Legacies

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Legacies

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.
home was like a visiting angel. Southern papers were in camp every
week. A tolerable correct idea of what was going on in the outside
world, political and military, was sifted from these papers, aided by
information obtained from Confederate officers.

To kill time the prisoners occupied themselves in repairs and

improvements on quarters for business, and visits to brother officers,
singing and dancing, for recreation. A violin, purchased by
subscription for one hundred and ten dollars Confederate money,
Captain May, 23d Conn., as violinist, and a banjo made in camp and
played by Engineer R. W. Mars, of the gunboat Diana, accompanied
by a flute manipulated by Captain Thomason, 176th N. Y., and a fife
by E. J. Collins, made a select orchestra to furnish appropriate music
for the dances. Gardens were started early in February, when corn,
mustard, lettuce, watermelons, squashes, onions and cotton was
planted. Corn and onions showed above ground early in March. A
system of barter and exchange in various articles was carried on
among the prisoners, affording a means to keep their wits at work if
no money was made out of the transactions. A newspaper was
published, The Old Flag, edited and printed by Captain May, the
printing done with a pen. Editions were issued February 17th, March
1st and 13th, that afforded great interest to the camp. Only one
copy was issued of each number, to be passed around, read and
returned to the captain. It has yet to be recorded at what post,
where Confederate prisoners were confined, did they show so much
versatility in amusing themselves as was shown by Federal prisoners
in all parts of the South.

The birthday of Washington, February 22d, was duly celebrated. All

expenses were met by a subscription among the officers in
confinement. Lieutenant-Colonel J. B. Leake, 20th Iowa, delivered an
oration, followed by an original poem, written in camp by
Lieutenant-Colonel Duganne. In the afternoon an election was held
for Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, and Inspector of Insane Asylums
of Camp Ford, to carry on a species of fun concocted at the expense
of half-witted Sam Morton, a Kansas soldier. Sam was elected
Governor, and then taken in a chair through the camp with great
eclat. Fine singing by a glee club and a grand ball in the evening
closed the celebration.

Pending the result of efforts constantly made to obtain a parole or

exchange, attempts to escape were made at various times. Two
officers of the 26th Indiana, Lieutenants Greene and Switzer, were
missed at roll-call January 12th, and a pursuit made. The escape of
these two officers, some two weeks before this, was known to a few
comrades, who concealed their absence from roll-calls by answering
for them. At last it was decided to let their escape become known.
At roll-call their names were not answered, when a Confederate
officer innocently asked: “Does any one know where Greene and
Switzer are?” An answer was given, with a laugh, “Guess they have
gone for a pair of shoes.” The two officers were afterwards heard
from as having arrived in New Orleans after a walk of some three
hundred miles, done in a month and two days. They gave
newspaper men, for publication, a detailed account of their tramp,
with names of parties who had helped them along. This published
account came into Confederate hands, and was used as an excuse
for persecuting those Union friends.

On a rainy night, March 24th, Colonel Rose and fourteen other

officers escaped early in the evening, by sliding aside a stockade
post. From a neglect to replace the post discovery of the escape
soon followed, and an alarm at once sounded. Mounted men, with
bloodhounds, were immediately on their track. Four men were
brought back next day, recaptured after they had walked twenty
miles, and nine more were retaken on the twenty-seventh. One man
succeeded in making good his bold dash for liberty. This attempt to
escape was contemplated for some time; those in the plot secretly
prepared parched meal and dry beef to carry for food. Another
attempt was in progress, suggested by reading in a paper of an
escape by officers from Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., by the tunnel
process. From the 42d cabin, it was calculated a tunnel fifty feet
long would carry them outside of the stockade. It was a double
cabin, one-half occupied by Captain May’s mess, also the editor’s
sanctum of the Old Flag. A commencement was made March 21st,
the earth taken out secreted underneath bunks and carried outside
when an opportunity offered; the opening was covered by a bunk
when work was suspended. Men in this plot had worked a hole
twenty-one feet under ground March 24th, when the original
stockade line was removed to enlarge the camp, and an order was
received by Colonel Allen, the commandant, to shoot at sight any
prisoner caught in attempting escape. These two facts caused the
attempt to be abandoned.

Colonel Allen was an old engineer officer in the United States Army,
and like all regular army officers disposed to treat his prisoners as
men. This disposition to do all in his power to ameliorate their
sufferings probably caused his removal May 27th, a Colonel
Anderson assuming command of the post. The policy pursued by
Anderson, or rather a drunken lieutenant-colonel under him who
took charge of all matters appertaining to the prisoners, was in an
opposite direction.

