My Great Aunt Arizona
My Great Aunt Arizona
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My Great Aunt Arizona
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My Great Aunt Arizona
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130 EDITOR'S PORTFOLIO, (ars Sel a pales tron Tat. 68
deg. 56 min. Ni 106 deg. 40 mins Ws anther rena vein Sh lat. 68 fee
Ney Tong. a in. W., the Arotic coast mnprised in: ie ewe panel Se
Soa a swat to the Inst mentioned roe ee tan ble portion was Lie by
alt shee tye indented by an endless succession of mi ohne"?
projecting points of Jand, acacia a an rel fom pe ae ; From this dese
cori ark talark Ssh ce that our route bare terpos intricate one, ui of
the su most write til at, whils Meetsbeycid coer bi Gadlan sour Ger
toceust aoe ieee RE ne dered gat dpe fom the ota uffo: y the
ialansts froma the i was from the Ist to oe Se ertrted a ead that lad
et hey te insalar chain, White Boar Point, as it was called, ties in Jat,
68 deg. 7 min, 85 sec. N,, long. 103 deg, 36 mio, 45 sec, W.,
variation 54 deg. 4 min, Bs ‘These bays and masves o! islands
presenta distinet suceesion of geological features, which can be best
iflostrated by our series a epaeiaoee the rocks that compose this
wild and barren cris They oper gers eek, the lat. 68 deg. Qin N lon ry
deg. 15 min. W., is Pies ane to by rein deer and musk oxen in the
summer season. Finding the Ce as already remarked, trending
northly from the botee te , we expected nothing less than to be
carried round Cape Felix James Ross, contrary to the conjecture
hazarded Mr. sees narrative of last your's journey. On the evening of
the 10th August, however, (at the point already pigiven)s we Se eye
a re id rush iraapalnibatis coin. tha eslcsacn of enopen tealecding jo
abaceae eae Her Great Fi River, This strait is tea miles wide at lied}
ies ese bat contracts to three in the centre. Even that narrow
channel is much pesceeaea non by high shingle islands, but there is
deep water in the The 12th of ve was signalized by the most terrific
thunder storm we have ever hated in Ao aad Next day it blew ron;
from the westward, with a very dense cold fog, but we ran ly soul
passed Point Richardson and Point Ogle orSir Gorges errr ‘on till the
darkness of night and the (pa ve us ashore Point Pechell. The storm
tities wo ie) nort gale and Jasted till the 16th, when we directed our
course with ed lying to the Montreal Island, On its northern side our
people, ‘ided aoe fackay, see found a deposit ar among the rocks aie
Uy sana SAE George Back's party, but,as Mackay seemed to thin!
Officer’s know! It contained two of pemicam, an erate of cocoa aud
chiospiooe all tly rotten, besides an old tin vasculum, and two or
three other trivial articles, of which we took er he as memorials of
our haying breakfasted on the identical poled of our gallant though
less saccessful precursor stood on Ogle to the Great Pish River that
very day five od LX pede 1 idertake: eet st pe oe pi sabe ate of fal,
nod he de eave hieerless as the col Venere ok on =
— 8 i E x i Be F E 3 E EE xplori narrow bay of Point Ogle,
which extends to the 68th; lel of latitude. The north ly, with sharp
frost, and next day we got no further than we crossed over on the
24th, to what the i 1 : d i z E 3 & on which stands Cape Fel the
satisfaction of ee for about sixty miles till it bg2he Hi] eeie iets Bait a
: BF geri ane constructed another durable memorial of our
discoveries, which was saluted in the usual manner, Then, recrossing
the strait on the 25th, we for some Meni exe cebnetd realy bly
iRevetag more Blea the seaward verge of the er course. pire tae eric
ey ing and unsettled, soon became ly of August, a snow-storm
began, that for seven days, during four days of which we were fixed
to a single spot by the violence of the N.W. ; while the frost was so
keen, that the among the rocks on wi Sealy hecsies 50} ese RN eae
3 man, A more interval succeeded this fierce reals. continent again,
at the large river already mentioned, we strack N.N.W., an extensive
island, twenty-two miles off, which we coasted N.W. for twenty
miles; and, shortly before sunset, on the 6th of September, stood
oat thence dee N. for the nearest point of Victoria Land, which
proved equally distant, We have never seen anything more brilliant
the phosphoric “Pay ld tarde regener "The boats seemed to rleare a
flood of molten silver; and the spray, dashed from their bows before
the fresh breeze, fell back like showers SOE RRR ay ee pe It was a
cold night, and when we at last made the land, cliffs, faced eternal
ice, may Tne cont of Vicioca Lt, whish we explored fr wpuands 4
coast we wiiso ils, i imcomparably the boldest we have met with in
these seas, Often, near the shore, no bottom could be found with
chi: fathoms of Nae; and the ceralean blac colour of the water ©
indicated a profound depth. There are several noble bays, the
largest of which, N.W. ‘of Cape Alexander, is twenty miles wide, and
equal! backed by snow. elad mountains. is stains to 69 deg. 0 min.
