

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● CCIL IFSC Limited, a subsidiary of The Clearing Corporation of India Ltd (CCIL), has
partnered with Standard Chartered Bank.
● Under the agreement, Standard Chartered Bank will serve as the Settlement Bank for the
Foreign Currency Settlement System (FCSS) of CCIL IFSC Ltd in GIFT City, Gujarat.
● The FCSS will initially facilitate real-time settlement of USD transactions within GIFT IFSC.
● P D Singh is the CEO of India & South Asia, Standard Chartered Bank.
Securities and Exchange Board of India Proposes New IT Capacity Guidelines for Commodity
Exchanges and Clearing Corporations
● The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has proposed that commodity
exchanges and clearing corporations maintain IT system capacity of twice the projected
peak load.
● This is a reduction from the existing requirement of four times the peak load, as per the 2016
guidelines, which applied only to exchanges.
● The new proposal extends the capacity norms to clearing corporations as well, ensuring
uniform standards.
● The draft framework includes:Forward-looking capacity planning, Quarterly stress testing,
Real-time automated alert systems
● If utilisation exceeds 75% of installed capacity, immediate corrective actions must be taken
by stock exchanges and clearing corporations.
Karur Vysya Bank Partners with Kshema General Insurance for Strategic Bancassurance Tie-Up
● Karur Vysya Bank (KVB) and Kshema General Insurance have entered into a strategic
bancassurance alliance.
● The partnership aims to offer a specially designed dual-benefit insurance product — Kshema
Kisan Sathi — targeted at India’s rural and agri-focused communities.
● The initiative is focused on insuring and uplifting the agri and rural economy, by combining
Kshema’s technology platform with KVB’s rural customer network.
What Is Bancassurance?
● Bancassurance is an arrangement between a bank and an insurance company, allowing the
insurance company to sell its products to the bank's client base.
● This partnership arrangement can be profitable for both companies.
State Bank of India Launches Specialized Trade Finance Centres in Kolkata and Hyderabad
● State Bank of India (SBI) inaugurated Global Trade Finance Centres at Kolkata and
Hyderabad.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● These specialized hubs are staffed by over 800 skilled professionals.

● The centres will streamline Inland trade and processing of Import and Export transactions.
● Benefits include faster turnaround, stronger compliance, and significantly improved
customer experience.
Reserve Bank of India Approves Saraswat Co-operative Bank’s Takeover of Fraud-Hit New India
Co-op Bank Under UCB Amalgamation Scheme
● Saraswat Co-operative Bank (SCB) has received in-principle approval from the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) to acquire the fraud-hit New India Co-operative Bank (NICB) under the
voluntary amalgamation scheme for Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs).
● NICB’s net worth has turned negative after a misappropriation of ₹122 crore was detected
during an RBI inspection in February 2025.
SCB’s Past Acquisitions:
Year Acquired Bank(s)
2006 Maratha Mandir Co-operative Bank
o Mandvi Co-operative Bank
o Annasaheb Karale Janata Sahakari Bank
2007
o Murgha Rajendra Sahakari Bank
o Nashik People’s Co-operative Bank
2008 South Indian Co-operative Bank
2009 Kolhapur Maratha Co-operative Bank
Punjab National Bank waives charges for non-maintenance of minimum balance
● Punjab National Bank (PNB) has announced the waiver of penal charges for non-
maintenance of Minimum Average Balance (MAB) in all savings accounts.
● This customer-first initiative is effective from July 1, 2025.
● The move aims to support priority segments such as women, farmers, and low-income
households, promoting inclusive banking access without penalties.
● Similar steps have been taken by other public sector banks, including the State Bank of India
(SBI).
What is a minimum average balance?
● The Minimum Average Balance (MAB), also known as Monthly Average Balance, is the
minimum amount of funds that a bank customer is required to maintain on average in their
savings account over a month.
Reserve Bank of India Bans Pre-Payment Charges on Floating Rate Loans for Individuals and

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Micro & Small Enterprises

● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has directed that no pre-payment charges shall be levied on
floating rate loans granted to individuals and Micro & Small Enterprises (MSEs) for
business purposes, regardless of the presence of co-obligants.
Key Highlights :
● No charges can be levied if pre-payment is:
➔ Initiated by the lender, or
➔ If previously waived charges are being retrospectively imposed at the time of pre-
payment.
● These directions apply to all term loans and demand loans sanctioned or renewed on or after
January 1, 2026.
● Applicability includes:
➔ Commercial banks (excluding payments banks),
➔ Co-operative banks,
➔ Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs),
➔ All India Financial Institutions (AIFIs).
● Specifically:
➔ Commercial banks (excluding Small Finance Banks (SFBs), Regional Rural Banks
(RRBs), and Local Area Banks (LABs)),
➔ Tier 4 Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks with deposits over ₹10,000 crore,
➔ NBFC-Upper Layer (NBFC-UL),
➔ All India Financial Institutions shall not levy pre-payment charges.
State Bank of India’s Financial Integrity Committee Detects Ongoing Financial Misconduct by
Reliance Communications and Affiliates
● State Bank of India’s Financial Integrity Committee (FIC) identified a consistent pattern of
financial misconduct involving Reliance Communications (RCom) and its entities.
● The forensic audit revealed large-scale diversion of bank funds through related entities,
with funds being temporarily parked in mutual funds or fixed deposits and cycled via intra-day
transactions to evade disclosure.
Central Board of Direct Taxes Hikes Cost Inflation Index to 376 for FY26 to Provide Relief on
Capital Gains Tax
● The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has increased the Cost Inflation Index (CII) to 376
for the financial year 2025–26, up from 363 in the previous year.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The CII is a key index used to adjust the purchase price of assets for inflation, which helps in
reducing taxable capital gains when those assets are sold.
● Capital gains are calculated as the difference between the sale price and the inflation-
adjusted purchase price, including the cost of improvements.
● The revised CII applies to the current financial year FY26 and the assessment year 2026–27
onwards.
● The mechanism ensures that long-term capital gains (LTCG) on assets like land and
buildings reflect real profits rather than just inflation-driven gains.
● The Finance Act, 2024 narrowed the scope of indexation benefits, allowing indexation
primarily for assets sold before July 23, 2024.
Reserve Bank of India Directs Banks to Adopt Department of Telecom’s Financial Fraud Detection
Technology
● The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has welcomed the Reserve Bank of India’s
(RBI) advisory issued on June 30, 2025, directing all Scheduled Commercial Banks, Small
Finance Banks, Payments Banks, and Co-operative Banks to integrate the Financial Fraud
Risk Indicator (FRI) developed by DoT into their systems.
● The Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) was launched in May 2025 by DoT’s Digital
Intelligence Unit (DIU) as a risk-based metric classifying mobile numbers as Medium, High,
or Very High risk for financial fraud.
● The classification is based on inputs from multiple stakeholders, including:
➔ Reports on Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C’s) National Cybercrime
Reporting Portal (NCRP),
➔ DoT’s Chakshu platform,
➔ Intelligence shared by banks and financial institutions.
Mashreq Bank Becomes First UAE Bank to Get In-Principle Approval for IBU at GIFT City, Gujarat
● Mashreq Bank became the first UAE-based bank to receive in-principle approval (IPA) to
open an International Financial Services Centre Banking Unit (IBU) at the Gujarat
International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) in Gujarat.
● The new branch is expected to be operational by Q4 2025, subject to all regulatory
clearances.
● Mashreq has secured approvals from the UAE Central Bank and the Special Economic Zone
(SEZ) authority; it is now in the final stages of obtaining the full license from the
International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA).

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

SBI Contributes 1.1% to Global GDP Growth as Part of India’s 6.7% Share: SBI Report
● According to SBI Research, India contributed around 6.7% to the global economy's
incremental growth in FY25.
● The State Bank of India (SBI) alone contributed 1.1% to the global incremental GDP,
amounting to $44 billion out of the total $297 billion added by India.
● The report emphasizes that SBI’s contribution accounts for 16% of India’s GDP growth in
FY25, showcasing its significant economic impact.
GST collections rise 6.2% to ₹1.85 lakh crore in June 2025, marking slowest growth in four years
● GST collections rose by 6.2% in June 2025 to ₹1.84 lakh crore, marking modest growth as
India began the ninth year of GST implementation.
● June collections were 8.5% lower than April’s peak, but the April–June quarter GST mop-up
rose by 12% with tax buoyancy above 1.
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi described GST as a transformative reform that enhanced
ease of doing business and promoted cooperative federalism.
● The GST Council currently has 33 members, as per Article 279A of the Constitution.
● Members of the GST Council include:
➔ Union Finance Minister (Chairperson)
➔ Union Minister of State in charge of Revenue (Finance) from the Centre
➔ Representatives from State Governments
● GST Council classifies goods and services under five tax slabs:0%, 5%, 12%, 18%, and 28%.
● The Finance Ministry has notified the constitution of 31 Appellate Tribunals across 28 States
and 8 Union Territories for GST-related disputes.
● As per the 53rd GST Council meeting, the monetary limit for the department to file appeals
before GST Appellate Tribunal is ₹20 lakh.
MobiKwik’s subsidiary gets Securities and Exchange Board of India nod to operate as stock
broker

● On 1 July 2025, MobiKwik Securities Broking Private Limited (MSBPL) is a wholly-owned

subsidiary of fintech firm MobiKwik received regulatory approval from the Securities and
Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to act as a stock broker and clearing member.
● The SEBI-issued certificate of registration allows MSBPL to conduct activities such as buying,
selling, dealing, clearing, and settlement of equity trades.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● This approval enables MobiKwik to accelerate growth in its wealth distribution vertical and
expand offerings across the capital markets ecosystem.
UPI Records 18.40 Billion Transactions Worth ₹24.04 Lakh Crore in June 2025, Posting 32%
Volume and 20% Value Growth
● In June 2025, Unified Payments Interface (UPI) recorded 18.40 billion transactions worth
₹24.04 lakh crore, showing a 32% annual growth in volume and 20% growth in value, as per
NPCI data.
● This was a slight drop from May 2025, when UPI transactions were worth ₹25.14 lakh crore.
● The dip is attributed to seasonal effects, not a decline in adoption.
● UPI daily averages in June:
➔ 613 million transactions per day
➔ Daily value of ₹80,131 crore
India’s GST Collections Double in Five Years to Record ₹22.08 Lakh Crore in FY25
● India’s gross Goods and Services Tax (GST) collections have doubled over the past five
years, reaching a record ₹22.08 lakh crore in FY24-25, up from ₹11.37 lakh crore in FY21.
● The FY25 GST collections represent a 9.4% year-on-year growth compared to ₹20.18 lakh
crore collected in FY24.
● This marks the highest-ever annual GST collection since the rollout of the indirect tax system
in July 2017.
● The average monthly GST collection in FY25 was ₹1.84 lakh crore, up from ₹1.68 lakh crore
in FY24 and ₹1.51 lakh crore in FY22.
India’s Real GDP Expected to Grow Between 6.4% and 6.7% in FY26 -Confederation of Indian
Industry
● India’s real GDP growth is projected to be in the range of 6.4% to 6.7% in FY26, reaffirming
India’s status as the fastest-growing major economy globally, according to the Confederation
of Indian Industry (CII).
● CII President Rajiv Memani stated that despite global economic and political volatility, India
remains a bright spot in a fractured global economy.
● India’s growth must be anchored in competitiveness, driven by scale, productivity,
innovation, and resilience.
● CII supports reform, innovation, and trust to maintain internal momentum and withstand
external shocks.
About CII :

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Formation : 1895
● Headquarters : New Delhi, India
● Director General : Chandrajit Banerjee
International Finance Corporation Pledges ₹460 Crore to IndiGrid for India’s Biggest Standalone
Battery Energy Storage System in Gujarat
● The International Finance Corporation (IFC), part of the World Bank Group, has committed
₹460 crore ($55 million) in long-term financing to IndiGrid.
● The funding is for the development of India’s largest standalone Battery Energy Storage
System (BESS) in Gujarat.
● The BESS project aims to support grid stability and ensure reliable clean energy during
peak demand periods.
● The total financing includes:$38.5 million from IFC’s own account, $16.5 million in
concessional funding from the Clean Technology Fund (CTF)
Reserve Bank of India Reports 98.29% of ₹2000 Notes Withdrawn from Circulation
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced that 98.29% of the ₹2,000 banknotes in
circulation as of May 19, 2023, have been returned by June 30, 2025.
● The total value of ₹2,000 notes in circulation was ₹3.56 lakh crore as of May 19, 2023, when
their withdrawal was announced.
● As of June 30, 2025, the value of ₹2,000 notes in circulation has dropped to just ₹6,099 crore.
● The ₹2,000 banknotes continue to be legal tender, despite the withdrawal from circulation.
India Tops China Again in Biofuel Consumption for Second Consecutive Year in 2024
● India overtook China to become the world’s fourth-largest biofuel consumer for the second
consecutive year in 2024.
● However, India still lags behind China in terms of biofuel production.
● According to the Statistical Review of World Energy 2025, published by The Energy Institute
(EI) in collaboration with Kearney and KPMG, India’s biofuel consumption rose by 40% year-
on-year to 77 thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day (kbbloe/d) in 2024.
● Between 2014 and 2024, India’s biofuel consumption grew at a compound annual growth rate
(CAGR) of 31.8%, making it the third-largest energy consumer globally.
Banking System Liquidity Surplus Exceeds ₹4 Trillion Amid Robust Variable Rate Reverse Repo
Demand
● The banking system liquidity surplus, measured by funds parked in the RBI’s Liquidity
Adjustment Facility (LAF), surged to ₹4.04 trillion, the highest since May 19, 2022.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The surge is mainly due to increased government spending and a record ₹2.69 trillion
surplus transfer by the RBI in May.
● During the seven-day Variable Rate Reverse Repo (VRRR) auction, the RBI received bids
worth around ₹1.7 trillion against a notified amount of ₹1 trillion and accepted ₹1 trillion at a
cut-off rate of 5.47%.
RBI Reports Improvement in Scheduled Commercial Banks’ Asset Quality; Gross NPAs Decline
to 2.3%
● As per the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Financial Stability Report (FSR), Asset quality of
Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) continues to improve, with Gross NPA (GNPA) and
Net NPA ratios at multi-year lows, .
● Gross NPA ratio of SCBs declined to 2.3% as of March 31, 2025, down from 2.8% a year ago.
● Public Sector Banks (PSBs) saw a notable improvement, with GNPAs falling from 3.7% in
March 2024 to 2.8% in March 2025.
● Private Sector Banks maintained a stable GNPA ratio at 2.8%, while Foreign Banks improved
further to 0.9%.
Reserve Bank of India Report States Write-offs Key Driver Behind Decline in non-performing
assets Over Last 5 Year
● Write-offs were a major contributor to the reduction in Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) over
the past five years, according to the RBI’s Financial Stability Report (FSR).
● Asset quality of Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) improved, with Gross NPA and Net
NPA ratios falling to multi-decadal lows of 2.3% and 0.5%, respectively, in FY 2024–25 (FY25).
● The write-offs-to-Gross NPA ratio for SCBs increased to 31.8% in FY25 from 29.5% in FY24,
led by private banks and foreign banks, while Public Sector Banks (PSBs) saw a marginal
decline.
● Unsecured retail loans accounted for 25% of retail loans and 8.3% of gross advances, but
had a Gross NPA ratio of 1.8%, compared to 1.2% for the overall retail portfolio as of March
2025.\
● Slippages in unsecured retail loans remained elevated for Private Sector Banks (PVBs),
contributing 78.9% of total fresh slippages in H2 FY25, compared to 11.3% for PSBs and 6.4%
for Small Finance Banks (SFBs).
Reserve Bank of India’s Financial Stability Report: Stressed Assets of Non-Banking Financial
Companies in Microfinance Sector Rise to 5.9% in March 2025 from 3.9% in September 2024

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● As per the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Financial Stability Report (FSR), the share of
stressed assets of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in the microfinance sector
(including NBFC-MFIs) increased to 5.9% in March 2025 from 3.9% in September 2024.
● Slippage ratios among upper layer NBFCs have been rising, along with an upward trend in
loan write-offs.
● Write-offs for upper layer NBFCs surged to 72.9% in March 2025 from about 50% in June
2022.
● For middle layer NBFCs, write-offs increased to 38.7% from approximately 20% during the
same period.
● Combined write-offs for both layers rose to 46.4% in March 2025, up from nearly 20% in June
2022.
Securities and Exchange Board of India Proposes Dedicated Electronic Book Provider Platform
for not-for-profit organisations Fundraising via Social Stock Exchange
● The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has proposed a dedicated electronic
book provider platform for fundraising by not-for-profit organisations (NPOs) through the
Social Stock Exchange (SSE).
● The new framework introduces a common bidding and settlement platform called the SSE
Electronic Book Provider (SSE-EBP) to facilitate NPOs issuing Zero Coupon Zero Principal
instruments and other permitted securities.
IFC Partners with IndiGrid to Develop India’s Largest Battery Energy Storage System in Gujarat
● IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, has committed ₹460 crore to IndiGrid for building
India’s largest standalone Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) project in Gujarat
● The project will support Gujarat’s clean energy goals by improving grid stability and ensuring
reliable power during peak demand.
● The funding includes long-term financing of USD 55 million (approximately ₹460 crore),
structured through listed non-convertible debentures:
➔ USD 38.5 million from IFC’s own account
➔ USD 16.5 million in concessional support from the Clean Technology Fund (under the
World Bank’s Climate Investment Funds framework)
● IndiGrid is the first Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT) in the Indian power sector and is
a trusted partner of IFC in promoting sustainable and inclusive infrastructure.
Max Financial’s Axis Max Life Reports Unauthorized Access to Customer Data

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Axis Max Life Insurance, a joint venture between Axis Bank and Max Financial Services
Ltd, reported a potential cyber threat after receiving anonymous communication about
unauthorised access to customer data.
● In a regulatory filing on July 1, 2025, Max Financial Services Ltd informed BSE and NSE
about the alleged data breach.
● An unidentified sender claimed to have breached systems and accessed sensitive customer
information.
About Axis Max Life Insurance :
● Max Financial Services holds a majority stake in Axis Max Life Insurance.
● Axis Max Life Insurance is the fifth-largest insurer in India, with a sum assured of ₹21.9
trillion and assets under management (AUM) of ₹1.75 trillion, as per the latest annual
report.
● Managing Director and CEO : Sumit Madan
Income Tax Department Notifies Cost Inflation Index for FY 2025-26 on July 1, 2025
● The Income Tax Department has notified the Cost Inflation Index (CII) for the financial year
2025-26 (Assessment Year 2026-27) on July 1, 2025.
● The CII for FY 2025-26 is set at 376, which will be used to compute the indexed cost of
acquisition for assets sold in FY 2025-26.
● This new CII figure will be effective from April 1, 2026.
● According to current rules, if a house property is acquired on or before July 22, 2024, and sold
on or after July 23, 2024, homeowners can choose between two tax calculation methods:
➔ Old rule: Tax calculated at 20% with indexation benefit.
➔ New rule: Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG) tax calculated at 12.5% without
indexation benefit.
Receivables Exchange of India Limited TReDS Platform Crosses ₹2 Lakh Crore Milestone in MSME
Invoice Financing
● Receivables Exchange of India Limited (RXIL), a TReDS platform, has crossed the milestone
of ₹2 lakh crore in MSME invoice financing.
● RXIL is a joint venture promoted by SIDBI and NSE, along with State Bank of India (SBI),
ICICI Bank, and Yes Bank.
● In FY25 alone, the platform facilitated financing worth ₹80,500 crore.
● Over 44,000 MSMEs are registered on the RXIL platform, covering 1,600 postal codes.
● CMD of SIDBI and Chairman of RXIL : Manoj Mittal

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Managing Director and CEO of RXIL : Ketan Gaikwad

Reserve Bank of India Financial Stability Report – June 2025: India Emerges as a Pillar of Global
Economic Stability
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released its June 2025 Financial Stability Report (FSR),
presenting a robust picture of India’s economic and financial resilience amidst global uncertainty.
• While the world grapples with geopolitical tensions, trade disruptions, and public debt, India
continues to shine as a fastest-growing major economy backed by strong domestic demand, cooling
inflation, and resilient financial institutions.
• India recorded a 6.5% GDP growth in FY 2024–25 and is projected to maintain the same in FY
2025–26.
Sahil Kini Appointed CEO of Reserve Bank Innovation Hub
• Sahil Kini, a veteran fintech entrepreneur and former Setu co-founder, has been named the
new Chief Executive Officer of the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH) in Bengaluru,
succeeding Rajesh Bansal, who completed his four-year term earlier in 2025.
• His selection, from a pool of over 400 applicants, underscores India’s commitment to
advancing digital finance innovation.
• Leadership Transition: Kini replaces founding CEO Rajesh Bansal, under whom RBIH
launched the Frictionless Credit platform and the Swanari program for women’s financial
inclusion.
CAMS Unveils New CAMSPay Gateway for Secure Digital Transactions
• Computer Age Management Services (CAMS) has launched a new CAMSPay Payment
Gateway, designed to meet the changing needs of India’s digital payments ecosystem.
• The platform is built to address regulatory challenges like RBI’s tokenisation and data
localisation, while also delivering real-time transaction visibility and high reliability.
• CEO Vasanth Jeyapaul describes the gateway as a strategic solution offering compliance,
scale, and performance.
• Currently serves businesses across BFSI, NBFCs, fintech, and education, with plans to
expand to capital markets, insurance, brokerages, and more.
ReserveOne to List on Nasdaq via $1 Billion SPAC Merger with M3-Brigade
• ReserveOne, a leading cryptocurrency investment firm, will become a publicly
traded company on the Nasdaq after merging with M3-Brigade, a Special Purpose
Acquisition Company (SPAC), in a deal valued at over $1 billion.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• SPAC Transaction: ReserveOne’s $1 billion+ merger with M3-Brigade facilitates its Nasdaq
listing, providing a clear pathway to the public markets.
• Diversified Crypto Treasury: The combined entity will hold a yield-generating
portfolio anchored by Bitcoin, with additional allocations in Ethereum (ETH) and Solana
(SOL).
SBI Mutual Fund Launches New Specialised Investment Funds Under ‘Magnum’ Brand
• SBI Mutual Fund (SBI MF) is the largest fund house in India and is entering the Specialised
Investment Fund (SIF) space under the ‘Magnum’ brand.
• SBI MF recently received the licence to launch SIF products, focusing on equity and hybrid
• The name ‘Magnum’ was chosen due to existing brand associations (many SBI MF schemes
had Magnum in their names).
• SBI MF appointed Gaurav Mehta as the head of the SIF venture.
About SBI Mutual Fund :
• Founded : 29 June 1987
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• MD & CEO : Mr. Nand Kishore
• SBIFMPL is a joint venture between the State Bank of India, an Indian public sector bank, and
Amundi, a European asset management company.
Asia Index Introduces BSE Insurance Index
• Asia Index, a wholly owned subsidiary of BSE, announced the launch of a new index called
the BSE Insurance Index.
• The BSE Insurance Index is created from the constituents of the BSE 1000 Index that belong to
the insurance industry.
• The index is designed to be used for passive investment strategies such as ETFs (Exchange
Traded Funds) and Index Funds.
Reserve Bank of India imposes penalties on Shriram Finance and HDFC Bank for regulatory
violations
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty of ₹2.70 lakh on Shriram
Finance Limited (SFL) for violating provisions of the RBI (Digital Lending) Directions, 2025.
• The penalty on SFL was imposed under the powers granted by Section 58G and Section 58B
of the RBI Act, 1934.
• Shriram Finance Limited is one of India’s largest retail non-banking financial companies
(NBFCs).

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Reserve Bank of India Releases Draft Norms for Closure of Shipping Bills in Export Data
Processing and Monitoring System
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released draft norms on July 11, 2025 for the Closure of
Shipping Bills in the Export Data Processing and Monitoring System (EDPMS).
• The move aims to resolve regulatory compliance issues related to reconciliation of small-
value exports in the EDPMS.
• The EDPMS was introduced in February 2014 by the RBI to monitor realisation of export
proceeds.
Reserve Bank of India revises norms for gold, silver-backed loans to farmers and small
businesses
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has allowed voluntary pledging of gold and silver
jewellery as collateral for agriculture and small business loans.
• The norms apply to:All commercial banks, Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), Small Finance
Banks (SFBs), State and District Cooperative Banks
• This comes after the collateral-free loan limit for farmers was increased from ₹1.6 lakh to ₹2
lakh per borrower in December 2024.
• Loans up to ₹10 lakh to Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) must be given without
collateral.
Reserve Bank of India Amends Basel III Norms to Broaden Credit Rating Choices for Scheduled
Commercial Banks
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has amended Basel III Capital Regulations to expand credit
rating options for Scheduled Commercial Banks (excluding Local Area Banks, Payments
Banks, and Regional Rural Banks).
• Banks are now permitted to use credit ratings from M/s CareEdge Global IFSC Limited for
assigning risk weights to their claims on non-resident corporates located in International
Financial Services Centres (IFSC).
PhonePe Maintains Leading UPI Position with 46% Market Share in June, Data Shows
• PhonePe retained its top position on the UPI leaderboard, processing over 8.54 billion
transactions and holding a 46.46% market share, as per National Payments Corporation of
India (NPCI) data.
• Google Pay processed over 6.54 billion transactions, with a 35.56% market share.
• Paytm processed 1.26 billion transactions, holding a 6.90% market share.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Total UPI transactions in June 2025 were 18.39 billion, showing a slight 1.5%
decline compared to 18.67 billion in May 2025.
Reserve Bank of India Consolidates Citizen’s Charter into Unified List of 204 Services for
Institutions and Public
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has updated and consolidated its Citizen’s Charter,
merging services for regulated institutions and the public into a single list of 204 services.
• The new charter came into effect from July 1, 2025, aiming to bring banking services closer
and faster to common citizens.
• The Citizen’s Charter is an open document detailing the services provided by RBI and
the timeframe for their delivery.
• It includes both regulatory approvals for banks and financial institutions and services for
the public, such as:Lodging complaints, Claiming unclaimed deposits, Applications under
the Right to Information (RTI) Act
ICICI Prudential AMC Submits Draft Red Herring Prospectus to SEBI for ₹10,000 Crore Initial Public
Offering
• ICICI Prudential Asset Management Company (AMC), India’s second-largest mutual fund
manager by assets, has filed its Draft Red Herring Prospectus (DRHP) with SEBI to raise
funds via an Initial Public Offering (IPO).
• The company is a joint venture between ICICI Bank and British insurer Prudential.
• The IPO will be an Offer for Sale (OFS) of 1.76 crore shares by promoter Prudential,
representing a 10% stake.
• The IPO size is expected to be around ₹10,000 crore, according to investment bankers.
• ICICI Bank holds a 51% stake in the AMC, while Prudential owns 49%.
About ICICI Prudential Asset Management Company :
• Founded : 1993
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• MD & CEO : Mr. Nimesh Shah\
• It is the second-largest asset management company in India after the SBI Mutual Fund.
Jumbotail Raises $120 Million in Series D Round for B2B Ecommerce Expansion
• Jumbotail, a B2B ecommerce platform, has raised $120 million (around ₹1,028 crore) in
its Series D funding round.
• The funding round was led by SC Ventures, the investment arm of Standard Chartered.
• Jumbotail has completed the acquisition of Solv India.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The fresh capital infusion has pushed Jumbotail’s valuation beyond $1 billion, making it India’s
fifth unicorn of 2025.
Slice Launches India’s First UPI-Enabled Physical Bank Branch in Bengaluru’s
Koramangala
• Fintech firm Slice has launched India’s first UPI-powered physical bank
branch in Koramangala, Bengaluru.
• The branch offers a fully digital banking experience, including:UPI-integrated ATMs, Instant
account opening, Cash transactions without debit cards
• Located on 80 Feet Road, a key area in Bengaluru’s startup ecosystem.
• Customers can deposit and withdraw cash using UPI, replacing the need for traditional
debit cards.
Interest Rate for Floating Rate Savings Bond, 2020 (Taxable) – FRSB 2020(T) Set for July 1 to
December 31, 2025
• The coupon rate of Floating Rate Savings Bonds, 2020 (Taxable) [FRSB 2020 (T)] is reset
every six months, based on 35 basis points above the National Savings Certificate (NSC)
rate.
• For the period July 1, 2025 to December 31, 2025, the coupon rate remains at 8.05% (7.70%
NSC rate + 0.35% spread), unchanged from the previous half-year.
• Interest is payable on January 1, 2026, and cannot be received on a cumulative basis.
• Bonds are issued for a minimum of ₹1,000 (face value) and in multiples thereof, with no
maximum investment limit.
Reserve Bank of India Publishes Complete List of Verified Digital Lending Apps on Official
Website
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has published a list of legal Digital Lending Apps
(DLAs) on its official website.
• The list helps consumers verify if a digital lending app is associated with a regulated entity.
• The list includes around 1,600 DLAs, featuring major fintech platforms such as Google Pay,
BharatPe, Axio, LendingKart, Navi, Paytm, and PhonePe.
• This step is part of RBI’s 2023 digital lending guidelines, which aimed to
ensure transparency and public access to verified digital lending platforms.
Securities and Exchange Board of India Bars US-Based Proprietary Trading Firm Jane Street and
Affiliates from Indian Securities Markets

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has barred United States (US)-based
proprietary trading firm Jane Street and its affiliates from participating in Indian securities
markets.
• The ban is due to alleged manipulation in index derivatives, specifically in Bank Nifty
options.
• SEBI has ordered the impounding of ₹4,844 crore in unlawful gains, to be held in an escrow
account.
• The interim order, following a detailed investigation, found that Jane Street
conducted aggressive, strategically timed trades in Bank Nifty component stocks and
futures on expiry days.
About SEBI :
• Established : 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January
1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Chairman : Tuhin Kanta Pandey
• SEBI is the regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India under the ownership of
the Ministry of Finance (MoF), GoI.
Colombia and Uzbekistan Become New Members of New Development Bank Ahead of 17th BRICS
Summit
• Colombia and Uzbekistan have officially joined the New Development Bank (NDB),
expanding the membership of the multilateral lender known as the BRICS Bank.
• The announcement was made following the 10th meeting of the NDB’s Board of Directors,
ahead of the 17th BRICS Summit.
• With the addition of Colombia and Uzbekistan, the NDB’s total membership has increased to 11
countries.
• Current members include:Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (founding members)
• Bangladesh, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Algeria, Colombia, and Uzbekistan.
Three Public Sector Units Own 23% Stake in NSE Worth Over ₹1.3 Lakh Crore at ₹2,325 Share
Price
• Three Public Sector Units (PSUs) hold a combined 23% stake in the National Stock
Exchange (NSE), valued at over ₹1.3 lakh crore based on a share price of ₹2,325.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The PSUs include: LIC (10.7% stake, ₹61,525 crore), Stock Holding Corporation of India
(SHCIL) (4.4%, ₹25,300 crore), SBI (3.23%) and SBI Caps (4.33%) with a combined SBI value
of approx. ₹43,470 crore.
• NSE’s current market capitalization stands at ₹5.75 lakh crore.
• NSE is the world’s largest exchange by derivative contracts traded and the seventh largest
globally by market cap of listed firms (as of May 31, 2025).
All Indian Post Offices to Accept UPI Digital Payments at Counters by August 2025: Department
of Posts
• The Department of Posts will enable all Indian post offices to accept digital payments via
UPI at their counters by August 2025.
• This initiative is part of IT 2.0, a major overhaul of IT infrastructure incorporating dynamic QR
code-based payment systems for faster, safer, and easier postal transactions.
• The Department of Posts has played a key role in financial inclusion through products
like India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) but previously lacked digital payment acceptance at
counters, limiting convenience for over 500 million consumers.
Finance Ministry extends deadline for choosing Unified Pension Scheme and National Pension
System to September 30, 2025 from June 30, 2025
• The Finance Ministry has extended the deadline to choose between Unified Pension
Scheme (UPS) and National Pension System (NPS) to September 30, 2025, from the earlier
deadline of June 30, 2025.
• The extension provides more time for central government employees to decide whether
to switch to UPS or stay with NPS.
• The Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) was launched on April 1, 2025, as an alternative to NPS.
Gujarat Becomes India’s Third State to Surpass 1 Crore Stock Market Investors:
NSE
• Gujarat has become the third state in India to record over 1 crore registered stock market
investors, according to the National Stock Exchange (NSE)
• Gujarat has joined Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh in crossing the one-crore investor
• Together, these three states account for 36% of the total stock market investor base in India.
• However, from February to May 2025, the growth rate slowed down, with an average of 10.8
lakh new investors per month, compared to 19.3 lakh per month in the calendar year 2024.
Green Climate Fund Approves $200 Million for Asian Development Bank-Led Programme to
Accelerate Clean Energy Investment in India

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The Green Climate Fund (GCF), the world’s largest climate fund, approved $200 million for a
new Asian Development Bank (ADB)-led programme to boost large-scale public and private
investment in emerging clean energy sectors in India.
• Approval took place during GCF’s 42nd Board meeting on July 1, 2025.
• The funding supports ADB’s India Green Finance Facility (IGFF), a blended finance
program aimed at crowd-in investment from India’s development finance institutions
(DFIs) and the private sector.
• This is ADB’s first partnership with GCF in India and aims to catalyse uptake of emerging
clean technologies and strengthen the capacity of India’s financial institutions to scale up
climate action.
Agri-Fintech Dvara E-Registry Introduces Micro LAP Product Offering Secured Credit to Small
Farmers and Agri-Value Chain Participants in India
• Agri-fintech start-up Dvara E-Registry has launched a Micro Loan Against Property (Micro
LAP) product to provide secured, asset-backed credit to small and marginal farmers and
other participants in India’s agricultural value chain.
• The Micro LAP enables farmers to leverage immovable assets to access credit for enterprise
growth, diversification, and livelihood stability.
• The launch coincides with Dvara E-Registry crossing ₹150 crore in cumulative
disbursements.
Trinidad and Tobago Becomes First Caribbean Nation and 8th Country to Adopt UPI for Indian
Travelers via Local Partnership
• Trinidad and Tobago became the 8th country and the first in the Caribbean to adopt Unified
Payments Interface (UPI) for Indian travelers through a local partnership.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated the country for integrating the digital payment
system via the BHIM app.
• Modi visited Trinidad and Tobago from July 3–4, 2025, at the invitation of Kamla Persad-
Bissessar, the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago.
About Trinidad and Tobago :
• President : Christine Kangaloo
• Prime Minister : Kamla Persad-Bissessar
• Capital : Port of Spain
• Currency : Trinidad and Tobago dollar
HDFC Life Partners with IIT Bombay’s Society for Innovation & Entrepreneurship to Launch

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

‘InsUReka’ Innovation Challenge for Indian Startups

• HDFC Life, in collaboration with Society for Innovation & Entrepreneurship (SINE), IIT
Bombay, has launched the ‘HDFC Life InsUReka’ innovation challenge for startups across
India.
• The initiative aims to promote technology-driven innovation in the life insurance sector by
inviting startups to develop solutions that enhance customer experience.
• HDFC Life is a subsidiary of HDFC Bank Limited, one of India’s leading private sector
banks.
About SINE :
• SINE is a technology business incubator (TBI) at IIT Bombay, established in 2004, dedicated
to fostering entrepreneurship and supporting start-up ecosystems.
Reserve Bank of India Revises Operating Hours for Standing Deposit Facility and Marginal
Standing Facility
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has revised the operating hours for the Standing Deposit
Facility (SDF) and Marginal Standing Facility (MSF).
• Effective July 1, 2025, both SDF and MSF will be available from 7:00 PM to 11:59 PM on all
days.
• This revision aligns with the revised call money market timings, which also start at 7:00 PM.
• Previously, the operational hours for SDF and MSF were from 5:30 PM to 11:59 PM.
Reserve Bank of India Sets Premature Redemption Price of ₹9,630 per Unit for Sovereign Gold
Bond 2017–18 Series X
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced the premature redemption price for Sovereign
Gold Bond (SGB) 2017–18 Series X, scheduled for June 4, 2025, fixed at ₹9,630 per unit.
• The redemption price is based on the simple average of closing gold prices (999
purity) published by the India Bullion and Jewellers Association Ltd (IBJA) for the three
preceding business days: May 30, June 2, and June 3,
• The Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme was launched by the Government of India in November
2015, under the Gold Monetization Scheme.
• Scheduled Commercial Banks (excluding RRBs), designated Post Offices, SHCIL, NSE,
and BSE are authorized to receive applications directly or through agents.
Securities and Exchange Board of India Proposes Permitting Credit Rating Agencies to Assess
Instruments Outside Its Regulatory Purview

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) on July 9, 2025, proposed allowing credit
rating agencies to rate financial instruments regulated by other financial sector regulators.
• Agencies expanding ratings to such instruments must set up a new unit within six months, as
per SEBI’s consultation paper.
• Under SEBI Chairman Tuhin Kanta Pandey, the regulator has adopted a more pragmatic
approach and relaxed certain regulations.
Reserve Bank of India Releases Draft Guidelines to Regulate Novation of Over-the-Counter
Derivative Contracts
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued draft Directions 2025 to regulate novation in
Over-the-Counter (OTC) derivative contracts under Section 45W of the RBI Act, 1934.
• Novation is the replacement of one counterparty in a derivative contract with another,
requiring consent from the continuing counterparty.
• An Over-the-Counter (OTC) derivative refers to a non-exchange-traded derivative, including
those on electronic trading platforms.
• All novated contracts must be reported by market-makers to the Clearing Corporation of
India Ltd (CCIL) trade repository.
Nvidia Surpasses $4 Trillion Valuation, Equals 75% of India’s Total Equity Market Capitalization
• Nvidia became the first company to cross a $4 trillion market valuation milestone, a historic
achievement in the tech and AI sectors.
• Its current market cap is approximately 75% of India’s total equity market capitalization.
• Nvidia’s market value surpasses the total market capitalization of every country except the US,
China, Japan, Hong Kong, and India.
• The company’s stock price surged to about $164 per share as of July 2025, marking a 74% rally
since April 2025.
Reserve Bank of India May Adopt Secured Rate as New Operational Benchmark for Policy
Transmission
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is considering replacing the unsecured Weighted Average
Call Rate (WACR) with a secured rate for effective monetary policy transmissi006Fn.
• Possible alternatives include the Tri-Party Repo Dealing System (TREPS) rate or the newly
introduced Secured Overnight Rupee Rate (SORR).
• This recommendation comes from Japanese brokerage firm Nomura in a recent report.
• A secured rate would better reflect short-term funding conditions and align India with global
best practices.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