Camp Ford was blessed with good water and situated upon high
ground, an improvement over Camp Groce. Yet the stockade interior
was filthy, without any system of sinks or police of grounds. This was
the fault of the prisoners, a lazy, careless, motley crowd, not
disposed to take hold of such work. Colonel Allen left such matters
to those inside the stockade. Officers who saw the necessity of a
system in hygienic matters soon gave up in disgust the attempt to
force an organization for this purpose. As is usual in such a collection
of men, refusing to recognize any superior authority except their
guards, it was each man for himself and the devil take the hindmost.

Among the imprisoned officers were several lieutenant-colonels and

majors. Colonel Burrell was one of the three officers of his rank. As a
matter of pride, to uphold the dignity of his commission, what many
officers signally failed to do, Colonel Burrell was always scrupulously
polite to Colonel Allen, never visited him except in full uniform,
transacting all business with that officer in a business manner, and
so gained his esteem and regard. Burrell maintained that the rules in
force should be respected and obeyed—he would insist on their
obeyance were he in command of such a camp—and by maintaining
dignified relations with the commandant was enabled several times
to secure a rescission of harsh orders issued by Colonel Allen, in
consequence of foolish speeches and acts done by brainless fools in
the stockade.

No medicines, no special accommodations nor post surgeon were

provided at Camp Ford. Surgeons Sherfy, 1st Indiana, and Hershy, U.
S. Colored Volunteers, did all in their power for the sick, and that
could not be much. An old surgeon in the Confederate service,
formerly of the U. S. regulars, would occasionally visit the stockade
and render some service. To him Colonel Burrell owes his life, when
threatened with an attack of typhoid fever.

The commandant’s wife, Mrs. Allen, was a visitor to the officers’

quarters at various times, frequently accompanied by other ladies.
The good impression this lady made by her visits resulted in a poem,
written by Lieutenant-Colonel Duganne, published in The Old Flag,
issue No. 3, March 18th, 1864.

The arrival of captured prisoners to increase the inhabitants of this

stockade town, taken from various soldiers’ diaries, were: January
22d—Captains Coulter and Torrey, 20th Iowa, captured at Arkansas
Bay, Texas, December 19th, 1863. March 5th—Six enlisted men
captured at Powder Horn, January 22d. March 30th—Between six
and seven hundred prisoners arrived from Shreveport, where they
were awaiting exchange. They were a hard-looking lot of human
beings, many without shirts or shoes, with trousers torn, ragged, or
hanging in shreds. Among them were Privates Morrill,
O’Shaughnessy and McLaughlin, of the 42d. They left Shreveport
March 26th. Frank Veazie was sick in a Shreveport hospital. He died
the following May.
About sixteen hundred prisoners, captured at Pleasant Hill, La.,
arrived April 16th, 17th, 18th and 20th. To accommodate these
hungry men all hands had to keep their cooking apparatus at work
on corn meal until they were fed. The appearance these prisoners
made could not have been equalled in Falstaff’s time. Confederate
soldiers robbed them of clothing, sometimes with threats of violence
if property wanted by these greedy men was not handed over for
the asking. The prisoners did not seem to mind it, and laughingly
said they would square accounts whenever the Confederates fell into
their hands as prisoners of war. They thought it rather rough to be
placed in a pen like a flock of sheep, without food or shelter. Still,
nothing better could be expected, because the Confederates had no
other safe place to guard their prisoners. When arrangements could
be completed, they were made as comfortable as the limited means
at hand would allow.

During May about eighteen hundred prisoners came in, thirteen

hundred captured in Arkansas; June 6th, one hundred; and July 6th,
another batch of one hundred and eighty prisoners from Banks’
army were brought in. The old prisoners commenced to think, from
the continued arrivals of officers and men of the 19th Army Corps,
perhaps the entire corps would eventually be captured.

Through May, June, and up to July 9th, it cannot be said the death
rate was large, received as the men were in all conditions of health
and sickness. Six privates died in May, and one was killed by a
sentry; five died in June; five died July 1st.

With the prisoners were Chaplains Robb, 46th Indiana Vols., Hare, —
th Iowa Vols., and McCulloch, 19th Kentucky Vols., who labored hard
among the men to excite a religious sentiment, holding frequent
prayer meetings, and administered the rites of baptism to several,
among them Lieutenant Brown P. Stowell, 42d Mass., on May 22d.
These religious services met with the approval of Colonel Allen, who
was a devout Free Will Baptist.
Some talk was made about overpowering the guard, nearly one
thousand men, composed of poor material. An insurmountable
difficulty was to provide a store of food, for use when free, and a
sufficient supply of arms and ammunition, for they were nearly three
hundred miles from any safe place. Nothing was done, as it was
useless to try it. Next to parole or exchange the idea of escape
occupied the most attention. Naturally officers in command of
guards were always on the lookout for anything tending towards
preparations in that direction. In February about one hundred
officers were drilled in the sabre exercise by Major Anthony, 2d R. I.
Cavalry, for instruction and pleasure, using sticks in lieu of swords,
but the post-commander summarily put a stop to it within a few
days after these drills commenced.