No the iuteade of to trend northward of west, Cape Barrow by: = ae
On the 10th September, we crossed oan ‘strait, astroag B.S.B, or
side-wind, and a rough sea, in our 20 pinto a engage Ape ong a
themselves beyond our most Wis return from Cape Barrow was
miserably neaedioy tore, .W mew, Sree. webb, Winter September; 4
ea of renee after the Pola = i t i Ir
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46 THE DUKE OP WELLINGTON, (pure, 1808, Sept. pease
eset eer bahar Too; Say 12. tase SRL oes 1809. ana 1815. June 18,
Watson 1822 ee le Congress at 1826. To St. Blane Spell Baal: 1827.
Apel Res ofies, on tes Camnbay betny monde Peten Melee 5 ie ‘of
the Test and Corporation Acts, Callie ‘Emancipation. . ed Office.
1834. Chancellor of Oxford. “ti In Office from Nov. to April. Though
an adequate estimate of the Duke of W: 's greatness Eetaes ie
tesssd tvs ac cal coven od tn viele Saar of his sebitr ice of his
exploits bein care promiotd (oan SenaanE turn our attention to a few
of these, such as seem to be most Musteative of his extraordi
qualities—his heroic ; his Patience, forbearance, and in his ability
and anwearied diligence item. 8 tary hi and perseverance to the
service of misl routed them, tee aie ates 2 Argaum. In this Cae of
mind was severely tried, No. sooner had ube enemy's artill bea pity,
than a body of wi bud fouphe well at Avtye, 1, ig an important Sehr
ts weeaes aio Slee sd jaded atvistory Hiab esa eed to ths wee eerie
tas mt coon in defianee of a strong force on the bank, was an
extraordinary achievement: but we cannot dwell though we should
he te hae fs spprtone tape sof rh Soult at what a rapid rate he was
obliged to betake himself to it on that occasion. 4. Torres Vedras, No
instance of the Duke's foresight and perse
#&E = the chances = and able to turn a be fortheoming in
en came when the foe must decamp; off they went, Massena, child
of victory, and Ney, the bravest of the brave, grumbling another, but
unable to any safe resting-place till they had leave of the Portuguese
% Heide Woliseive bed object of continual taunts and evil
forebodings with critics at F 3 a = Hf i iFie to the utmost account, 1
he knew would | { i | i i Hl & de petalant calamuy, 4. Ciudad Rodrigo
and Badajoz. 1812. The rapidity with which these fortresses, so
strong and well garrisoned, were taken, astonished rE Ht r ey H i ug)
Hi i ; in danger, and caused the loss of one or two valuable hours.