About RBI :
• Established : 1 April 1935
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• Governor : Sanjay Malhotra
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank Grants $100 Million Funding to IIFL Home Finance
• IIFL Home Finance Ltd (IIFL HFL) received $100 million (approx. ₹858 crore) in financing from
the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) on July 12, 2025.
• The partnership aims to enhance access to affordable housing finance for Economically
Weaker Sections (EWS) and Lower Income Groups (LIG).
• The initiative will also promote green building standards to support climate-conscious
housing development.
AU Small Finance Bank to Offer LIC Insurance Products
• The LIC (Life Insurance Corporation of India) and AU Small Finance Bank have entered into
a corporate agency tie-up.
• Under this arrangement, AU Small Finance Bank will distribute LIC’s products such
as annuity, ULIP, term insurance, and savings across its branches and digital channels.
• The partnership was officially launched on 14th July, 2025
About LIC :
• Founded : 1 September 1956
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
About AU Small Finance Bank :
• Founded: 1996
• Headquarters : Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
• MD & CEO : Sanjay Agarwal
Ageas Federal Life Insurance Unveils India Sector Leaders Fund
• Ageas Federal Life Insurance launched the India Sector Leaders Fund targeting investors
with a medium- to long-term investment horizon.
• The fund’s New Fund Offer (NFO) starts from July 14, with a flat ₹10 Net Asset Value (NAV) at
launch.
• The fund aims to deliver strong returns by investing in leading stocks of the BSE India Sector
Leaders Index.
• It covers 22 diverse sectors based on the India Industry Classification Structure, ensuring
a broad and sector-diversified portfolio.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development initiates RuralTech CoLab to boost rural
technology start-up ecosystem
• The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has
launched RuralTech CoLab, a unified portal to bring together the rural tech start-up
ecosystem.
• The portal provides a platform for fintech, agritech, and digital capability partners to
promote innovation and co-create smart, scalable, and inclusive solutions.
• The portal offers access to NABARD’s grassroots network, which includes: Self-help groups
(SHGs), Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs), Non-governmental organisations (NGOs),
Cooperative banks, Other rural institutions
About NABARD:
• It is an All India Development Financial Institution (DFI) and an apex Supervisory Body for overall
supervision of Regional Rural Banks, State Cooperative Banks and District Central Cooperative
Banks in India.
• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Founded: July 12, 1982 by the Government of India
• Chairman: Shaji K V
EximPe Gets In-Principle Approval for Cross-Border Payment Aggregator License
• EximPe, a cross-border payments startup, has secured the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI)
in-principle approval for a Payment Aggregator Cross-Border (PA-CB)
licence covering Export and Import
• The company plans to offer cross-border pay-ins and pay-outs for:Digital services, E-
commerce, Business-to-business (B2B) goods trade
• EximPe targets entities across emerging Asian markets.
Securities and Exchange Board of India Introduces Settlement Scheme for Venture Capital
Funds, Effective from July 21, 2025
• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) announced the VCF Settlement
Scheme, 2025 for venture capital funds (VCFs) whose liquidation periods have expired but
are not yet wound up.
• The scheme will be effective from July 21, 2025 and will remain open until January 19, 2026.
• The scheme was approved by the SEBI board during its June 2025 quarterly meeting.
About SEBI :

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Established : 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January
1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Chairman : Tuhin Kanta Pandey
• SEBI is the regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India under the ownership of
the Ministry of Finance (MoF), GoI.
Indian Overseas Bank Lowers Marginal Cost of Funds Based Lending Rate by 10 Basis Points
for All Tenures
• Indian Overseas Bank has reduced its Marginal Cost of Funds Based Lending Rate (MCLR)
by 10 basis points across all tenures, effective July 15, 2025.
• The decision was taken by the bank’s Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) in a
meeting held on July 14, 2025.
• The MCLR cut follows the bank’s earlier reduction of its Repo Linked Lending Rate
(RLLR) by 50 basis points, from 8.85% to 8.35%, effective June 12, 2025.
About IOB :
• Founded: 10 February 1937
• Headquarters: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• MD &CEO : Ajay Kumar Srivastava
NPCI International Expands UPI-PayNow Linkage by Adding 13 More Banks to Facilitate
Remittances
• NPCI International Payments Ltd (NIPL), the international arm of National Payments
Corporation of India (NPCI), has added 13 more banks to the UPI-PayNow real-time
payment linkage.
• This expansion extends the reach and simplifies cross-border remittances between India
and Singapore.
• The expanded network in India now includes 19 banks, such as:Bank of Baroda, Bank of
India, Canara Bank, Central Bank of India, Federal Bank, HDFC Bank, IDFC FIRST Bank,
IndusInd Bank, Karur Vysya Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Punjab National Bank, South
Indian Bank, UCO Bank, Axis Bank, DBS Bank India, ICICI Bank, Indian Bank, Indian
Overseas Bank, and State Bank of India.
About NPCI:
• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• Founded: 2008

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• CEO: Dilip Asbe

• Key Initiatives: Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), RuPay
(domestic card payment network), Bharat Bill Payment System (BBPS), Aadhaar Enabled
Payment System (AePS)
Finance Minister Unveils Major Infrastructure Initiatives in Meghalaya
• Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman laid foundation stones and inaugurated multiple
projects worth ₹1,087.81 crore in Meghalaya.
• She praised Meghalaya’s steady growth and effective utilisation of its ₹5,400 crore
allocation under the Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment scheme.
• The Finance Minister lauded Meghalaya’s success in flagship schemes such as:
• Jal Jeevan Mission
• PM Awas Yojana
• PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana
• Swachh Bharat Mission
Murugappa Group’s Cholamandalam Launches Chola Chess to Nurture Chess Talent Across
India
• Cholamandalam Investment and Finance Company (Chola), a part of the Murugappa Group,
has launched Chola Chess, a CSR initiative aimed at discovering and nurturing chess
talent across India.
• The initiative is in collaboration with Chess Gurukul and focuses on early-stage chess talent
development, especially among children at the grassroots level.
• Chola is a leading Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) in India.
India to Establish Its First Protection and Indemnity (P&I) Entity for Marine Insurance
• The Indian government is establishing its first Protection and Indemnity (P&I) entity,
named India Club.
• This initiative aims to provide third-party insurance for Indian ships operating in coastal and
inland waterways.
• Shipping Secretary T.K. Ramachandran announced that domestic companies will be
involved in providing the insurance, reducing dependence on global P&I clubs.
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman Outlines Roadmap to Achieve $200 Billion Gross Value
Addition by 2030
• Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman highlighted the rapid growth of Global Capability
Centres (GCCs) in India.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The first 1,000 GCCs took nearly 30 years to establish, while the next 1,000 were added in just
the past decade.
• India currently hosts about 1,800 GCCs, employing approximately 2.16 million professionals.
• The Gross Value Addition (GVA) from GCCs is projected to reach $200 billion by 2030.
HSBC Withdraws from Net-Zero Banking Alliance
• HSBC has exited the Net-Zero Banking Alliance (NZBA), becoming the first major UK
bank to do so.
• Despite the exit, HSBC reaffirmed its commitment to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.
• HSBC was a founding member of the NZBA, which is a UN-backed coalition aimed at aligning
banking activities with the 5°C global warming limit.
• The bank cited global political pressures, especially from the U.S. Republican lawmakers,
who warned financial institutions about legal risks and anti-ESG backlash.
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India forms panels to investigate regulatory
breaches by insurers and intermediaries
• Insurance regulator Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has
formed panels of whole-time members to investigate violations of regulatory
norms by insurers and intermediaries.
• This decision was approved during IRDAI’s 132nd meeting amid increasing cases of mis-
selling, particularly through bancassurance, and issues related to claim settlements.
About IRDAI:
• Headquarters (HQ): Hyderabad, Telangana, India
• Chairperson: Debasish Panda
• Founded: 1999
• IRDAI consists of a Chairman, five full-time members, and four part-time members, all
appointed by the Government of India.
India’s Cumulative Exports Rise by 5.94% to $210.31 Billion in April–June 2025
• Total exports (merchandise + services) for June 2025 estimated at US$ 67.98 billion, showing
a 6.5% increase over June 2024.
• For the April–June 2025 quarter, total exports rose by 5.94% to US$ 210.31 billion, imports
increased by 4.38% to US$ 230.62 billion.
• Trade deficit reduced to US$ 20.31 billion (from US$ 22.42 billion in Q1 FY25).
Securities and Exchange Board of India renews recognition of Multi Commodity Exchange
Clearing Corporation Limited for three years (2025–2028)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has renewed the recognition of Multi
Commodity Exchange Clearing Corporation Ltd (MCXCCL) as a clearing corporation for
three more years (July 31, 2025 – July 30, 2028).
● The renewal is done in the interest of trade, the securities market, and the public.
● MCXCCL, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited
(MCX), ensures smooth and secure clearing and settlement of commodity trades.
About SEBI :
● Established : 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30
January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992
● Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
● Chairman : Tuhin Kanta Pandey
● SEBI is the regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India under the
ownership of the Ministry of Finance (MoF), GoI.
Fino Payments Bank Unveils “GATI” Savings Account to Boost Accessible and Seamless Digital
Banking
● Fino Payments Bank launched the “GATI” savings account aimed at promoting affordable
and convenient digital banking.
● The account is designed for instant transactions immediately after opening.
● It targets rural and semi-urban customers transitioning from phygital (physical + digital) to
digital platforms via UPI.
● The zero-balance account can be opened instantly for a one-time fee of Rs 100 at over
40,301 merchant points in West Bengal.
● There is a quarterly maintenance charge of Rs 50.
About Fino Payments Bank:
● Founded: 2017
● Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● Managing Director & CEO: Rishi Gupta
Global Finance Magazine Names State Bank of India (SBI) as World’s Best Consumer Bank for
2025
● State Bank of India (SBI) has been adjudged the World’s Best Consumer Bank for 2025
by Global Finance magazine.
● The award is based on comprehensive research and analysis, including insights from
corporate finance executives, analysts, and bankers worldwide.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The award will be presented to SBI Chairman, Shri C.S. Setty, at the World’s Best Bank
event in Washington, D.C., on October 18, 2025, during the IMF/World Bank Annual
Meetings.
● The World’s Best Bank awards evaluate institutions across 150+ countries and 11 global
regions, based on editorial analysis and financial professional insights.
● Other notable awards include:
● World’s Best Bank – Societe Generale
● World’s Best Corporate Bank – BBVA
● World’s Best Emerging Market Bank – J.P. Morgan
About State Bank of India (SBI):
● Founded Year: 1955
● Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● Chairman: Challa Sreenivasulu Setty
● Slogan: “The Banker to Every Indian”
Tesla Enters India, Chooses Liberty General and ACKO as Insurance Partners for Digital-First
Coverage
● Tesla has announced its entry into India and selected Liberty General Insurance and ACKO
as its preferred insurance partners to offer tailored, digital-first protection plans for Indian
Tesla customers.
● Liberty General Insurance emphasized its specialized cover designed to match Tesla’s
innovation.
About Liberty General Insurance :
● Founded : 2013
● Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● CEO & Whole-Time Director : Parag Ved
● It is a joint venture among US property casualty insurer Liberty Mutual Insurance Group,
Indian private investment fund Enam Securities, and Indian industrial conglomerate DP Jindal
Group.
International Monetary Fund Report States India Emerges as Global Leader in Fast Payments
● According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) report Growing Retail Digital Payments:
The Value of Interoperability, India has emerged as the global leader in fast payments.
● Unified Payments Interface (UPI), launched in 2016 by the National Payments
Corporation of India (NPCI), revolutionized how people send and receive money in India.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● UPI processes over 18 billion transactions every month in India.

● UPI is live in 7 countries including UAE, Singapore, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, France, and
Mauritius; Cyprus became the second European country to adopt UPI; Namibia is set to
become the first African nation to adopt UPI.
CoinDCX Launches Bounty Programme to Recover $44 Million in Stolen Crypto Assets
● CoinDCX, India’s cryptocurrency exchange, announced a recovery bounty programme to
retrieve $44 million worth of crypto assets stolen on July 19, 2025.
● The bounty pool could be up to $11 million if there is a full recovery of stolen assets.
India’s Per Capita Vegetable Oil Intake Projected to Reach 12.68 kg by 2034
● According to the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2025–34, India’s per capita
consumption of vegetable oils is expected to reach 12.68 kg per person by 2034.
● India is the world’s second-largest consumer and leading importer of vegetable oil.
● The per capita food consumption growth in India is projected at 2.5% per annum.
About Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD):
● Founded: 30 September 1961
● Headquarters: Paris, France
● Membership: 38 member countries
● Motto: “Better Policies for Better Lives”
Government Began Structural Consolidation of Regional Rural Banks in FY 2005-06 to Enhance
Viability and Achieve Economies of Scale
● Government of India initiated structural consolidation of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs)
starting from FY 2005-06 to improve operational viability and benefit from economies of
scale.
Key Highlights :
● Phase-I amalgamation (2005-2010): Number of RRBs reduced from 196 to 82 by merging
RRBs of the same Sponsor Bank within a state.
● Phase-II amalgamation (2012-2014): Number of RRBs reduced from 82 to 56 by merging
RRBs across Sponsor Banks within states with geographically contiguous areas.
● Phase-III amalgamation (2019 onwards): Weaker RRBs were merged with stronger ones,
reducing RRBs from 56 to 43 by March 2021.
About Ministry of Finance:
● Cabinet Minister: Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman
● Minister of State (MoS): Shri Pankaj Chaudhary, Dr. Bhagwat Kishanrao Karad

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Reserve Bank of India’s Financial Inclusion Index Reaches 67 in March 2025, Indicating Growth
● The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Financial Inclusion Index increased to 67 in FY25
(March 2025) from 64.2 in FY24.
● The growth was observed across all sub-indices — Access, Usage, and Quality.
● The improvement is mainly contributed by the Usage and Quality dimensions, showing
deepening of financial inclusion and effective financial literacy initiatives.
● The index reflects a shift from mere access to real usage and trust in financial services,
indicating success in bringing underserved communities into the formal financial system.
● The Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index) was first published in August 2021 for FY21.
● The FI-Index is a comprehensive index covering banking, investments, insurance, postal,
and pension sectors, developed with inputs from the government and sectoral regulators.
● The index ranges from 0 to 100, where 0 means complete financial exclusion and 100 means
full financial inclusion.
● The FI-Index has three parameters with weightage:
● Access (35%)
● Usage (45%)
● Quality (20%)
About RBI:
● Established : 1 April 1935
● Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● Governor : Sanjay Malhotra
India’s Domestic Economy Remains Resilient in June-July Despite Global Geopolitical and Trade
Uncertainties: RBI Report
● India’s domestic economy showed resilience in June and July amid global
macroeconomic uncertainty caused by geopolitical tensions and trade-related risks (RBI
report).
● Improved prospects for kharif (monsoon) crops, steady momentum in the services
sector, and modest industrial growth supported overall economic activity.
Reserve Bank of India announces ₹50,000 crore 2-day Variable Rate Repo auction to ease liquidity
after call rate surpasses repo rate
● Reserve Bank of India (RBI) conducted a two-day Variable Rate Repo (VRR) auction to
ease overnight money market rates.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Early trading showed Weighted Average Call Rate (WACR) at 6.78%, which was above the
Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) rate of 5.75%.
● RBI announced a ₹50,000 crore VRR auction to infuse liquidity and bring down rates.
India Needs $2.4 Trillion by 2050 for Resilient and Low-Carbon Urban Infrastructure: World Bank
● India requires investments of over $2.4 trillion by 2050 to develop new, resilient, and low-
carbon infrastructure and services in cities, according to the World Bank report titled
‘Towards Resilient and Prosperous Cities in India’.
● India’s urban population is expected to nearly double to 951 million by 2050, requiring
more than 144 million new homes by 2070.
● The report studied 24 Indian cities, with focus on Chennai, Indore, New Delhi, Lucknow,
Surat, and Thiruvananthapuram.
About World Bank:
● The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the
governments of low and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.
● The World Bank consists of 5 institutions: The International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD), The International Development Association (IDA), The International
Finance Corporation (IFC), The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and The
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).
● Founded Year: 1944
● Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States
● President: Ajay Banga
● Members:189 countries
SBI Research urges balanced GST enforcement to prevent small businesses from reverting to
informal cash economy
● GST enforcement should be balanced with sensitivity to avoid driving small businesses
back to the informal cash-based economy, says SBI Research.
● Aggressive scrutiny based on UPI transactions has led to small merchants in Karnataka
preferring cash transactions due to GST notices.
● SBI Research warns that while the indirect tax regime has improved accountability and
revenue generation, its long-term success depends on empowering small traders rather
than penalising
● There are currently over 15.2 million active GST registrations in India.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Gross non-performing assets of Public Sector Banks Drop from 9.11% in March 2021 to 2.58% in
March 2025
● Gross non-performing assets (NPAs) of public sector banks declined from 9.11%
(₹6,16,616 crore) in March 2021 to 2.58% (₹2,83,650 crore) in March 2025.
Asian Development Bank & India Ratings Cut India’s FY26 GDP Forecast to 6.3–6.5% Due to US
Tariffs and Weak Demand
● Global uncertainties due to US tariff hikes have raised concerns over India’s domestic
growth slowdown in FY26.
● Asian Development Bank (ADB) lowered India’s GDP growth forecast for FY26 to 6.5%
from 6.7% citing trade uncertainty and higher US tariffs impacting exports and
investment.
● ADB stated India remains one of the fastest-growing major economies despite the revision.
● India Ratings and Research scaled down its GDP growth forecast for FY26 to 6.3% from an
earlier forecast of 6.6% (December 2024), citing global uncertainties and a weaker
investment climate.
About Asian Development Bank (ADB):
● Headquarters: Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines
● Founded: 1966
● President: Masato Kandaassa
● Members: 69
Hong Kong Monetary Authority fines Indian Overseas Bank’s Hong Kong branch HK$850,000 for
AML and counter-terrorism violations
● The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) penalised the Hong Kong branch of Indian
Overseas Bank (IOB) for money laundering and counter-terrorist financing violations.
● The penalty amount is HK$850,000 (around ₹9.3 crore).
● IOB was directed to review transaction alerts generated by its transaction monitoring
system.
● IOB must submit a remedial plan to address the violations.
About Indian Overseas Bank:
● Founded: 1937
● Headquarters: Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
● MD & CEO: Ajay Kumar Srivastava
● Tagline: “A friend you can bank upon”

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Shriram Life Insurance Collaborates with ESAF Small Finance Bank to Reach Underserved
Customers
● Shriram Life Insurance Company (SLIC) has partnered with ESAF Small Finance Bank to
expand the reach of life insurance products.
● Under the partnership, ESAF Bank will act as a corporate agent for Shriram Life,
distributing insurance through its branch network.
● The focus is on first-time insurance buyers, low-income families, and rural households.
● ESAF Small Finance Bank received its banking licence from RBI in November 2016 and
started operations on March 10, 2017.
● Paul Thomas is the Managing Director & CEO of ESAF Small Finance Bank.
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Hosts Joint Regulators Committee to Tackle Spam and
Cyber Fraud
● The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) hosted a Joint Committee of
Regulators (JCoR) meeting in New Delhi with representatives from RBI, SEBI, IRDAI,
PFRDA, MeitY, DoT, MHA, and NPCI to coordinate actions against spam, cyber fraud, and
telecom misuse.
● Regulators discussed an urgent transition to the 1600-series for commercial calls
specifically for transactional and service calls in the banking, financial services, and
insurance (BFSI) sectors, setting timelines for this migration.
● The meeting was chaired by TRAI Chairman, Shri Anil Kumar Lahoti.
About TRAI :
● Headquarters : New Delhi
● Chairperson : Anil Kumar Lahoti
● Secretary : Atul Chaudhary
● The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) is a regulatory body for the
telecommunications sector in India.
● It was established under Section 3 of the TRAI Act, 1997.
● TRAI was set up by the Government of India.
● The authority regulates telecom services including fixation/revision of tariffs for
telecom services.
● TRAI consists of:1 Chairperson, Not more than 2 full-time members, Not more than 2
part-time members
About Ministry of Communications :

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Cabinet Minister : Jyotiraditya Scindia

● Chairman of Telecom Commission and Telecom Secretary : Neeraj Mittal
Equitas Small Finance Bank unveils FCNR (B) deposits and Explorer savings accounts for Non-
Resident Indians and seafarers
● Equitas Small Finance Bank launched two new products targeting Non-Resident Indians
(NRIs) and seafarers:
1. Foreign Currency Non-Resident (FCNR) (B) Deposit
2. Equitas Explorer Savings Account
● The bank estimates over 285,454 Indian seafarers and maritime professionals globally
(Directorate General of Shipping, 2023) and more than 35.4 million NRIs worldwide.
About Equitas Small Finance Bank:
● Founded: 2007
● Headquarters: Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
● Managing Director & CEO: P. N. Vasudevan
● Tagline: “It’s Fun Banking”
Export Promotion Mission to Boost Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Exports
● The Export Promotion Mission, announced in the Union Budget 2025-26, is a collaborative
initiative by the Ministries of Commerce and Industry, Micro, Small and Medium
Enterprises (MSME), and Finance.
● Led by the Department of Commerce, the mission aims to enhance export competitiveness
by improving access to export credit, enabling cross-border factoring, and helping MSMEs
tackle non-tariff barriers in international markets.
Alphabet CEO Sundar Pichai Joins Billionaire Club with $1.1 Billion Net Worth
● Sundar Pichai, the CEO of Alphabet Inc., has reached a personal net worth of $1.1 billion,
marking a major milestone driven by Alphabet’s soaring stock performance and
aggressive investments in Artificial Intelligence (AI).
● Pichai’s journey from Tamil Nadu to the top of the global tech world showcases his
exceptional leadership and long-term vision.
1,629 Corporate Borrowers Identified as Wilful Defaulters by PSBs, Loans Worth ₹1.62 Trillion
Unpaid
● The Union Finance Ministry informed that public sector banks (PSBs) have identified
1,629 unique corporate borrowers as wilful defaulters, with outstanding dues of ₹1.62
trillion as of March 31, 2025.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● This data was shared in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha by Minister of State for Finance,
Pankaj Chaudhary.
Insurance Regulatory & Development Authority of India to Introduce Internal Insurance
Ombudsman in All Insurance Companies to Enhance Policyholder Protection and Trust
● The Insurance Regulatory & Development Authority of India plans to introduce an Internal
Insurance Ombudsman in all insurance companies (except reinsurers) to strengthen
policyholder protection and boost trust.
● The ombudsman will handle unresolved or escalated complaints fairly, transparently, and
within a set timeframe.
● The framework applies to insurers with more than 3 years of operations (excluding
reinsurers).
Eligibility criteria for appointment:
● Minimum 20 years experience in the insurance industry.
● Should have held a post at least two levels below Board Director.
● Must not be currently or previously associated with the insurer or its group companies.
● Term of appointment: Fixed term of 3 years or till age 70, whichever is earlier.
● Minimum entry age: 55 years.
● The ombudsman will consider complaints that:
● Have not been responded to within 30 days by the insurer.
● Are partly or wholly rejected complaints where an appeal has been preferred.
About IRDAI:
● Headquarters (HQ): Hyderabad, Telangana, India
● Chairperson: Ajay Seth
● Founded: 1999
India’s Seafood Sector Set for 70% Export Surge to United Kingdom Following Comprehensive
Economic and Trade Agreement
● The India–United Kingdom (UK) Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement
(CETA) was signed on July 24, 2025, by PM Narendra Modi and UK PM Sir Keir Starmer.
● The agreement offers zero-duty access on 99% of tariff lines, including significant sectors
like marine products, textiles, leather, and gems & jewellery.
About the United Kingdom:
● Capital: London
● Currency: Pound Sterling (GBP)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Monarch: King Charles III

● Prime Minister: Keir Starmer
About Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying :
● Cabinet Minister : Lalan Sing
● Minister of State : S. P. Singh Baghel,George Kurian
Securities and Exchange Board of India Lifts Trading Restrictions on US-based Jane Street
Following ₹4,844 Crore Escrow Deposit
● The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has lifted trading restrictions on US-
based high-frequency trading firm Jane Street after it deposited ₹4,844 crore in an
escrow account.
What is an escrow account?
● An escrow account is a financial arrangement involving a neutral third party.
● The third party holds funds or assets on behalf of two or more parties involved in a
transaction.
● The funds or assets are released only when specific conditions are met.
● It ensures security and trust between parties by safeguarding the transaction process.
Federal Bank Introduces Biometric Authentication for E-commerce Card Transactions
● Federal Bank, in partnership with fintech firms M2P and MinkasuPay, launched the first-
ever biometric authentication solution for e-commerce card transactions.
● Customers can authenticate online purchases using fingerprint or face ID.
● The solution replaces OTP-based authentication with biometric verification, reducing
transaction time to 3–4 seconds.
● Enhances security and user experience by combining simplicity with strong protection.
About Federal Bank:
● Founded: 1931
● Headquarters: Aluva, Kerala, India
● Managing Director & CEO: KVS Manian
● Tagline: “Your Perfect Banking Partner”
Securities and Exchange Board of India and Stock Exchanges Revise Enhanced Surveillance
Mechanism for Companies with Market Cap Below ₹1,000 Crore, Effective July 28, 2025
● The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) along with stock exchanges has
revised the Enhanced Surveillance Mechanism (ESM) for companies with market
capitalization under ₹1,000 crore, effective July 28, 2025.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The revisions aim to fine-tune monitoring of small and micro-cap stocks and currently
benefit 28 companies under the surveillance framework.
India’s Largest Depository National Securities Depository Limited to Launch IPO from July 30 to
August 1,2025
● National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL), India’s largest depository, will launch its
IPO on July 30 and close on August 1, with anchor investors bidding on July 29.
● The IPO is an offer-for-sale; no new shares will be issued.
● Major shareholders like IDBI Bank, National Stock Exchange (NSE), HDFC Bank, and
State Bank of India (SBI) will reduce their stakes to comply with SEBI’s 15% ownership
cap for market infrastructure institutions.
● Current stakes include:
● IDBI Bank: 26.1%
● NSE: 24%
● HDFC Bank: 7.95%
● ICICI Securities, Axis Capital, and HSBC are the book running managers for the IPO.
● The IPO is expected to be one of India’s biggest public issues in 2025.
About National Securities Depository Limited :
● Founded : 1996
● Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● MD & CEO : Vijay Chandok
● Owners : IDBI Bank (26.1%), NSE (24%), HDFC Bank (8.9%), SUUTI (6.83%)
India Records Over 65,000 Crore Digital Transactions Worth Rs 12,000 Lakh Crore in Past 6
Financial Years
● The Government is actively collaborating with key stakeholders such as Reserve Bank of
India (RBI), National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), fintechs, banks, and State
Governments to enhance digital payments adoption, especially in tier-2 and tier-3 cities.
● The RBI established the Payments Infrastructure Development Fund (PIDF) in 2021 to
encourage deployment of digital payments acceptance infrastructure in tier-3 to tier-6
cities, North-Eastern States, and Jammu & Kashmir.
New Digital Credit Assessment Model Uses Real-Time Data to Accelerate Micro, Small and Medium
Enterprises Loan Approvals

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The New Digital Credit Assessment Model for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
(MSMEs) was announced in Union Budget 2024-25 and launched on 6th March 2025 by
the Union Finance Minister.
● The model mandates Public Sector Banks (PSBs) to build in-house capability for credit
assessment of MSMEs, moving away from external assessment
● It uses digital footprints of MSMEs for credit scoring, enabling automated loan appraisal
and model-based limit assessment for both Existing to Bank (ETB) and New to Bank
(NTB)
Over 74.7% of rural households anticipate income growth in the next year- NABARD survey
● Over 74.7% rural households expect their incomes to increase in the next one year,
according to a bi-monthly survey by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
Development (NABARD) in July 2025.
● This is the highest level of rural optimism since NABARD started the Rural Economic
Conditions and Sentiments Survey in September 2024.
● The survey attributes this positive sentiment partly to the satisfactory progress of the
southwest monsoon.
About NABARD:
● It is an All India Development Financial Institution (DFI) and an apex Supervisory Body for
overall supervision of Regional Rural Banks, State Cooperative Banks and District Central
Cooperative Banks in India.
● Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
● Founded: July 12, 1982 by the Government of India
● Chairman: Shaji K V
Reserve Bank of India Launches 111th Round of Quarterly Industrial Outlook Survey to Gauge
Manufacturing Sector Sentiments
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has launched the 111th round of the Quarterly Industrial
Outlook Survey (IOS) to assess business sentiments in the Indian manufacturing sector.
● The survey covers Q2:2025-26 (current quarter) and Q3:2025-26 (ensuing quarter), with
insights on demand conditions, financial conditions, employment conditions, and the
price situation.
● RBI has also launched the 46th round of the Services and Infrastructure Outlook Survey
(SIOS).

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Reserve Bank of India extends IndusInd Bank oversight committee tenure by one month till
August 28, 2025
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has extended the tenure of IndusInd Bank’s oversight
committee by one month until August 28, 2025.
● The extension comes as the bank continues its search for a new Managing Director (MD)
and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) following the resignation of Sumant Kathpalia.
● Kathpalia resigned on April 29, 2025, taking moral responsibility for accounting lapses in
the bank’s derivatives portfolio, which had a financial implication of ₹1,960 crore.
About IndusInd Bank:
● Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
● Founded Year: 1994
● Slogan: “We Make You Feel Richer”
Reserve Bank of India lifts Corrective Action Plan restrictions on Religare Finvest
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has withdrawn the Corrective Action Plan (CAP)
conditions imposed on Religare Finvest Limited (RFL) with immediate effect.
● There has been a change in management and directors of Religare Finvest.
● RFL, a material wholly-owned subsidiary of Religare Enterprises Limited (REL), operates
in the affordable housing finance
SBI Securities unveils zero-fee intraday trading plan for retail investors
● SBICAP Securities Limited launched ProZero, a new trading plan that eliminates
brokerage fees for intraday equity and derivative trades.
● The plan targets retail traders seeking cost-effective trading solutions in India’s
competitive brokerage market.
● Under ProZero, traders can execute intraday trades in equities, futures, and options
without paying brokerage charges.
● Other trading activities continue under SBI Securities’ existing flat fee structure of ₹20 per
order.
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India imposes ₹3.39 crore penalty on Star
Health for violating cyber security norms
● The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) imposed a penalty
of ₹3.39 crore and issued a warning to Star Health and Allied Insurance Company for
violating information and cyber security norms.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● There is a rising concern over norm violations by insurers, including a high incidence of mis-
selling.
● To strengthen enforcement, IRDAI has formed special panels comprising whole-time
members to address violations of the Insurance Act and related regulations by insurers and
intermediaries.
Reserve Bank of India caps total bank and NBFC exposure to Alternative Investment Funds at
20%, with single entity limit of 10%
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has capped the cumulative exposure of banks and Non
Banking Finance Companies (NBFCs) (regulated entities, REs) in Alternative Investment
Funds (AIFs) at 20%, with the contribution of a single RE capped at 10% of the scheme’s
corpus.
● Equity instruments as part of downstream investments made by REs in AIFs have been
excluded from the purview of the earlier restrictions.
What is an alternative investment fund (AIF)?
● An alternative investment fund (AIF) is a type of collective investment where funds are raised
from a number of investors with a view to investing them in accordance with a defined
investment policy.
India records 65,000 crore digital payment transactions worth ₹12,000 trillion in 6 years
● India recorded over 65,000 crore digital payment transactions worth ₹12,000 trillion during
the last six fiscal years (FY19 to FY25), indicating a major surge in digital payment adoption
across the country, including small towns and rural areas.
● This growth has helped reduce cash dependency and increase formal economic
participation.
Crisil report projects 7-9% revenue growth for India’s top 18 states in FY26
● According to the Crisil report, India’s 18 largest states account for over 90% of the
country’s GSDP and are expected to see 7-9% revenue growth in FY26, up from 6.6% in
FY25.
● This growth is slower than the decadal average of ~10% but will increase the cumulative
revenue to approx. ₹40 trillion in FY26 (from ₹37.26 trillion in FY25).
● Growth mainly driven by:
● Steady Goods and Services Tax (GST)
● Continued central government support through tax devolutions and grants.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

International Monetary Fund raises India’s GDP growth forecast to 6.4% for FY26 and FY27 amid
easing global trade tensions
● The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has raised India’s GDP growth projection to 6.4%
for both FY26 and FY27, citing a more accommodative external environment and
softening global trade frictions.
● This is an upward revision from the IMF’s April outlook, where it had cut India’s forecast by
30 bps for FY26 and 20 bps for FY27 due to geopolitical uncertainty and trade tensions.
● The World Economic Outlook update reflects improved global financial conditions, a
weakening US dollar, and a slight easing in tariff-related pressures.
About International Monetary Fund (IMF):
● The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a global financial institution that promotes
international monetary cooperation, financial stability, and economic growth while providing
financial assistance to member countries facing balance of payments issues.
● Founded Year: 1944
● Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States
● Managing Director: Kristalina Georgieva
● Members: 191 countries
Crisil projects ₹77,000 crore private investment in thermal power by FY28
● The thermal power sector is expected to attract an investment of ₹77,000 crore from
private sector players over the next three fiscal years (FY26–FY28).
● Overall investments in thermal power, including public sector companies, are projected to
double to ₹2.3 lakh crore in the next three years, according to Crisil Ratings.
India’s concert economy projected to create 1.2 crore jobs by 2032: Report
● India’s live concert industry is evolving from a niche segment to a significant economic
force.
● The concert economy is projected to generate up to 12 million jobs by 2032, driven by
growth in tier II and III cities and participation of global entertainment brands.
● Major global acts like Coldplay, Dua Lipa, Ed Sheeran, Guns N’ Roses, and others have
performed in India, boosting the sector.
● Besides major metros (Mumbai, Delhi, Bengaluru), emerging cities such as Guwahati,
Jaipur, Kochi, and Chandigarh are increasingly hosting large-scale concerts.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

Amit Shah Releases Book ‘The Emergency Diaries – Years that Forged a Leader’ on PM Modi’s
Role During Emergency
● Union Home Minister Amit Shah released a new book titled ‘The Emergency Diaries – Years
that Forged a Leader’ in New Delhi on the occasion of ‘Samvidhan Hatya Diwas’, chronicling
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s contributions during the Emergency (1975–77).
Uttar Pradesh Approves Two New Rhino Rehabilitation Areas in Dudhwa National Park
● The Uttar Pradesh government has sanctioned the establishment of two new Rhino
Rehabilitation Areas (RRA-3 and RRA-4) in Dudhwa National Park, Lakhimpur, with a
budget allocation of ₹1.5 crore, under a long-term conservation initiative by the Forest and
Wildlife Department.
● Sanctioned Budget: ₹1.5 crore
o ₹1.27 crore for habitat maintenance (natural areas, water bodies, vegetation).
o ₹7 lakh for wildlife medicines and chemicals.
o ₹7 lakh for monitoring devices, machinery, and equipment.
o ₹4.8 lakh for major construction work, ₹3 lakh for minor civil work.
New Model Rules Released to Simplify Tree-Felling in Agricultural Lands & Promote Agroforestry
● The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has issued the ‘Model
Rules for Felling of Trees in Agricultural Lands’ to cut red tape, spur agroforestry, and launch
a digital National Timber Management System (NTMS) portal for transparent approvals.
● Main Goal: Remove procedural barriers so farmers can integrate trees with crops, boosting
rural incomes and domestic timber supply.
India Imposes Port Entry Restrictions on Jute Imports from Bangladesh to Safeguard Domestic
Sector
● India has enforced new trade restrictions on jute and allied product imports from
Bangladesh, effective June 27, 2025, allowing entry only through Nhava Sheva port in
Mumbai, to protect its domestic jute industry from unfair trade practices.
● Restriction Effective From: June 27, 2025; applicable to all land and sea ports, except
Nhava Sheva (Mumbai).
● Reason for Action: To counter dumping and subsidized jute imports from Bangladesh that
harm Indian producers.
● Primary Objective: Protect livelihoods of nearly 4 lakh workers in India’s jute sector and
ensure fair trade practices.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Products Covered: Flax tow and waste, jute textile fibers, jute single yarn, woven and
unbleached jute fabrics.
● Geographical Impact: Major jute-producing states like West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Odisha,
Andhra Pradesh, Tripura, and Meghalaya.
Amit Shah Inaugurates National Turmeric Board Headquarters in Nizamabad, Telangana
● The Union Home Minister’s launch of the National Turmeric Board’s headquarters marks a
major push to empower turmeric farmers, enhance research, and scale up exports.
● Location – Nizamabad, Telangana: a leading turmeric-growing belt now hosts the board’s HQ,
fulfilling a long-standing farmer demand.
● Funding – ₹200 crore: earmarked for R&D, quality improvement, and farmer welfare, ensuring
better crop standards.
● Export Target – US $1 billion by 2030: the board will steer branding, packaging, and global
marketing to reach this goal.
ASEAN–India Cruise Dialogue Inaugurated in Chennai to Strengthen Maritime Tourism
● The first ASEAN–India Cruise Dialogue was held aboard the MV Empress at Chennai Port,
bringing together delegates from all 10 ASEAN member countries and Timor Leste to deepen
maritime cooperation, cruise connectivity, and sustainable tourism under India’s
Sagarmala and Act East initiatives.
● Participants: 30+ delegates from Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos PDR, Malaysia,
Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Timor Leste, alongside senior
MoPSW officials.
● Objectives:
o Strengthen maritime cooperation between India and ASEAN.
o Promote sustainable cruise tourism and develop cruise circuits in the Bay of Bengal and
Indian Ocean.
o Support Cruise Bharat Mission, Maritime India Vision 2030, and Maritime Amrit Kaal
2047.
India’s First Wooden Gurdwara ‘Sri Nanak Niwas’ Inaugurated in Fazilka, Punjab
● India’s first all-wooden Gurdwara, Sri Nanak Niwas, was inaugurated in Fazilka, Punjab, as a
unique symbol of spiritual devotion and architectural innovation, built by SSP Bhupinder
Singh Sidhu using Finnish Deodhar wood in just three months.
Ladakh Inaugurates First Astro Tourism Festival in Leh

