Geography- Chapter 1: India – Size and Location.

Worksheet:
Q. 1. Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which line of latitude passes through the middle of India?
a) Equator. b) Tropic of Capricorn
c) Tropic of Cancer. d) Arctic Circle
Answer: c) Tropic of Cancer
2. What is the standard meridian of India?
a) 90° E. b) 82°30′ E
c) 75° E d) 60° E
Answer: b) 82°30′ E
3. Which country shares the longest border with India?
a) Pakistan. b) China
c) Bangladesh d) Nepal
Answer: c) Bangladesh
4. What is the total area of India?
a) 2.5 million sq. km. b) 3.28 million sq. km
c) 4.4 million sq. km. d) 5.1 million sq. km
Answer: b) 3.28 million sq. km
5. Which Indian island group lies in the Bay of Bengal?
a) Maldives b) Andaman and Nicobar
c) Lakshadweep. d) Seychelles
Answer: b) Andaman and Nicobar
6. Indira Point is located in which island group?
a) Andaman. b) Nicobar
c) Lakshadweep. d) Maldives
Answer: b) Nicobar
7. What is the north-south extent of India in km?
a) 2,933 km. b) 3,214 km
c) 3,000 km. d) 2,000 km
Answer: b) 3,214 km
8. How many states in India does the Tropic of Cancer pass through?
a) 6. b) 8
c) 7. d) 9
Answer: b) 8
9. What is the easternmost state of India?
a) Mizoram. b) Nagaland
c) Arunachal Pradesh. d) Assam
Answer: c) Arunachal Pradesh
10. Which Indian state has the longest coastline?
a) Gujarat. b) Maharashtra
c) Tamil Nadu d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: a) Gujarat
11. India's southernmost point is:
a) Kanyakumari. b) Indira Point
c) Pamban. d) Point Calimere
Answer: b) Indira Point
12. Which city is nearest to the Standard Meridian of India?
a) Allahabad. b) Delhi
c) Mirzapur. d) Varanasi
Answer: c) Mirzapur
13. Which water body separates India and Sri Lanka?
a) Gulf of Mannar. b) Palk Strait
c) Arabian Sea. d) Bay of Bengal
Answer: b) Palk Strait
14. Which of the following is NOT a neighbouring country of India?
a) Afghanistan. b) Thailand
c) Bhutan. d) Nepal
Answer: b) Thailand
15. India is the _______ largest country in the world by area.
a) Fifth. b) Sixth
c) Seventh. d) Eighth
Answer: c) Seventh
*Assertion and Reason Based MCQs*
(Choose the correct options based on these codes for Q. No. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but R is not the correct explanation of
A.
C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Assertion and Reason Type MCQs
16. Assertion: India has only one time zone.
Reason: To avoid confusion due to wide longitudinal extent.
Answer: A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A.
17. Assertion: There is a two-hour time gap between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat.
Reason: Earth rotates 1° in 4 minutes.
Answer: A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A.
18. Assertion: India’s coastline helps in international trade.
Reason: India has a long coastline on both sides.
Answer: A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A.
19. Assertion: India shares land boundary with 5 countries.
Reason: India is a large landmass in Asia.
Answer: D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
20. Assertion: Standard Meridian helps keep a uniform time.
Reason: It passes through the centre of India.
Answer: A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A.
Worksheet:
Q. 2. Answer the following questions in short:
1. What is the total geographical area of India?
India's total land area is about 3.28 million square kilometers. It ranks seventh in the world
in terms of area.
2. Why is the difference between the time of sunrise in Arunachal Pradesh and
Gujarat nearly two hours?
Because of India’s wide east-west extent of about 30 longitudes, Arunachal Pradesh
(easternmost state) experiences sunrise two hours earlier than Gujarat (westernmost). But
India follows a single standard time based on 82°30′ E longitude.
3. Name the countries that share land boundaries with India.
India shares its land borders with seven countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal,
Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.
4. Why is the Standard Meridian of India taken as 82°30′ E?
It is taken because it passes through the middle of the country (near Mirzapur, UP), helping
maintain a uniform time for the entire nation.