still was the conceit or negligence of a ish officer, who, stationed in a
fort commanding a bri Ng babe retreated, had quitted his post
without acquainting Wellington diag) 45; thereby lnaviag © wer of
secane fos, cian tebe would otherwise have been taken. lution, let us
say a fow words respecting that battle with whieh all of tusare most
familiar. Ifthe Duke ever exhibited courage bordering on rashness, it
was on that occasion; we do not mean during the battle itself, but in
running the risk of a battle at all: for he had a yery motley and
indifferent army—in the despatches he calls it an infamous army ;
meaning, we may be sure, not that the soldiers individually were
bad, or 1 aaa patra brigades, or divisions were not excellent, but 2 i
re rt therefore, of perfect mutual confidence, and of coherence
among eed icaruaey different nations, not only English, Scotch,
wetrake but Dutch, Nassau, Bronswickers, Hanoverians, and
Belgians. It is pact dene taseaet sept pac er ol ee he more ploty to
those who stood firm, Opposed to them were nearly 70,000 French
veterans, commanded by Buonaparte. ‘Tt must be admitted that,
according to calculation and just expectation, vere in favour of the
enemy at the beginning of the fight. L2
148 THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. [unz, If. accident had to
Wellii itis probable that Flog Mmmm have affered reed a Toate
Brassele was, nO doubt, very important, but the risk (had it not been
justified by the event) would have been thought too great. He might
with good reason have , on the that it was reasonable for himself
and Blucher not to bear such a dis i share in the campaign, but to
wait till the Austrians and Russians had come into line. i ever, he
chose the bolder part; which was likely to be still more agree+ able
to Blucher, who was eq brave and less cautions. Some military
critics, especially the French, pretend that the position at Waterloo
was a bad one, But the question is, not simply whether it was bad,
but whether it was not the best that could be found, carta it was not
good enough to justify risking a battle upon it. We must Ieave this
last point to be settled by the result ; which is far more efficacious
than any number of speculative arguments. Again, the Duke is with
having committed an error in detaching so large a force to Hal,
where they had nothing to do; but beforehand it was highly probable
that they would have something to do ; that the enem: mad at least
make a demonstration in that direction, which he might have done
with drawn from Lille and other garrisons. If he had done so, then
Wallington's having placed 15,000 men at Hal would have been
extolled as an instance of remarkable ce and foresight. As it
happened, they were not wanted there. If they had been at
Waterloo, Buonaparte would have seen at an earlier hour that he
had little chance of producing any impression, and would probably
have retreated without great loss. But our army was just weak to
tempt him to prolong his attacks till it was impossible to extricate
himself. Tf the 's army had been like that with which he crossed the
Pyrenees, (“my old ish Infantry,” as he calls it,) the day would have
gone on very differently. The enemy's cavalry would not have been
permitted to walk round our squares in the way they did, but would
have been swept off in a very lemurs th manner. bey ta existing
circumstances, it was necessary to jent ; to remain firm and quiet till
the enemy had exhausted Iiianielean pit marching backwards and
forwards across the miry plain, and till the Prussians had come up to
assist in making the overthrow complete. By referring to the Bo cra
we may see in this short eampaign a remarkable proof of the "s
personal activity, and capability of enduring fatigue. The news of the
enemy's advance reached him during atiacnane the 15th, and was
confirmed at a late hour of the i he would have much time for sleep
that night: the next day he was fighting at Quatre Bras till night: on
the 17th he was retreating to Waterloo, amidst a torrent of rain:
during E Brussels, On reviewing his Military history, his skill in the art
of war was so often and so signally di , a8 to leave no room for
dispute; the Se eaetatenctiar Oalcateeto aeevel paler havent soon
1840.] ‘THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. my fo great and so
long continued, concur in placing him among the greatest
Commanders that havovever lived. '¢ may truly apply to him what
was inscribed on the pillar erected in hongur of Hanaibaly—" He will
be vehemently desired in the day of battle.” ’ Great not only in
Military affairs, his ‘ity and judgment on other subjects a very
Vriicahlass Read dis ioe ke i loesstie papers relative to the
government of India, to Spanish affairs, to to a multiplicity of
important business which was committed to him as minister or n r;—
mnany of them written too during the ress 2 movements, and, as it
were, amid the very din and tumult of arms,—and we cannot but be
astonished at the activity and capacity of ‘his mind, at once so
prompt and so powerful. His temper, no jess admirable than his
frites to ile pape by the factions depravity of the recipe y the ; in
some lukewi ns ae ecoeerrieeyi af ths. eet of his mind, it may be
mentioned, that though he has passed the last twenty-five years of
his life Dispatches We firmly believe that more Generals have lived
who could have fought the battle of Waterloo, than there are who
having fought it could have given such an account of it;—plain and
simple, as if he were an occurrence, yet stating clearly the most
important circumstances. vi ne boa ses eran and full of meaning. /
not in, Nor ror Napolean ; le shows his Em rorahi Ae ae pane ea he
errors which have prevalent respecting the battle anit emer Speen
be permaded to attend to this plain and authentic document.
instance, he sa; “I continued the it after dark ;” enough to show that
he did not stop near to Belle Alli which some writers would lead us
to think. the sorrow of the le of land must, be great whenever iota te
will of God At ss from this earth ly scene of eer a ence abet bat be
thank) that through Tienes and imminent perils his life has been
spared so long. (Would that he could be to take more care of it!)