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Ladakh’s Tourism Department, in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Astrophysics,

hosted a two-day Astro Tourism Festival in Leh to showcase the region’s prime conditions for
stargazing and promote science-driven tourism.
● Organizers: Ladakh Tourism Department with support from Indian Institute of Astrophysics,
Kashmir University, and ISRO scientists.
● Venues:
o Leh University Campus: telescope-guided constellation, planet, and deep-sky viewing.
o Hanle Dark Sky Reserve: globally recognized site for astronomy.
● Objectives:
o Establish Ladakh as India’s astro-tourism hub leveraging its high altitude, dry climate,
and low light pollution.
o Educate visitors on astronomy and space science.
o Integrate science tourism into local development strategies.
India Achieves 78% Reduction in Under-Five Mortality Rate, Outperforming Global Average
● India’s under-five mortality rate has fallen by 78%, surpassing the 61% global decline, as per
the 2024 UN IGME report, alongside a 70% drop in neonatal deaths.
● The 2024 UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) report has
recognized India’s exceptional progress in reducing both under-five and neonatal mortality at a
time when post-pandemic recovery and equity in health are under scrutiny.
● Key Achievements:
o Under-Five Mortality ↓ 78% (vs 61% global)
o Neonatal Mortality ↓ 70% (vs 54% global)
o Zero-Dose Children ↓ from 0.11% to 0.06% (2023–24)
● Contributing Factors – Universal Immunization Programme (UIP):
o Launched 1985; provides free vaccines for 12 preventable diseases (Polio, Measles,
Hepatitis B, etc.).
o Covers 2.9 crore pregnant women and 2.6 crore infants annually.
o Mission Indradhanush & Intensified Mission Indradhanush ensure last-mile reach in
remote and underserved areas.
Centre Approves ₹1,894 Crore PM MITRA Park in Tamil Nadu’s Virudhunagar District
● In a significant boost to Tamil Nadu’s ambition of becoming a global textile hub, the Union
Government has approved a ₹1,894 crore development plan for the PM MITRA (Pradhan
Mantri Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel) Park in Virudhunagar district.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Approval Announced By: Union Textiles Minister Giriraj Singh

● Project Area: 1,052 acres
● Completion Timeline: By September 2026
● Expected Investment: ₹10,000 crore
● Job Creation: 1 lakh employment opportunities
Union Cabinet Approves National Sports Policy to Transform India’s Sporting Ecosystem
● The National Sports Policy, approved on 1 July 2025, seeks to integrate sports into daily life,
bolster athlete development, and position India as a global sports powerhouse.
Cabinet Approves Employment Linked Incentive Scheme to Generate 3.5 Crore Jobs with ₹1 Lakh
Crore Outlay
● The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the Employment
Linked Incentive (ELI) Scheme on 1 July 2025, allocating nearly ₹1 lakh crore to create 3.5
crore formal jobs between 1 August 2025 and 31 July 2027, and strengthen youth
employability through first-time hiring incentives and employer support.
● Scheme Launch & Budget: Approved 1 July 2025 with a ₹1 lakh crore outlay as part of a
broader ₹2 lakh crore employment–skilling package.
● Job Creation Target: 3.5 crore formal jobs in 2 years (Aug 1, 2025–Jul 31, 2027).
Union Cabinet Approves ₹1,853 Crore Four-Lane Upgrade of NH-87 in Tamil Nadu
● The Union Cabinet sanctioned the 46.7 km four-lane expansion of the Paramakudi–
Ramanathapuram stretch of NH-87 under the Hybrid Annuity Mode, at an estimated cost of
₹1,853 crore to bolster connectivity, safety, and regional growth.
Union Cabinet Approves ₹1 Lakh Crore RDI Scheme to Boost Private Sector Innovation
● The Union Cabinet, on 1 July 2025, sanctioned a ₹1 lakh crore Research, Development &
Innovation (RDI) Scheme—offering long-term, low-interest funding for industry-led R&D in
sunrise and strategic sectors, under the strategic guidance of the Anusandhan National
Research Foundation (ANRF).
● Two-Tier Funding Structure:
o Tier 1 – Special Purpose Fund (SPF): Centralized within ANRF to allocate capital.
o Tier 2 – 2nd-Level Fund Managers: Disburse concessional long-term loans (low or nil
interest) to eligible private entities.
Gujarat Launches Jan Suraksha Santrupti Abhiyan to Expand Welfare Coverage

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel inaugurated the Jan Suraksha Santrupti Abhiyan in Gandhinagar
on 30 June 2025, kick-starting a three-month national drive (1 July–30 September 2025) to
ensure all eligible citizens access central social security schemes.
● Primary Aim: Achieve 100% coverage under flagship welfare programmes.
● Targeted Schemes:
o Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)
o Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)
o Atal Pension Yojana (APY)
o Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
Bengaluru City University to Be Renamed After Former Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh
● The Karnataka Cabinet approved renaming Bengaluru City University in honor of Dr.
Manmohan Singh, recognizing his transformative contributions to the city’s infrastructure, metro,
aviation, and academic development.
● Urban Infrastructure:Laid foundation for the Bangalore–Electronic City Elevated Highway (24
June 2006). Oversaw six-laning of NH-4 Bengaluru–Nelamangala stretch, including a 4 km
elevated corridor.
● Metro Milestones:Inaugurated Bengaluru Metro project (₹6,000 crore) on 24 June 2006.Flagged
off Namma Metro’s first stretch (Baiyappanahalli–MG Road) on 20 November 2011.
Indore Unveils India’s First QR-Coded Digital House Address System
● Under the Smart Cities Mission, the Indore Municipal Corporation in Madhya Pradesh has
rolled out a city-wide Digital House Address Project, replacing traditional addresses with QR-
coded metal plates linked to GPS coordinates and integrated into the national Digipin system, to
revolutionize urban service delivery and governance.
● Pioneering Initiative: India’s first official deployment of QR-based address plates, piloted
successfully in Ward 82, Sudama Nagar.
● QR-Coded Plates with GPS: Each home receives a unique QR code tied to exact geographic
coordinates, ensuring 100% address accuracy.
India to Build Three New Strategic Oil Reserves in Odisha, Rajasthan, and Gujarat
● To bolster energy security and prepare for global supply shocks, India will develop strategic crude
oil storage facilities at Chandikhole, Bikaner, and Rajkot, managed by ISPRL under the Ministry
of Petroleum.
Union Minister C.R. Patil Launches C-FLOOD, India’s First Unified Flood Forecasting Platform

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● C-FLOOD, a web-based inundation forecasting system developed by C-DAC, CWC, and NRSC
under the National Supercomputing Mission, was inaugurated to provide village-level, two-day
advance flood forecasts for enhanced disaster preparedness.
● Collaborating Agencies:
• Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC)
• Central Water Commission (CWC)
• National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
Savitribai Phule National Institute of Women and Child Development Inaugurated, Renaming
National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development
● The National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development (NIPCCD) has been
renamed as the Savitribai Phule National Institute of Women and Child Development, alongside
the launch of a new Regional Centre in Ranchi to strengthen regional training and outreach.
● Renaming to Honour Savitribai Phule: India’s first female teacher and pioneer of women’s
education and empowerment lends her name to the apex WCD training institute.
National Conference of Urban Local Body Chairpersons Inaugurated in Gurugram
● Lok Sabha Speaker Shri Om Birla inaugurated the first-ever national conference of Urban Local
Body Chairpersons from all States and Union Territories at ICAT, Manesar, Gurugram, aiming to
strengthen urban governance and amplify ULBs’ role in India’s democratic framework.
● Conference Duration & Venue: 3–4 July 2025 at the International Centre for Automotive
Technology (ICAT), Manesar, Gurugram.
● Theme: “Role of Urban Local Bodies in Strengthening Constitutional Democracy and Nation
Building.”
Ministry of Coal Launches RECLAIM Framework for Inclusive & Sustainable Mine Closure
● The RECLAIM Framework—Repurposing, Engagement, Community, Livelihoods, Assets,
Inclusivity, Mine-closure—was unveiled on 4 July 2025 to guide India’s mine-shutdown
strategy, ensuring community participation, social equity, and sustainable repurposing of
closed mining sites.
● Full Form – RECLAIM: Repurposing, Engagement, Community, Livelihoods, Assets,
Inclusivity, Mine-closure.
● Official Launch: 4 July 2025, by the Ministry of Coal as a hands-on tool for post-mining
transition.
● Aim: Facilitate equitable, transparent, and locally aligned mine closures with active
community engagement.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

NITI Aayog Urges Overhaul to Cut Chemical Sector Environmental Clearance to Six Months
● In its report “Chemical Industry: Powering India’s Participation in Global Value Chains,” NITI
Aayog highlights that 90% of chemical projects face delays, with average clearance taking 451
days—196 days longer than the prescribed 255-day limit—and proposes reforms to reduce this to
six months.
● Current Delay Crisis: Average EC time is 451 days (vs. 255 days standard); India’s process
exceeds the US one-year and EU 12–18 month timelines, inflating costs and stalling industrial
growth.
Puducherry Pioneers tuberculosis Screening in Family Adoption Programme
● Puducherry has become the first Union Territory in India to integrate tuberculosis screening into
the Family Adoption Programme (FAP), leveraging collaboration among medical colleges,
students, and the health department to strengthen early detection and community-based TB
elimination.
President Droupadi Murmu Inaugurates New Facilities at Mahayogi Gorakhnath University,
Gorakhpur
● The President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu, inaugurated an Auditorium, an Academic
Block, and a Panchkarma Kendra, and laid the foundation stone for a Girls’ Hostel at
Mahayogi Gorakhnath University, enhancing education, healthcare, and women’s empowerment
in eastern Uttar Pradesh.
Gujarat Enters One-Crore Investor Club, Joins Maharashtra & Uttar Pradesh
● Gujarat has become the third state in India to surpass one crore registered stock market
investors, according to the NSE’s latest data, underscoring its burgeoning financial participation.
● One-Crore Milestone: Gujarat joins Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh as the only states with 10
million+ investors, collectively accounting for 36% of India’s total investor base.
● National Investor Base: India hit 11.5 crore registered investors by May 2025, adding 11 lakh
new entrants that month (up 9% MoM).
Puri to Become Odisha’s Sixth Municipal Corporation
● Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi announced that Puri, one of India’s most revered
pilgrimage sites, will be upgraded to a municipal corporation.
● Sixth Municipal Corporation: Puri will join Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Sambalpur, Berhampur, and
Rourkela as the sixth municipal corporation in Odisha.
● This transformation aims to enhance civic services and manage the city’s increasing population
and footfall, especially during festivals like Rath Yatra and Bahuda Yatra.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Government Reduces Toll Rates by Up to 50% on Structured Highway Sections

● The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has introduced a new toll
calculation formula that will reduce toll charges by up to 50% on National Highway stretches
that include bridges, tunnels, flyovers, and elevated roads.
● The objective is to lower travel costs and boost the use of these roadways.
Kerala to Inaugurate State’s First Skin Bank at Thiruvananthapuram Medical College
● Kerala is set to launch its first-ever Skin Bank at Thiruvananthapuram Government Medical
College, coinciding with World Plastic Surgery Day.
● The facility, established at a cost of ₹6.75 crore, aims to provide crucial support to burn victims
across the state.
● It has received approval from the Kerala State Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (K-
SOTTO) for accepting skin donations.
● First Skin Bank in Kerala: The skin bank in Thiruvananthapuram Medical College will be the
state’s first dedicated facility to treat burn victims using donated skin.
● Inauguration on World Plastic Surgery Day: The facility will be inaugurated on July 15, aligning
with World Plastic Surgery Day, enhancing awareness about reconstructive burn treatment.
● Function of a Skin Bank: Skin banks store skin from donors, which can be used to replace
damaged skin in burn victims, thereby reducing pain and infection risk. The skin is preserved at
controlled temperatures for safe transplantation.
Netaji Subhas University of Sports and Entrepreneurship to Be Established in Bengal
● Bengal is set to host India’s first dedicated sports university, named Netaji Subhas University
of Sports and Entrepreneurship (NSUSE), in Chinsurah, Hooghly.
● Initiated by the Techno India Group, this private university will be a national first, blending sports
education with entrepreneurship, and promises to transform India’s sports and youth
empowerment landscape.
● The Netaji Subhash University of Sports and Entrepreneurship Bill, 2025, was recently passed
in the Bengal Assembly and awaits the Governor’s assent.
Chhattisgarh Approves State Logistics Policy 2025 to Boost Export and Infrastructure Efficiency
● The Chhattisgarh Cabinet has approved the State Logistics Policy 2025 with the objective of
transforming the centrally located state into a logistics and export hub.
● The policy is aligned with India’s National Logistics Policy and focuses on improving infrastructure,
reducing logistics costs, and enhancing export competitiveness.
Rajasthan Launches Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Poverty-Free Village Scheme

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Rajasthan government launched the Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Poverty-Free Village

Scheme, aiming to eliminate poverty in 5,000 villages.
• The initiative focuses on financial aid and employment support to make rural families self-
reliant and economically empowered.
• Financial Support to BPL Families: Selected families living below the poverty line (BPL) will
receive up to ₹1 lakh to start small businesses or income-generating work.
• Assistance for SHG Women: Women in self-help groups (SHGs) will get ₹15,000 per
family to enhance their income activities.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Participates in 17th BRICS Summit in Brazil Focused on Global
Governance and AI
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended the 17th BRICS Summit held in Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil, from 6–7 July 2025.
• The summit emphasized reforms in global institutions, peace and security, support for the
Global South, and the responsible development of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
• Call for Reform in Global Institutions: PM Modi urged the restructuring of outdated
institutions like the UN Security Council, IMF, World Bank, and WTO, stating they must
reflect 21st-century realities. He welcomed BRICS’ support for UN reforms in the Summit
Declaration.
India Launches First National Biobank at CSIR-IGIB for Advanced Health Research
• Union Minister Jitendra Singh inaugurated India’s first National Biobank at the CSIR-Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), New Delhi.
• The biobank, established under the Phenome India project, aims to transform healthcare by
enabling personalized and precision medicine using India’s own health and genetic data.
• Biobank to Store Diverse Data: The facility will collect and store health, genetic, and lifestyle
data from 10,000 individuals across India, designed to reflect the country’s diverse
population.
• Inspired by UK Biobank: While modeled on the UK Biobank, this initiative is customized for
Indian health needs, helping address diseases like cancer, diabetes, heart ailments, and rare
genetic conditions.
Himachal Pradesh Becomes First State to Use Aadhaar-Based Face Authentication for Ration
Distribution

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• In a major digital governance initiative, Himachal Pradesh has become the first Indian state to
implement Aadhaar-linked face recognition (FaceAuth) for ration delivery under the Public
Distribution System (PDS).
• This new identity verification method started in July 2025 to improve access and reliability of
ration services, especially in remote areas.
• First State to Launch FaceAuth for PDS: Himachal Pradesh is the first in India to adopt face
authentication linked to Aadhaar for ration distribution, replacing older systems
like fingerprints and OTPs.
India Ranked 4th Most Equal Country in the World-by-World Bank in 2025
• India has been ranked as the fourth most income-equal country globally in the World
Bank’s 2025 report, with a Gini Index score of 25.5.
• This reflects a significant achievement in promoting income equality in a nation as large and
diverse as India, and highlights the effectiveness of various poverty reduction
initiatives undertaken by the government.
• Gini Index Explained: The Gini Index measures income distribution, where 0 indicates perfect
equality and 100 total inequality. India’s score of 25.5 places it just behind Slovak Republic
(24.1), Slovenia (24.3), and Belarus (24.4).
India Becomes World’s 4th Largest Biofuel User in 2024, Surpassing China
• India has overtaken China to become the world’s fourth-largest biofuel consumer in 2024,
according to the Statistical Review of World Energy 2025.
• This marks the second consecutive year that India has stayed ahead of China in biofuel usage,
reflecting the country’s strong shift towards cleaner energy sources.
Top Global Biofuel Consumers: The leading biofuel consumers are:
1. United States – 856 kbbloe/d
2. Brazil
3. Indonesia
4. India
5. China
NITI Aayog Unveils 2nd North Eastern Region District Sustainable Development Goals Index
Report (2023–24)
• The second edition of the North Eastern Region (NER) District SDG Index Report (2023–
24) was released by NITI Aayog, in partnership with the Ministry of Development of North
Eastern Region (MoDoNER) and with UNDP support.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Building on the first edition (August 2021), this Index evaluates 121 districts across eight NER
states on their progress against the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), using NITI
Aayog’s SDG India Index
• Collaborative Launch: Unveiled by Shri Suman Bery (Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog), Shri
B.V.R. Subrahmanyam (CEO, NITI Aayog), Shri Chanchal Kumar (Secretary, MoDoNER),
and Dr. Angela Lusigi (UNDP India Representative).
Haryana to Establish Asia’s Largest Jungle Safari in the Aravalli Hills
• The Haryana government announced its plan to develop a 10,000-acre jungle safari in
the Aravalli Hills, aiming to conserve wildlife, promote eco-tourism, and create
employment for local communities.
• Asia’s Largest Safari: The project will span 10,000 acres, making it the biggest jungle safari
in Asia, designed with eco-friendly infrastructure and minimal disturbance to flora and fauna.
NTPC Simhadri Celebrates 28th Raising Day at Parawada, Andhra Pradesh
• NTPC Simhadri, India’s first coastal-based thermal power plant, celebrated its 28th Raising
Day on July 8, 2025, at its Parawada, Anakapalli campus, Andhra Pradesh.
• The event highlighted its journey of nearly three decades in sustainable power
generation, 100% ash utilization, and contributions to community development, under the
leadership of Executive Director Sameer Sharma.
• Established in 1997, NTPC Simhadri is a flagship coastal power station of NTPC Ltd.
• Achieved 100% ash utilization, demonstrating environmental responsibility by using all coal
ash generated in power production.
Union Minister Pradhan Inaugurates Uttar Pradesh Agritech Innovation Hub at SVPUAT, Meerut
• Union Minister for Education Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, alongside Minister of State Shri
Jayant Chaudhary, inaugurated the Uttar Pradesh Agritech Innovation Hub and the Agritech
Startup & Technology Showcase at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture &
Technology (SVPUAT), Meerut, to foster region-specific, sustainable agricultural solutions.
• Collaborative Platform: The Hub connects farmers, startups, academia, and Krishi Vigyan
Kendras (KVKs) to co-create precision-farming technologies.
• Next-Gen Technologies Deployed: Includes IoT-enabled sensors, smart irrigation
systems, automation tools, and real-time data analytics for climate-resilient agriculture.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Sets $20 Billion Trade Target with Brazil by 2030
• During his official visit to Brazil, Prime Minister Narendra Modi set an ambitious target to
raise India–Brazil bilateral trade to $20 billion by 2030, up from the current $12.2 billion.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The visit also saw the strengthening of economic, digital, and strategic ties between the two
countries, including the conferral of Brazil’s highest civilian award on PM Modi.
• Expansion of Mercosur Trade Agreement: India plans to broaden the Mercosur Preferential
Trade Agreement to enhance market access for Indian exporters, especially
in agriculture, food processing, agri-tech, and space technology.
Bihar Government Grants 35% Job Reservation to Domicile Women and Establishes Bihar Youth
Commission
• The Nitish Kumar-led Bihar Cabinet, approved a 35% horizontal reservation in state
government jobs exclusively for women domiciled in Bihar and sanctioned the creation of
the Bihar Youth Commission to drive local youth empowerment, education,
and employment initiatives.
• Domicile-Based Women’s Reservation: The 35% horizontal quota in direct
recruitment across all state government cadres is now restricted to women native to Bihar;
female candidates from other states will be classified under the general category.
Shivraj Singh Chouhan Launches 11th India Maize Summit with “Maize Revolution” Vision
• Union Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan inaugurated the 11th India Maize
Summit in New Delhi, organized by FICCI and ICAR–Indian Institute of Maize
Research (IIMR).
• He unveiled a comprehensive plan to boost maize output, elevate farmer incomes,
and promote sustainable maize farming across India.
• “Maize Revolution” Roadmap: Aims to raise maize production from 42 million t today to 86
million t by 2047, with a focus on farmers’ welfare, research-led practices, and modern
techniques.
Ministry of Information & Broadcasting Launches ‘Kalaa Setu’ Challenge to Foster AI Content
Tools in Indian Languages
• The Ministry of Information & Broadcasting (MIB) has introduced the ‘Kalaa Setu – Real-
Time Language Tech for Bharat’ Challenge via its WaveX Startup Accelerator.
• This national initiative invites startups to develop AI-powered tools that can automatically
convert text into video, graphics, or audio content across multiple Indian languages.
• Objective: Support startups in building scalable, easy-to-use AI solutions for real-time content
creation in regional languages.
Andhra Pradesh Unveils Smart Mosquito Surveillance System to Curb Mosquito-Borne Diseases

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The Andhra Pradesh government has launched the Smart Mosquito Surveillance System
(SMoSS)—an AI-driven framework employing drones, sensors, and IoT to monitor mosquito
populations and enable targeted interventions against diseases like dengue and malaria.
• AI-Powered Surveillance: Mosquito sensors, drones, and IoT devices will
track species, density, and environmental factors (temperature, humidity).
• Drones for Larvicide Application: UAVs will deliver larvicide efficiently over large areas,
expediting response times.
Andhra Pradesh Unveils ‘Digi-Lakshmi’ Scheme to Empower Urban Poor Women as Digital
Entrepreneurs
• The Andhra Pradesh government launched the Digi-Lakshmi scheme to enable urban poor
women from Self-Help Groups (SHGs) to run digital service kiosks.
• Under the One Family, One Entrepreneur (OF-OE) initiative, the state will establish 9,034
Common Service Centres (ATOM Kiosks) across all Urban Local Bodies, offering nearly 250
public services and creating sustainable livelihoods for women.
• Scheme Objective: Transform SHG women into digital service providers by setting up ATOM
Kiosks for services like bill payments, certificate issuance, and scheme applications.
Delhi Launches ‘Saheli Smart Card’ for Free Bus Travel, Replacing Pink Tickets
• The Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) has discontinued the old pink ticket system and
introduced the Saheli Smart Card, providing free bus travel exclusively to Delhi-based women
and transgender persons who present valid address proof and Aadhaar.
• The transition aims to eliminate fraud and enhance the transparency of the scheme.
• Eligibility Restricted to Delhi Residents: Only women and transgender persons with a Delhi
address and a valid Aadhaar card can obtain the Saheli Smart Card; previous pink-ticket
holders outside Delhi are excluded.
Commemorative Stamp Released on Syama Prasad Mookerjee’s 125th Birth Anniversary
• The Government of India marked the 125th birth anniversary of Syama Prasad Mookerjee,
by releasing a special postage stamp during a cultural ceremony organized by the Ministry of
Culture at Siri Fort Auditorium, Delhi.
• Stamp Release: The Department of Posts unveiled the commemorative stamp honoring
Mookerjee’s contributions to India’s progress and unity.
• Design & Tribute: The stamp, designed by Smt. Nenu Gupta, pays homage to Mookerjee’s
vision for national unity and inclusive development rooted in Indian values.
New Akashvani Kendra to Be Established in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh under BIND Scheme

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The Central Government has announced the establishment of a new Akashvani Kendra (radio
station) in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, aimed at enhancing regional radio services and ensuring
timely dissemination of information.
• The initiative was revealed during a meeting between Union Minister of State for Information and
Broadcasting Murugan and Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav.
Carnac Bridge Renamed as Sindoor Bridge to Honour Operation Sindoor
• The historic Carnac Bridge in Mumbai has been rebuilt and renamed as Sindoor Bridge, in
a move to honour Operation Sindoor, India’s military mission against terrorist
camps. Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis inaugurated the bridge, marking both
a symbolic and infrastructural transformation.
• Tribute to Operation Sindoor: The renaming celebrates the valour of Indian soldiers and
commemorates the success of Operation Sindoor, India’s recent anti-terror operation in
Pakistan.
• Erasing Colonial Legacy: The former name, Carnac Bridge, was linked to James Rivett-
Carnac, a British Governor accused of oppressing Indian rulers. The change reflects an effort
to remove colonial-era symbols, as highlighted by Prabodhankar Thackeray’s writings.
The National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS), in collaboration with United Nations
Children’s Fund India Launch TALASH for Tribal Student Empowerment
• The National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS), in collaboration with United
Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)India, has introduced TALASH (Tribal Aptitude, Life Skills
and Self-Esteem Hub)—India’s first national programme dedicated to supporting tribal students
in Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs).
• Reach and Beneficiaries: Digital platform for over 1.38 lakh students across 28 states and 8
Union Territories.
• Psychometric Assessments: Students undertake NCERT-based tests to identify
their aptitudes and interests, leading to personalized Career Cards.
India Achieves 4,000% Growth in Solar Power, Piyush Goyal Highlights Energy Self-Reliance at
IESW 2025
• At the India Energy Storage Week (IESW) 2025, Union Minister Piyush Goyal announced
a 4,000% increase in India’s solar power capacity, underlining the country’s major strides
toward clean energy leadership and self-reliance.
• The event was held, at Yashobhoomi, New Delhi.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Massive Growth in Renewable Energy: India has reached 227 GW of renewable energy,
positioning itself to potentially become the first G20 nation to meet Paris Agreement climate
goals.
Maharashtra Declares Sarvajanik Ganeshotsav as Official State Festival
• The Maharashtra government has officially recognised Sarvajanik Ganeshotsav (Public
Ganesh Festival) as a state festival, ensuring government support and funding for its
widespread celebration across the state.
• The announcement was made by Cultural Affairs Minister Ashish Shelar in the Legislative
Assembly.
• Government Recognition: Sarvajanik Ganeshotsav will now receive official status as a state
festival, enabling financial and logistical support from the government for public celebrations.
Assam Launches ‘Gajah Mitra’ Scheme to Mitigate Human–Elephant Conflicts
• The Assam government approved the ‘Gajah Mitra’ initiative on July 11, 2025, aiming to
protect both local communities and elephant populations by creating safe habitats and employing
non-violent deterrents in conflict-prone areas.
• Targeting 80 High-Risk Zones: The scheme focuses on areas with frequent human–elephant
encounters, such as Nagaon, Sonitpur West, Dhanasiri, and Karbi Anglong East.
• Elephant Forage Zones: Cultivation of bamboo and Napier grass — preferred elephant foods
— to draw herds away from villages.
India to Host First Global Conference on Manuscript Heritage (Sept 11–13, 2025)
• The Ministry of Culture has announced that India will organise its inaugural Global Conference
on Manuscript Heritage from September 11–13, 2025, at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, with
the aim of preserving and sharing the country’s vast repository of ancient manuscripts.
• The announcement was made on Guru Purnima, underscoring India’s reverence for its guru–
śiṣya tradition.
• Conference Theme & Dates: Titled “Reclaiming India’s Knowledge Legacy Through
Manuscript Heritage”, the three-day event will run from September 11 to 13, 2025.
Uttarakhand to Plant Over 5 Lakh Saplings on Harela Festival (July 16, 2025)
• Uttarakhand will celebrate the Harela festival on July 16, 2025, with a massive plantation
drive, aiming to plant over 5 lakh saplings across the state.
• The initiative promotes environmental conservation and hopes to set a new record, reinforcing
the state’s dedication to protecting nature and Mother Earth.
• Festival Themes:

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

o “Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam” (A tree in mother’s name)

o “Harela Ka Tyohar Manao, Dharti Maa Ka Rin Chukao” (Celebrate Harela, repay Earth’s
debt)
Trade Facilitation Conference 2025 Inaugurated by Pankaj Chaudhary in New Delhi
• Minister of State for Finance, Pankaj Chaudhary, inaugurated the first-ever Trade Facilitation
Conference 2025 in New Delhi, under the theme “Scientific Excellence for Seamless Trade.”
• The event focused on promoting scientific testing systems and streamlined trade
procedures to enhance ease of doing business and support India’s trade growth.
• Organisers: The conference was organised by the Central Revenues Control Laboratory
(CRCL) and the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC).
• Theme Focus: “Scientific Excellence for Seamless Trade” emphasised reducing trade delays
using modern laboratories, compliance standards, and technology-driven testing.
Arthunkal Police Station Becomes India’s First ISO 9001:2015–Certified Station
• Under the Quality Management System (QMS) standards of IS/ISO 9001:2015, Arthunkal
Police Station in Alappuzha, Kerala, has been officially certified by the Bureau of Indian
Standards (BIS)—the first such recognition for any police station in India.
• The certificate was presented, in a ceremony attended by senior law-enforcement and BIS
dignitaries.
• First in the Nation: Arthunkal Police Station is the first-ever police station in India to
attain IS/ISO 9001:2015 certification, highlighting its commitment to international quality
standards.
Cabinet Sanctions ₹1 Lakh Crore Employment-Linked Incentive Scheme to Generate 3.5 Crore
Jobs
• The Union Cabinet approved a ₹1 lakh crore Employment-Linked Incentive (ELI)
scheme under the Union Budget 2024–25, designed to create over 3.5 crore new jobs—with
special emphasis on the manufacturing sector—while ensuring social
security and formalisation of employment.
• Eligibility Period: Applies to jobs created between 1 August 2025 and 31 July 2027.
• Job Targets: Scheme aims for 3.5 crore new jobs, including 1.92 crore positions for first-
time workers.
India Launches First-Ever Electric Truck Incentive Scheme under PM E-DRIVE

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• The Indian Government has introduced the country’s first electric truck (e-truck) subsidy
scheme under the PM E-DRIVE programme, offering financial assistance of up to ₹9.6 lakh
per vehicle.
• Launched by Union Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy on July 12, 2025, this scheme aims to
promote clean and sustainable freight transport and aligns with India’s net-zero emission
target by 2070.
• Scope of Subsidy: The scheme offers a maximum subsidy of ₹9.6 lakh per electric truck (N2
and N3 category vehicles with GVW 3.5–55 tonnes), provided as an upfront discount.
India Launches World’s First Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL)
• India has become the first country in the world to launch a Traditional Knowledge Digital
Library (TKDL), integrating AI-powered tools to preserve, protect, and promote ancient Indian
medicine systems like Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Sowa Rigpa, and Homoeopathy.
• The initiative has received global praise, including recognition from the World Health
Organization (WHO).
• First-of-its-Kind Global Initiative: TKDL is a digital platform that catalogues India’s traditional
medical knowledge using Artificial Intelligence for better accessibility and analysis.
Assam Cabinet Approves Comprehensive Welfare Measures in 2025–26 Budget
• The Assam government, in its Cabinet meeting, sanctioned a series of welfare schemes
targeting rural governance, social protection, wildlife conservation, and cultural
preservation, in line with the state’s 2025–26 Budget objectives.
• Salary Revision for Gaon Pradhans: Monthly pay increased from ₹9,000 to
₹14,000 (effective October 1, 2025), including those in forest villages, to enhance rural
leadership.
• Enhanced Honorarium for Anganwadi Staff: Anganwadi Workers to
receive ₹8,000 and Helpers ₹4,000 per month, aiming to improve childcare
services and maternal support.
• Gaja Mitra Scheme: Launched in eight conflict-prone districts (Goalpara, Udalguri, Nagaon,
Baksa, Sonitpur, Golaghat, Jorhat, Biswanath) with 80 community response teams to safely
manage human–elephant interactions during the paddy season.
Gujarat Becomes First State to Join Cruise Bharat Mission
• In a significant boost to India’s cruise tourism sector, Gujarat has become the first state to
officially join the Cruise Bharat Mission, a national initiative launched to transform India into
a leading global cruise destination by 2029.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Cruise Bharat Mission Overview: Launched by Union Minister Sarbananda

Sonowal on September 30, 2024, the mission aims to increase sea cruise traffic tenfold by
2029 and promote India’s maritime tourism potential.
• Strategic Advantage for Gujarat: With the longest coastline in India (2,340 km), Gujarat
plans to develop dedicated cruise terminals and maritime infrastructure, which were previously
lacking.
Byrnihat, Delhi Top Air Pollution Rankings in First Half of 2025: CREA Report
• A recent study by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) revealed
that Byrnihat, located on the Assam–Meghalaya border, had the worst air pollution levels in
India during January to June 2025, followed closely by Delhi.
• The findings, based on data from 293 government monitoring stations, raise serious concerns
about worsening urban air quality.
• Highest PM 2.5 Levels:
Byrnihat recorded an average PM 2.5 concentration of 133 µg/m³, followed by Delhi at 87
µg/m³, both far exceeding the safe national limit of 40 µg/m³.
• Cleanest Cities in India:
Aizawl (Mizoram) topped the list with PM 2.5 at 8 µg/m³, still above the WHO safe level of 5
µg/m³. Other clean cities included:
o Tirupur, Tirunelveli (Tamil Nadu)
o Bareilly, Vrindavan (Uttar Pradesh)
o Maihar (Madhya Pradesh)
o Imphal (Manipur)
o Chamrajanagar, Chikkamagaluru (Karnataka)
Gujarat Tops India in Processed Potato Production (2024–25)
• Gujarat emerged as the leading producer of processing-grade potatoes—used in French
fries and chips—in 2024–25, reducing import reliance and opening new export avenues through
modern cultivation and strong infrastructure.
• Banaskantha Leads Production: The district harvested 18.70 lakh tonnes from 61,000
ha (Productivity: 30.65 t/ha), up from 15.62 lakh tonnes in 2023–24.
• Other Top Districts: Sabarkantha produced 12.97 lakh tonnes and Aravalli delivered 6.99
lakh tonnes, both achieving high yields through favourable climate and facilities.
India to Pioneer E10 Shinkansen on Mumbai–Ahmedabad Bullet Train with E5 Trials

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• India will become the first country outside Japan to operate the new E10 (Alfa-X)
Shinkansen on the Mumbai–Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail corridor in the early 2030s,
following trial runs of older E5 Hayabusa trains slated for early 2026 to assess performance
under Indian conditions.
• E5 Train Trials (2026): Two E5 Hayabusa sets, capable of 320 km/h, will arrive for testing in
India’s dusty, high-temperature environment, gathering data on inspection systems and local
adaptations.
• E10 Commercial Launch: The Alfa-X E10 series, designed for 400 km/h, will be the main
service trains when the corridor opens in the early 2030s, showcasing advanced
safety, energy efficiency, and passenger comfort.
India Launches First Weather Derivatives Market
• The National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX), in partnership with the India
Meteorological Department (IMD), has introduced India’s first weather derivatives, enabling
stakeholders to hedge against weather-related revenue risks and enhance resilience in
climate-sensitive sectors.
• Weather Derivatives Defined: Financial contracts based on weather variables—such
as temperature, rainfall, snowfall, or wind speed—that pay out according to pre-agreed
indices rather than actual asset losses.
• Primary Traded Variables:
o Temperature: Measured using Heating Degree Days (HDD) and Cooling Degree Days
(CDD).
o Precipitation: Based on cumulative rainfall totals or deviations from long-term
averages.
BITS Pilani to Launch India’s First AI Plus Campus in Amaravati
• Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS) Pilani has announced the establishment
of India’s first AI Plus Campus in Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, with admissions beginning
in 2027.
• The project, backed by an investment of ₹1,000 crore, aims to create a digital-first, AI-centric
education hub aligned with global standards.
• Land Allocation: The Capital Region Development Authority (CRDA) has allotted 70
acres for the new campus.
• Leader Behind the Vision: The initiative was unveiled by Kumar Mangalam Birla, Chancellor
of BITS and Chairman of the Aditya Birla Group.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

75th Pradhan Mantri Divyasha Kendra Inaugurated at Badaun, Uttar Pradesh

• The Union Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment inaugurated the 75th Pradhan Mantri
Divyasha Kendra (PMDK) at Government Medical College, Badaun, Uttar Pradesh.
• The centre was launched by Union Minister of State Shri B.L. Verma, marking a key step in
empowering Divyangjan (persons with disabilities) and senior citizens through integrated
support services.
• Schemes Implemented: Services are delivered under two major government schemes:
o ADIP Scheme for Divyangjan
o Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana (RVY) for senior citizens
Yakten Declared India’s First Digital Nomad Village under “Nomad Sikkim” Initiative
• Yakten village in Pakyong district, Sikkim, was officially designated as India’s first Digital
Nomad Village.
• The Nomad Sikkim project—launched by the Pakyong district administration and NGO
Sarvahitey—aims to support remote workers in a tranquil hill‐top environment and bolster the
local economy during the off‐tourist season.
• “Nomad Sikkim” Launch: Jointly initiated to promote homestays and provide year-round
income for villagers between April and October.