5. Which two island groups are part of India? Where are they located?
Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal and Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian
Sea.
6. Which water bodies surround India?
The Arabian Sea on the west, the Bay of Bengal on the east, and the Indian Ocean on the
south.
7. Name the states through which the Tropic of Cancer passes.
It passes through Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West
Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.
8. Which Indian state is the easternmost?
Arunachal Pradesh is the easternmost state of India.
9. What is the longitudinal and latitudinal extent of India?
Latitude: 8°4′N to 37°6′N
Longitude: 68°7′E to 97°25′E
10. Why is the Indian Ocean named after India?
India has a long coastline and a central location on the ocean, making it important for trade,
history, and culture. No other country has such influence over the ocean.
11. Name India’s southern neighbours.
Sri Lanka (separated by Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar) and Maldives (southwest of India in
the Arabian Sea).
12. Which state in India has the longest coastline?
Gujarat has the longest coastline among Indian states.
13. What is the north-south extent of India?
About 3,214 km from Kashmir to Kanyakumari.
14. What is the east-west extent of India?
About 2,933 km from Arunachal Pradesh to Gujarat.
15. Which city is located closest to the Standard Meridian?
Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh is located closest to 82°30′ E.
16. Name the neighbouring countries of India to the north.
China, Nepal, and Bhutan lie to the north of India.
17. Why does India have a central location in Asia?
India is located at the junction of the East and West Asia and is surrounded by sea on three
sides, making it the central point for trade routes.
18. What is the significance of 82°30′ E?
It is the central longitude used for Indian Standard Time (IST), helping maintain uniform
time across the country.
19. How does India's location help in economic development?
Its location between two major oceans and proximity to many countries promotes trade,
tourism, fishing, and transport.
20. Why is India called a peninsula?
Because it is surrounded by water on three sides—Arabian Sea in the west, Bay of Bengal in
the east, and Indian Ocean in the south.
Q. 3. Answer the following questions in detail:
1. Explain the geographical location and extent of India.
India is located in the Northern Hemisphere. Its latitudinal extent is from 8°4′N to 37°6′N
and longitudinal extent from 68°7′E to 97°25′E. The Tropic of Cancer (23°30′N) passes
almost through the center. The country’s central location in Asia gives it importance in
international trade.
2. How does India’s location provide advantages for international trade?
India's central location between East and West Asia and its long coastline along the Indian
Ocean make it an ideal centre for sea routes. It connects the countries of Europe and Africa
with those of East and Southeast Asia.
3. Why is India considered a subcontinent?
India is a vast landmass with varied physical features, climate, and culture. It has a distinct
identity within Asia and was once a separate tectonic plate. All these make it a
subcontinent.
4. What is the significance of the Tropic of Cancer in India?
The Tropic of Cancer divides India into tropical and subtropical zones. It influences the
climate and agricultural patterns of the country. It passes through 8 states, giving them hot
summers and diverse crops.
5. Describe the neighbouring countries of India and their location.
India shares its borders with Pakistan and Afghanistan (northwest), China, Nepal, and
Bhutan (north), Bangladesh and Myanmar (east), and its southern neighbours are Sri Lanka
and Maldives, separated by sea.
6. What is the importance of India’s long coastline?
India’s coastline of over 7,500 km supports trade, tourism, fishing, naval defense, and
cultural exchange. It provides access to important ports and maritime trade routes.
7. Explain why India has only one time zone.
Although there is a two-hour difference from east to west, India follows a single time zone
based on 82°30′E. This avoids confusion in trains, broadcasting, and office timings.
8. How does the east-west extent of India affect daily life?
The sun rises two hours earlier in the east than in the west. But due to a single time zone,
people in eastern states start their day early, and those in western regions experience late
sunrise and sunset.
9. Describe India’s position in the world in terms of area and population.
India is the 7th largest country in the world by area and the 2nd most populous. It accounts
for about 2.4% of the world’s land area and about 17.5% of its population.