And as he has been superior to the rest of men in greatness, we
may confidently affirm that ‘or, as we it more properly to call it, the
protecting care of «rt tn to him in a degree unparalleled | exil y not
joy the admiration and gratitude of his country. ‘The fortune pte rere
te secreepinls ceomupdre have Seed tes ies lit BESy schdevonnal y
docing whole of which ——_ 4
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON, [Loxe, 50 time he has been
continually encircled with unbounded respect and admiration: even
those events which have been most adverse and Lae ale served to
bring more fully to light his ip the firmness of his temper and hi meri
ity; leading passietaly ts adopt Sl cares of policy which should
erecagly moderate the frenzy of innovation, and to wait patiently till
revenge ani cupidity, and the wild fancies of visionary enthusiasts
should be #0 far abated a4 to allow the re-establishment of law and
order, and the resumps tion of its logitimate functions by our limited
monarchy,—sometimes alas! too limited; too apt to be impeded and
enervated by speculative jirics, or overawed by popular violence. 4 if
we were called upon to ac Day semen en! lington which peculiarly
distinguishes him among other great men, it would be this: that,
being so great and powerful, he has always restrained his oy ib
within the es bounds oe law; he has never ‘attempted to gratify it by
any irregulor act; he always shown aptitude to obey as to command.
In this kind of self-control, it may be that Washington was equal to
him; but Wellington bas had the ity of displaying this and the other
qualities of a great man * in a far more extensive sphere of action. i
It will not, we trust, be thought inconsistent with gratitude to the
Stay wna having imparted to the Duke of Wellington such excellent
‘our benefit and security, if we endeavour to state the limitations
which in him, as it must be in all men, excellence to be bounded.
pean ben soutien ot our Perey it is difficult, or rather impossible, to
make numerous ities, which are ‘sepacoexist in the same character.
ty agercieg jes a man to maintain a rigid adherence to duty, is on
the one part; sympathy with the sufferings and infirmities of others,
is on sions, com) Is : but in order to accomplish lie objects amidst
the embarrassment and perplexity of many contending interests and
it would seem to be absolutel, necessary: (este Septet Seni like this,
where every man claims a share in the pettnsie forms i of nent le
value among apenas ey a strong desire for praise, but have power
also to make resentment be felt, if what they are so fond of be
sparingly given. a
1840.) THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON, 151 remarks i the kind
of defects which betaine Dien entigece commercial HHT Hy ih af EE
A dalbiae Y i ilk Et 53 32 gore EETE fee aH it i : z I F g lr z i 4 rE i a i
i i H H : | ? : i j Fl i [ z E : : B BEST, irtitt Hit iu aibfie tel Hei hel Ha!
have little of no force. First, as a General; it is charged against him
that he was not ‘with those who were under his command ; that he
had not, like Buonaparte and Nelson, tho art of attaching men to
(iopeetanenin enthusiasm. It must be admitted that his natural
disposition was ees aay epentbesy that be wasinot so pliant and
artful in this pleases sailors; but to maintain than in a large i
tachments, and ittle opportunity of o Seiad tenet, 1620) > pany
people by grestingS oceess not in to paci a Parliamentary Reform.
But all our most eminent statesmen have held that moderate
Reform, (transferring Members are ig tl i bE ame EE
152 THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. ‘[oxe, Melbourne,
resisted the beginni of Reform, on this ground. And mt Lord Grey's
Mini ly; they knew that the change ok i pea + ornotat all. And how
came it that there Jour provousy tind boon li beard of" Why shold
Ms. Caming lo hear sho ir. jing, srobat been the great champion
against Reform, be popular, and the Duke unpopular on that ground?