Union Cabinet Approves PM Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana to Transform Agriculture

• Union Cabinet cleared the Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PM-DDKY), a six-
year initiative (2025–26 to 2030–31) with an annual budget of ₹24,000 crore.
• This scheme targets 100 agriculturally lagging districts to bolster productivity, infrastructure,
and credit support for farmers.
• 100 Targeted Districts: Selected based on low cropping intensity, poor productivity,
and insufficient credit flow, ensuring each state has at least one beneficiary district.
Greenfield Manginapudi Port Project Nears Halfway Mark, Set to Commence by 2026
• A new greenfield port is under construction at Manginapudi, Machilipatnam (Andhra
Pradesh), with 48% of work completed. Slated to open by late 2026, this strategic port will
stimulate economic growth and generate employment for both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
• Developer and Workforce: Constructed by Megha Engineering & Infrastructure Ltd
(MEIL) with a workforce of ~1,250 personnel operating in two shifts.
• Massive Dredging Operation: 56 million m³ of sand is being dredged to deepen the approach
channel and berths.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

India’s First RoRo Ferry Service Launched on Mandovi River in Goa

• Goa Government launched India’s first Roll-on/Roll-off (RoRo) ferry service on the Mandovi
River, connecting Chorao Island with Ribandar.
• The initiative is aimed at easing daily commutes and enhancing tourism through faster and
modern water transport.
• Ferry names and capacity: Two high-speed ferries, Gangotri and Dwarka, have been
deployed. Each can carry 100 passengers, 15 cars, and 30–40 two-wheelers.
India’s Second Longest Cable-Stayed Bridge Inaugurated in Shivamogga, Karnataka
• Union Minister Nitin Gadkari officially opened the Sigandur cable-stayed bridge, spanning
the Sharavathi backwaters near Sagara.
• Stretching 2.44 km, this structure will significantly improve road connectivity
between Sagara and Sigandur, easing access to the renowned Chowdeshwari Temple,
Karnataka.
• Second longest cable-stayed bridge in India: The Sigandur bridge measures 2.44 km in
length and 16 m in width, built at a cost of over ₹ 470 crore.
India’s First Aqua Tech Park Inaugurated in Assam to Boost Modern Fish Farming
• Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma inaugurated the country’s first Aqua Tech
Park in Sonapur, near Guwahati, Assam.
• First of its kind in India: The Aqua Tech Park in Sonapur is the nation’s first dedicated
facility to train fish farmers in innovative, water-efficient techniques.
• Implemented by NGO Kolong Kopili: The project is led by Kolong Kopili in collaboration
with NABARD, ICAR-CIFA, Selco Foundation, and the Fishery Department.
Manohar Lal Khattar Unveils ₹1,000 Crore Assistance for Deployment of Energy Efficient
Technologies in Industrial Establishments Scheme to Drive Energy Efficiency in MSMEs
• The Assistance for Deployment of Energy Efficient Technologies in Industrial
Establishments (ADEETIE) was launched by Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar under
the Ministry of Power and implemented via the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE).
• With a ₹1,000 crore budget, it empowers MSMEs to adopt advanced, low-carbon technologies
and supports India’s industrial modernization and green energy targets.
• Budget Allocation:
o ₹875 crore for interest subvention (5 % for micro & small enterprises; 3 % for medium
enterprises)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

o ₹50 crore dedicated to energy audits (Investment Grade Energy Audits and Detailed
Project Reports)
o ₹75 crore for implementation support
Bihar Announces Free Electricity Up to 125 Units Ahead of 2025 Elections
• Chief Minister Nitish Kumar has declared that, from August 1, 2025, all domestic
consumers in Bihar will receive free electricity for up to 125 units per month, benefiting
over 16.7 million households.
• This scheme combines social welfare with a push for renewable energy under the state’s
broader energy strategy.
• Free supply of electricity up to 125 units/month for all domestic connections.
• Affects 16.7 million families, easing financial burdens ahead of the Bihar Assembly Elections
2025.
IIM Kozhikode Launches ‘Gyanodaya’ Centre for Pedagogical Innovation
• Gyanodaya, established under IIM Kozhikode’s Vision 2047 and aligned with NEP 2020, is a
dedicated hub for revolutionizing management education.
• It integrates Indian knowledge systems with contemporary teaching practices to
foster contextualized, inclusive, and globally relevant
• Knowledge Creation & Publishing: Develops and publishes peer-reviewed academic
content, including over 30 original case studies complete with detailed teaching notes.
Gujarat Launches India’s First Tribal Genome Sequencing Project for Inclusive Healthcare
• Gujarat has initiated the nation’s pioneering Tribal Genome Sequencing Project, aiming to
harness genetic science to enhance healthcare outcomes for its tribal populations.
• Announced by Minister Kuber Dindor and backed by the 2025–26 state budget, this effort will
generate critical data to enable early disease detection and personalised medical solutions.
• Scope and Scale: Genome sequencing of 2,000 tribal individuals across 17 districts to
capture genetic diversity.
Maharashtra Becomes First State to Grant Agricultural Status to Livestock and Poultry Farming
• In a historic policy decision, the Maharashtra Cabinet, approved agricultural status for
livestock and poultry farming, making Maharashtra the first Indian state to take this inclusive
step.
• The move is expected to benefit over 3.7 crore livestock farmers by extending core agricultural
benefits to allied sectors like dairy, poultry, fisheries, and small ruminant farming.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Bridging the Policy Gap: Previously classified as “allied” activities, livestock and poultry farming
are now granted parity with crop cultivation, enabling access to mainstream agricultural
benefits.
Maharashtra Launches Vidarbha’s First Integrated Steel Plant in Gadchiroli
• In a landmark move for regional development, Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra
Fadnavis laid the foundation for Vidarbha’s first integrated steel plant in Gadchiroli,
developed by Lloyds Metals & Energy Limited (LMEL).
• This initiative signals a major step toward industrial diversification, economic upliftment,
and sustainable infrastructure in the mineral-rich but underdeveloped region.
• First Integrated Steel Plant in Vidarbha: 4.5 MnTPA capacity plant at Konsari, marking a
major industrial milestone for the region.
Vijayawada Ranks 4th in Swachh Survekshan 2024–25, Honoured as ‘Super Swachh League
City’
• Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, has emerged as a national model for urban cleanliness by
securing the 4th position in Swachh Survekshan 2024–25 and being conferred the title
of ‘Super Swachh League City’.
• Top-Four Rank: Vijayawada ranked 4th among Indian cities with populations over 10 lakh,
joining the league of clean cities like Indore, Surat, and Navi Mumbai.
• Super Swachh League City Award: Recognition affirms the city’s excellence in cleanliness
despite natural disruptions, reinforcing its position as a resilient urban leader.
Department of Legal Affairs Launches Mahila Aarogyam Kaksh to Enhance Women’s Workplace
Wellness
• In a pioneering effort to transform government offices into human-centric spaces,
the Department of Legal Affairs under the Ministry of Law and Justice inaugurated
the Mahila Aarogyam Kaksh at Shastri Bhawan, New Delhi.
• Carved out from an old garage, this dedicated fitness and wellness facility supports
the physical and mental health of women employees and exemplifies a shift toward inclusive,
health-driven work environments.
• Launch Details: Inaugurated on 18th July 2025 by Union MoS for Law and Justice, Shri
Arjun Ram Meghwal, within the premises of Shastri Bhawan.
Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana Merges 36 Central Schemes into a Unified
Framework for Targeted Agricultural Revitalization

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY), introduced in the Union Budget
2025–26, consolidates 36 existing schemes across 11 ministries into a data-driven, district-
centric model to enhance productivity, sustainability, and farmer incomes.
• Scheme Convergence: Integrates 36 programmes under one umbrella, reducing administrative
redundancy.
• Annual Outlay of ₹24,000 crore: Allocated over six years (2025–26 to 2030–31) to benefit 1.7
crore farmers.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Inaugurates ₹7,200 Crore Infrastructure Projects in Bihar
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched projects worth ₹7,200 crore in Motihari, Bihar, under
the Viksit Bharat Mission, aiming to fast-track urban renewal, connectivity, and housing across
the state.
• Alignment with Viksit Bharat 2047: These investments contribute to the vision of making India
a developed nation by its centenary of independence by integrating Eastern states into the
national growth story.
• Urban Infrastructure Boost: Funds allocated for improving public utilities and amenities
in Motihari, Gaya, and Patna to enhance quality of life.
Union Minister Launches NSCSTI 2.0 to Strengthen Civil Services Training under Mission
Karmayogi
• Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh unveiled the National Standards for Civil Service Training
Institutes (NSCSTI) 2.0, a major reform initiative under Mission Karmayogi.
• Developed by the Capacity Building Commission (CBC), the new framework aims
to standardize and enhance the quality of civil service training across India.
• NSCSTI 2.0 builds on the earlier version which introduced performance-based
accreditation for Civil Services Training Institutes (CSTIs). The new version was shaped
by inputs from over 160 CSTIs, domain experts, and assessors, ensuring a practical,
inclusive design aligned with current governance challenges.
Indian Institute of Creative Technology Inaugurates First Mumbai Campus to Strengthen AVGC-
XR Skill Ecosystem
● The Indian Institute of Creative Technology (IICT) launched its inaugural campus at the
NFDC Complex, Mumbai, under a public–private partnership between the Ministry of
Information & Broadcasting and the Maharashtra government.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● This facility is designed to prepare industry-ready professionals in Animation, Visual Effects,

Gaming, Comics & Extended Reality (AVGC-XR), aligning with India’s push to become a
global leader in creative technologies.
Indian Council of Medical Research to Commercialise Indigenous Malaria Vaccine AdFalciVax to
Support Elimination Goals
● The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has issued an Expression of Interest
(EoI) inviting pharmaceutical partners to transfer technology and mass- produce AdFalciVax,
an indigenous recombinant multi-stage vaccine targeting Plasmodium falciparum, as
part of India’s strategy to eliminate malaria by 2030.
India Targets 10% Tourism Share of GDP by 2047 to Achieve $32 Trillion Economy
● The Government of India has set an ambitious goal to raise tourism’s contribution from
about 5–6% to 10% of GDP by 2047, leveraging its cultural heritage, natural diversity, and
emerging medical tourism sector as engines of economic growth and job creation.
● Global Positioning: India ranks 14th globally in tourism receipts, accounting for 1.8% of
world revenue, and the sector is projected to grow at a 24% CAGR.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Launches ₹15,000 Incentive Scheme to Promote First-Time Private
Sector Employment in Bihar
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled a new employment scheme during a rally in
Motihari, Bihar, offering a ₹15,000 incentive to first-time private sector employees.
● The initiative is part of a broader effort to curb unemployment and boost youth
participation in formal jobs, especially in eastern states like Bihar.
Bima Sakhi Scheme Empowers Over 2 Lakh Rural Women in LIC Network
● Launched on December 9, 2024, the Bima Sakhi Scheme is a Government of India initiative
implemented by Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) to promote women’s empowerment and
rural insurance outreach by training women as Mahila Career Agents (MCAs).
● Performance-Based Support:
○ Stipend for first three years: ₹7,000/month (1st year), ₹6,000 (2nd), ₹5,000 (3rd).
○ Commission-based income in addition to fixed stipend.
● Budget Allocation:
○ ₹520 crore allocated for FY 2025–26.
○ ₹115.13 crore disbursed by July 14, 2025.
Tamil Nadu to Establish Hornbill Conservation Centre at Anamalai Tiger Reserve

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● The Tamil Nadu government has approved a ₹1 crore Centre of Excellence for Hornbill
Conservation at the Anamalai Tiger Reserve, targeting protection of the four Western
Ghats hornbill species through research, habitat restoration, and community engagement.
Delhi Launches NeVA Seva Centre, Ushering in Paperless Lawmaking
● The NeVA (National e-Vidhan Application) Seva Centre was inaugurated in Delhi, by Delhi
Legislative Assembly Speaker Vijender Gupta, marking the completion of the first phase of
NeVA implementation and a shift towards digital, sustainable governance.
● Digital Lawmaking Platform: NeVA is a Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs initiative under the
“One Nation, One Application” framework to digitize legislative operations across India.
● Objective: To enable paperless proceedings, real-time access to legislative business, and
eco-friendly governance, aligned with the Digital India mission.
Puducherry Launches One-Time Regularisation Scheme (OTRS) 2025
● The Government of Puducherry has rolled out the One-Time Regularisation Scheme
(OTRS) 2025 to legalise unauthorised constructions and plan deviations for buildings erected
between May 1, 1987, and July 16, 2025, thereby facilitating access to utilities and
simplifying property registration.
● Applicability: Covers all constructions in Puducherry from May 1, 1987, to July 16, 2025.
India to Overtake China as World’s Top Cotton Producer by 2034: OECD-FAO Outlook
● According to the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2025–2034, India’s cotton production is
set to surpass China’s by 2034, driven by significant productivity improvements rather than
expansion of cultivated area.
About OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook
● The OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook is an annual publication providing a 10-year projection of
agricultural commodity and fish markets. It’s a collaborative effort between the Organisation
for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO) of the United Nations.
Union Home Minister Amit Shah to Unveil National Cooperative Policy 2025
● Union Home Minister and Cooperative Minister Shri Amit Shah will announce the National
Cooperative Policy 2025 at Atal Akshay Urja Bhawan, New Delhi, attended by senior
officials from MoCA, NCDC, NCCT, VAMNICOM, and all National Cooperative Unions.
Jharkhand Launches India’s First Mining Tourism Project to Showcase Mineral Heritage

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Jharkhand, home to 40% of India’s mineral resources, has partnered with Central
Coalfields Limited to open the North Urimari open-cast mine in Ramgarh for guided tours,
blending industrial history, local culture, and eco-education under a formal MoU.
About Jharkhand:
● Capital: Ranchi
● Chief Minister: Hemant Soren
● Governor: Santosh Gangwar
● National Parks: Betla National Park
● Wildlife Sanctuaries: Palamau Wildlife Sanctuary, Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary, Dalma
Wildlife Sanctuary, Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary, Mahuadanr Wolf Sanctuary, Topchanchi
Wildlife Sanctuary
Delhi Government Enhances Rewards for Olympic & Paralympic Medalists Under New Sports and
Education Schemes
● The Delhi government has launched the Mukhyamantri Khel Protsahan Yojana,
significantly increasing cash rewards for Olympic and Paralympic medal winners to
promote sports excellence and youth empowerment.
● This initiative, along with the Mukhyamantri Digital Education Scheme, highlights the
government’s commitment to supporting athletes and enhancing digital learning infrastructure
in government schools.
About Delhi:
● Chief Minister: Rekha Gupta
● Lieutenant Governor: Vinai Kumar Saxena
● Capital: New Delhi
● Wildlife Sanctuaries: Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary, Yamuna Biodiversity Park, Aravalli
Biodiversity Park
Employment and Unemployment Trends in India Based on Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)
● The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), conducted by the Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation (MoSPI) since 2017-18, serves as the official source for
employment and unemployment data in India.
● Worker Population Ratio (WPR) and Unemployment Rate (UR) for persons aged 15 years
and above show the following trends from 2020-21 to 2023-24:

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Year Worker Unemployment Rate

Population Ratio (UR) %
(WPR) %

2020-21 52.6 4.2

2021-22 52.9 4.1

2022-23 56.0 3.2

2023-24 58.2 3.2

Kargil Vijay Diwas Padyatra 2025 Organised by MY Bharat to Honour 26th Anniversary of India’s
Victory in Kargil War
● Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat), an autonomous body under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and
Sports, will organize the ‘Kargil Vijay Diwas Padyatra’ on 26th July 2025 in Drass, Kargil
to commemorate 26 years of India’s victory in the 1999 Kargil War.
eShram Portal Evolved as One-Stop-Solution for Unorganised Workers’ Social Security Access
● The Ministry of Labour and Employment launched the eShram portal (eshram.gov.in) on
26th August 2021 to create a comprehensive National Database of Unorganised
Workers (NDUW) linked with Aadhaar.
● The initiative aims to provide unorganised workers with a Universal Account Number
(UAN) based on self-declaration, ensuring streamlined access to social security schemes.
● So far, 14 central schemes have been integrated with eShram, enabling direct access and
benefit tracking. These include:
○ Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (PMSVANidhi)
○ Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)
○ Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)
○ National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)
○ Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)
○ Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G)
○ Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)
○ Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban (PMAY-U)
○ Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)
○ Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY)
○ Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS)
○ Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS)

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○ One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC)

○ Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY): Overview and Implementation
● Launched in 2015-16 by the Department of Water Resources, River Development and
Ganga Rejuvenation, the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) aims to
improve water access on farms, expand cultivable area under assured irrigation, enhance
water use efficiency, and promote sustainable water conservation practices.
9th Empowered Committee for Animal Health (ECAH) Meeting – Major Developments in India’s
Animal Health Sector
● The 9th Meeting of the Empowered Committee for Animal Health (ECAH) was held in
New Delhi under the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (DAHD).
● Chairperson: Prof. Ajay Kumar Sood, Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) to the Government
of India.
● Vice-Chairperson: Mrs. Alka Upadhyaya, Secretary, DAHD.
● Participants included representatives from PSA’s office, ICMR, CDSCO, DBT, Ministry of
Ayush, and other institutions.
About ECAH
● Established: 2021.
● Functions as the apex advisory body of DAHD.
● Provides strategic guidance on:
○ Animal disease control
○ Emerging animal health threats
○ One Health initiatives
○ Regulatory issues in veterinary pharmaceuticals and biologicals.
India Resumes Tourist Visas for Chinese Citizens After Five Years
● India has resumed the issuance of tourist visas to Chinese nationals, ending a five-year
suspension.
● This move signals a positive recalibration in India-China diplomatic ties, focusing on soft
power, tourism revival, and religious diplomacy.
● It also aligns with India’s broader efforts to boost international tourism post-COVID-19 and
reopens avenues for people-to-people exchange.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Becomes India’s Second-Longest-Serving Prime Minister

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● Prime Minister Narendra Modi has become the second-longest-serving PM in Indian

history, overtaking Indira Gandhi’s record of 4,077 consecutive days in office.
● He completed 4,078 continuous days in office, achieving this feat over three consecutive
terms.
Government Launches Palna Scheme Under Mission Shakti to Provide Day-Care and Child
Protection
● The Ministry of Women and Child Development rolled out the Palna Scheme on 1 April
2022 under the Samarthya vertical of Umbrella Mission Shakti, offering day-care crèche
facilities and child protection services for children aged 6 months to 6 years across all
States and UTs.
President Droupadi Murmu Completes Three Years in Office Launches Various Initiatives at
Rashtrapati Bhavan
● President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu, marked the completion of three years in
office.
● To commemorate the occasion, several important initiatives and developmental activities were
highlighted, particularly in the Rashtrapati Bhavan and President’s Estates.
Major Initiatives & Developments during the 3rd Year of Presidency:
1. President’s Estate Declared Divyangjan-Friendly:
● Rashtrapati Bhavan, Amrit Udyan, and the Rashtrapati Bhavan Museum were made
accessible for Divyangjan (persons with disabilities).
● This transformation was based on the 50-point recommendation submitted by the Pt.
Deendayal Upadhyay National Institute for Persons with Physical Disabilities.
2. Launch of Rashtrapati Bhavan Websites in 22 Indian Languages:
● Official websites:
🔹 rashtrapatibhavan.gov.in
🔹 presidentofindia.gov.in
● Now available in 22 Indian languages, enhancing citizen accessibility and inclusivity.
3. New Facilities for Visitors and Estate Residents:
● Visitor Facilitation Centre inaugurated at Rashtrapati Bhavan.
● Nilayam Nikunj opened at Rashtrapati Nilayam, Hyderabad.
● Cafeteria, Souvenir Shop, and Reception inaugurated at Rashtrapati Niwas, Mashobra.
● Renovated Gymnasium opened for the benefit of residents of the President’s Estate.
4. Launch of E-Upahaar Season 2:

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● An online auction of over 250 items belonging to the President.

● Proceeds to be donated to child welfare initiatives.
● Auction Portal: upahaar.rashtrapatibhavan.gov.in
5. Release of an E-Book:
● An e-book launched containing highlights of the Presidency’s activities over the past
year.
● Access link: rb.nic.in/ebook25.htm
6. Towards Net Zero – Green Commitment:
● Initiatives started to make Rashtrapati Bhavan a Net Zero establishment by March 2027.
● Focus areas include energy efficiency, sustainability, and carbon neutrality.
Ministry of Ayush supports efforts of the State/UT Governments for Promotion and overall
development of Traditional System of Medicines
● The Ministry of Ayush is implementing the Centrally Sponsored Scheme titled National
Ayush Mission (NAM) through State and Union Territory Governments, aiming to promote
and develop Ayush systems – Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy – across
the country.
● Under NAM, grant-in-aid is provided to States/UTs based on their proposals submitted via
State Annual Action Plans (SAAPs) in accordance with NAM guidelines.
Over 10.18 Crore Women Screened for Cervical Cancer Under National Health Mission Initiative
● The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has surpassed 10.18 crore screenings of women
aged 30–65 years for cervical cancer, as part of the population-based NCD screening,
prevention, and management programme under the National Health Mission (NHM).
● Screenings are conducted through Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs) at Sub-Health
Centres and Primary Health Centres.
World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Intelligence & Investigations Workshop 2025 Held in New Delhi
to Strengthen Global Anti-Doping Efforts
● The National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) India, supported by the Ministry of Youth
Affairs & Sports, hosted the second World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Intelligence &
Investigations (I&I) Workshop in New Delhi.
● Organized under WADA’s auspices and in partnership with INTERPOL and Sport Integrity
Australia, the workshop brought together anti-doping and law-enforcement professionals from
11 countries across Asia to advance intelligence-led collaboration and protect the integrity
of sport.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

About WADA
● Headquarters: Montreal, Canada
● President: Witold Bańka
● Founders: International Olympic Committee, Dick Pound
● Founded: 10 November 1999
Bima Sakhi Yojana: A pioneering model of social security and women empowerment
● Union Minister for Rural Development and Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare, Shri Shivraj
Singh Chouhan, highlighted the historic launch of the Bima Sakhi Yojana under the
leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
● He described the scheme as a landmark initiative aimed at women’s empowerment and
providing economic security to rural and semi-urban India.
India Achieves 20% Ethanol–Petrol Blending Five Years Early
● India has successfully met its 20% ethanol–petrol blending target by June 2025,
originally slated for 2030.
● This landmark achievement advances energy independence, low-carbon goals, and rural
economic uplift through sustainable biofuel production.
Centre of Excellence on PESA Established at IGNTU, Amarkantak to Strengthen Tribal Self-
Governance
● The Ministry of Panchayati Raj, in partnership with the Government of Madhya Pradesh
and Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU), Amarkantak, signed an MoU in
Bhopal to set up a three-year Centre of Excellence on the Provisions of the Panchayats
(Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA).
● This dedicated platform will drive research, capacity building, participatory planning, and
policy support, advancing tribal empowerment and localized sustainable development in
the 5th Scheduled Areas.
India’s First Hindi-Medium Medical College to be Established in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
● In a pioneering move, Madhya Pradesh is set to launch the country’s first dedicated Hindi-
medium medical college in Jabalpur, under the state-run Medical Science University
(MSU).
● This follows the earlier step taken in 2022, when MBBS courses in Hindi were introduced in
medical colleges of the state.
● According to MSU Vice Chancellor Dr. Ashok Khandelwal, the proposal for the Hindi-
medium medical college has been approved by the executive council of the university and is

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

now progressing through the state government and National Medical Commission (NMC)
for necessary approvals.
Bihar Government Establishes State Sanitation Workers Commission
● Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar has announced the formation of the Bihar Rajya Safai
Karmachari Ayog (Bihar State Sanitation Workers Commission), fulfilling a long-standing
demand from sanitation workers’ unions.
● The move aims to safeguard the rights, dignity, and welfare of those engaged in sanitation
services across the state.
TEMA India Commissions India’s First Private Test Facility for Depleted Heavy Water Upgradation
● In a landmark development for India’s nuclear energy sector, TEMA India Ltd. has
commissioned the nation’s first private test facility for the upgradation of depleted heavy
water, signaling a significant stride toward Atma-Nirbhar Bharat in the high-tech nuclear
domain.
● The facility, designed under a technology transfer from BARC and developed following a
Purchase Order from NPCIL, is the first of its kind in the Indian private sector.
● The facility was inaugurated by Shri Rajesh V, Director (Technical), NPCIL, and Shri K. T.
Shenoy, Director, Chemical Engineering Group, BARC. It showcases a powerful public-
private partnership in India’s nuclear infrastructure.
87th Foundation Day of CRPF Celebrated with Fervour at Group Centre, Pune
● Group Centre, CRPF, Pune, marked the 87th Foundation Day of the Central Reserve
Police Force—originally raised as the Crown Representative’s Police on 27 July 1939
and rechristened in 1949—with a series of events honoring its legacy as the world’s largest
paramilitary force responsible for India’s internal security.
● The day’s proceedings included a solemn floral tribute at the Martyrs’ Memorial, a Special
Sainik Sammelan where DIG GC Pune Shri Vaibhav Nimbalkar, IPS, addressed welfare
measures for personnel, a Cycle Campaign, a Tree Plantation Drive, a Drawing Competition
for CRPF children, and concluded with a traditional Bara Khana fostering camaraderie across
ranks.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Inaugurates New Tuticorin Airport Terminal and Launches ₹4800 Cr
Infrastructure Projects in Tamil Nadu
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the new terminal building at Tuticorin Airport
and laid the foundation for development projects worth ₹4800 crore in Tamil Nadu, marking a
significant push toward regional connectivity and infrastructure development.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

About Tamil Nadu:

● Capital: Chennai
● Chief Minister: K. Stalin
● Governor: N. Ravi
● National Parks: Mudumalai National Park, Mukurthi National Park, Gulf of Mannar Marine
National Park, Indira Gandhi (Anamalai) National Park, Guindy National Park
● Wildlife Sanctuaries: Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary, Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary, Kalakad
Wildlife Sanctuary, Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary, Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary,
Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary.
Union Education Minister Issues Letters of Intent to Four Foreign Universities for Indian
Campuses
● Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan issued Letters of Intent (LoIs) to four
international universities—Western Sydney University (Australia), Victoria University
(Australia), La Trobe University (Australia), and University of Bristol (UK)—to establish
their campuses in India.
● The announcement was made at the Akhil Bhartiya Shiksha Samagam (ABSS) in New
Delhi marking five years of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Launches ‘Gyan Bharatam Mission’ to Digitise Ancient Manuscripts
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Gyan Bharatam Mission via his Mann Ki
Baat address.
● In the 124th episode of the monthly radio show Mann Ki Baat aired, the PM stated that under
the Gyan Bharatam Mission, a National Digital Repository will be created after the digitisation
of the ancient manuscripts, where students and teachers around the world would be able to
connect with the country’s knowledge and tradition.
● This nationwide civilisational project aims to preserve and digitise over one crore
ancient manuscripts, creating a National Digital Repository to make India’s cultural and
spiritual heritage accessible to scholars globally.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS
Dalai Lama to Speak at Major Three-Day Buddhist Gathering Ahead of 90th Birthday
● The Dalai Lama, Tibet’s spiritual leader, will address a major three-day gathering of Buddhist
religious figures ahead of his 90th birthday.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The conference is the first since 2019 and will include over 100 Tibetan Buddhist leaders. It will
feature a video statement from the Dalai Lama.
● Hollywood actor Richard Gere, a long-time follower of Tibetan Buddhism, is expected to
attend.
Pakistan assumes United Nations Security Council presidency for July 2025
● Pakistan assumed the Presidency of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) for the
month of July 2025.
● This presidency is part of Pakistan’s two-year term as a non-permanent member of the UNSC,
which started in January 2025.
● Pakistan was elected with overwhelming support, securing 182 out of 193 votes.
● The UNSC presidency rotates monthly among its 15 members in alphabetical order.
● Pakistan has previously served as a UNSC non-permanent member in 2012-13, 2003-04, 1993-
94, 1983-84, 1976-77, 1968-69, and 1952-53.
Quad Launches Critical Minerals Initiative to Boost Supply Security and Counter China’s
Economic Coercion
● The Quad grouping consisting of India, US, Australia, and Japan has launched the Quad
Critical Minerals Initiative to ensure availability of critical minerals and strengthen economic
security amid concerns about China’s coercive tactics and price manipulation.
● The initiative was announced after a foreign ministers’ meeting held in Washington, D.C.,
attended by:S. Jaishankar (India),Marco Rubio (US),Penny Wong (Australia),Takeshi Iwaya
(Japan).
● The initiative aims to diversify and secure global supply chains for critical minerals,
enhancing the Quad’s role in collective economic resilience.
● In January 2025, India launched its National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM) with a budget
of ₹16,300 crore to promote exploration of critical minerals within the country and at offshore
locations, aiming for self-reliance in the critical mineral sector.
Indonesia to Sign $52.3 Billion Trade and Investment Deal with United States to Avert Higher
Tariffs
● Indonesia will sign a trade and investment pact worth $52.3 billion (equivalent to $US 34
billion) with the United States on July 7, 2025 to avoid tougher tariffs due next week.
● The deal requires Indonesia to increase imports of US fuels and involves Indonesian
investment in the US energy and agriculture sectors.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Garuda Indonesia, the national flag carrier, is in talks to purchase up to 75 jets from Boeing,
potentially including 737 Max 8 and 787 jets.
● Indonesia faces a 32% tariff in US markets and had previously offered to increase US imports to
ease trade tensions.
About Indonesia:
● President: Prabowo Subianto
● Capital: Jakarta
● Currency: Indonesian rupiah
Russia Becomes First Nation to Officially Recognize Taliban Government in Afghanistan
● Russia became the first country to formally recognise the Taliban government in
Afghanistan since it seized power in 2021.
● This came after Moscow officially removed the Taliban from its list of outlawed
organisations.
● The Russian Foreign Ministry confirmed it had received credentials from Afghanistan's
newly appointed Ambassador, Gul Hassan Hassan.
● No other country has formally recognised the Taliban regime since the U.S.-led withdrawal
in August 2021 ended 20 years of war.
● However, countries like China, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Uzbekistan, and Pakistan have
appointed ambassadors to Kabul, indicating steps toward recognition.
About Russia:
● President: Vladimir Putin
● Prime minister: Mikhail Mishustin
● Capital: Moscow
● Currency: Russian Ruble
United Kingdom to Collaborate with France and Bharti Group in New Capital Injection into
Eutelsat
• Eutelsat Group, operator of the OneWeb satellite internet constellation, is set to receive an
additional investment of €90 million (₹903 crore) from the K. government.
Post-investment shareholding structure:
• French government: will hold 29.56% stake after investing €550.7 million (more than doubling
its previous stake).
• Bharti Space Ltd: will hold 17.88% stake after investing close to €29.9 million, reducing from
24.09%.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• K. government: will maintain its 10% stake with the new €90 million investment.
• CMA CGM (French shipping giant): will marginally increase its holding to €50.2 million.
• Other investors: collectively hold roughly 35% stake.
United Arab Emirates Introduces New Golden Visa Allowing Long-Term Residency Without
Property or Business Investment
• The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has launched a new Golden Visa that offers long-term
residency without investment in property or
• This is part of a “nomination-based visa policy”, where applicants can get the visa by paying
a one-time fee of AED 100,000 (approx. Rs 23.3 lakh).
• The original Golden Visa programme was launched in 2019 for investors, entrepreneurs,
and highly skilled professionals.
About UAE:
• President: Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
• Prime Minister: Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
• Capital : Abu Dhabi
• Currency : UAE dirham
Indonesia Joins BRICS as Full Member at 17th Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
• At the 17th BRICS Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (July 6–7, 2025), leaders
welcomed Indonesia as a full member of BRICS.
• The summit also announced the inclusion of 10 partner countries: Belarus, Bolivia,
Kazakhstan, Nigeria, Malaysia, Thailand, Cuba, Vietnam, Uganda, and Uzbekistan.
• BRICS was originally formed in 2006 as BRIC and became BRICS with South Africa’s entry in
2010.
• India will host the 18th BRICS Summit in 2026 and was welcomed as the host for COP 33 of
the UNFCCC in 2028.
• The UNFCCC COP-30 will be held in Belém, Brazil.
About BRICS :
• Formation : 16 June 2009
BRICS Chamber of Commerce and Industry Women Empowerment Launches WE WISE to Boost
Women’s Leadership in Technology and AI
• The Women Empowerment Vertical of the BRICS Chamber of Commerce and Industry
(BRICS CCI WE) has launched WE WISE – Women in Innovation, Science and

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Entrepreneurship to promote women’s leadership in technology, especially in Artificial

Intelligence (AI).
• The initiative was unveiled during the BRICS Women Business Alliance (WBA) Annual
Plenary Meeting in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
• BRICS CCI WE signed an MoU with the WBA Brazilian Chapter to jointly promote sustainable
economic development and gender equity.
Bulgaria to Join Eurozone as 21st Member from January 2026
• European Union (EU) finance ministers gave final approval for Bulgaria to adopt the euro as
its official currency from January 1, 2026, making it the 21st country in the eurozone.
• Currency Transition: Bulgaria will replace its national currency, the lev, with the euro at a fixed
exchange rate of 1.95583 lev per euro.
• Economic Milestone: The move follows Bulgaria’s compliance with the Maastricht criteria,
including low inflation, sound public finances, and stable exchange rates.
Pakistan and Turkiye Pledge to Deepen Ties in Defence, Trade, Energy, and Infrastructure
• Pakistan and Turkiye agreed to boost cooperation in defence, trade, energy, and
infrastructure during talks on July 9, 2025 in Islamabad.
• Both countries aim to increase bilateral trade volume to $5 billion.
• Pakistan’s Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar highlighted the desire to benefit from Turkiye’s expertise
in defence and strengthen cooperation for regional peace and stability.
• The Turkish Foreign Minister called defence industry cooperation a “strategic step” and
emphasized strengthening ties further.
About Pakistan:
• President: Asif Ali Zardari
• Prime Minister: Shehbaz Sharif
• Capital: Islamabad
• Currency: Pakistani rupee
About Turkey:
• President: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
• Capital: Ankara
• Currency: Turkish lira
International Solar Alliance’s Seventh Regional Committee Meeting (RCM) for Asia-Pacific to
Boost Solar Collaboration and Regional Partnerships

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The International Solar Alliance (ISA) will host the Seventh Regional Committee Meeting
(RCM) for the Asia and the Pacific Region from July 15–17, 2025 in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
• The theme of the event is “Advancing Solar Cooperation Across a Region of Diversity and
Opportunity.”
• The RCM is chaired by the Vice President from the region, the Socialist Republic of Sri
Lanka.
Australia unveils Maitri Grants, establishes India Chair at leading think tank
• Australia’s public policy makers are working to catch up with the rapid changes in the India-
Australia relationship.
• Australia has announced ‘Maitri Grants’, which will fund several activities including the
recruitment of a distinguished scholar for the new India Chair at the Sydney-based Lowy
Institute.
• The Lowy Institute is known for high-quality research in international studies from
an Australian perspective.
About Australia :
• Prime Minister : Anthony Albanese
• Capital : Canberra
• Currency : Australian dollar
Switzerland Completes Ratification of Landmark India-European Free Trade Association Mega
Trade Agreement
• Switzerland has completed the ratification process for the Trade and Economic Partnership
Agreement (TEPA) between India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
• The EFTA includes Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Iceland.
• The ratification by Switzerland clears the way for the agreement’s implementation, expected
to come into force from October 2025.
• The agreement aims to reduce trade barriers and significantly open the Indian market to
Swiss exports.
India-United Arab Emirates Partnership Targets Nuclear Energy and Advanced Technology as
Key Future Growth Areas
• India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are strengthening strategic ties, focusing
on nuclear energy and advanced technology as the next key sectors for collaboration.
• Bilateral trade surpassed $100 billion, achieving this milestone five years ahead of schedule;
UAE is now India’s third-largest trade partner.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• High-level diplomatic engagement intensified since September 2024, with visits by Sheikh
Khalid and Crown Prince Sheikh Hamdan to India, emphasizing economic cooperation.
About UAE :
• President : Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
• Prime Minister : Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
• Capital : Abu Dhabi
• Currency : UAE dirham
56th International Film Festival of India Steering Committee Holds Its First Meeting in Mumbai
• The first meeting of the Steering Committee for the 56th International Film Festival of India
(IFFI), Goa, was held at the NFDC headquarters, Mumbai.
• The meeting was chaired by Union Minister for Information & Broadcasting, Shri Ashwini
Vaishnaw.
• Attendees included Secretary, Ministry of I&B Shri Sanjay Jaju, Festival Director Shri
Shekhar Kapur, MD, NFDC Shri Prakash Magdum, senior officials from Government of
Goa, Ministry of I&B, NFDC, and members from the Indian and global film industries.
About Ministry of Information & Broadcasting :
• Cabinet Minister : Ashwini Vaishnaw
• Minister of State : L. Murugan
United Kingdom Government Proposes Lowering Voting Age to 16 and Strengthening Donation
Regulations
● The United Kingdom (U.K) Labour government announced plans to reduce the voting age
from 18 to 16, the biggest change since 1969 when it was reduced from 21 to 18.
● The proposal aligns national election voting age with that of Welsh and Scottish
legislatures and local elections in those regions.
● The policy paper also proposes tightening rules on political donations, including barring
‘shell companies’ from making donations unless they generate sufficient U.K. or Ireland
income.
About United Kingdom :
● Prime minister: Keir Starmer
● Capital: London
● Currency : Pound sterling
United States Announces Withdrawal from UNESCO Again Over National Interest Concerns and
Alleged Anti-Israel Bias

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The United States (US) has announced its decision to withdraw from UNESCO (United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) again, citing misalignment
with national interests and alleged anti-Israel rhetoric.
● The withdrawal comes two years after rejoining in 2023 under President Joe Biden,
following an earlier exit in 2018 during Donald Trump’s presidency.
French President Emmanuel Macron to Announce France’s Formal Recognition of Palestine at UN
General Assembly in September 2025
● French President Emmanuel Macron announced that France will formally recognise the
State of Palestine at the UN General Assembly in September 2025.
● France will be the most powerful European country to take this step, joining 142 countries
that already recognize or plan to recognize Palestinian statehood (as per an AFP tally).
● Macron’s move follows Israel’s bombardment of Gaza in 2023, in response to the October
7 Hamas attacks.
● Israel and the United States strongly oppose international recognition of a Palestinian state.
About France :
● President : Emmanuel Macro
● Prime Minister : François Bayrou
● Capital : Paris
United States and European Union Reach Trade Agreement to Avert 15% Tariff on Most EU
Exports, Including Automobiles
● The United States (US) and European Union (EU) have reached a trade deal to avoid a
15% tariff on most EU exports, including automobiles.
● The deal helps prevent a potential trade war, safeguarding the global economy.
● The agreement was finalized before a Friday deadline, when higher tariffs proposed by
President Donald Trump were set to begin.
About United States :
● President : Donald Trump
● Capital : Washington, D.C
● Currency : U.S. dollar ($)
About European Union :
● President of the European Council : António Costa
● President of the European Commission : Ursula von der Leyen
● Presidency of the Council of the European Union : Denmark

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Prime Minister Narendra Modi Gifts ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam’ Sapling to King Charles for Royal Estate
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi met King Charles III at his residence, Sandringham Estate
in Norfolk, England.
● PM Modi presented a tree sapling as part of his environmental initiative called “Ek Ped Maa
Ke Naam”, which encourages people to plant a tree in tribute to their mothers.
● The tree sapling, known as Davidia involucrata ‘Sonoma’ or the Sonoma dove
tree/handkerchief tree, is notable for its early flowering (2-3 years) and distinctive large
white bracts resembling handkerchiefs or doves.
● The sapling will be planted on the estate during the autumn planting season.
Environment Ministry Forms Dedicated COP-33 Cell for 2028 United Nations Climate Summit
● The Environment Ministry has established a dedicated COP-33 Cell to manage professional
and logistical requirements for the 2028 United Nations climate summit (COP 33).
● The COP-33 Cell will operate under the Climate Change Division of the ministry and will be
headed by the Joint Secretary (Climate Change). It will include officers, consultants, and
support staff.
● During COP 28 in Dubai, Prime Minister Narendra Modi proposed India as the host
country for COP 33.
● If approved by the UNFCCC, COP 33 will be the second UN climate conference hosted by
India, the first being COP 8 in New Delhi, 2002.
Syria to Conduct Parliamentary Elections in September 2025, Announces Election Committee
Head Mohammed Taha al-Ahmad
● Syria will hold parliamentary elections in September 2025, as announced by Mohammed
Taha al-Ahmad, head of the Higher Committee for People’s Assembly Elections.
● Elections will be conducted between September 15 and 20, 2025.
● These will be the first elections under new authorities after the fall of former President
Bashar al-Assad during a rebel offensive in December 2024.
● Of the 210 parliamentary seats, one-third will be appointed by interim President Ahmad
al-Sharaa, and the remaining seats will be elected.
About Syria :
● President : Ahmed al-Sharaa
● Capital : Damascus
● Currency : Syrian pound (SYP)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

China begins construction of $167.8 billion hydropower dam on Brahmaputra near Arunachal
border
● China has officially begun constructing a massive $167.8 billion hydropower dam on the
Brahmaputra River near the Indian border in Arunachal Pradesh.
● The groundbreaking ceremony was attended by Premier Li Qiang.
● Once completed, it will be the world’s largest dam with a generation capacity of 60,000
MW—three times the capacity of China’s Three Gorges Dam.
● The project includes five cascade hydropower stations, with an estimated investment of
around 2 trillion Yuan (~USD 167.8 billion).
About China:
● Capital: Beijing
● Currency: Renminbi (CNY)
● President: Xi Jinping
● Prime Minister: Li Qiang
World Health Organization launches global initiative to make eyecare affordable and accessible
for all by 2030
● The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a global initiative called SPECS 2030
to increase access to affordable and quality eye care by raising the effective coverage of
refractive error (eREC) by 40 percentage points by 2030.
● The initiative was endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2021.
● SPECS 2030 focuses on five strategic pillars:
1. Services – improving access to refractive eye care services.
2. Personnel – building workforce capacity in eyecare.
3. Education – raising public awareness about eye health.
4. Cost – reducing the price of eyeglasses and related services.
5. Surveillance – strengthening data collection and research in eye care.
About WHO :
● Formation : 7 April 1948
● Headquarters : Geneva, Switzerland
● Director-General : Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

MOUS AND AGREEMENT

Reliance Defence Partners with Coastal Mechanics to Launch Defence Maintenance, Repair, and

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Overhaul Hub in Maharashtra

● Reliance Defence, part of Reliance Infrastructure, has joined forces with U.S.-based Coastal
Mechanics Inc. to establish a state-of-the-art Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) and
upgrade facility at MIHAN, Nagpur, Maharashtra.
● This joint venture supports India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat vision by focusing on upgrading and
extending the lifecycle of ageing defence platforms.
The Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode (IIMK) and Tata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd. Forge
Strategic MoU for Power Sector Capacity Building
● The Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode (IIMK) and Tata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd.
(Tata Power-DDL) have entered a five-year MoU to jointly upskill and prepare professionals for
the evolving power distribution sector through training, research, and knowledge-sharing initiatives.
● Partnership Scope: Joint design and delivery of specialized training programmes on smart
grids, distributed generation, renewable integration, electric mobility, and AI applications in
power systems.
● Signatories: Debashis Chatterjee (Director, IIMK) and Praveen Agrawal (Tata Power-DDL).
● Duration: Five years, reinforcing a long-term collaboration dedicated to innovation and
sustainability.
India and UAE Forge Strategic Partnership in Green Steel & Premium Aluminium
● Union Steel Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy and UAE Economy Minister Abdulla Bin Touq Al Marri
met on 1 July 2025 under the India–UAE CEPA framework to explore collaboration in eco-friendly
steel and high-grade aluminium production.
Central Electricity Authority and IIT Roorkee Sign MoU to Drive Power Sector Innovation
● A Memorandum of Understanding was signed on 1 July 2025 between the Central Electricity
Authority (CEA) and IIT Roorkee to collaborate on capacity building, research, and knowledge
exchange in India’s power and energy sector.
● Signatories & Date: Signed by Shri Ghanshyam Prasad (Chairperson, CEA) and Prof. Kamal
Kishore Pant (Director, IIT Roorkee) on 01-07-2025.
National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange and India Meteorological Department Sign MoU to
Launch India’s First Parametric Weather Derivatives
● The National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX) and the India Meteorological
Department (IMD) have entered into an MoU to develop India’s first parametric weather
derivatives, enabling stakeholders to hedge climate-related risks using historical and real-time
weather data.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Kotelawala Defence University and Swami Vivekananda Cultural Centre Launch Hindi Language
Programme to Deepen India–Sri Lanka Educational Ties
● General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University (KDU) in Colombo, in collaboration with the
Swami Vivekananda Cultural Centre (SVCC), has introduced a Hindi Language Learning
Programme to foster cultural understanding and academic cooperation between India and Sri
Lanka.
● Inauguration: Launched by High Commissioner Santosh Jha and KDU Vice Chancellor Rear
Admiral HGU Dammika Kumara, attended by senior military and academic leaders.
India and Trinidad & Tobago Sign Six Key Agreements During Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Historic Visit
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Trinidad & Tobago, marking the first Indian Prime
Ministerial visit in over 25 years.
● The visit led to the signing of six important Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) in Port of
Spain, aimed at boosting cooperation in multiple sectors.
● First High-Level Visit Since 1999: PM Modi’s visit is the first by an Indian PM to Trinidad &
Tobago since 1999, symbolizing a renewed diplomatic push.
● Six Strategic MoUs Signed: The two nations signed six MoUs focusing on:
⮚ Pharmaceutical standards
⮚ Quick impact infrastructure projects
⮚ Cultural exchange
⮚ Sports development
⮚ Diplomatic training
⮚ Sharing official records and research
Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) and Sri Aurobindo Society
Sign MoU to Launch ‘Project Inclusion’ for Capacity Building in Inclusive Education
• The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) under the Union
Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment has entered into an MoU with Sri Aurobindo
Society (SAS) in New Delhi to roll out ‘Project Inclusion’—a capacity-building initiative aimed at
strengthening inclusive education across India.
• Mandate under RPwD Act, 2016: Aligns with Sections 16, 17, and 47, which
mandate inclusive education for children with disabilities.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Target Beneficiaries: Builds capabilities of educators, rehabilitation professionals, school

counsellors, general teachers, and other stakeholders to reinforce the inclusive education
ecosystem.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Namibia Visit Sees Key Agreements and Namibia’s UPI Adoption
• During Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Namibia, India and Namibia signed pivotal
agreements in business and health, made significant strides in international cooperation, and
saw Namibia become the first country to officially adopt India’s Unified Payments
Interface (UPI).
• Entrepreneurship Development Centre MoU: India and Namibia agreed to establish
an Entrepreneurship Development Centre in Namibia to train youth and support startups,
bolstering the local economy.
• Health & Medicine Cooperation MoU: A second MoU was signed to enhance medical
services, training, and technology sharing between the two countries, strengthening
Namibia’s healthcare system.
The National Education Society for Tribal Students, in collaboration with UNICEF India, Tata
Motors and Partners Launch Comprehensive Skill & Career Programs for Tribal Students
• The National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS), in collaboration with UNICEF
India, Tata Motors, and the Ex-Navodayan Foundation, has unveiled a suite of initiatives to
benefit over 1.3 lakh tribal students enrolled in Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs).
• These programmes are designed to strengthen students’ aptitude, life skills, confidence,
and job readiness through digital platforms, industry partnerships, and focused coaching.
• TALASH Platform: Introduction of the Tribal Aptitude, Life Skills and Self-Esteem Hub, a
digital portal using NCERT’s Tamanna psychometric tests to generate personalized Career
Cards and deliver modules on problem-solving, communication, and emotional
management.
Prasar Bharati Signs 3-Year MoU to Promote Handball in India
• In a key step to boost handball’s popularity nationwide, Prasar Bharati signed a three-year
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Handball Association of India (HAI).
• The MoU aims to provide wider broadcast coverage of handball events and foster
greater public interest and player participation.
India Signs 5-Year Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) Fertilizer Deal with Saudi Arabia During JP
Nadda’s Visit

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• During a three-day official visit to Saudi Arabia (July 11–13, 2025), Union Minister JP
Nadda secured long-term agreements to enhance fertilizer supply to India, while also boosting
cooperation in health and pharmaceuticals.
• India will receive 3.1 million metric tons of Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) annually
from Saudi firm Maaden for five years (2025–2030). This is a significant rise from 1.9 million
metric tons in 2024–25. The agreement may be extended for another five years.
• Agreements with Indian Firms: The supply deal involves Maaden and Indian public sector
companies like IPL, KRIBHCO, and CIL.
• Health Sector Collaboration: Nadda met with Saudi Vice Minister of Health Abdulaziz Al-
Rumaih to explore joint efforts in medical services, digital health, pharma manufacturing,
and knowledge sharing under the health MoU signed during PM Modi’s earlier visit.
Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-
Arid Tropics Join Hands to Establish JFarm Adaptive Agriculture Research & Extension Centre
in Hyderabad
• Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited (TAFE) has partnered with the International Crops
Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) to launch the ‘JFarm Adaptive
Agriculture Research & Extension Centre’ at the ICRISAT campus in Hyderabad.
• The initiative aims to enhance agricultural research and innovation in semi-arid tropical
regions, supporting sustainable and climate-resilient farming practices.
Background of JFarm Initiative
• Established: 1964 by TAFE as a CSR initiative.
• Aim: To empower farmers through research-driven agricultural solutions and training programs.
• Expansion Highlights:
• 2016: JFarm facility opened in Bhawanimandi.
• 2019: ‘JFarm and Product Training Centre’ set up in collaboration with PJTSAU,
Telangana.
• 2023: ‘JFarm and Mechanisation Centre established with VNMKV, Maharashtra.
Department of Posts & Association of Mutual Funds in India Sign Landmark MoU to Simplify
KYC for Mutual Fund Investors
• The Department of Posts (DoP) and the Association of Mutual Funds in India (AMFI) signed
a historic Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in Mumbai to streamline KYC
verification for India’s rapidly growing mutual fund investor base.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The collaboration aims to make KYC processes more accessible and efficient, particularly in
underserved regions.
• KYC Reach: The MoU targets KYC verification for approx. 24.13 crore mutual fund folios,
including 19.04 crore equity, hybrid, and solution-oriented schemes, as per AMFI’s data
(June 30, 2025).
MoU Signed Between National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual
Disabilities and Jai Vakeel Foundation for Uniform Curriculum for Children with Intellectual
Disabilities (CwID)
• To address the long-standing issue of unequal educational access for Children with Intellectual
Disabilities (CwID), the National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual
Disabilities (NIEPID) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Jai Vakeel
Foundation (JVF).
• The collaboration focuses on implementing a standardised, scalable curriculum across India.
• The signing was attended by Shri Rajesh Aggarwal, Secretary, Department of Empowerment
of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD).
Government Injects ₹27,000 Crore Equity to Boost Renewable Energy via NTPC & NLC India Ltd
• The Government of India has taken a major step toward strengthening its clean energy
transition by approving a ₹27,000 crore equity infusion into two major state-run power
companies—NTPC Ltd and NLC India Ltd (NLCIL).
• This investment is aimed at accelerating renewable energy deployment and ensuring India meets
its clean energy targets.
1. Total Equity Infusion:
• ₹27,000 crore allocated to support clean energy initiatives.
2. NTPC Ltd (via NTPC Green Energy Ltd – NGEL):
• Allocation: ₹20,000 crore (enhanced delegation).
3. NLC India Ltd (NLCIL):
• Allocation: ₹7,000 crore equity support.
National Education Society for Tribal Students and Avanti Fellows Sign MoU to Boost IIT-JEE &
NEET Coaching for Tribal Students
● The National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS) has entered a five-year MoU
with Avanti Fellows to provide focused coaching for IIT-JEE and NEET exam preparation to
tribal youth, aiming to enhance inclusive education and competitive exam participation.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Ministry of Tribal Affairs Hosts Delhi “Adi Shapath” Session to Strengthen Tribal Welfare
Partnerships
● The Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) convened the Delhi Chapter of Adi Shapath, at the
Ambedkar International Centre, bringing together over 20 partners—including PSUs,
private firms, donor agencies, and foundations—to drive Janbhagidari and boost investment
in tribal regions.
Film and Television Institute of India and Maharashtra Government Join Hands to Boost Film &
Media Skill Development
● The Film and Television Institute of India (FTII), Pune, and the Maharashtra Film, Stage &
Cultural Development Corporation Limited (MFSCDCL), Mumbai signed a Memorandum
of Understanding (MoU) to enhance skill development in film, media, and entertainment
sectors across Maharashtra, marking a strategic step toward nurturing India’s creative
economy.
● MoU Signing: The agreement was exchanged between Smt. Swati Mhase-Patil
(MFSCDCL) and Shri Dhiraj Singh (FTII), in the presence of key dignitaries including
Maharashtra CM Devendra Fadnavis, Minister Adv. Ashish Shelar, and FTII Chairman R.
Madhavan.
● Objective: To promote short-term courses in filmmaking, television production, and
technical fields using FTII’s academic expertise and MFSCDCL’s infrastructure.
India-UK Free Trade Agreement to Be Signed on July 24, 2025
● Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal will accompany Prime Minister Narendra
Modi to London for the signing of the landmark India-UK Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on
July 24, 2025.
● This follows the conclusion of negotiations on May 6, 2025, after nearly three years of
discussions between the two countries.
● The FTA aims to significantly boost bilateral trade and economic ties between India and the
UK, the world’s fifth and sixth-largest economies.
India-Maldives Sign MoU to Boost Fisheries and Aquaculture Cooperation
● During Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s state visit to Maldives, the Department of Fisheries,
Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, India, and the Ministry of
Fisheries and Ocean Resources, Maldives signed a key Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) to strengthen bilateral collaboration in fisheries and aquaculture.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Reliance Industries, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation and BP Sign Joint Operating Agreement for
Offshore Exploration
● Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) has entered into a Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) with Oil
and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) and BP Exploration (Alpha) Ltd for the offshore
Block GS-OSHP-2022/2.
● This agreement was finalized, at ONGC’s office, marking the official launch of a tripartite
collaboration for offshore hydrocarbon exploration.
Singapore Reaffirms Support for Andhra Pradesh’s Development, Including Amaravati Capital
Project
● In a renewed push for international collaboration, Singapore has expressed its willingness
to partner with Andhra Pradesh on multiple development initiatives, including the
Greenfield capital city project of Amaravati.
● Tan See Leng, Singapore’s Minister for Manpower and Second Minister for Trade and
Industry, announced support after meeting Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu in
Singapore.
Andhra Pradesh Signs MoU to Launch Creator Academy with Tesseract US Inc. & YouTube
Academy India
● In a significant move to boost the creative economy in Andhra Pradesh, the state
government signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Tesseract, US Inc., and
YouTube Academy India to establish a Creator Academy in the state.
● The agreement was signed on January 29, 2025, during a special event held in Singapore.
● The MoU was formalised in the presence of Andhra Pradesh Minister for Education, IT,
and Electronics, Nara Lokesh.
About Andhra Pradesh:
● Chief Minister: N. Chandrababu Naidu
● Governor: S. Abdul Nazeer
● Capital: Amaravati
● National Parks: Sri Venkateswara National Park, Papikonda National Park
● Wildlife Sanctuaries: Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary, Kambalakonda
Wildlife Sanctuary, Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary, Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary
Chhattisgarh Signs MoU with CBC and Karmayogi Bharat to Enhance Civil Service Capacity

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● In a significant move to strengthen the capacity-building framework for civil servants in

Chhattisgarh, the Government of Chhattisgarh, Capacity Building Commission (CBC),
and Karmayogi Bharat signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in Raipur.
About Chhattisgarh:
● Chief Minister: Vishnu Deo Sai
● Governor: Ramen Deka
● Capital: Raipur
● National Parks: Indravati National Park, Kanger Valley National Park, Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay)
National Park
● Wildlife Sanctuaries: Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary, Badalkhol Wildlife Sanctuary, Udanti
Wildlife Sanctuary, Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary.
Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade Signs MoU with Ather Energy to Boost
EV Innovation and Clean Mobility
● The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry
of Commerce and Industry signed an MoU with Ather Energy Limited, a leading Indian
electric vehicle manufacturer.
● The collaboration is a part of the Build in Bharat initiative, led by the Startup Policy Forum
(SPF), which includes 50+ innovation-driven startups.
● Objectives of the MoU:
○ Accelerate clean mobility and advanced manufacturing sectors in India.
○ Strategic mentorship for deep-tech startups.
○ Infrastructure support for startups in the EV value chain.
○ Launch of joint innovation programs like the Bharat Startup Grand Challenge.
○ Talent and skill development initiatives.
○ Participation in flagship events such as Startup Mahakumbh and exposure visits.
Odisha Signs 33 MoUs Worth $902 Million in Textile Sector at Odisha-TEX 2025
● Odisha marked a major breakthrough in its textile and apparel sector by signing 33
Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) worth $902 million (₹7,808 crore) during the
Odisha-TEX 2025 Summit held in Bhubaneswar.
● This initiative is a key component of the Odisha Apparel & Technical Textile Policy 2022,
which aims to position the state as the textile hub of eastern India.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

AWARDS AND HONOURS

Radhanath Swami Honoured by New York City for Spiritual Leadership and Interfaith
Contributions
● Renowned ISKCON leader Radhanath Swami was honoured by New York City at a special
interfaith event, for his lifelong dedication to spiritual service, humanitarian outreach, and
promoting religious harmony.
● Award Venue: Bhakti Centre, New York; event themed "Foundation of Future".
● Presented By: Dilip Chauhan, Deputy Commissioner of International Affairs, on behalf of NYC
Mayor Eric Adams.
● Reason for Recognition: Decades of community service, interfaith dialogue, and spiritual
leadership.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Conferred ‘Officer of the Order of the Star of Ghana’ During
Landmark State Visit
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi received Ghana’s highest civilian honour, the “Officer of the Order
of the Star of Ghana,” from President John Dramani Mahama, recognizing his exceptional
diplomatic leadership and commitment to South-South cooperation.
● First Indian PM in 30+ Years to Visit Ghana: Modi’s state visit revives historic ties first forged by
Nehru and Nkrumah.
● Highest Civilian Award: Officer of the Order of the Star of Ghana, conferred by President
Mahama for distinguished global leadership.
About Ghana
● Capital: Accra
● Currency: Ghanaian Cedi
● The current president of Ghana is John Dramani Mahama
S.R.N. Mehta CBSE School Team Wins NASA-NSS Space Settlement Design Contest 2025
● Students of S.R.N. Mehta CBSE School, Kalaburagi, secured first prize in the NASA-NSS Space
Settlement Design Contest 2025 (8th grade category) for their innovative “IRA” space colony
project, earning international acclaim for India.
● Contest & Participation: The NASA Ames Research Center- and National Space Society-
organized competition saw 4,900+ students from 25 countries vying to design future space
habitats.
● Winning Project – “IRA”: Developed by an 11-member team, the proposal emphasized
sustainability, safety, and green technologies in a self-supporting orbital colony.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Prime Minister Narendra Modi Conferred Trinidad and Tobago’s Highest Civilian Honour During
Historic Visit
● Prime Minister Narendra Modi was awarded the Order of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago,
the nation’s highest civilian award, during his first official visit to the Caribbean country.
● This honour recognizes his global leadership and efforts to strengthen ties with the Indian
diaspora.
● First Indian PM Visit Since 1999: PM Modi’s visit marks the first Prime Ministerial-level visit from
India to Trinidad and Tobago in over two decades.
● Award for Global Leadership & Diaspora Support: The award was given in recognition of Modi’s
international stature, his support for the Indian-origin community worldwide, and his help
during the COVID-19 pandemic.
● Presented by Trinidad PM Kamla Persad-Bissessar: The award was announced by the Prime
Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, highlighting the cultural and historical ties between the two
nations.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Honoured with ‘Key to the City of Buenos Aires’ During Historic
Argentina Visit
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi received the ‘Key to the City of Buenos Aires’, marking
a symbolic gesture of trust and friendship during his official two-day visit to Argentina—
the first by an Indian PM in 57 years.
• The recognition highlights his efforts to strengthen India–Argentina relations.
• Ceremonial Honour: The ‘Key to the City’ was presented by Jorge Macri, Chief of the City
Government of Buenos Aires, acknowledging PM Modi’s role in boosting bilateral ties.
Deepika Padukone Becomes First Indian Actress to Receive Hollywood Walk of Fame Star
• In a landmark moment for Indian cinema, Deepika Padukone has been selected to receive a
star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, making her the first Indian actress to be honoured with
this prestigious international recognition.
• Historic Recognition: Deepika Padukone becomes the first Indian actress to receive a
Hollywood Walk of Fame star, showcasing the growing influence of Indian talent on the global
stage.
• Named in TIME 100 List: Deepika was included in TIME magazine’s list of 100 most
influential people, further validating her global stature.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Conferred Namibia’s Highest Civilian Honour, ‘Order of the Most
Ancient Welwitschia Mirabilis’

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• During his one-day state visit to Namibia, Prime Minister Narendra Modi was awarded the
country’s top civilian award, the Order of the Most Ancient Welwitschia Mirabilis, by
President Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, underscoring the deepening India–Namibia strategic
partnership.
• Award Name & Significance: The Order of the Most Ancient Welwitschia Mirabilis, instituted
in 1995, symbolizes strength, resilience, and endurance, like the rare desert plant native to
Namibia.
About Namibia
• Capital: Windhoek
• Currency: Namibian Dollar
• President of Namibia: Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah
Sarankumar Limbale Honoured with 2025 Chintha Raveendran Award
• Marathi writer and critic Sarankumar Limbale has been selected to receive the Chintha
Raveendran Award 2025, recognising his impactful contributions to Dalit literature, social
thought, and human rights.
• The award will be presented on July 26 at P. Kesavamenon Hall, Kozhikode, during the annual
commemoration of Chintha Raveendran.
• About the Award: Conferred annually in memory of left-wing thinker Chintha Raveendran, it
honours a writer who has made a significant impact on literature and social issues.
V.Vedachalam Honoured with Tamil Wikki Suran Award for 51 Years of Archaeological Work
• Veteran archaeologist and epigraphist V. Vedachalam was presented with the Tamil Wikki
Suran Award in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, marking 51 years of service in the field of Tamil
archaeology and history.
• At 75 years old, he continues to inspire students, scholars, and the public with his discoveries
and commitment to uncovering and preserving Tamil heritage.
• Educational Background: Vedachalam holds an MA in Tamil Literature and a PG Diploma in
Archaeology and Epigraphy.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi Conferred Brazil’s Highest Civilian Honour – Grand Collar of the
National Order of the Southern Cross
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi has been awarded Brazil’s highest civilian honour, the Grand
Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross, in recognition of his significant role in
strengthening India-Brazil relations and enhancing India’s global influence.
• The award was conferred by Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Award Title: Grand Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross — Brazil’s most
prestigious civilian award.
• Purpose: Given to heads of state or leaders who contribute significantly to Brazil’s ties with other
countries.
Kasaragod District Wins Kerala Fisheries Department Excellence Award 2025
• Kasaragod has been honored with the Fisheries Department Excellence Award 2025 for its
exemplary implementation of the Popular Fish Farming Project, recognizing the district’s
leadership in sustainable aquaculture and community engagement.
• Best District Recognition: Kasaragod was adjudged the top district in Kerala for
its innovative and effective fisheries development initiatives under the Popular Fish Farming
Project.
• Individual Farmer Awards:
o Ravi P.P. (Padanna) secured 2nd place in the Best Backwater Fish Seed Production
Farmer category.
o Sea Pearl Aquafarm (Kumbala) claimed 3rd place for Best Innovative Fish Farming.
Telangana Wins IESA Industry Excellence Award 2025 for Battery Manufacturing Leadership
• Telangana has been awarded the prestigious IESA Industry Excellence Award 2025 in
the State Leadership – Battery Manufacturing
• The award was presented during the 11th India Energy Storage Week (IESW) held, in New
Delhi, recognizing the state’s exceptional efforts in clean energy promotion and battery
technology development.
• Award Recognition: Received by S.K. Sharma, Director of Electronics and EV&ESS, the award
acknowledges Telangana’s leadership in battery production and energy innovation.
Varsha Deshpande Wins 2025 UN Population Award for Championing Gender Equality
• Varsha Deshpande, a noted women’s rights activist from Satara, Maharashtra, was honoured
with the 2025 United Nations Population Award in the individual category for her relentless
efforts to prevent sex-selective abortions and promote gender equality.
• The award was presented on World Population Day (July 11, 2025) at a special ceremony
in New York.
Leila Aboulela Wins 2025 PEN Pinter Prize for Bold Writing on Faith and Migration
• Leila Aboulela, a Sudanese-Scottish author, has been awarded the 2025 PEN Pinter
Prize for her impactful work on themes such as faith, migration, and the lives of Muslim

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

women. The award was announced in London by English PEN and will be presented
in October 2025 at the British Library.
• Known for novels such as The Translator (1999), Minaret (2005), and River Spirit (2023).
• Her work often highlights the spiritual and cultural experiences of Muslim women in diaspora.
Former Chief Justice Kalyan Shrestha Receives Hem Bahadur Malla Award 2080
• Former Chief Justice Kalyan Shrestha was honoured with the Hem Bahadur Malla Award
2080 in Kathmandu, recognising his exceptional contributions to Nepal’s judicial
leadership and legal reforms.
• Awarding Bodies: Presented by Chief Justice Prakashman Singh Raut at an event organised
by the Nepal Public Administration Association and Salt Trading Corporation.
President Murmu Confers Kalinga Ratna Award 2024 to Dharmendra Pradhan
• At a special event in Cuttack, Odisha, President Droupadi Murmu presented the Kalinga
Ratna Award 2024 to Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan.
• The ceremony marked the 600th birth anniversary of Adikabi Sarala Das, a revered figure in
Odia literature, and emphasized the importance of linguistic diversity, cultural heritage, and
educational reform in India.
• Award Significance: The Kalinga Ratna Award, instituted by Sarala Sahitya Sansad, honours
individuals for outstanding contributions in education, literature, culture, or public service.
Deepika Sehrawat Clinches Poligras Magic Skill Award, Elevating Indian Women’s Hockey
• Deepika Sehrawat became the first-ever Indian—male or female—to win the Poligras Magic
Skill Award during the 2024–25 FIH Hockey Pro League, honouring her extraordinary solo
goal against the world-no. 1 Netherlands.
• This accolade underscores both her personal brilliance and India’s rising stature in international
women’s hockey.
Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services Conferred National Geospatial
Practitioner Award 2025 for Open-Source Ocean Services
• The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) received the National
Geospatial Practitioner Award 2025 for its outstanding application of open-source spatial
technologies in marine geospatial intelligence and ocean data services.
• The award was presented during the Open Source GIS Day (Edition 02) at IIT Bombay and
highlights INCOIS’s key role in strengthening national marine governance and environmental
protection.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Award Recognition: Presented to INCOIS Director T.M. Balakrishnan Nair by former ISRO
Chairman A.S. Kiran Kumar, emphasizing INCOIS’s national importance in ocean services.
Kerala Announces 2023 Awards for Kathakali and Classical Performing Arts
• The Government of Kerala, through the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi, has declared
the 2023 recipients of its prestigious State Kathakali Awards, Pallavur Appu Marar Vadya
Puraskaram, and Keraleeya Nritta-Natya Puraskaram, reinforcing its dedication to preserving
and promoting the state’s rich classical art traditions.
• Awarding Body: Administered by the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi under
the Department of Cultural Affairs.
• State Kathakali Awards 2023:
o Kuroor Vasudevan Namboothiri – for excellence in Chenda percussion.
o Kalamandalam Sankara Warrier – for mastery in Maddalam.
• Pallavur Appu Marar Vadya Puraskaram:
o Awarded to Mattannur Sankarankutty Marar, a noted Chenda exponent known
for rhythmic innovation.
• Keraleeya Nritta-Natya Puraskaram:
o Conferred on Kalamandalam P.N. Girijadevi for her achievements in Koodiyattam, the
ancient Sanskrit theatre tradition.
Meri Panchayat App Wins WSIS Champion Award 2025 for Grassroots Digital Governance
● India’s Meri Panchayat mobile application, developed by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj
and NIC, has won the WSIS Prizes 2025 Champion Award in the category of Cultural
Diversity and Identity, Linguistic Diversity, and Local Content, showcasing India’s
leadership in inclusive, rural-centric digital governance.
Suhani Shah Becomes First Indian to Win ‘Best Magic Creator’ at FISM 2025 – A Milestone in
Global Performing Arts
● In a historic moment for India’s performing arts community, Suhani Shah, renowned mentalist
from Rajasthan, made headlines by becoming the first Indian to win the ‘Best Magic
Creator 2025’ award at the prestigious Fédération Internationale des Sociétés Magiques
(FISM) World Championship, often referred to as the Oscars for magicians.
● The award was conferred in the Online Magic category during the event held in Torino, Italy,
from July 14–19, 2025.
About the FISM Championship
● Organiser: Fédération Internationale des Sociétés Magiques (FISM)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Founded: 1948
● Frequency: Held every three years
● Categories: Includes Stage Magic, Close-Up Magic, and Online Magic
● Prestige: Recognized as the highest global platform for magicians
Geetanjali Shree Wins PEN Translates Award 2025 for ‘Once Elephants Lived Here’
● Renowned Hindi author Geetanjali Shree, already celebrated globally for her International
Booker Prize-winning novel Tomb of Sand (Ret Samadhi), has once again brought pride to
Indian literature.
● Her latest literary work, ‘Once Elephants Lived Here’, translated into English by Daisy
Rockwell, has been selected as one of the 14 titles to win the prestigious PEN Translates
Award 2025, conferred by English PEN, a UK-based human rights and literary organisation.
● This achievement reinforces Geetanjali Shree’s position as a significant global literary
voice from India and adds another milestone to the recognition of Hindi and regional
language literature on international platforms.
About the PEN Translates Award
● The PEN Translates Award is a prominent literary award instituted by English PEN, aimed
at supporting the translation of exceptional literary works into English. The award seeks
to promote diversity in global literature by selecting works from a wide array of languages
and regions.
17 MPs honoured with Sansad Ratna Awards for Parliamentary performance
● The Sansad Ratna Awards 2025 were presented at Maharashtra Sadan in New Delhi,
honouring 17 Members of Parliament (MPs) for their outstanding contributions in the Lok
Sabha.
● These awards celebrate exemplary parliamentary performance, reinforcing the values of
democracy, accountability, and legislative productivity.
● Award Purpose: The Sansad Ratna Awards aim to acknowledge parliamentarians who
demonstrate excellence and consistency in debates, questions, private members’ bills, and
committee participation.
● Notable Winners (Lok Sabha Performance):
○ Supriya Sule – Nationalist Congress Party-Sharadchandra Pawar (NCP-SP)
○ Ravi Kishan – Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
○ Nishikant Dubey – BJP
○ Arvind Sawant – Shiv Sena–Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray (UBT)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Parag Jain Named New R&AW Chief for Fixed Two-Year Tenure
● The Union Government appointed Parag Jain, a senior Indian Police Service (IPS) officer, as
the new chief of the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) on June 28, 2025.
● Parag Jain is a 1989-batch IPS officer from the Punjab cadre.
● He will succeed the incumbent R&AW chief Ravi Sinha, who is set to retire on June 30, 2025.
● Mr. Jain will assume office on July 1, 2025, for a fixed two-year term.
Cabinet Approves Re-appointment of Ravi Agrawal as Central Board of Direct Taxes Chairman
● The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has approved the re-appointment of Ravi
Agrawal as Chairman of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT).
● His re-appointment is on a contract basis for one year, effective from July 1, 2025, to June
30, 2026, or until further orders, whichever is earlier.
● He succeeded Nitin Gupta, a 1986-batch IRS officer (IT), as CBDT Chairman in June 2024.
About CBDT :
● The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) is the apex policy-making body of the Income
Tax Department.
● CBDT is a statutory body under the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance,
Government of India.
● It oversees the administration of direct taxes, including Income Tax and Corporate Tax,
through the Income Tax Department.
● The CBDT was formed on 1 January 1964.
Air Marshal S Sivakumar VSM takes charge as Air Officer-in-Charge Administration
● Air Marshal S Sivakumar VSM assumed the appointment of Air Officer-in-Charge
Administration (AOA) at Air HQ, New Delhi on 01 July 2025.
● Commissioned into the Administration branch of the Indian Air Force (IAF) in June 1990.
Reserve Bank of India names Kesavan Ramachandran as new Executive Director
● The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has appointed Kesavan Ramachandran as Executive
Director (ED) effective July 1, 2025.
● As ED, he will oversee the Department of Regulation (Prudential Regulation Division).
● Before this promotion, he was the Principal Chief General Manager in the Risk Monitoring
Department.
Sunil Kadam appointed as new Executive Director of Securities and Exchange Board of India

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Sunil Jayawant Kadam took charge as Executive Director (ED) of Securities and Exchange
Board of India (SEBI), promoted from his earlier role as Chief General Manager (CGM).
● He will oversee multiple departments including Information Technology, Investor Assistance
and Education, and matters related to the National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM).
● His responsibilities also include Economic and Policy Analysis, General Services, Board
Cell, RTI (Right to Information), and PQ Cell.
Government Extends Term of Financial Services Institutions Bureau Chairperson and Members
Till June 2026
● The government has extended the tenure of the chairperson and other members of the
Financial Services Institutions Bureau (FSIB) by one year, now up to June 30, 2026.
● FSIB is the headhunter responsible for appointing directors of state-owned banks and
financial institutions.
● The current chairperson of FSIB is Bhanu Pratap Sharma, former Secretary of the
Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT).
● The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet approved the extension effective from July 1,
2025, to June 30, 2026 or until further orders.
● The FSIB’s tenure was also extended by one year last year.
● Other members include Animesh Chauhan (former Chairman & MD of Oriental Bank of
Commerce), Deepak Singhal (former RBI Executive Director), and Shailendra Bhandari
(former MD of ING Vysya Bank).
Fairfax Names NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant as Senior Advisor
● Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited appointed former NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant as a
senior advisor.
● India is pursuing an ambitious roadmap to become a developed economy by 2047, aiming to
grow from a $4 trillion economy to a $30+ trillion powerhouse under the ‘Viksit Bharat’
initiative.
● As CEO of NITI Aayog, Amitabh Kant was a key driver behind the Aspirational Districts
Programme, which focused on uplifting India’s most disadvantaged regions.
● During his tenure as Secretary of the Department of Promotion of Industry and Internal
Trade (DPIIT), he led major reforms, including:Make in India campaign,Startup India
campaign,Resulting in a significant improvement in ease of doing business rankings by 79
places.
IndiGo Operator InterGlobe Aviation Appoints Amitabh Kant as Non-Executive Director