The wisdom and essential propriety of the measure could not vary
from year to year, however the opinions of fickle and ignorant people
might vary. Surely so great a measure, affecting the Constitution
vitally, and likely to extend its effects to remote ought to be judged
of by its intrinsic merits, and not by a number of adventitious
circumstances accidentally concurring,—a general election, French
ordinances, incendiarism, inexperience of the reigning Monarch. And
let us remember, the excellence of this new sc remains to be tried:
we have been hitherto at peace, and in no great difficulties : Tet a le
come, such as we had with the French Jacobins and Buonaparte,
and then it will be seen whether the order of men who now possess
the chief power, will go ‘h the conflict with as much firmness and
resolution as was done when the power was lodged with a very
different class. arena sealers any ie Te afloat ; but, now and then, a
storm springs up, which tries the i and workmanship; and a there be
any defect, down we go. bore even intelligent men were for making
peace with Buonaparte, when was on his march to Moscow; still
more when he returned from Elba. What policy is it probable that
the ten-pounders would have recomin those emergencies? It is on
such occasions that men’s wisdom is tried, and their determination,
one way or the other, is for life or death, If peace had been made
with Buonaparte on his return from Elba, would it have lasted
twenty-five years? No, not twentyfive months, if weeks. And yet it is
almost certain that a large majority of the ten-pounders would have
been in favour of it. Let us remember, also, that, whatever might be
the Duke's own opinion as to some Reform of Parliament being
desirable, it was absoIntely necessary, if he meant to retain office, to
pay deference to the opi jons of those on whom he chiefly rested for
support. In all parties ere is a reaction of the led upon the leaders:
concert implies compromise. If he had yielded to the clamour for
Reform, he must have tore himself entirely in the hands of the
opposite party,—i. e., of the higsy—and must have adopted their
policy, not only on that subject, but many others. It is impossible for
a. ister who has any regard for his r to be thus resting sometimes on
one party and sometimes on the opposite. It cannot be done; for
neither party will sub‘mit to it, unless it be for a short time, with the
view of gaining some end indirectly which they have no hope of
gaining by direct means. But it did not suit the Duke's character to
hold office in order to be made a TE ole Nepal nett Rails the other;
he had already suffered enough from changing his natural ground of
support for one artificial and temporary : it was impossible for him to
bear the repetition of such experiments, even supposing that, on its
own merits, he was not hostile Seetksetsehe sete sinatra yorker aac
(ColbdheRemaie i us to toa i i a} tion,) for which he has been much
censured by Gitaveat class from
1840.] THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. 153 the former. On
this subject the difficulties were cere either side. The feeling in
favour of it was manifest] raat There had been a majority for it,
more than once, in the reer ‘ommons. It. has been often said that a
large majority of the le of Kogiand wera it. But, if so, why did they
not se on this question, if they attached so earn: vitts to te ‘o require
the to resist ‘pation, and yet send Members who, it was known,
would vote in favour of it, was requiring him Pee rene fst Irae
seplainn ix Engler a cesta twenty towns po} a co me Beene
teeeacbere return by them had voted for the occasion of its es
geuong he tiewen 3 Tudacioasieeeiais ‘stances, it seems harsh to Sp
ibsmenlaed eaten. oa taunt him with having been adverse to
Emancipation one year, and having granted it the next: their
inconsistency was fence earn and Sa rgeatabis, ‘kia at one and the
same time were declaring that Eman~Peeteaieald load to the
overthrow of all our institutions, and yet were eae eee eas nba
evanrs ia ip tbe means It is said failed to tranquillize Ireland: but its
effect for good or ill li orl sufficient time for trial, It cannot saineae
en : a country which for many centuries has been in a eialnabioate
should be brought into order and happiness in ten by any single
measure. The joes to improvement are, we accidental and
temporary ; while the tendency to it is essential permanent, and,
when the accidental hindrances are removed, may ‘be expected to
take effect. Moreover, in this, as in every other case, ep a niernative
have to defend the course saa taken, always labour in argument
under a great disadvantage, evils attendant upon the course taken
are seen and felt, and cannot be denied ; but the evils which would
have resulted from the other course (Gf that side of the alternative
et pba are not seen, From ‘nature of the case, they are left to p Pc
ee ae Sattir disparant asp hantoms of ion Did ‘we not tell ae aan is
sacs hoe it would be ? cnt ime cotter cannot tell us, nor can we go
back to try, how matters would “have now stood, if we had taken
the other course, Besides, it is the incidental and not the natural
consequences of this measure which have been most deplorable. It
Be sion thal Canseratirs party as d thereby opened the way for all
the innovations which have followed. But who could expect at men’
would indulge their suicidal resentment to such a degree? Duke of
Wellington “ cet neronsile for the consequences of their it revenge,
them to seek a moment tion at the expense of dgvolving: mselves in
his espe ee a Bete enti ition long. come tneniary efor ha el f was on
the point of ting rg rought forward by Brougham, — ‘the Duke could
not ly put off, more than a week or two, te tae eye nen oh ig
sprelind paps to which we have already adverted, | PP 2
The text on this page is estimated to be only 19.93%
accurate