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● InterGlobe Aviation, the operator of IndiGo, India’s largest domestic airline, has appointed
Amitabh Kant as a non-executive director on its board.
● Amitabh Kant recently joined as an advisor with Canadian investment firm Fairfax Financial
Holdings.
A23 Appoints Vicky Kaushal as Brand Ambassador
● Head Digital Works (A23), India's leading online skill-gaming company with over 80 million
registered players, has launched the EPIC Poker Championship.
● Vicky Kaushal has been appointed as the brand ambassador of A23 and features in the
campaign for the EPIC Poker Championship.
● The EPIC Poker Championship is a 19-day multiple-format poker festival with a guaranteed
prize pool and will conclude with a mega finale in Goa.
Suriname’s Parliament Elects Jennifer Geerlings-Simons as First Female President
• Suriname’s Parliament elected Jennifer Geerlings-Simons as the country’s first female
President.
• She was elected unopposed by a two-thirds vote in the National Assembly after her party
formed a coalition post-May elections with no clear winner.
• Geerlings-Simons leads the National Democratic Party (NDP) and will be inaugurated on July
16, 2025.
Hardeep Singh Brar Appointed as New President & CEO of BMW Group India from September 1,
2025
• BMW Group India has announced that Hardeep Singh Brar will assume the role of President
and CEO from September 1, 2025, replacing Vikram Pawah, who will lead BMW’s operations
in Australia and New Zealand.
• Experienced Industry Leader: Hardeep Singh Brar brings over 30 years of experience in the
Indian automotive sector. He has held leadership roles at Kia India, Maruti Suzuki,
Volkswagen, General Motors, Nissan, and Great Wall Motors.
Sabih Khan Appointed Apple’s Chief Operating Officer to Navigate Global Operations
• Apple Inc. announced that Sabih Khan, its long-serving Senior Vice President of Operations,
will succeed Jeff Williams as Chief Operating Officer (COO), overseeing the
company’s manufacturing, supply chain, and sustainability efforts.
• Extensive Tenure at Apple: Joined in 1995 in procurement and rose to SVP of
Operations in 2019, steering supply-chain resilience through the COVID-19
pandemic and geopolitical tensions.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Sanjog Gupta Named as New International Cricket Council Chief Executive Officer
• The International Cricket Council (ICC) has appointed Sanjog Gupta as its new Chief
Executive Officer (CEO), effective July 7, 2025.
• He is the 7th CEO of the
• Sanjog Gupta currently serves as CEO – Sports & Live Experiences at JioStar, with 20+ years
of experience in media, entertainment, and sports.
• The appointment was approved by ICC Chairman Jay Shah after thorough assessment and
evaluation.
• Sanjog Gupta replaced Geoff Allardice, who stepped down in January 2025. Allardice served
as interim CEO in 2020 and full-time CEO from 2021.
About ICC :
• The ICC is the global governing body for cricket, responsible for overseeing and regulating
international cricket.
• Founded in 1909 as the Imperial Cricket Conference, renamed International Cricket
Conference in 1965, and became the International Cricket Council in 1989.
• ICC Headquarters are in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Cellular Operators Association of India Renews Abhijit Kishore’s Term as Chairperson, Rahul
Vatts as Vice Chairperson
• The Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) has reappointed Abhijit
Kishore as Chairperson and Rahul Vatts as Vice Chairperson for the 2025-26 term.
• Abhijit Kishore is the Chief Operating Officer (COO) of Vodafone Idea Ltd with over 30
years of experience in the Indian telecom industry.
• Rahul Vatts is the Chief Regulatory Officer at Bharti Airtel, with expertise in telecom and
broadcasting licensing, economic regulations, spectrum management, and regulatory
litigation.
About COAI :
• Formation : 1995
• Headquarters : New Delhi, India
Indian-American Sabih Khan Appointed as Apple’s New Chief Operating Officer
• Sabih Khan, an Indian American techie, has been appointed as the new Chief Operating
Officer (COO) of Apple Inc., succeeding Jeff Williams later in July 2025.
• Khan has worked with Apple for over 30 years and is currently the company’s Vice-President.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Apple CEO Tim Cook praised Khan as a “brilliant strategist” and a key architect of Apple’s
global supply chain.
• Khan is credited with helping Apple remain nimble amid global challenges and reducing
Apple’s carbon footprint by more than 60%.
Federal Bank Promotes Chief Financial Officer Venkatraman Venkateswaran to Executive Director
• Federal Bank has promoted its Group President and Chief Financial Officer (CFO),
Venkatraman Venkateswaran, to the position of Executive Director.
• The promotion received approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• His three-year term as Executive Director begins from July 10.
• Initially, he will serve as Additional Executive Director, pending shareholder approval at
the upcoming Annual General Meeting (AGM) or within three months, whichever is earlier.
Digital Connexion Names CR Srinivasan as Chief Executive Officer to Drive AI Expansion Plans
• Digital Connexion, a provider of scalable data centre, colocation, and interconnection
solutions, appointed CR Srinivasan as its Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
• Digital Connexion is a joint venture (JV) between Brookfield Asset Management, Reliance
Industries Limited, and Digital Realty.
• The company is investing in over 140MW of AI-ready data centre capacity across Chennai
and Mumbai to meet growing hyperscale and enterprise demand.
Priya Nair Appointed as Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of Hindustan Unilever
Limited
• Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) has appointed Priya Nair as its next Chief Executive
Officer (CEO) and Managing Director (MD), effective August 1, 2025.
• Priya Nair will be the first woman CEO and MD of the FMCG major.
• She is currently President, Beauty and Well-Being at Unilever.
• She will also join the HUL Board, subject to necessary approvals, and will remain a member of
the Unilever Leadership Executive.
• Rohit Jawa, current CEO and MD, will step down on July 31, 2025 to pursue new personal and
professional opportunities.
Linda Yaccarino Resigns as Chief Executive Officer of Elon Musk-Owned X in Unexpected Move
• Linda Yaccarino, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Elon Musk-owned X (formerly Twitter),
has stepped down from her role in a surprise move.
• Her resignation comes just months after X was acquired by Musk’s AI startup, xAI.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• No specific reason for the resignation was provided, and both X and Yaccarino declined to
comment.
Aditya Birla Group Chairman Kumar Mangalam Birla Appointed to USISPF Executive Committee
and Board of Directors
• Kumar Mangalam Birla, Chairman of the Aditya Birla Group, has been appointed to
the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee of the U.S.-India Strategic Partnership
Forum (USISPF).
• The Aditya Birla Group is the largest Indian greenfield investor in the United States,
with investments exceeding $15 billion.
• The Group has operations in 15 U.S. states across sectors such as metals, carbon black, and
chemicals.
Govind Mohan’s Term as Union Home Secretary Extended Until August 2026
• The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has approved the extension of Union
Home Secretary Govind Mohan’s tenure till August 22, 2026.
• Govind Mohan is a 1989 batch IAS officer from the Sikkim cadre.
• He was appointed as Union Home Secretary in August 2024, succeeding Ajay Kumar
Bhalla, who completed his tenure on August 22, 2024.
• The extension is valid till August 22, 2026 or until further orders.
Sukanya Sonowal of IIT Guwahati Named Commonwealth Youth Peace
Ambassador
• Sukanya Sonowal, from Lakhimpur district, Assam, has been selected as a Commonwealth
Youth Peace Ambassador.
• She is now a member of the Executive Committee of the Commonwealth Youth Peace
Ambassador Network (CYPAN).
• She has been appointed as the Lead – Communications & Public Relations for a two-year
term (2025–2027).
Manish Chopra Named New Chief Executive Officer of Aditya Birla-Owned Sabyasachi Couture
• Aditya Birla Group-owned Sabyasachi Couture has appointed Manish Chopra as its
new Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
• Chopra previously worked with Reliance Retail-backed Shein India and was earlier with Meta.
• His appointment comes as India’s luxury apparel market is witnessing a revival post a
subdued 2024.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Indian luxury brands like Sabyasachi, Manish Malhotra, and Gaurav Gupta are expanding
globally.
• Chopra had joined Reliance Retail Ventures in mid-2023 to lead Shein India’s operations, but
Shein’s consumer app is still in early stages in India.
Centre Names Abhijat Sheth as New Chairperson of National Medical Commission
• The Union Cabinet has appointed Abhijat Sheth as the new Chairperson of the National
Medical Commission (NMC).
• He replaces Suresh Gangadhar, who stepped down due to health concerns.
• Abhijat Sheth is a cardiothoracic surgeon and also serves as the President of the National
Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences (NBEMS).
About National Medical Commission :
• Formation : 25-September-2020
• Headquarters : New Delhi, India
President Murmu Nominates Former Foreign Secretary Shringla, 26/11 Prosecutor Nikam, and
Two Others to Rajya Sabha
• On July 14, 2025, President Droupadi Murmu nominated four eminent individuals to
the Rajya Sabha under Article 80(1)(a) and 80(3) of the Indian Constitution.
• The nominees are:
1. Harsh Vardhan Shringla – Former Foreign Secretary and Chief Coordinator of G20 Summit
2023
2. Ujjwal Nikam – Special Public Prosecutor in the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks case
3. C. Sadanandan – BJP leader from Kerala, former teacher, and social worker
4. Meenakshi Jain – Delhi-based historian, Padma Shri awardee, known for her work on Indian
history and British rule
Sonali Mishra Appointed as First Woman Chief of Railway Protection Force
• Sonali Mishra, a 1993-batch IPS officer of the Madhya Pradesh cadre, has been appointed as
the first woman Director General (DG) of the Railway Protection Force (RPF).
• Her appointment was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet, and she will
serve until her superannuation on October 31, 2026.
• She will take over from the current DG, Manoj Yadava, who is due to retire on July 31, 2025.
• Mishra is currently serving as Additional Director General (Selection) in the Madhya Pradesh
Police.
Centre approves transfers and appointments of Chief Justices and judges across multiple High

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Courts
• The Central Government on July 14, 2025, approved the transfers and
appointments of Chief Justices and judges across various High Courts in India.
• The decision was made in consultation with the Chief Justice of India, under the powers of
the Constitution of India.
• The recommendations were made by the Supreme Court Collegium, headed by Chief Justice
B.R. Gavai
Key Transfers of Chief Justices:
• Justice K.R. Shriram (Chief Justice of Madras High Court) → Rajasthan High Court
• Justice Manindra Mohan Shrivastava (Chief Justice of Rajasthan High Court) → Madras
High Court
• Justice M.S. Ramachandra Rao (Chief Justice of Jharkhand High Court) → Tripura High
Court
• Justice Aparesh Kumar Singh (Chief Justice of Tripura High Court) → Telangana High Court
Goa and Haryana get new Governors; Ladakh appoints new Lieutenant Governor
• Kavinder Gupta, former Deputy Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, has been
appointed Lieutenant Governor of Ladakh, replacing B.D. Mishra.
• B.D. Mishra had been serving since February 12, 2023, after replacing R.K. Mathur.
• His resignation was accepted by the President.
• Pusapati Ashok Gajapathi Raju, former Civil Aviation Minister, has been appointed
the Governor of Goa.
• He replaces P.S. Sreedharan Pillai, who became Governor on July 15, 2021.
Raghavendra Bhat named Interim MD & CEO of Karnataka Bank for three months
• Raghavendra S Bhat appointed as Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer
(CEO) of Karnataka Bank for three months, effective 16 July 2025, subject to shareholders’
approval at the upcoming Annual General Meeting (AGM).
• Bhat has nearly four decades of experience at Karnataka Bank, including serving as the Chief
Operating Officer (COO).
• Srikrishnan Hari Hara Sarma, former MD & CEO, resigned citing personal reasons, including
his decision to relocate to Mumbai.
Citi India’s Commercial Banking Head steps down after 25-year tenure
• Bhanu Vohra, India Head and Managing Director (MD) of Commercial Banking at Citigroup
India, has exited the bank after 25 years to pursue external opportunities.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Citi confirmed Vohra’s departure and is in the process of appointing his successor
• Vohra joined Citi in November 2000
Celonis names ex-Deutsche India CEO Dilipkumar Khandelwal as Chief Customer Officer
• Celonis, a leading Process Mining company, has appointed Dilipkumar Khandelwal as its
new Chief Customer Officer.
• Khandelwal is also named Chairman of the India Advisory Board for Celonis.
• He will lead Celonis’ continued expansion in India, a key market for innovation and talent.
Shekhar Bhende resigns as co-founder of Swiggy group company Lynk Logistics
• Shekhar Bhende, co-founder of Lynk Logistics (a subsidiary of Swiggy), has stepped
down from the company.
• Bhende is leaving to pursue studies at Stanford University Graduate School of Business.
• Lynk is a tech-driven retail distribution company connecting FMCG brands with retail stores.
• Played a key role in Swiggy’s grocery retail business expansion through Instamart.
Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages Appoints New Chief Executive Officer
• The Coca-Cola Company announced that Hemant Rupani will join Hindustan Coca-Cola
Beverages Pvt. Ltd. (HCCB) as CEO, effective September 8, 2025.
• Hemant Rupani succeeds Juan Pablo Rodriguez, the outgoing CEO moving to another role
within the Coca-Cola system.
• Hemant Rupani will report to the HCCB board of directors.
• Prior to this, Hemant spent nine years at Mondelez International Inc., currently serving
as business unit president for Southeast Asia (countries include Indonesia, Philippines,
Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand).
R Doraiswamy Assumes Charge as CEO and Managing Director of LIC
• R Doraiswamy has officially taken charge as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Managing
Director (MD) of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
• His tenure is for a three-year term or until he turns 62, whichever is earlier.
• He succeeds interim CEO Sat Pal Bhanoo, who held the post from June 8, following the end
of Siddhartha Mohanty’s term on June 7.
• Doraiswamy is a LIC veteran with 38 years of experience and has served as one of LIC’s four
Managing Directors since September 2023.
Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal Steps Down, Paving Way for Major Cabinet
Reshuffle

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Ukraine’s Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal announced his resignation on July 15, 2025,
marking the first formal step toward a significant government reshuffle under President
Volodymyr Zelenskyy.
• President Zelenskyy offered the Prime Minister position to Yuliia Svyrydenko, a 39-year-old
Deputy Prime Minister and the country’s first female Economy Minister.
• Yuliia Svyrydenko has played a key role in Negotiating the U.S.–Ukraine mineral agreement.
• Representing Ukraine in high-level talks with Western partners focusing on:Defense
cooperation, Economic recovery, Reconstruction
About Ukraine :
• Capital: Kyiv
• President: Volodymyr Zelenskyy
• Currency: Ukrainian hryvnia
New Chief Secretary Appointed in Manipur as President’s Rule Likely to be Extended
• The Centre appointed Puneet Kumar Goel, a 1991-batch IAS officer, as the Chief Secretary
of Manipur amid the likely extension of President’s Rule in the state.
• Puneet Kumar Goel is the fourth Chief Secretary to head the Manipur administration since the
outbreak of ethnic violence in May 2023.
• He replaces Prashant Kumar Singh, a 1993-batch IAS officer, who has been
appointed Secretary, National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST).
Former CBDT Chairman Nitin Gupta named NFRA Chairperson for three-year tenure
• The Cabinet’s appointments committee approved the appointment of Nitin Gupta, a 1986-
batch retired Indian Revenue Service (IRS) officer, as Chairperson of the National
Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA).
• Gupta is a former Chairperson of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) and will
succeed Ravneet Kaur, the acting chairperson of NFRA.
• His term is for three years or until he reaches the age of 65, whichever is earlier.
Yulia Svyrydenko, appointed as Ukraine’s 19th Prime Minister and first new PM in five years
● Yulia Svyrydenko, aged 39, has been appointed as Ukraine’s Prime Minister, becoming the
19th Prime Minister (PM) and the first new PM in five years.
● Her appointment is part of President Volodymyr Zelenskiy’s major cabinet overhaul aimed
at improving wartime management.
About Ukraine :
● Capital: Kyiv

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● President: Volodymyr Zelenskyy

● Currency: Ukrainian hryvnia
Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar Steps Down Due to Health Reasons
● Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar resigned from office citing health concerns and need for
medical advice.
● Resignation was addressed to President Droupadi Murmu and took effect immediately
under Article 67(a) of the Constitution.
● Dhankhar’s tenure was till 2027, but he resigned on the first day of the Monsoon session of
Parliament.
● He is the third Vice President of India to resign before completing term, after V V Giri and R
Venkataraman, who resigned to contest Presidential elections.
Deepak Bagla Takes Over as Mission Director of Atal Innovation Mission
● Deepak Bagla has officially assumed charge as the Mission Director of the Atal
Innovation Mission (AIM).
● Bagla has an extensive background in banking, investment promotion, policy advisory,
and institutional leadership across multilateral institutions, private sector, and
government.
● Previously, he was the Managing Director & CEO of Invest India, the national investment
promotion and facilitation agency of the Government of India.
Anup Saha Steps Down as Managing Director of Bajaj Finance
● Bajaj Finance shares slipped by 1% on the BSE following the resignation of its newly
appointed Managing Director (MD) Anup Kumar Saha within three months of taking charge.
● The share price hit an intraday low of ₹939.9 per share, despite a positive Sensex
● Anup Saha resigned citing personal reasons, effective from July 21, 2025.
Renault Appoints Stephane Deblaise as New Chief Executive Officer for India
● Renault Group appointed Stephane Deblaise as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Renault
Group in India, effective September 1, 2025.
● Deblaise will be responsible for defining and executing Renault’s strategy in India, with all
Renault Group entities in the country reporting to him.
● He will report directly to Francois Provost, Renault Group’s Chief of Procurement,
Partnerships, and Public Affairs Officer.
IAS Officer Sanjay Kaul Assumes Role as MD & CEO of GIFT City

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Sanjay Kaul, senior IAS officer of Kerala cadre, took charge as Managing Director (MD)
and Group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT
City) on July 21, 2025.
● GIFT City is India’s first International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) and a flagship
Smart City project located in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
● Sanjay Kaul succeeds Tapan Ray, a retired IAS officer who served as MD and Group CEO
since 2019 and was instrumental in steering GIFT City.
Ashim Kumar Ghosh Takes Oath as Governor of Haryana
● Ashim Kumar Ghosh, noted academician and political leader, was sworn in as the 19th
Governor of Haryana on July 21, 2025.
● The oath of office was administered by Chief Justice Sheel Nagu of Punjab and Haryana
High Court at the Haryana Raj Bhavan.
● Ashim Kumar Ghosh is 81 years old and succeeded Bandaru Dattatraya as Governor.
Gita Gopinath to Exit International Monetary Fund in August, Returning to Harvard
● Gita Gopinath, the First Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund
(IMF), will step down by the end of August 2025 to return to Harvard University as a
Professor of Economics.
● She joined the IMF in 2019 as its first female Chief Economist, and was promoted to First
Deputy Managing Director in January 2022.
● IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva will announce her successor in due course.
IKEA India names Patrik Antoni as new CEO following Susanne Pulverer’s resignation
● IKEA India appointed Patrik Antoni as the new Chief Executive Officer (CEO), effective
August 2025.
● Antoni will oversee retail operations in India and coordinate with Ingka Group companies on
common subjects.
● He succeeds Susanne Pulverer, who resigned after 28 years with IKEA.
● IKEA India currently operates three large-format stores (Hyderabad, Navi Mumbai,
Bengaluru) and one city store in Worli, Mumbai.
Ashok Chaudhary appointed as Chairman of Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation
● Ashok Chaudhary has been elected as the new Chairman of the Gujarat Cooperative Milk
Marketing Federation (GCMMF), which owns the Amul
● Gordhan Dhameliya has been elected as the new Vice-Chairman of GCMMF.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Ashok Chaudhary is also the Chairman of Mehsana District Cooperative Milk Producers’
Union Ltd (Dudhsagar Dairy).
About GCMMF :
● GCMMF was founded in 1973 by Verghese Kurien, the father of India’s White Revolution.
● GCMMF is India’s largest dairy cooperative, with a turnover of ₹90,000 crore.
● GCMMF collects over 300 lakh litres of milk daily.
Axis Bank appoints Neeraj Gambhir as Executive Director; Arjun Chowdhry resigns from senior
management post
● Axis Bank announced two senior management changes:
● Neeraj Gambhir was promoted as Executive Director (ED) for a 3-year term.
● Arjun Chowdhry, Group Executive – Affluent Banking, Cards, resigned to pursue an
entrepreneurial path.
● Gambhir’s appointment will be effective from August 4, 2025, or upon RBI approval,
whichever is later.
Ajay Seth Appointed as Chairman of Chairman of the Insurance Regulatory and Development
Authority of India
● Government of India appointed Ajay Seth, the former Secretary of Finance and Economic
Affairs, as the new Chairman of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of
India (IRDAI).
● The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) approved his appointment.
Indira Gandhi National Open University Appoints Prof Uma Kanjilal as Its First Woman Vice-
Chancellor
● Prof Uma Kanjilal has been appointed as the new Vice-Chancellor (VC) of Indira Gandhi
National Open University (IGNOU), becoming the first woman to hold this prestigious
position.
● She has been serving as acting VC since July 25, 2024, and has over 36 years of
experience in Open and Distance Learning (ODL).
● Previously, she was Pro-Vice-Chancellor of IGNOU from March 2021 to July 2024.
Kamal Haasan and Three DMK MPs Sworn In as Rajya Sabha Members from Tamil Nadu
● Kamal Haasan, founder of Makkal Needhi Maiam (MNM), was sworn in as a Rajya Sabha
member from Tamil Nadu.
● Other members sworn in include:
● P.Wilson (former Additional Advocate-General, sitting Rajya Sabha MP)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Poet Rajathi (Salma)

● S.R. Sivalingam
● All four were elected with support from DMK and allies and took the oath in Tamil.
Anuradha Thakur Appointed as Director on RBI’s Central Board by Centre
● The Central Government has appointed Anuradha Thakur, Secretary of the Department
of Economic Affairs (DEA), as a Director on the Central Board of the Reserve Bank of
India (RBI).
● She replaces Ajay Seth, the recently retired Finance Secretary, who has been appointed
as the Chairman of IRDAI (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India).
● Thakur’s appointment is effective from July 24, as announced by the RBI.
Nirmal Minda Appointed as New President of ASSOCHAM
● Nirmal K. Minda is set to become the new President of ASSOCHAM (Associated
Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India), succeeding Sanjay Nayar.
● He is currently the Executive Chairman of Uno Minda, a leading auto components
manufacturer.
● Minda has been appointed as Senior Vice-President of ASSOCHAM.
● Amitabh Chaudhry, MD & CEO of Axis Bank, is set to become the Vice-President of
ASSOCHAM, subject to RBI approval.
About ASSOCHAM :
● Founded : 1920
● Headquarters : New Delhi, India
● ASSOCHAM is one of India’s oldest and leading industry chambers.
Government proposes one-year extension for NTPC Chairman and Managing Director Gurdeep
Singh until July 31, 2026
● The government has proposed to extend the tenure of Gurdeep Singh, Chairman and
Managing Director (CMD) of NTPC, by one year until 31 July 2026.
● Gurdeep Singh was originally due to retire on July 31, 2025, but will now continue to lead
India’s largest power producer under the Ministry of Power till July-end 2026.
● The extension comes as the Public Enterprises Selection Board (PESB) was unable to
find a suitable successor despite advertising the post in October 2024.
Government extends Department of Telecommunications official Ravi A Robert Jerard’s
additional charge as Chairman and Managing Director of Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited and
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited for second time

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The government has extended the additional charge of DoT senior official Ravi A Robert
Jerard as Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of telecom PSUs BSNL and MTNL for
the second time.
● Jerard was appointed CMD of the telecom PSUs on July 14, 2024, after the Appointment
Committee of Cabinet (ACC) denied extension to the then CMD PK Purwar.
● During his tenure, Ravi Jerard has played a key role in expediting the installation of
BSNL’s 4G network and finalising the tender for BharatNet Phase 3.
India-born Shailesh Jejurikar to become Procter & Gamble CEO from January 1, 2026
● Shailesh Jejurikar, an India-native, has been appointed as the next President and Chief
Executive Officer (CEO) of Procter & Gamble (P&G), effective January 1, 2026,
succeeding Jon Moeller.
● He joined P&G in 1989 as an assistant brand manager and has served as the company’s
Chief Operating Officer (COO) for over six years.

APPS & PORTALS

Government Upgrades Sugamya Bharat App to Enhance Accessibility for Divyangjan and Senior
Citizens
● The Sugamya Bharat App (SBA) is a flagship initiative of the Government of India focused
on enhancing accessibility for divyangjan (persons with disabilities) and elderly citizens.
● SBA was launched in 2021 by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities
(DEPwD), under the Union Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.
● The app was recently revamped to offer a more user-friendly and impactful experience.
About Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment :
● Cabinet Minister : Virendra Kumar Khatik
● Minister of State :Ramdas Athawale,B. L. Verma
National Sample Survey Office (NSO), under Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
Launches GoIStats Mobile App on Statistics Day 2025
● The National Sample Survey Office (NSO), under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI), launched the GoIStats mobile application on Statistics Day 2025.
● The GoIStats app aims to make official statistics more accessible and user-centric for all
citizens.
● The app aligns with NSO's vision of building an inclusive data ecosystem, allowing
stakeholders to access government data on the go.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The 19th Statistics Day was celebrated on 29th June 2025 at Dr. Ambedkar International
Centre, New Delhi.
● Statistics Day (29th June 2025) is observed every year to commemorate the birth anniversary
of Professor Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, a pioneer in statistics and economic
planning.
● Statistics Day has been celebrated since 2007, each year with a theme of national
relevance.
● The theme for 2025 is “75 Years of National Sample Survey”, celebrating the NSS's
contribution to providing reliable and timely statistical data.
Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw launches ‘RailOne’ app on CRIS 40th Foundation Day
in New Delhi
● Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw launched the ‘RailOne’ app on the 40th
Foundation Day of the Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS) at India Habitat
Centre, New Delhi.
● The ‘RailOne’ app is an all-in-one railway passenger services platform with a user-friendly
interface.
● The new PRS, expected to be ready by December 2025, will be:Multilingual, Agile,Scalable,
● Capable of handling 1.5 lakh ticket bookings and 40 lakh enquiries per minute.
● These developments reflect Indian Railways' commitment to technology-driven, inclusive, and
efficient passenger services.
About Ministry of Railways :
● Cabinet Minister : Ashwini Vaishnaw
● Minister of State : V. Somanna, Ravneet Singh Bittu
● Chairman & CEO, Railway Board : Satish Kumar
Government Plans to Shift Health Claims Portal to Finance Ministry to Curb Inflated Costs
• The Finance Ministry (FinMin) is seeking to take control of the National Health Claims
Exchange (NHCX), currently managed by the Health Ministry, to improve transparency in
health insurance claims and reduce consumer grievances.
• The Department of Financial Services (DFS) under FinMin is coordinating with the Prime
Minister’s Office (PMO) for this transfer.
• The objective is to create a single platform connecting insurance companies, healthcare
providers, and insured individuals for better regulation under the Insurance Regulatory and
Development Authority of India (IRDAI).

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Elon Musk Unveils Baby Grok: A Child-Safe, Educational Version of xAI’s Chatbot
● Elon Musk, CEO of xAI, announced Baby Grok, a kid-friendly version of the Grok AI
chatbot, designed for safe and educational interactions with children.
● Baby Grok will contain only kid-friendly content, addressing concerns about the original
Grok chatbot being too sexualised and giving foul-mouthed replies.
● Grok AI, launched in 2023 by xAI, is Musk’s response to other AI chatbots like OpenAI’s
ChatGPT, Meta’s Llama, and Google’s Gemini.

RANKING AND INDEX

Global Unicorn Index 2025: India Ranks 3rd with 64 Startups in Billion-Dollar Club
● The Hurun Global Unicorn Index 2025, released by the Hurun Research Institute, reveals that
the world now hosts 1,523 unicorns—privately held startups valued at over $1 billion—with a
collective worth of $5.6 trillion, showing rapid growth in innovation and entrepreneurship.
Top 10 Countries by Number of Unicorns (2025):
Rank Country Total Unicorns Key Cities (Global
Rank)

1 United States 758 San Francisco (1), New

York (2), Boston (10)

2 China 343 Beijing (3), Shanghai (4),

Shenzhen (6)
3 India 64 Bengaluru (7), Mumbai
(22), Gurugram (27)

4 United Kingdom 61 London (5)

5 Germany 36 Berlin (13)

6 France 30 Paris (8)

7 Canada 28 Toronto (24)

8 Israel 20 Tel Aviv (24)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

9 South Korea 18 Seoul (17)

9 Singapore 18 Singapore (14)

● India ranks 3rd globally with 64 unicorns, indicating its growing global startup influence.
● Top Indian unicorns (by valuation):
o Zerodha – $8.2 billion
o Dream11 – $8 billion
o Razorpay – $7.5 billion
● Key sectors: Fintech, Edtech, Gaming
● Major unicorn hubs: Bengaluru, Mumbai, Gurugram
Top Cities Globally (by Unicorn Count):
1. San Francisco – 199
2. New York – 142
3. Beijing – 91
4. Shanghai – 69
5. London – 55
6. Shenzhen – 46
7. Bengaluru – 36
8. Paris – 32
9. Palo Alto – 30
10. Boston – 27
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Index 2025: Top 10 Best and Worst Performing
Countries
● The 2025 Sustainable Development Report by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions
Network (SDSN) highlights global progress and challenges towards the 2030 SDG targets.
● It reveals that none of the 17 SDGs are fully on track, with only 17% of targets progressing as
planned.
Top 10 Countries in SDG Index 2025
● Europe, especially the Nordic countries, continue to lead in sustainable development with strong
performance in education, gender equality, climate action, and peace.
Rank Country Score (2025)
1 Finland 87.0
2 Sweden 85.7

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

3 Denmark 85.3
4 Germany 83.7
5 France 83.1
6 Austria 83.0
7 Norway 82.7
8 Croatia 82.4
9 Poland 82.1
10 Czechia 81.9
Bottom 10 Countries in SDG Index 2025
Countries with conflict, instability, and economic challenges rank lowest due to fiscal constraints, natural
disasters, violence, and poor basic services.
Rank Country Score (2025)

167 South Sudan 41.6

166 Central African Republic 45.2

165 Chad 46.0

164 Somalia 46.1

163 Yemen, Republic 47.7

162 Congo, Dem. Rep. 48.2

161 Sudan 49.1

160 Afghanistan 49.1

159 Niger 50.3

158 Madagascar 51.0

Nvidia on Track to Become the World’s Most Valuable Company

● Nvidia’s market capitalization has soared to $3.92 trillion, driven by unprecedented demand for
its AI chips, positioning it to surpass Apple and redefine the technology landscape.
● Record Market Cap: Reached $3.92 trillion, eclipsing Apple’s $3.915 trillion peak on December
26, 2024.
● Major Customers: Microsoft, Amazon, Meta, Alphabet, and Tesla are all investing heavily in
Nvidia’s GPUs for their AI data centers.
India’s Record-Breaking Feat at FISU World University Games 2025 – Rhine-Ruhr, Germany

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• India achieved a major milestone at the FISU World University Games 2025, held in Rhine-
Ruhr, Germany, as swimmers Srihari Nataraj and Benediction Rohit set new national records,
showcasing India’s growing prowess in international swimming.
• The FISU World University Games (also called the Universiade) is a global multi-sport
event for university athletes.
• The 2025 edition is hosted in Rhine-Ruhr, Germany.
India Shines at 66th International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) 2025
• India has delivered an outstanding performance at the 66th International Mathematical
Olympiad (IMO) 2025, held in Sunshine Coast, Australia, by securing a total of 6 medals and
achieving its highest-ever score in the competition.
Medal Tally for India – IMO 2025:
• Gold Medals (3):
o Kanav Talwar – Delhi
o Arav Gupta – Delhi
o Aditya Mangudi – Maharashtra
• Silver Medals (2):
o Abel George Mathew – Karnataka
o Adish Jain – Delhi
• Bronze Medal (1):
o Archit Manas – Delhi
Delhi Ranked World’s Most Affordable Student City in Quacquarelli Symonds Best Student Cities
Rankings 2026
• The QS Best Student Cities Rankings 2026, published by Quacquarelli
Symonds, highlighted significant progress for India’s education hubs, with Delhi, Mumbai,
Bengaluru, and Chennai all climbing in the global rankings.
• Most notably, Delhi secured the top position as the world’s most affordable student city,
enhancing India’s appeal as a destination for higher education.
• Mumbai returned to the top 100, ranking 98th globally.
• Bengaluru jumped 22 places to 108th.
• Chennai rose from 140th to 128th.
India’s passport ranking jumps from 85 to 77
● India marked a historic achievement in global mobility by registering its biggest-ever jump
in the Henley Passport Index 2025, improving its position from 85th to 77th.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● This eight-place leap highlights the country’s increasing diplomatic reach, growing global
stature, and enhanced citizen mobility.
About the Henley Passport Index
● The Henley Passport Index is a globally recognized ranking that measures the power of
passports based on visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to other countries.
● It is compiled by Henley & Partners, a London-based global citizenship advisory firm.
● Data is sourced from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and updated
quarterly.
Global Comparison: Top Passport Rankings (2025)
Rank Country Visa-Free
Destinations

1 Singapore 193

2 Japan, South Korea 190

3 Germany, France, Italy, 189

Spain, etc.

4 Austria, Sweden, Portugal, 188

Netherlands, etc.

5 New Zealand, Switzerland, 187

Greece

6 United Kingdom (dropped) 186

7 Australia, Poland, Czech 185

Republic, Malta, Hungary

8 UAE, Canada, Estonia 184

10 United States (dropped) 182

77 India 59
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport Achieves 9th Place in Travel + Leisure World’s
Best Awards 2025
● Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (CSMIA) in Mumbai has been ranked 9th
among the world’s top 10 international airports in the Travel + Leisure World’s Best
Awards 2025, scoring 23.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● It is the only Indian airport to feature on this list for the third consecutive year,
underscoring India’s advances in aviation infrastructure, passenger satisfaction, and
technological innovation.
Top 10 International Airports in 2025:
Rank Airport Country

1 Istanbul Airport Turkey

2 Changi Airport Singapore

3 Hamad International Airport Qatar

4 Zayed International Airport (Abu Dhabi) UAE

5 Dubai International Airport UAE

6 Hong Kong International Airport Hong Kong

7 Helsinki-Vantaa Airport Finland

8 Tokyo Haneda Airport Japan

9 Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International India

Airport

10 Incheon International Airport South Korea

Reliance Industries Retains Top Indian Spot in Fortune Global 500 List 2025
● Reliance Industries Ltd. (RIL) has retained its position as the highest-ranked Indian
company in the Fortune Global 500 list for 2025, securing the 88th position globally.
● Although the company dropped slightly from its 86th position in 2024, it has shown
significant progress since 2021, when it stood at 155, marking a 67-rank jump in four years.
● This is the 22nd consecutive year that RIL has been featured on the Fortune Global 500
list, making it the longest-standing private Indian firm on the list.
About the Fortune Global 500 List 2025
● The Fortune Global 500 rankings are based on total revenues for the fiscal year ending on
or before March 31, 2025.
● India is represented by nine companies in the 2025 list:
○ Public Sector Companies (5):
■ LIC – Rank #95
■ Indian Oil Corporation – Rank #127
■ State Bank of India – Rank #163

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

■ ONGC – Rank #181

■ BPCL – Rank #285
○ Private Sector Companies (4):
■ Reliance Industries Ltd – Rank #88
■ HDFC Bank – Rank #258
■ Tata Motors – Rank #283
■ ICICI Bank – Rank #464
Kaziranga Tiger Reserve Ranks Third Globally in Tiger Density
● Kaziranga Tiger Reserve in Assam, widely known for its one-horned rhinoceros, has now
gained global recognition for having the third-highest tiger density worldwide.
● This significant achievement was revealed in a new tiger status report released on Global
Tiger Day, by Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma.
About Assam:
● Chief Minister: Himanta Biswa Sarma
● Governor: Lakshman Prasad Acharya
● Capital: Dispur
● National Parks: Kaziranga National Park, Manas National Park, Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
● Wildlife Sanctuaries: Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, Orang National Park, Bura-Chapori Wildlife
Sanctuary, Nameri Wildlife Sanctuary

ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders to Acquire Majority Stake in Colombo Dockyard
● Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), a state-run company, is set to acquire a
controlling stake in Sri Lanka’s Colombo Dockyard PLC (CDPLC) under a $52.96 million
(₹450 crore) deal.
● This move will deepen India’s strategic presence in Sri Lanka’s port logistics infrastructure,
especially in the Indian Ocean region.
● The acquisition marks MDL’s first international venture, signaling its transformation from a
domestic shipbuilder to a regional maritime player with global aspirations.
● Colombo Dockyard PLC is located at the Port of Colombo, providing MDL a strategic
foothold in a key maritime corridor.
● This is the second Indian investment in Sri Lanka’s port logistics sector in recent months.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● In April 2025, Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone Ltd. (APSEZ) began operations at the
Colombo West International Terminal (CWIT).
Competition Commission of India Approves GIC’s Plan to Acquire Minority Stake in IPO-Bound
Groww
● The Competition Commission of India (CCI) approved the acquisition of a 2.14% stake in
Billionbrains Garage Ventures Ltd (Groww) by Viggo Investment Pte Ltd, an affiliate of
Singapore's sovereign wealth fund GIC.
● The acquisition is based on a Deed of Adherence and Share Subscription Agreement dated
28th April 2025.
● Groww is an investment tech unicorn operating an online trading platform that offers stock
trading, mutual fund investments, and other financial instruments.
● Groww was founded in 2016 in Bengaluru by former Flipkart executives: Harsh Jain, Lalit
Keshre, Neeraj Singh, and Ishan Bansal.
Government Approves ₹1 Lakh Crore Worth of Made-in-India Defence Procurement Deals
● The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) approved the purchase of assorted equipment
worth Rs 1.05 lakh crore for the armed forces, all sourced from indigenous (made-in-India)
manufacturers.
● This is the first major defence procurement decision after Operation Sindoor, highlighting
India's enhanced precision air strike capabilities.
● The DAC, headed by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, granted Acceptance of Necessity
(AoN) for 10 capital acquisition proposals including:
➔ Armoured recovery vehicles
➔ Electronic warfare systems
➔ Integrated common inventory management system for the tri-services
➔ Surface-to-air missiles
➔ Earlier, in March, the DAC had approved eight capital acquisition proposals worth
over Rs 54,000 crore, including 1350 HP engines for the Army.
➔ The recent AoNs were granted under the Buy (Indian-Indigenously Designed
Developed and Manufactured) category to boost indigenous design and
development.

Government Considers Merging Employment Scheme with Internship Programme

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The Employment-Linked Incentive (ELI) scheme, recently approved by the Cabinet, may be
merged with the PM Internship Scheme (PMIS) to boost job creation more effectively.
● The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), which manages PMIS, and the Ministry of Labour
and Employment, which oversees the ELI scheme, have held discussions on integrating both
schemes.
● Integration aims to benefit interns by improving their chances of regular employment after
training, and companies absorbing interns will get additional incentives under the ELI scheme.
Reliance Retail Buys Minority Stake in UK-Based FACEGYM
● Reliance Retail Ventures Limited. has made a strategic minority investment in United
Kingdom (UK)-based FACEGYM, expanding its presence in the beauty and wellness sector.
● FACEGYM is known for non-invasive facial workouts and advanced skincare techniques.
● FACEGYM plans to enter the Indian market through standalone studios and select Tira
stores over the next five years.
● FACEGYM was founded by Inge Theron and has established studios in London, New York,
and Los Angeles since 2014, when it opened its first studio in Selfridges.
Government Likely to Accelerate Stake Sale in GIC Re and New India Assurance
• The Union Finance Ministry is planning to dilute at least half of the required stake in New
India Assurance Company and General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC
Re) during FY26 to comply with SEBI’s Minimum Public Shareholding (MPS)
• Currently, the government holds 85.44% in New India Assurance and 82.4% in GIC Re.
• SEBI mandates all listed companies, including public sector insurers, to maintain a minimum
25% public shareholding under Rule 19A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules,
1957, and Regulation 38 of the SEBI (LODR) Regulations.
Japan’s SMBC Applies to RBI for Approval to Acquire Additional 4.9% Stake in Yes Bank
• Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) from Japan has applied to the Reserve Bank
of India (RBI) for approval to acquire an additional 4.9% stake in Yes Bank.
• This acquisition would increase SMBC’s total ownership in Yes Bank to just under 25%.
• In May 2025, SMBC agreed to purchase a 20% stake in Yes Bank for $1.6 billion.
Competition Commission of India approves acquisition of Target Business from SGRE and
SGREL by PPPL, TPG REGen, Mavco, Tikri, and SGRE
• The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the acquisition of the Target
Business from SGRE and SGREL by PPPL, TPG REGen, Mavco, Tikri, and SGRE.
• The Target Business includes:

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Manufacture and assembly of onshore wind turbine generators

Competition Commission of India approves acquisition of 100% shares in SMC Power
Generation Ltd by Rungta Sons Private Limited
• The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the proposed
combination involving acquisition of 100% shareholding in SMC Power Generation Limited
(SMCPGL) by Rungta Sons Private Limited (RSPL).
• Rungta Sons Private Limited (RSPL) is engaged in mining of iron ore and manganese
ore and manufacturing of ferro alloys.
• SMC Power Generation Limited (SMCPGL) is a public limited company primarily involved in
the manufacture and sale of sponge iron, steel billets, Thermo Mechanical Treatment
(TMT) bars, pig iron, and ferro alloys (silico manganese).
Dodla Dairy buys Osam Dairy for ₹271 crore to enter eastern Indian market
● Dodla Dairy, a South India-based company, announced the acquisition of Osam Dairy, a
premium dairy brand from eastern India, for ₹271 crore.
● This marks Dodla’s significant expansion into the high-growth eastern market.
● The deal is a 100% acquisition and is considered one of the first large-scale deals in
eastern India’s dairy sector.
Competition Commission of India Approves Proposed Combination Involving Anantam Highways
Trust, Alpha Alternatives, Dilip Buildcon, and DBL Infraventures
● The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the proposed combination
involving Anantam Highways Trust (InvIT), Alpha Alternatives Fund Advisors LLP (Alpha
Alternatives) & others (Sponsor and Sponsor Group), and Dilip Buildcon (DBL) & DBL
Infraventures (DIPL).
● The Proposed Combination involves the InvIT, through its Investment Manager, acquiring
from shareholders of the Target SPVs:
● 100% shareholding of eight highway companies:
1. Dodaballapur Hoskote Highways Limited
2. Repallewada Highways Limited
3. Dhrol Bhadra Highways Limited
4. Narenpur Purnea Highways Limited
5. Villuppuram Highways Limited
6. Bangalore Malur Highways Limited
7. Malur Bangarpet Highways Limited

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

8. DPJ Pollachi HAM Project Private Limited

● 49% stake in PHL.
About CCI:
● The Competition Commission of India (CCI) is a statutory body within the Ministry of
Corporate Affairs and is responsible for enforcing the Competition Act of 2002.
● Founded: October 14, 2003
● Headquarters: New Delhi, India
● Chairperson: Ravneet Kaur
Competition Commission of India clears Renault Group B.V. and Renault S.A.S. proposal to
acquire stake in Renault Nissan Automotive India Private Limited
● The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the proposed acquisition of
certain shareholding in Renault Nissan Automotive India Private Limited by Renault
Group B.V. and Renault S.A.S.
● The acquisition involves equity shares and zero-coupon non-convertible redeemable
preference shares held by Nissan Motor Company Ltd. Japan and Nissan Overseas
Investments B.V. (collectively, the Sellers).
● The Acquirers are Renault Group B.V. (Acquirer 1) and its nominee Renault S.A.S.
(Acquirer 2), collectively referred to as the Proposed Combination.
● Acquirer 1 specializes in designing, manufacturing, and marketing of passenger cars,
light commercial vehicles, and electric vehicles, along with providing mobility services
worldwide.
● Acquirer 2 is engaged in the study, construction, trading, repair, maintenance, and rental
of motor vehicles, including manufacturing vehicle parts and related services.
● Both Acquirers are controlled by Renault S.A., forming part of the Renault Group.
Union Pacific to Create Rail Giant with $72 Billion Acquisition of Norfolk Southern
● Union Pacific Corp. agreed to acquire Norfolk Southern Corp. in a $72 billion cash-and-
stock transaction, creating the only US transcontinental railroad.
● This merger is set to become the largest deal ever in the US rail industry.
● The deal combines Union Pacific’s western US network with Norfolk Southern’s East
Coast routes, reshaping the US rail market dominated by about six major companies.
DEFENCE NEWS
Defence Research and Development Organisation Plans Agni-V ICBM Upgrade into Air Burst and
Bunker Buster Versions with 7.5-Tonne Conventional Warhead

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● India is developing a new version of the Agni missile carrying a massive 7.5-tonne
conventional (non-nuclear) warhead.
● This missile is designed for precise deep strikes inside enemy territory without using nuclear
weapons, marking a major shift in India’s defence strategy.
● It is believed to be a modified version of Agni-V, India’s longest-range ballistic missile, but
intended for tactical, non-nuclear roles.
● The missile will likely have a shorter range (around 2,000 to 2,500 km) compared to the
original Agni-V’s 5,000+ km, due to the heavier conventional warhead.
About DRDO:
● Founded: 1958
● Headquarters: New Delhi, India
● Parent Ministry: Ministry of Defence, Government of India
● Chairman: Dr. Samir V. Kamat
Indian Navy Commissions INS Tamal, Newest Multi-Role Stealth Frigate
● The Indian Navy commissioned INS Tamal (F 71) on 01 July 2025 at Yantar Shipyard,
Kaliningrad, Russia.
● The commissioning ceremony was attended by VAdm Sanjay Jasjit Singh, Flag Officer
Commanding-in-Chief, Western Naval Command.
● INS Tamal is the eighth multi-role stealth frigate of Project 1135.6 and the second ship of the
additional follow-on Tushil class.
● The first ship of the Tushil class, INS Tushil, was commissioned on 09 Dec 2024 in the presence
of the Raksha Mantri.
Mazagon Dock delivers second Project 17A stealth frigate ‘Udaygiri’ to Indian Navy
● Yard 12652 (Udaygiri), the second ship of Project 17A stealth frigate, was delivered to the
Indian Navy on 01 July 2025 by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL).
● Project 17A is the follow-on of the Shivalik class (Project 17) frigates currently in service.
● Udaygiri is the second of seven P17A frigates being built at MDL Mumbai and GRSE
Kolkata.
● These are multi-mission frigates capable of operating in a Blue Water environment,
addressing conventional and non-conventional threats within India’s maritime interests.
● The new Udaygiri is a modern avatar of the earlier INS Udaygiri, a steam ship
decommissioned in 2007 after 31 years of service.
8th Edition of Indo-French Military Exercise ‘Shakti’ Concludes After Two Weeks of Joint

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Training
• The 8th edition of the Indo-French Joint Military Exercise ‘Shakti’ concluded after two
weeks of intensive training and cooperation.
• The exercise was held from June 18 to July 1, 2025, in France, hosted by the 13th French
Foreign Legion Demi-Brigade (13 DBLE).
• More than 500 personnel from various units of the French Army
• India was represented by a 90-member contingent, including a Battalion from the Jammu and
Kashmir Rifles.
About Ministry of Defence:
• Cabinet Minister: Rajnath Singh
• Minister of State (MoS): Ajay Bhatt
France’s Safran to Launch Hyderabad Facility for M88 Engine Maintenance of Rafale Jets
• France-based Safran Aerospace announced plans to set up a new entity, Safran Aircraft
Engine Services India, in Hyderabad.
• The facility will focus on maintenance and overhaul of M88 engines used in Rafale fighter
jets.
• The project is expected to create around 150 jobs by the end of next year, with potential to
add 750 more jobs in later phases.
• Announcement made by Pierre Fernandez, General Manager of Safran Aerospace, after
meeting Telangana Industries Minister D Sridhar Babu.
Japan Coast Guard Ship ‘Itsukushima’ Docks in Chennai to Boost India–Japan Maritime
Cooperation
• Japan Coast Guard (JCG) Ship Itsukushima, commanded by Captain Naoki Mizoguchi,
arrived at Chennai Port on July 07, 2025, as part of its Global Ocean Voyage Training.
• The visit reinforces the strategic partnership between the Indian Coast Guard
(ICG) and JCG in the Indo-Pacific region.
• The week-long port call includes high-level bilateral meetings, joint professional and
cultural exchanges, and a sea exercise to improve interoperability.
India Successfully Tests Indigenous Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rocket (ERASR)
• India has successfully conducted user trials of the Extended Range Anti-Submarine
Rocket (ERASR) from INS Kavaratti, marking a significant advancement in the
nation’s underwater warfare capabilities.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), the system
supports India’s goal of achieving self-reliance in defence (Aatmanirbhar Bharat).
• Platform of Testing: Trials conducted from INS Kavaratti, a frontline Indian Navy warship,
between June 23 and July 7, 2025, under realistic operational conditions.
Indian Navy and Bharat Electronics Limited Forge Contract for National Maritime Domain
Awareness Project
• The Indian Navy has signed a contract with M/s Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL),
Bengaluru to implement the National Maritime Domain Awareness (NMDA) Project,
enhancing maritime and coastal security through a unified data-driven framework.
• The agreement was formalized in the presence of VAdm Tarun Sobti, Deputy Chief of the Naval
Staff, and Shri Manoj Jain, Chairman & MD of BEL.
• Contract Partnership: Awarded to BEL for end-to-end execution of the NMDA Project on
a turnkey basis, with administration by the Indian Navy.
Indian Navy Receives First Indigenous Diving Support Vessel ‘Nistar’ from Hindustan
Shipyard
• ‘Nistar’ is the first indigenously designed and constructed Diving Support Vessel
(DSV) delivered by Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL) to the Indian Navy on 08 July
2025 at Visakhapatnam.
• The vessel is designed and built following the Indian Register of Shipping (IRS) classification
rules.
• It is a highly specialised warship capable of Deep Sea Diving and Rescue Operations, a
capability possessed by only a few navies worldwide.
• The name ‘Nistar’ means liberation, rescue, or salvation in Sanskrit.
Defence Research & Development Organisation and Indian Air Force Successfully Test
Indigenous RF-Seeker Equipped Astra BVRAAM from Su-30 Mk-I
• The Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Indian Air Force
(IAF) successfully conducted a flight-test of the indigenous Beyond Visual Range Air-to-
Air Missile (BVRAAM) ‘Astra’.
• The test was conducted on July 11, 2025, from a Su-30 Mk-I aircraft off the coast of Odisha.
• Two missile launches were carried out against high-speed unmanned aerial
targets at different ranges, target aspects, and launch conditions.
Indian Army initiates Operation Shiva to safeguard Amarnath Yatra with 8,500 troops and C-UAS
deployment

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The Indian Army launched Operation Shiva to secure the ongoing Amarnath Yatra with 8,500
troops and a counter-unmanned aerial system (C-UAS) grid.
• The 38-day pilgrimage started on July 3 and will conclude on August 9.
• The pilgrimage follows two routes: the 48 km Nunwan-Pahalgam route (Anantnag district) and
the 14 km Baltal route (Ganderbal district).
India Participates in Bilateral Military Exercise in Australia
• India, along with 18 other nations, is participating in Talisman Sabre 2025, a major bilateral
military drill led by Australia, which started on July 13, 2025.
• This is the 11th edition of Talisman Sabre, the largest and most sophisticated warfighting
exercise ever held in Australia.
• Participating countries include Australia, USA, Canada, Fiji, France, Germany, India,
Indonesia, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Philippines,
Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Tonga, and the UK.
About Ministry of Defence:
• Cabinet Minister: Rajnath Singh
• Minister of State (MoS): Shri Sanjay Seth
Indian Coast Guard Rescues Two U.S. Sailors Stranded Near Andaman & Nicobar
Islands
• The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) conducted a rescue operation on July 10, 2025, for the U.S.-
flagged sailing vessel ‘Sea Angel’, stranded 52 nautical miles southeast of Indira
Point, Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
• The yacht, with two crew members, was disabled due to extremely rough sea conditions,
a blown sail, and an entangled propeller.
• Upon receiving the distress alert, the Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC) Port
Blair activated protocols and alerted nearby merchant vessels.
• The ICG deployed Ship Rajveer, which reached the vessel, established communication, and
conducted an on-site assessment.
India Successfully Tests Akash Prime by Neutralising High-Speed Aerial Targets in Ladakh
• On July 16, 2025, India successfully destroyed two Aerial High-Speed Unmanned
Targets at high altitude in Ladakh using Akash Prime, the upgraded variant of the Akash
Weapon System.
• Akash Prime is specifically customised for operations above 4,500 metres altitude, suitable
for high-altitude warfare.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The system includes the indigenously developed Radio Frequency (RF) seeker, a key
enhancement for improved target acquisition and engagement.
India Successfully Conducts Test-Firing of Prithvi-II and Agni-I Missiles from Chandipur
• On July 17, 2025, the Ministry of Defence confirmed the successful test-firing of Prithvi-II and
Agni-I short-range ballistic missiles from the Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur,
Odisha.
• The tests validated all operational and technical parameters of the missiles.
• These missile launches were conducted under the Strategic Forces Command.
Indian Navy’s Eastern Fleet Ships Dock in Singapore During Southeast Asia Deployment
• Indian Naval Ships Delhi, Satpura, Shakti, and Kiltan, under the command of Rear Admiral
Susheel Menon, Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet, arrived in Singapore on 16 July
2025.
• They received a warm welcome from personnel of the Republic of Singapore Navy and
the High Commission of India in Singapore.
• The visit is part of the Operational Deployment of the Indian Navy to South East Asia.
Indian Navy to join 32nd SIMBEX maritime exercise in Singapore
• The Indian Navy will participate in the 32nd edition of SIMBEX (Singapore-India Maritime
Bilateral Exercise) later this month in Singapore.
• SIMBEX is one of the longest uninterrupted maritime exercises for India.
• The exercise is conducted annually between the Indian Navy and the Republic of Singapore
Navy (RSN).
• SIMBEX was previously known as Exercise Lion King.
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited gets first batch of Light Combat Aircraft Mk1A wing assemblies
from Larsen & Toubro
• The first set of wing assemblies for Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Mk1A, produced by Larsen
& Toubro (L&T), was handed over to Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) in Coimbatore,
Tamil Nadu on July 17, 2025.
• The event was attended virtually by Secretary (Defence Production) Shri Sanjeev Kumar.
• The assemblies were received by General Manager (LCA Tejas Division) Shri M Abdul
Salam on behalf of HAL from L&T’s Precision Manufacturing & Systems Complex.
India’s First Indigenous Diving Support Vessel, INS Nistar Commissioned in Visakhapatnam in
Presence of Minister of State for Defence

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• INS Nistar is the first indigenously designed and constructed Diving Support
Vessel commissioned into the Indian Navy on July 18, 2025, at Visakhapatnam.
• The commissioning ceremony was attended by Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Sanjay Seth, senior
naval officials, civilian dignitaries, and Hindustan Shipyard Limited representatives.
• INS Nistar is the first of two Diving Support Vessels built by Hindustan Shipyard Limited.
• It is designed for complex deep sea saturation diving and rescue operations, capabilities
possessed by only select navies worldwide.
INS Sandhayak, India’s First Indigenous Large Survey Vessel, Calls on Port Klang, Malaysia
• INS Sandhayak, the Indian Navy’s first indigenously designed and constructed Survey
Vessel Large (SVL), made its maiden port call at Port Klang, Malaysia from 16-19 July 2025.
• The visit aims to enhance hydrographic cooperation and reflects India’s expanding role
in regional hydrographic capacity building under the Indian Naval Hydrographic
Department (INHD) and the National Hydrographic Office.
About Ministry of Defence:
• Cabinet Minister: Rajnath Singh
• Minister of State (MoS): Ajay Bhatt
Indian Navy Launches Final Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft ‘Yard 3034 Ajay’ Built by
Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
● The Indian Navy launched its eighth and final Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water
Craft (ASW SWC) named Yard 3034 Ajay, developed by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and
Engineers (GRSE).
● The vessel enhances the Navy’s capabilities in undersea surveillance, anti-submarine
warfare, and mine-laying operations.
● Equipped with advanced technology including hull-mounted sonar, low-frequency variable
depth sonar (LFVDS), cutting-edge torpedoes, NSG-30 guns, and 12.7 mm SRCG.
Indian Navy to Organise Shipbuilding Seminar on “Nation Building Through Shipbuilding”
● The Warship Design Bureau (WDB), under Naval Headquarters, New Delhi, is hosting a
one-day Shipbuilding Seminar titled “Nation Building Through Shipbuilding” on 23 July
2025 at the Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi.
● WDB began as the Central Design Office in 1964, became the Directorate of Naval Design
in 1970, and has over six decades of experience in warship design.
● WDB has contributed to the design and construction of 20 types of warships, from Seaward
Defence Boats to Aircraft Carriers.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Keel Laid for First Next-Gen Offshore Patrol Vessel of Indian Coast Guard at Mazagon Dock,
Mumbai
● The keel-laying ceremony of Yard 16401, the first of six Next Generation Offshore Patrol
Vessels (NGOPVs) for the Indian Coast Guard (ICG), was held at Mazagon Dock
Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL), Mumbai on July 22, 2025.
● The vessel is 117 meters long, with a range of 5,000 nautical miles, crew capacity of 11
officers and 110 personnel, and a top speed of 23 knots.
● NGOPVs will feature advanced technologies including AI-based predictive maintenance,
Remote Piloted Drones, Integrated Bridge System (IBS), and Integrated Platform
Management System (IPMS).
About Ministry of Defence:
● Cabinet Minister: Rajnath Singh
● Minister of State (MoS): Sanjay Seth
Indian Army Receives First Batch of Apache Helicopters from the United States
● The Indian Army received the first batch of Apache AH-64E attack helicopters from the
United States on July 22, 2025, at Hindon Airbase.
● This batch includes three advanced combat helicopters, part of a $600 million deal signed
in 2020 for six Apache helicopters.
● The helicopters will be deployed in Jodhpur with the Army Aviation Corps.
● Prior to deployment, the helicopters will undergo a Joint Receipt Inspection.
Indian Navy Eastern Fleet Ships Delhi, Shakti, Satpura, and Kiltan Complete Singapore Port Visit
from 16–19 July 2025
● Indian Navy’s Eastern Fleet ships—Delhi, Shakti, Satpura, and Kiltan—concluded a port
call to Singapore from 16–19 July 2025.
● The visit was part of the Indian Navy’s Operational Deployment to South East Asia.
● The fleet was commanded by Rear Admiral Susheel Menon, Flag Officer Commanding
Eastern Fleet (FOCEF).
Goa Shipyard Limited Launches Indigenous Pollution Control Vessel ‘Samudra Prachet’ for Indian
Coast Guard
● Samudra Prachet, the last of two indigenous Pollution Control Vessels (PCVs), was
launched by Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL) for the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) on July 23, 2025,
in Goa.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The vessel has 72% indigenous content, contributing significantly to national capability-
building, employment generation, and skills enhancement, involving local industry and
MSMEs.
● The first Pollution Control Vessel was launched earlier on August 29, 2024, and is expected
to be delivered soon.
About GSL :
● Headquarters : Vasco da Gama, Goa
● Chairman & Managing Director : Brajesh Kumar Upadhyay
Exercise Bold Kurukshetra 2025 Begins in Jodhpur, Strengthening India–Singapore Defence Ties
● The 14th edition of Exercise Bold Kurukshetra 2025 commenced on July 25, 2025, at
Jodhpur, continuing until August 4, 2025.
● Participants include the 42 Singapore Armoured Regiment of the 4 Singapore Armoured
Brigade and the Indian Army’s Mechanised Infantry Regiment.
● The exercise is conducted as a Table Top Exercise and Computer-Based Wargame,
focusing on validating operational procedures for mechanised warfare.
● The exercise will conclude with an equipment display by the Indian Army.
History :
● The 13th edition of Exercise Bold Kurukshetra, a bilateral military exercise between India and
Singapore, was held in Jodhpur Military Station from March 6-13, 2023.
● The first edition of Exercise Bold Kurukshetra, a bilateral military exercise between the
Singapore Army and the Indian Army, was conducted in 2005.
India Successfully Conducts Flight Trials of Drone-Launched Missile ULPGM-V3 in Kurnool
● India conducted flight trials of a drone-launched missile, named ULPGM-V3, at a test
range in Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, July 25, 2025.
● The missile has anti-armour and anti-bunker capabilities and is an upgraded version
developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
● ULPGM-V3 is equipped with a high-definition dual CCD seeker allowing it to strike high-
value targets in complex environments during day and night battle conditions.
Defence Research & Development Organisation Successfully Completes Two Consecutive Flight
Tests of Pralay Missile
● The Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted two
consecutive flight-tests of the Pralay missile on July 28 & 29, 2025 from Dr APJ Abdul
Kalam Island, Odisha coast.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The tests were part of User Evaluation Trials to validate the missile’s maximum and
minimum range capabilities.
● Both missiles followed the intended trajectory and hit the target with pin-point accuracy,
meeting all test objectives.
● All subsystems performed as expected, verified by data from tracking sensors deployed
by the Integrated Test Range (ITR), including ship-based instruments near the impact point.
About DRDO:
● Founded: 1958
● Headquarters: New Delhi, India
● Parent Ministry: Ministry of Defence, Government of India
● Chairman: Dr. Samir V. Kamat
Construction of Indigenous Hovercraft for Indian Coast Guard Commences at Chowgule Shipyard
● The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) has started construction of its first indigenously built Air
Cushion Vehicle (ACV).
● The Girder Laying and Commencement of Erection ceremony was held at Chowgule &
Company Pvt. Ltd., Goa, on July 30, 2025.
● The hovercraft design is based on Griffon Hoverwork but built with Indian expertise for
coastal security operations.
● The ACVs will provide enhanced speed, tactical flexibility, and shallow-water operability.
Goa Shipyard Limited Launches Indigenous Fast Patrol Vessel ICGS ATAL for Indian Coast Guard
● Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) launched ICGS ATAL (Yard 1275), a Fast Patrol Vessel
(FPV), for the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) on 29 July 2025 at Vasco-da-Gama, Goa.
● ICGS ATAL is the sixth in a series of eight indigenously designed FPVs being built by
GSL, a Defence Public Sector Undertaking (DPSU) under the Ministry of Defence.
● The FPVs are 52 metres long, with an 8-metre beam and a displacement of 320 tonnes.
● These vessels are high-speed patrol boats designed for coastal patrols, island security,
and offshore asset protection, thereby enhancing India’s maritime domain awareness and
national security.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Zomato Founder Deepinder Goyal Ventures into Aviation with LAT Aerospace

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Deepinder Goyal, co-founder of the food delivery platform Zomato, is now venturing into
regional air travel with the aerospace startup LAT Aerospace.
● The venture aims to redefine regional air travel in India, which is currently nascent and
underdeveloped.
● Key challenges facing regional air travel in India include regulatory clearance issues,
technological capability, and public adoption.
● India has over 450 airstrips, but only around 150 support commercial flights, meaning two-
thirds of aviation potential is unused.
India’s Quantum Mission Sets Up Task Force to Protect Banks Against Cyber Threats
● The National Quantum Mission (NQM) is forming a task force to help banks adopt quantum
technologies for cybersecurity, financial modeling, and data analysis, anticipating a major
threat to India’s financial infrastructure.
● Dr. Ajai Chowdhry, Chairman of NQM’s Governing Board, warned that a powerful quantum
computer could break RBI’s current cybersecurity defenses, potentially crippling India’s
financial system by 2028–2029.
● The task force members include experts from:Department of Telecommunications,Reserve
Bank of India (RBI),Data Security Council of India (DSCI),Startups and other relevant
stakeholders.
● The transition will require the use of:Quantum Key Distribution (QKD),Post-Quantum
Cryptography (PQC), to ensure secure communication.
● The NQM’s first long-distance QKD network is expected to be operational by late July or
early August 2025.
Japan Launches Climate Satellite on Final Flight of H-2A Rocket Before Retirement
● Japan successfully launched a climate change monitoring satellite aboard its H-2A rocket,
marking the final flight of the rocket before retirement.
● The H-2A rocket launched from Tanegashima Space Center in southwestern Japan, carrying
the GOSAT-GW (Global Observing Satellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle).
● The satellite was released into planned orbit approximately 16 minutes after liftoff.
● The launch had faced several days of delay due to electrical system malfunctions in the
rocket.
● This was the 50th and final flight of the H-2A rocket, which had a near-perfect launch record
since its 2001 debut.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

India Sets Up Its First Globally Recognised Equine Disease-Free Zone at RVC Centre, Meerut, Uttar
Pradesh
• India has established its first Equine Disease-Free Compartment (EDFC), recognised globally
by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) on 3rd July 2025.
• The EDFC is located at the Remount Veterinary Corps (RVC) Centre & College, Meerut
Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh.
• This facility enables the international movement of Indian sport horses in line with global
biosecurity and animal health standards.
About Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying :
• Cabinet Minister : Lalan Singh
• Minister of State : S. P. Singh Baghel,George Kurian
Ministry of Education’s Department of School Education & Literacy Holds National Conference on
Board Equivalence and Enhancing Learning Outcomes
• The Department of School Education & Literacy (DoSE&L), Ministry of Education,
organized a National Conference in New Delhi to discuss curricular and assessment
equivalence across school boards and strategies to improve learning outcomes.
• A major highlight was the formal launch of the PARAKH Rashtriya Sarvekshan Dissemination
Portal, which provides open access to National and State-level data on student
performance.
• The PARAKH portal is expected to help States/UTs design targeted improvement plans to
enhance learning outcomes and bridge skill gaps.
About Ministry of Education :
• Cabinet Minister : Dharmendra Pradhan
• Minister of State : Sukanta Majumdar,Jayant Chaudhary
Elon Musk Forms ‘America Party’ Aiming to Restore Freedom
• A dispute arose between Republican President Donald Trump and his major campaign
financier Elon Musk after Musk announced the formation of a new political party called
the America Party.
• Musk criticized Trump’s “big, beautiful” tax-cut and spending bill, claiming it would bankrupt
America.
• Musk launched the American Party to “give you back your freedom”, signaling a break from
traditional party lines.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Ananth Technologies to Roll Out India’s First Privately-Led Satellite Broadband

Service
• Ananth Technologies, a private Indian company, has become the first in India to
receive authorization from Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-
SPACe) to launch broadband-from-space services by 2028.
• The company will use a locally-built geostationary (GEO) satellite to provide these services.
• This initiative enables Ananth Technologies to compete with global satcom
giants like Starlink, Eutelsat OneWeb, and Amazon Kuiper.
Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru Launches BHARAT Initiative on Healthy Aging Under
Longevity India Program
• The Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru launched BHARAT — Biomarkers of
Healthy Aging, Resilience, Adversity, and Transitions — under its Longevity India Program.
• The study aims to map physiological, molecular, and environmental indicators that
influence ageing in the Indian population.
• A key objective is to build the “Bharat Baseline”, which will serve as a reference for
biologically normal aging in India.
• The BHARAT database will include genomic, proteomic, and metabolic data.
Tata Power-DDL and Japan’s Nissin Electric Commission India’s First Micro Substation with
Power Voltage Transformer for Affordable and Reliable Power Supply
• Tata Power-DDL, in collaboration with Japan-based Nissin Electric Co Ltd, has
commissioned India’s first micro substation with Power Voltage
• The micro substation with PVT can convert high-voltage power directly from transmission
lines to low-voltage power suitable for residential consumers.
• Tata Power-DDL is a leading power utility serving around 9 million consumers in North
Delhi.
• The project is part of the International Demonstration Project on Japan’s Energy Efficiency
Technologies, initiated by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development
Organization (NEDO).
Suriname Becomes First Amazon Region Nation Certified Malaria-Free by World Health
Organisation
• Suriname became the first country in the Amazon region to receive malaria-free
certification from the World Health Organisation (WHO) on June 30, 2025.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• This achievement follows nearly 70 years of sustained efforts by the Surinamese

government and people to eliminate malaria across its rainforests and diverse communities.
• With Suriname’s inclusion, 46 countries and 1 territory have been certified as malaria-
free by WHO, including 12 countries in the Region of the Americas.
About Suriname :
• Capital : Paramaribo
• Currency : Surinamese Dollar (SRD).
About World Health Organisation :
• Formation : 7 April 1948
• Headquarters : Geneva, Switzerland
• Director General : Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
HCLSoftware Unveils Domino 14.5 Featuring Sovereign AI Platform Domino IQ
• HCLSoftware has launched Domino 14.5, introducing Domino IQ, a sovereign AI solution
engineered to ensure data sovereignty and privacy for government and regulated-
sector workloads, safeguarding sensitive information from foreign access or influence.
• Domino IQ for Data Sovereignty: A purpose-built AI platform that operates entirely
within national data boundaries, eliminating reliance on international cloud services susceptible
to foreign surveillance.
• Enhanced Security Controls: Incorporates advanced encryption, access governance,
and tamper-resistant logging to protect classified and regulated data throughout its lifecycle.
Indian Space Research Organisation Successfully Conducts Hot Tests of Gaganyaan Propulsion
System
• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) achieved a critical milestone, by successfully
conducting two hot tests of the Gaganyaan Service Module Propulsion System (SMPS) at
the ISRO Propulsion Complex in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu.
• These tests are essential for India’s first human spaceflight mission under the Gaganyaan
Programme.
• Purpose of the Tests:
The hot tests aimed to validate the performance of the SMPS under simulated flight
conditions, ensuring system reliability during orbital maneuvers and emergency scenarios.
Indian National Space Authorisation and Promotion Centre Grants Licence to Elon Musk’s Starlink
for Space-Based Internet Services in India

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Authorisation and Promotion Centre) has granted a
licence to Starlink Satellite Communications Private. Limited. (SSCPL), a company run
by Elon Musk, to provide space-based internet services in India.
• The authorisation is for provisioning of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite services using
the Starlink Gen1 constellation.
• The licence is valid for 5 years from July 8, 2025, or until the end of Starlink Gen1’s
operational life, whichever is earlier.
About IN–SPACe :
• Formed : 24 June 2020
• Headquarters : Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
• The IN–SPACe is a single-window autonomous agency under the Department of Space of
the Government of India.
IN-SPACe Grants Starlink Approval to Operate Satellite Broadband Services in India
• Starlink, owned by Elon Musk’s SpaceX, received authorization from IN-SPACe (Indian
National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre) to operate its broadband satellite
constellation over India.
• IN-SPACe functions under the Department of Space.
• This is Starlink’s second major approval in India, after receiving the Global Mobile Personal
Communications by Satellite (GMPCS) authorisation from the Department of
Telecommunications (DoT) last month.
• Despite government interest in satellite broadband, security and ownership concerns have
delayed Starlink’s full operational launch in India.
Microsoft Unveils BioEmu AI System to Speed Up Understanding of Protein Behavior in
Humans
• Microsoft has launched BioEmu, an artificial intelligence system aimed at accelerating the
understanding of protein behavior in the human body.
• BioEmu helps reduce the time and complexity traditionally involved in protein simulations,
which typically take years using conventional methods.
• BioEmu-1 (Biomolecular Emulator-1) is a deep learning model capable of
generating thousands of protein structures per hour on a single GPU.
About Microsoft :
• Founded : April 4, 1975
• Headquarters : Washington, U.S

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Chairman & CEO : Satya Nadella

Shubhanshu Shukla Returns as India’s Deep Space Ambitions Take Off
• Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla became the first Indian to visit the International Space
Station (ISS), orbiting Earth for 18 days aboard SpaceX’s Dragon capsule as part of Axiom
Mission 4 (Ax-4).
• The mission involved 310+ orbits, covering 13 million km, and ended with a splashdown in the
Pacific Ocean off San Diego on July 9, 2025.
• India’s second astronaut in space after Rakesh Sharma (1984); Shukla’s mission marks
a historic milestone for India’s space ambitions.
India Acquires GE-F404 Engine to Power Fighter Planes
• India received the 2nd GE-F404 engine from the United States on July 15, 2025 for the Light
Combat Aircraft (LCA) Mark-1A fighter jet programme.
• Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) took delivery of the engine.
• 12 more GE-F404 engines are expected to be delivered by the end of FY2025-26.
India Requests United States Approval for Co-Production of Javelin Missiles
• India has submitted a letter of request to the United States for the co-production of Javelin
anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs) in India.
• The move aligns with the “Make in India” initiative promoted by the NDA government at the
Centre.
• Co-production will ensure operational readiness and reduce dependence on foreign
support.
• The talks with the U.S. are in an advanced stage.
Indian Institute of Astrophysics Astronomers Reveal New Insights on Coronal Mass Ejections
Causing Rare Northern Lights Over Ladakh in May 2024
• Astronomers from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) uncovered new insights
into Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) responsible for rare northern lights over Ladakh in May
2024.
• This event marked the strongest solar storm in two decades.
• The research was led by Wageesh Mishra and used data from NASA, ESA missions, and
IIA’s Indian Astronomical Observatory.
DRDO and AIIMS Bibinagar Launch India’s First Affordable Make-in-India Advanced Carbon Fibre
Foot Prosthesis under Aatmanirbhar Bharat

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The first Make-in-India cost-effective advanced Carbon Fibre Foot

Prosthesis was indigenously designed and developed by DRDO’s Defence Research &
Development Laboratory (DRDL) and AIIMS Bibinagar.
• The prosthesis, named ADIDOC (AIIMS Bibinagar – DRDL, DRDO Indigenously Developed
Optimised Carbon Foot Prosthesis), was unveiled at AIIMS Bibinagar, Telangana on July 14,
2025.
• The launch was conducted by Dr GA Srinivasa Murthy, Distinguished Scientist & Director of
DRDL, and Dr Ahanthem Santa Singh, Executive Director of AIIMS Bibinagar.
First Campus of Indian Institute of Creative Technologies (IICT) Launched at NFDC, Mumbai by
Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis and Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw
• The first campus of the Indian Institute of Creative Technologies (IICT) was launched
on July 18, 2025, at the NFDC complex, Pedder Road, Mumbai by Chief Minister Devendra
Fadnavis, in the presence of Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw (Railways, IT, Electronics &
Broadcasting).
• The IICT aims to innovate, upscale learning in graphics and cutting-edge digital skills, and
position India as a global hub for entertainment technology.
• Admissions for 17 courses have begun; full-fledged classes will start by September 2025.
• Courses will range from 3 months to 1 year or more, and will be open to students across the
country.
Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Launches Skill India Assistant (SIA) to
Enhance Access to Skilling and Employment Services Across India
● The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) launched the Skill India
Assistant (SIA) — an AI-powered chatbot to improve access to skilling and employment-
related services
● SIA was developed by META and National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) under
MSDE’s guidance.
● It uses conversational AI to provide personalized support via WhatsApp, promoting digital
inclusion in the skilling ecosystem.
TVS Electronics unveils ‘TVSE Aikya’ AI-powered platform for Infrastructure Managed Services
● TVS Electronics (TVSE) has launched ‘TVSE Aikya’, a comprehensive AI-OPS
Infrastructure Managed Services (IMS) platform.
● The platform helps enterprises modernise, secure, and scale their IT infrastructure.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● IMS platform offers services including workplace services, hybrid cloud management,
managed network services, and cybersecurity capabilities.
● TVSE’s clients will “get what they see” regarding service features and delivery.
ISRO to launch NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite on July 30, 2025, from
Sriharikota
● NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite will be launched by ISRO’s GSLV-
F16 on July 30, 2025, from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC SHAR), Sriharikota.
● The GSLV-F16 will place NISAR into a 743 km Sun-synchronous orbit with an inclination
of 98.4 degrees.
● NISAR will scan the Earth every 12 days, providing high-resolution, all-weather, day-and-
night data.
● The satellite will observe Earth with a swathe width of 242 km and high spatial resolution
using SweepSAR technology for the first time.
● NISAR weighs 2,392 kg and is the first Earth observation satellite to use dual frequency
Synthetic Aperture Radar — NASA’s L-band and ISRO’s S-band — both operating with
NASA’s 12m unfurlable mesh reflector antenna integrated with ISRO’s modified I3K
satellite bus.
About ISRO:
● Established: 1969
● Headquarters: New Delhi, India
● Chairman: V. Narayanan
About NASA:
● Established: 1958
● Headquarters: Washington, D.C., USA
Google and OpenAI’s AI systems clinch historic gold at international mathematics contest
● Alphabet’s Google and OpenAI AI models won gold medals at the International
Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), marking a significant breakthrough in AI math capabilities.
● This is the first time AI systems crossed the gold-medal scoring threshold at the IMO, a
prestigious global competition for high-school students.
● Both AI models solved 5 out of 6 problems using general-purpose reasoning models that
interpret mathematical concepts in natural language, unlike previous AI approaches.
About Google :
● Founded : September 4, 1998

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Headquarters :California, United States

● CEO :Sundar Pichai
Open Network for Digital Commerce Transforms India’s E-commerce: Boosting Small Businesses,
Reducing Costs, and Increasing Buyer Options
● Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) is a Section 8 company initiated by the
Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of
Commerce and Industry.
● ONDC aims to promote open networks for exchanging goods and services over
digital/electronic networks.
● It reduces customer acquisition and transaction processing costs for sellers by enabling
a decentralized and interoperable network.
● ONDC is not an e-commerce platform or marketplace, but an open protocol on which
various platforms or marketplaces can be built.
About ONDC :
● Founded : 31 December 2021
About Ministry of Commerce & Industry :
● Cabinet Minister : Piyush Goyal
● Minister of State : Jitin Prasada, C.R.Chaudhary
Alibaba Unveils Most Advanced Open-Source AI Coding Model to Date
● Alibaba Group launched Qwen3-Coder, an open-source AI model for software
development, described as its most advanced coding tool to date.
● The launch highlights intensifying global AI competition among Chinese and international
tech companies.
● Qwen3-Coder is designed for code generation and managing complex coding workflows.
NASA Launches TRACERS Mission to Study Earth’s Magnetic Defense Against Space Storms
● NASA has launched the TRACERS mission (Tandem Reconnection and Cusp
Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites) to investigate how Earth’s magnetic field
protects the planet from solar storms and space weather.
● This mission focuses on understanding magnetic reconnection, a process where the Sun’s
magnetic field interacts with Earth’s shield, releasing bursts of energy that can disrupt
satellites, power grids, and communications.
Army Hospital Research & Referral Organises Inaugural Armed Forces Conference ‘SHAPE 2025’
Focused on Sustainable Hospital Infrastructure

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The Department of Hospital Administration at Army Hospital Research & Referral

(AHRR), New Delhi, organised the first-ever Armed Forces National Conference titled
SHAPE 2025: Sustainable Hospital Architecture, Planning, Infrastructure and
Equipment on July 26-27, 2025.
● The event was attended by over 275 experts from Armed Forces and civil domains including
hospital administrators, doctors, nurses, engineers, and architects.
● The conference was inaugurated by Director General Armed Forces Medical Services
(DGAFMS) Surg Vice Admiral Arti Sarin and Director, AIIMS (New Delhi) Dr M. Srinivas.
Directorate General of Civil Aviation Issues unique identification numbers to Over 8,700 Banned
Chinese DJI Drones
● Despite the ban on Chinese drones since 2021, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation
(DGCA) has registered over 8,700 Chinese drones till date.
● These drones have been issued Unique Identification Numbers (UINs) via the DGCA
DigitalSky platform (https://digitalsky.dgca.gov.in/issued_uins).
About DGCA :
● Headquarters : New Delhi, India
● Director General : Faiz Ahmed Kidwai
● The DGCA is a statutory body of the Government of India to regulate civil aviation in
India.
● It became a statutory body under the Aircraft (Amendment) Act, 2020.
Latin American Nations to Unveil Indigenous artificial intelligence Language Model in September
● A dozen Latin American countries are collaborating to launch Latam-GPT in September
2025, the first large AI language model designed to understand the region’s diverse
cultures and linguistic nuances.
● The project is led by Chile’s National Center for Artificial Intelligence (CENIA), working with
over 30 regional institutions.
Indian Space Research Organisation to launch NVS-03, NVS-04, and NVS-05 satellites by 2026 to
boost Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
● The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will launch three more navigation
satellites: NVS-03, NVS-04, and NVS-05 by 2026 to strengthen the Indian Regional
Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS).

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The system, now known as Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC), is an

autonomous regional navigation satellite system designed to serve both civilian and
military
● NavIC covers India and up to 1,500 km beyond its borders, offering precise Position,
Velocity, and Timing (PVT)
● The constellation consists of 7 satellites: 3 in geostationary orbit and 4 in inclined
geosynchronous orbit, supported by a robust network of ground stations including control
centres and timing facilities.
A R Rahman and OpenAI CEO Sam Altman collaborate on AI-driven project ‘Secret Mountain’
● A R Rahman, renowned composer, is collaborating with OpenAI Chief Executive Officer
(CEO) Sam Altman on an AI project called “Secret Mountain”.
● Rahman announced the collaboration via Instagram, describing the project as a “virtual
global band”.
● The initiative aims to empower and uplift Indian minds by encouraging the use of AI tools
to address generational challenges.

ENVIRONMENT
India Added 683 Faunal Species and 433 Floral Taxa in 2024
● India added 683 new species to its fauna in 2024, including 459 new species and 224 new
species records.
● During the same period, India added 433 taxa of flora, comprising 410 species and 23 infra-
specific taxa of plants.
● These details were released by Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Bhupender Yadav in Kolkata on June 30, 2025.
● The maximum number of new fauna discoveries were from:
➔ Kerala — 101 species (80 new species, 21 new records),
➔ Karnataka — 82 species (68 new species, 14 new records),
➔ Tamil Nadu — 63 species (50 new species, 13 new records).
➔ For flora discoveries, the highest numbers were from:
➔ Kerala (58),
➔ Maharashtra (45),
➔ Uttarakhand (40).

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) publishes Animal Discoveries annually, detailing new
faunal discoveries.

SPORTS NEWS
Kho Kho Federation of India Appoints New Leadership Team to Drive Domestic Growth and
International Expansion
● The Kho Kho Federation of India (KKFI) has unveiled a comprehensive leadership lineup—
comprising Vice Presidents, Joint Secretaries, and Executive Members—to promote and
develop Kho Kho across India and globally.
D Gukesh Wins Rapid Chess Title at SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz 2025 in Zagreb
● Indian Grandmaster and World Chess Champion D Gukesh clinched the rapid title at the
SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz 2025 tournament in Zagreb, Croatia, scoring 14 points out of 18,
finishing ahead of elite players like Duda and Magnus Carlsen.
● Final Rapid Standings:
o 1st: D Gukesh – 14 points
o 2nd: Jan-Krzysztof Duda – 11 points
o 3rd: Magnus Carlsen – 10 points
● Other Indian Performer: R Praggnanandhaa scored 9 points, with a win over Saric and draws
against Wesley So and Duda.
● Top Competitors' Scores:
o Fabiano Caruana – 9 points
o Alireza Firouzja, Anish Giri, Wesley So – 8 points each
About Croatia
● Capital: Zagreb
● President: Zoran Milanović
● Prime minister: Andrej Plenković
Harvinder Singh Wins Individual Recurve Men’s Open Gold at Asian Para-Archery Championships
• Paralympic champion Harvinder Singh secured the individual recurve men’s open gold at
the Asian Para-Archery Championships in Beijing, defeating Thailand’s Hanreuchai
Netsiri 7–1 in the final.
• This victory marked his first individual Asian Para-Archery gold after a six-year wait.
• Triple Medal Haul:
o Individual Recurve Men’s Open Gold

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

o Mixed Recurve Gold alongside Bhawna

o Men’s Recurve Team Silver with Vivek Chikara
Magnus Carlsen Clinches SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz 2025 Title in Zagreb
• World number one Magnus Carlsen won the SuperUnited Rapid and Blitz 2025 in Zagreb,
securing victory with one round to spare.
• The tournament, part of the Grand Chess Tour, featured top international competitors, including
India’s D Gukesh, who impressed by finishing third at just 19 years old.
• Grand Chess Tour Event: The Super United Rapid & Blitz combines two fast-time-control
formats—Rapid and Blitz—and contributes points toward the season standings.
Neeraj Chopra Clinches Inaugural Neeraj Chopra Classic with 86.18 m Throw
• Olympic and World Champion Neeraj Chopra won the first-ever Neeraj Chopra Classic 2025 at
the Sree Kanteerava Stadium in Bengaluru, delivering a season-defining performance in
the World Athletics Gold-level series.
• Winning Mark of 86.18 m: Chopra’s third-attempt throw of 86.18 metres sealed his victory on
home soil.
• Podium Finishers:
o Silver: Kenya’s Julius Yego with a season-best 84.51 m.
o Bronze: Sri Lanka’s Rumesh Pathirage with 84.34 m.
India Falls to 133rd in FIFA Rankings – Lowest Position Since 2016
• The Indian men’s football team has slipped to 133rd place in the latest FIFA world rankings,
released on July 10, 2025, marking its lowest position in nine years.
• The decline follows consecutive losses in June, including a defeat to lower-ranked Hong Kong,
raising serious concerns about the team’s performance and future prospects.
• Rank Drop: India fell six spots, from 127th to 133rd, following two defeats — 0-2 to
Thailand in a friendly (June 4) and 0-1 to Hong Kong in the Asian Cup qualifiers.
• Top Global Rankings: The top 10 FIFA-ranked teams are:
1. Argentina,
2. Spain,
3. France,
4. England,
5. Brazil,
6. Portugal,
7. Netherlands,

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

8. Belgium,
9. Germany,
10. Croatia.
India to Host ISSF Shooting World Cup 2027 & World Junior Championship 2028
• National Rifle Association of India(NRAI), with International Shooting Sport
Federation (ISSF) approval, will bring two major events to India: the Shooting World Cup in
2027 and the World Junior Championship in 2028, reinforcing the nation’s growing stature in
global shooting sports.
• ISSF-approved hosting of the Shooting World Cup in 2027 and World Junior Championship
in 2028, marking India’s elevation as a preferred venue.
• Comprehensive event roadmap including the Junior World Cup (September 2025) and Asian
Rifle & Pistol Championship (February 2026), creating a continuous international calendar.
Sachin Tendulkar’s Portrait Unveiled at Lord’s MCC Museum
• A portrait of cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar was unveiled at the MCC Museum at Lord’s
Cricket Ground, London — a significant honour at the historic “Home of Cricket.”
• The artwork, created by renowned British artist Stuart Pearson Wright, was revealed just before
the third Test match between India and England.
• Special Recognition: Tendulkar’s portrait becomes a permanent addition to the MCC Museum,
honouring his iconic cricketing legacy and deep connection with English cricket.
India Shines at World Boxing Cup 2025 with Record Medal Haul
• India delivered its best-ever performance at the World Boxing Cup 2025 held in Astana,
Kazakhstan, securing a total of 11 medals, including 3 golds by Sakshi, Jaismine, and Nupur.
• This marks a historic milestone for Indian women’s boxing on the global stage.
• Gold Medal Winners:
o Sakshi (54kg) defeated Yosline Perez (USA) with a unanimous decision.
o Jaismine (57kg) triumphed over Jucielen Cequeira Romeu (Brazil) with a 4:1 score.
o Nupur (80+kg) dominated Yeldana Talipova (Kazakhstan) with a 5:0 win.
• Total Medal Tally: India bagged 11 medals — 3 Gold, 5 Silver, and 3 Bronze, surpassing its
previous best from the Brazil leg (6 medals: 1 Gold, 1 Silver).
Lando Norris Clinches Rain-Soaked Victory at Silverstone British Grand Prix
• In a dramatic, rain-affected race at Silverstone, Lando Norris delivered a dream result for
himself and McLaren, winning the British Grand Prix and closing the championship gap to
teammate Oscar Piastri.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Home Triumph: Norris achieved his long-awaited win at his home track, fulfilling a childhood
ambition after watching Lewis Hamilton’s 2008 victory.
• Hülkenberg’s Remarkable Podium: Nico Hülkenberg climbed from 19th to finish third,
marking his first podium in 239 races and Sauber’s first since 2012.
India Secures First Ever Test Victory at Edgbaston with Record 336-Run Win
• India made history at Edgbaston by defeating England by 336 runs, marking their first Test
match win at the venue and recording their largest away Test victory.
• This triumph also allowed India to level the series after losing the opening Test.
• Breaking the Edgbaston Jinx: Prior to this match, India had suffered seven losses and one
draw in eight Tests at Edgbaston.
India to Bid for 2029 or 2031 World Athletics Championships as Part of Olympic Hosting Ambition
• India has officially announced its intention to bid for hosting rights of the World Athletics
Championships in 2029 or 2031.
• The plan was revealed by Adille Sumariwalla, a senior official of the Athletics Federation of
India (AFI) and vice-president of World Athletics, during a press interaction, in Bengaluru.
• The move aligns with India’s broader vision to host the 2036 Olympic Games.
Chelsea FC Wins FIFA Club World Cup 2025 with Dominant 3-0 Victory Over PSG
• Chelsea FC claimed their second FIFA Club World Cup title by defeating Paris Saint-
Germain (PSG) 3-0 in the inaugural expanded edition of the tournament held at MetLife
Stadium, New Jersey.
• Cole Palmer emerged as the standout performer with two goals and one assist.
• Star Performer – Cole Palmer: Scored in the 22nd and 30th minutes, and assisted Joao
Pedro for the third goal, earning the adidas Golden Ball (Best Player).
• Match Dominance: Chelsea’s tactical execution under manager Enzo Maresca overwhelmed
PSG, who had beaten Real Madrid and Bayern Munich in earlier rounds.
• Individual Awards:
o Golden Ball (Best Player): Cole Palmer (Chelsea)
o Golden Glove (Best Goalkeeper): Robert Sanchez (Chelsea)
o Bronze Ball: Moises Caicedo (Chelsea)
o Best Young Player: Desire Doue (PSG)
o Top Goal Scorer: Gonzalo Garcia (Real Madrid)
Jannik Sinner Defeats Carlos Alcaraz to Win Maiden Wimbledon Title 2025

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Italy’s Jannik Sinner won his first Wimbledon title by defeating Spain’s Carlos Alcaraz in the
men’s singles final, at Centre Court, All England Club, London.
• This win marked Sinner’s fourth Grand Slam title and ended Alcaraz’s 20-match Wimbledon
streak.
• Match Result: Sinner beat Alcaraz in four sets: 4-6, 6-4, 6-4, 6-4, showcasing composure and
resilience, especially in high-pressure moments.
MI New York Clinch Second MLC Title with Remarkable Comeback
• In a dramatic turnaround at the Grand Prairie Stadium in Dallas, MI New
York defeated Washington Freedom by 5 runs to lift their second Major League Cricket
(MLC) trophy.
• After losing 6 of their first 7 matches, MI New York rallied through standout performances with
both bat and ball to secure the championship.
• Quinton de Kock’s Match‐Defining Innings: Scored 77 off 46 balls (6 fours, 4 sixes),
anchoring MI New York’s total of 180/7 with a 72‐run opening stand alongside Monank Patel.
ICC Players of the Month – June 2025 announced
• The International Cricket Council (ICC) has named Aiden Markram (South Africa) and Hayley
Matthews (West Indies) as the Men’s and Women’s Players of the Month for June 2025,
recognizing their outstanding performances.
• Represented South Africa in the ICC World Test Championship (WTC) Final at Lord’s,
London.
• Scored 136 runs off 207 balls in the second innings, anchoring South Africa’s successful 282-
run chase against Australia.
Andre Russell Announces Retirement, Closing a Storied T20 Chapter
• West Indies all-rounder Andre Russell (37) has confirmed his retirement from international
cricket, with his final appearances slated for the T20Is against Australia on July 20 and 22,
2025, at Sabina Park, Jamaica.
• Celebrated for his match-winning power-hitting and death-over bowling, Russell leaves
behind a legacy defined by explosive performances in maroon.
India Secures Two Golds, Two Silvers at 57th International Chemistry Olympiad 2025
• India demonstrated its academic prowess by winning two gold and two silver medals at
the 57th International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) 2025, held in Dubai, UAE.
• Ranking 6th globally among 90 participating nations, this achievement reinforces India’s
consistent excellence in international science competitions.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Medal Tally: India bagged 2 gold and 2 silver medals, marking a significant top-10 global
finish among 90 countries and 354 students.
Bihar Clinches Double Victory at Junior National Rugby 7s Championship 2025
• Bihar emerged as the dominant force at the 10th Junior National Rugby 7s Championship
2025, held at Maharana Pratap Sports College, Dehradun, by securing both the U18 Boys’
and Girls’ titles.
• The boys’ team defeated defending champions Odisha 17–15 in a closely contested final,
completing a rare and historic sweep.
• Double Title Win: Bihar won both U18 Boys’ and Girls’ championships, replicating their
success from 2022, and showcasing consistent excellence in youth rugby.
Iga Swiatek Clinches First Wimbledon Title with Historic ‘Double Bagel’ Win
• Poland’s Iga Swiatek won her first Wimbledon title, defeating Amanda Anisimova (USA) with
a rare 6-0, 6-0 scoreline.
• The 57-minute match became one of the most one-sided women’s finals in Grand Slam history
and marked a major milestone in Swiatek’s already impressive career.
• Historic Final Score: Swiatek won with a “double bagel” (6-0, 6-0), only the third time this has
happened in a women’s Grand Slam final, and the first since 1988.
Harikrishnan A. Ra. Becomes India’s 87th Chess Grandmaster
• Chennai-based chess player Harikrishnan A. Ra. has officially become India’s 87th
Grandmaster (GM) after securing his final GM norm at the La Plagne International Chess
Festival in France.
• This success marks the end of a seven-year journey that began when he first became an
International Master.
• Final GM Norm Achieved: Harikrishnan secured his third and final GM norm by drawing his
last-round match against Indian player P. Iniyan at La Plagne, after defeating Jules Moussard
(France) in the penultimate round.
Italy and Netherlands Secure Spots in 2026 ICC Men’s T20 World Cup
• In the final of the Europe Qualifiers, the Netherlands clinched a crucial victory,
while Italy leveraged a superior net run rate to book their place in the 2026 ICC Men’s T20
World Cup—marking Italy’s debut in the tournament.
• The event featured a dramatic last day where all four contenders remained in contention.
• Netherlands’ Match-Winning Performance: The Dutch side chased down 134/7 comfortably,
sealing qualification with a win on the final day.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Italy’s Historic Debut: Despite losing the match, Italy advanced by maintaining the required
net run rate, becoming first-time qualifiers.
Murali Sreeshankar Clinches Victory at Meeting Maia Cidade do Desporto 2025
● Murali Sreeshankar marked his return to international competition by winning the men’s
long jump at the World Athletics Continental Tour Bronze–level meet in Maia, Portugal,
with a best leap of 75m, edging out Poland’s Piotr Tarkowski on countback.
England and Wales Cricket Board Awarded Hosting Rights for World Test Championship Finals
2027, 2029, and 2031
● The International Cricket Council (ICC) has granted the England and Wales Cricket
Board (ECB) the rights to host the next three World Test Championship Finals in 2027,
2029, and 2031, as announced at the ICC Annual Conference 2025 in Singapore.
● Building on successful staging of the 2021 Final at The Rose Bowl, the 2023 Final at The
Oval, and the 2025 Final at Lord’s, this move underscores England’s world-class
infrastructure and commitment to elevating Test cricket.
Arjun & Ishaan Dominate Opening Round of 2025 MRF National Racing Championship at Kari
Motor Speedway
● The MRF MMSC FMSCI Indian National Car Racing Championship 2025 kicked off at Kari
Motor Speedway, Coimbatore, featuring top categories—MRF F2000, Formula 1600,
Formula LGB 1300, Indian Touring Cars, Indian Junior Touring Cars, Super Stock, and
the Volkswagen Polo Cup—and showcasing the rise of teenage talent alongside seasoned
competitors.
India Achieves 7th Rank at the 66th International Mathematical Olympiad 2025
● The Indian team secured 7th place among 110 countries at the 66th IMO in Sunshine
Coast, Australia, by winning three gold, two silver, and one bronze medals and setting a
national record score of 193/252, underscoring the effectiveness of its Olympiad training
system.
● Event & Participation: The 66th IMO was held in Sunshine Coast, featuring 110 nations
and challenging students with six advanced problems over two days.
● Medal Tally & Record: India’s six-member team earned 3 gold, 2 silver, and 1 bronze,
achieving a historic score of 193 out of 252.
● Team Composition: Gold medallists were Kanav Talwar, Aarav Gupta, and Adhitya
Mangudy; silver went to Abel George Mathew and Aadish Jain; Archit Manas claimed
bronze.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

Japan Open 2025: Shi Yuqi Clinches Men’s Singles; An Se-young Dominates Women’s Draw
● The Japan Badminton Open 2025 in Tokyo witnessed Shi Yuqi overturn defending
champion Alex Lanier and An Se-young secure her sixth BWF title of the year, underscoring
Asia’s badminton supremacy.
India to Host FIDE World Cup 2025, Reinforcing Its Chess Leadership
● India has been selected to host the FIDE World Cup 2025, scheduled from October 30 to
November 27, 2025, marking a major milestone in the country’s journey as a global chess
powerhouse.
Diverse Qualification Routes:
● Reigning World and Women’s Champions
● Top performers from the 2023 World Cup
● Continental quotas: Africa (3), Americas (12), Asia (35), Europe (30)
● Top 13 players in June 2025 FIDE ratings
● Nominations from top 100 nations at the 2024 Olympiad
● FIDE President and Organizer nominees
About FIDE
● The International Chess Federation or World Chess Federation, commonly referred to by its
French acronym FIDE, is an international organization based in Switzerland that connects the
various national chess federations and acts as the governing body of international chess
competition.
● Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland
● Founded: 20 July 1924, Paris, France
● President: Arkady Dvorkovich
● Membership: 203 national associations
India Clinches Historic Badminton Bronze and Sets New Swimming Record at FISU World
University Games 2025
● India achieved a significant milestone at the FISU World University Games 2025 in Berlin,
Germany, by winning its first-ever badminton medal — a bronze in the mixed team event.
● In a parallel success, Indian swimmer Srihari Nataraj broke a long-standing national record
in the men’s 100m freestyle.
● India secured bronze in the mixed team badminton event after a 3-1 semifinal defeat
against Chinese Taipei.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Devika Sihag earned India’s only point in the tie by defeating Huang Ching Ping in the
women’s singles.
● In the quarterfinal, the Indian team, led by Sathish Kumar Karunakaran, beat Malaysia 3-
2, ensuring a historic podium finish.
● In swimming, Srihari Nataraj clocked 49.46 seconds in the men’s 100m freestyle,
qualifying for the semifinals.
● He broke the 16-year-old Indian record of 49.47 seconds, previously held by Virdhawal
Khade at the 2008 Guangzhou Asian Games.
India Shines at Polyak Imre & Varga Janos Memorial 2025 Wrestling Tournament in Budapest
● India delivered an impressive performance at the Polyak Imre & Varga Janos Memorial
2025, the final event of the United World Wrestling’s ranking series, held in Budapest,
Hungary.
● The tournament was crucial for wrestlers seeking better seeding at the 2025 World
Wrestling Championships, which will be held in Zagreb, Croatia, from September 13 to 21.
● India’s Medal Tally: The Indian contingent concluded the tournament with a total of 10
medals – 3 gold, 3 silver, and 4 bronze.
Qatar Joins Race to Host 2036 Olympic & Paralympic Games, Leveraging Established
Infrastructure
● The Qatar Olympic Committee (QOC) has entered discussions with the International
Olympic Committee (IOC) on the election process for selecting the 2036 Olympic and
Paralympic host city, adding Qatar to a field that already includes confirmed bids from
Indonesia, Turkey, India, and Chile.
Ish Sodhi Becomes Third Bowler in Men’s T20I History to Claim 150 Wickets
● New Zealand leg-spinner Ish Sodhi etched his name in the record books by becoming only
the third bowler in men’s T20 International history to take 150 wickets in the format.
● The milestone was achieved during New Zealand’s 60-run victory over Zimbabwe in the
2025 T20I Tri-Nation Series held in Harare.
● The 32-year-old delivered a match-winning spell of 4/12, dismantling Zimbabwe’s top order
and setting up a comfortable win for the Kiwis.
Veda Krishnamurthy Announces Retirement from International Cricket
● India women’s cricket team batter Veda Krishnamurthy, officially announced her retirement
from international cricket.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● However, she indicated that she intends to stay connected with the sport in another
capacity.
India’s Divyanshi Bhowmick Wins Gold at 29th Asian Youth Table Tennis Championships
● India’s Divyanshi Bhowmick secured a landmark victory in U-15 Girls’ Singles, claiming
gold at the 29th Asian Youth Table Tennis Championships held in Tashkent.
● In the final, the second-seeded Divyanshi defeated China’s Zhu Qihi 4-2, ensuring her
place in the upcoming World Youth Championships.
● Her semifinal match saw a hard-fought seven-game win against China’s Liu Ziling.
Oscar Piastri Secures Victory and Championship Lead with Belgian Grand Prix Win
● Oscar Piastri delivered a commanding performance at the 2025 Belgian Grand Prix in Spa-
Francorchamps, navigating a challenging wet-dry race to hold off teammate Lando Norris.
● His victory not only underscores McLaren’s competitive strength but also extends Piastri’s
Drivers’ Championship lead to 16 points, giving him a crucial advantage in a tightly
contested season.
Divya Deshmukh Triumphs at FIDE Women’s Chess World Cup 2025, Becomes India’s Fourth
Female Grandmaster
● Seventeen-year-old Divya Deshmukh made history in Batumi, Georgia, by defeating
India’s first woman Grandmaster and World No. 5, Koneru Humpy, in the rapid tiebreaks to
win the FIDE Women’s Chess World Cup.
● After two classical games ended in draws, Divya held Humpy to a solid draw in the first
rapid game and, with Black in the second, capitalized on a critical endgame mistake to
convert her advantage with precision, clinching the title and her Grandmaster
About FIDE
● Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland
● Founded: 20 July 1924, Paris, France
● President: Arkady Dvorkovich
● Membership: 203 national associations
India Concludes Rhine-Ruhr 2025 FISU World University Games with 12 Medals
● India wrapped up its campaign at the Rhine-Ruhr 2025 FISU World University Games in
Duisburg, Germany, with a total of 12 medals, comprising:
● 2 Gold
● 5 Silver
● 5 Bronze

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● These medals were won across athletics, archery, badminton, and tennis, reflecting India’s
growing depth in multiple disciplines at the university level.
England triumph is most-watched TV moment of 2025
● England’s thrilling triumph in the UEFA Women’s Euro 2025 Final against Spain not only
secured a footballing legacy but also became the most-watched television event in the UK
for the year 2025 so far.
● This iconic match captured hearts and screens across the nation, cementing its place as a
moment of national pride and sporting excellence.
India’s Golden Moment in Junior Badminton: Tanvi Sharma & Vennala Kalagotla Shine at
Badminton Asia Junior Championships 2025
● The stellar performances of Tanvi Sharma and Vennala Kalagotla at the Badminton Asia
Junior Championships 2025 marked a historic breakthrough for Indian junior badminton.
● Their achievements not only broke previous records but also signaled India’s growing strength
in women’s singles badminton at the continental level.
About the Tournament
● The Badminton Asia Junior Championships is an annual U-19 level tournament featuring
top young talent across Asia.
● India had previously seen success in individual and team events, with players like PV Sindhu,
Sameer Verma, and Lakshya Sen winning medals.
● However, India had never won two women’s singles medals in the same edition—until
2025.
Riley Powell Defeats Pankaj Advani at IBSF World 6-Red Snooker Championship 2025
● In a significant upset at the IBSF World 6-Red Snooker Championship 2025, 16-year-old
Riley Powell from Wales defeated Indian snooker legend Pankaj Advani in a thrilling final
held in Manama, Bahrain.
● The match ended 5-4 in Powell’s favour, denying Advani a record 29th world title on his
40th birthday.
● The result signifies the growing presence of young cueists in the international arena.

BOOKS AND AUTHOR

V.S. Ravi Launches ‘Confessions of a Shakespeare Addict’ in Hyderabad
• Retired IPS officer V.S. Ravi unveiled his new book “Confessions of a Shakespeare
Addict” at a literary gathering in Hyderabad.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• The book is a personal narrative of his enduring passion for William Shakespeare, reflecting on
the playwright’s influence across Ravi’s life and career.
• Author Background: V.S. Ravi is a retired Indian Police Service (IPS) officer and a well-known
literary columnist, particularly recognized for his articles in The Hindu Sunday Magazine.
• Publisher: The book was published by Diwakar and launched in the presence of the author’s
wife, Jayanthi, and several literature enthusiasts.
‘Das Paise ka Postcard’ Book Launched to Revisit Postcard Era of Communication
• Retired Army officer S.N. Ahmed launched his book ‘Das Paise ka Postcard’ in Hyderabad,
with the release officiated by actor and theatre director Vinay Varma.
• The book reflects on the emotional and cultural significance of postcards in the era before digital
communication.
• Author and Background: The book is authored by S.N. Ahmed, a retired officer of the Indian
Army, offering personal insight into the postcard era based on real-life experiences.

PERSON IN NEWS
Sub-Lieutenant Astha Poonia Becomes First Woman Fighter Pilot in Indian Navy, Achieving
Historic Gender Milestone
● Sub-Lieutenant Astha Poonia became the first woman to be inducted into the fighter stream
of the Indian Navy, marking a major milestone in gender inclusivity in combat roles.
● She received the "Wings of Gold" from Rear Admiral Janak Bevli, Assistant Chief of the Naval
Staff (Air), on 3 July 2025 at INS Dega, Visakhapatnam.
● Poonia completed the Second Basic Hawk Conversion Course alongside Lieutenant Atul
Kumar Dhull.
● Udaygiri is an advanced multi-mission warship equipped with stealth, sea-keeping, and
survivability technologies.
● The Navy commissioned INS Arnala, the first of 16 indigenously built Anti-Submarine Warfare
Shallow Water Crafts (ASWSWC), as part of the Eastern Naval Command.
● INS Arnala is the largest Indian Naval warship powered by a diesel engine-waterjet
combination, equipped with underwater sensors, acoustic communication systems, and a
comprehensive weapons suite including lightweight torpedoes, rockets, decoys, and mine-
laying capabilities.
● It also supports search and rescue operations in coastal waters

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

OBITUARIES
Ex-England Cricketer Wayne Larkins Passed away
● Wayne Larkins, former England and Northamptonshire batsman, died on June 28, 2025,
aged 71 after a short illness.
● Nicknamed "Ned", he played 13 Tests and 25 One Day Internationals (ODIs) for England
between 1979 and 1991.
● His second England appearance was in the 1979 World Cup final, batting at No. 7 and
bowling two overs.
● His most notable moment was scoring the winning runs at Sabina Park during the 1989-90
West Indies tour, giving England a 1-0 lead in the series.
Ex-Nigeria Goalkeeper Peter Rufai Passed Away
● Peter Rufai, former Nigeria goalkeeper, passed away at the age of 61.
● He was instrumental in Nigeria’s victory at the 1994 Africa Cup of Nations.
● Rufai had a 20-year playing career, representing clubs in Portugal, Spain, Belgium, and the
Netherlands.
● He was part of Nigeria’s 1994 FIFA World Cup squad in the USA, which brought global
recognition to Nigerian football.
Michael Madsen, Star of Kill Bill and Reservoir Dogs, Passed Away
● Michael Madsen, the iconic Hollywood actor, passed away at the age of 67.
● He was best known for roles in Quentin Tarantino’s films, including:Reservoir Dogs (1992) –
as Mr. Blonde, Kill Bill: Volume 1 & 2, The Hateful Eight
● He was found unresponsive at his Malibu home; the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s
Department reported no foul play, according to TMZ.
Bismillah Jan Shinwari, ICC International Panel Umpire, Passes Away at 41
• Former member of the ICC International Panel of Umpires, Bismillah Jan Shinwari, died at
the age of 41, following a brief illness.
• A pioneering figure in Afghan cricket officiating, he stood in 25 ODIs and 21 T20Is, leaving
behind a legacy of fairness, integrity, and professionalism.
• ICC International Panel Member: One of the first Afghan umpires selected to the ICC
International Panel, elevating Afghanistan’s presence in global cricket officiating.
Former Australian Fast Bowler Gordon Rorke Passed Away at 87
• Gordon Rorke, former Australian fast bowler, passed away at the age of 87.

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Known for his towering frame and express pace, Rorke played 4 Test matches for Australia,
all in 1959.
• He was considered one of the fastest bowlers in Australia during his era, according
to ESPNcricinfo.
Renowned Urdu Scholar and Barabanki-born Academic Professor C.M. Naim Passed Away
• Professor C.M. Naim, a Barabanki-born scholar and a leading authority on Urdu and South
Asian languages, has passed away.
• He was Professor Emeritus of South Asian Languages and Civilisations at the University of
Chicago, where he taught from 1961 to 2001.
• He chaired the South Asian Languages and Civilisations Department at Chicago from 1985
to 1991.
Former Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari Passed away
• Muhammadu Buhari, former Nigerian President and ex-military ruler, died at age
82 in London following a prolonged illness.
• Current Nigerian President Bola Tinubu announced Buhari’s death and ordered flags to fly at
half-staff in his honor.
• Buhari ruled Nigeria first as a military junta leader in the 1980s and later as an elected
democrat from 2015 to 2023, serving two terms.
Veteran Telugu Actor Kota Srinivasa Rao Passed away
• Kota Srinivasa Rao, veteran Telugu actor known for villainous and comedy roles, passed
away on July 13, 2025, at age 83 in Hyderabad.
• Kota was a former BJP MLA from Vijayawada (served 1999-2004) before focusing fully on his
acting career.
• He acted in over 750 films spanning four decades, making significant contributions
to comedy, villainous, and character roles.
Padma Bhushan Awardee & legendary actress Saroja Devi Passed Away
• B Saroja Devi, a Padma Bhushan recipient, passed away at the age of 87 on July 14, 2025.
• B Saroja Devi was an acclaimed actress known for films like “Abhinaya
Saraswathi” and “Kannadathu Paingili.”
• Saroja Devi acted in over 200 films across multiple languages including Kannada, Tamil,
Telugu, and Hindi.
Awards and honours:
• Padma Shri (1969)

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

• Padma Bhushan (1992)

• Kalaimamani Award (Tamil Nadu)
• Honorary doctorate from Bangalore University
Fearless Felix, the skydiver who leapt from space, passed away in paragliding accident
• Felix Baumgartner, famously known as ‘Fearless Felix’, was an Austrian skydiver and
daredevil born on April 20, 1969, in Salzburg, Austria.
• He died at age 56 in a paragliding accident on July 17, 2025, near Porto Sant’Elpidio on
Italy’s Adriatic coast.
• During the accident, Baumgartner reportedly experienced physical discomfort, lost control of
his motorised paraglider, and crashed into a hotel swimming pool, resulting in his death.
Filmmaker Chandra Barot, director of Amitabh Bachchan’s Don, passed away
● Veteran filmmaker Chandra Barot passed away on July 20, 2025 due to cardiac arrest in
Mumbai at the age of 86.
● Before directing, he worked as an assistant director to Manoj Kumar on films like Purab Aur
Pachhim, Roti Kapada Aur Makaan, Yaadgaar, and Shor.
● Chandra Barot made his directorial debut with the iconic film Don (1978), starring Amitabh
Bachchan in a double role (mafioso and simpleton).
D-Day Hero and TikTok Icon “Papa Jake” Larson Passed Away
● D-Day veteran “Papa Jake” Larson, who survived German gunfire on Normandy’s
Omaha Beach in 1944, died at the age of 102.
● Larson gained 1.2 million followers on TikTok late in life by sharing World War II stories to
commemorate fallen comrades.
● Known for his quick smile, jokes, and hugs, he was celebrated as a true American hero by
many, including U.S. lawmaker Mike Thompson.
Veteran Communist Leader and Ex-Kerala Chief Minister V.S. Achuthanandan passed away in
Thiruvananthapuram
● Veteran Communist leader and former Kerala Chief Minister V.S. Achuthanandan passed
away at the age of 101 in Thiruvananthapuram after a prolonged illness following cardiac
arrest.
● Achuthanandan was a towering figure in Kerala’s political landscape.
● He served as Leader of the Opposition from 2001 to 2006, strongly opposing the A.K.
Antony-led UDF government.
Austrian Daredevil Felix Baumgartner passed away at 56 in Paragliding Accident in Italy

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 Important Monthly Current Affairs Capsule – July 2025

● Felix Baumgartner, a noted Austrian base jumper and skydiver, passed away at the age
of 56 in a paragliding accident in Italy.
● He was best known for his record-breaking 2012 jump from approximately 24 miles (39 km)
above Earth.
● The jump was conducted using a pressurised capsule for the ascent.
● The event set a world record for the highest freefall and also for the fastest descent
without mechanical propulsion.
Hulk Hogan: WWE Legend and Global Sports Entertainment Icon Passes Away at 71
● Hulk Hogan, born Terry Gene Bollea, died, at the age of 71, marking the end of a
transformative era in professional wrestling and sports entertainment.
● Known as “The Hulkster,” Hogan was a six-time WWE Champion and a key figure who
helped professional wrestling gain worldwide mainstream popularity during the 1980s and
1990s.
● His death from cardiac arrest was confirmed by Clearwater Police and WWE. Hogan’s
influence extended beyond the ring into television, films, and global pop culture for over four
decades.
Architect Tara Murali, wife of The Hindu Director N. Murali, passed away
● Tara Murali, aged 75, was an architect and wife of N.Murali, Director of The Hindu Group
of Publications and President of The Music Academy passed away at her home in
Chennai.
● Tara Murali completed her architectural education at the School of Planning and
Architecture, Delhi, and later trained at the School of Architecture and Planning,
University of Madras.
● She had an active career in architecture and urban planning, focusing on city
development, housing for the poor, and heritage preservation.
Renowned Indian-Origin Economist and Author Meghnad Desai Passed Away
● Lord Meghnad Desai, eminent Indian-born economist and author, passed away on July
29, 2025, at the age of 85.

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