Attempts to escape commenced again with fresh arrivals; five men

got away at night June 9th, to be recaptured and returned next day.
Several officers succeeded in making a break for freedom at night,
July 2d, but were discovered and fired on by the guard. Nearly all of
them were recaptured next day. Captain Reed, Missouri Vols., was
made to stand bare-headed upon a stump near the guard-house for
several hours in the hot sun, as punishment for his attempted
escape.

Early in June rumors of parole and exchange again began to be

circulated within the stockade. Confederate officers from Shreveport
visited the prison camp more frequently than they had heretofore
done, to make out lists and rolls of prisoners and time of capture.
News brought by Colonel Allen and the tenor of letters received from
surgeons, gone forward for exchange, raised a hope within the
breasts of those long confined that there would not be a
disappointment this time. When the chaplains, surgeons, and
citizens not connected with the army, were paroled and started for
Shreveport June 19th, hope grew into certainty. On the fifth of July,
after what was termed a glorious Fourth-of-July celebration, the
joyful news was brought in the stockade, by Colonel Burrell, that a
paroling officer had arrived, and their day of deliverance was at
hand.

Through this captivity letters from home came at long intervals, with
news they were anxious to receive. Dates when letters were
received by the 42d officers are as follows: March 12th, July 29th
and August 26th, 1863; March 18th, June 10th, 13th and 23d, 1864.
Letters received June 10th were for Captain Savage and Lieutenant
Newcomb, dated February 28th and March 4th. Captain Proctor had
letters from his father and wife dated May 12th and 23d, 1863, over
a year old, as they were not delivered to him until June 13th, 1864.
After men arrived from Banks’ army, men who belonged in Boston
and vicinity made themselves known to Colonel Burrell and brother
officers, some of whom had within a few months arrived from home
and could give them tolerably late news from that section.

Clothing was furnished once by Confederate officers, at Hempstead,

October 17th, 1863; from that time onward what the prisoners wore
had to stand the wear and tear of time and use. Previous to July, in
anticipation another winter would not be passed as prisoners,
whoever had overcoats and extra clothing sold the garments for high
prices in Confederate money, and thus obtained means to purchase
extra supplies for their messes.

One thing should not be forgotten in connection with this long,

tedious imprisonment: the love of country existing in every manly
heart, despite his feeling at times the Government did neglect him.
This patriotism was not the kind flaunted before audiences by
spread-eagle political orators, all froth and no substance, but an
honest, earnest, deep-seated love, ready to suffer for her cause at
all times, resenting any flings or insults to its flag, giving voice to
sentiments within them by singing national songs and celebrations of
important days in her history.

July 7th and 8th were devoted to baking hard bread, for use on the
march, and at last the prisoners, who were up at three o’clock in the
morning preparing breakfast and getting their few “traps” ready, left
the stockade to march for Shreveport, homeward bound. There were
nine hundred and thirty officers and men, divided into one column of
officers and two columns of enlisted men, with a kind and
considerate Confederate cavalry guard, commanded by Major Smith
and Captain Tucker. Guard and prisoners fared alike in food and slept
in the open air at night: tents were not carried with them. Extreme
hot weather prevailed, yet the prisoners managed to cover a
respectable number of miles each day, crossing the Sabine River on
the first day and sleeping upon its banks at night, with a record of
twenty-one miles. The marching column reached Shreveport about
noon on the thirteenth, without the loss of a man by death, having
made nineteen miles July 10th, twenty-three miles on the eleventh,
twenty-four miles on the twelfth, and sixteen miles on the thirteenth.
Sick and worn-out men were sent by the Marshall and Shreveport
Railroad on the twelfth, and this railroad also transported a portion
of the prisoners on the thirteenth. About twenty officers hired a six-
mule team for five hundred Confederate dollars, to carry them on
the last day’s journey, and rode into camp in great style. Each
morning the men were up between three and four o’clock,
commenced the march within an hour after, plodding steadily along
until eleven, when a rest was taken until two o’clock, then the march
again resumed until evening.

At Mugginsville, one mile from Shreveport, the prisoners remained

until July 16th, when they were sent on board steamers Osceola,
General Hodges and B. L. Hodge, bound for Alexandria, where they
arrived at dusk July 18th, above the dam built by Federals to save
their naval vessels in April and May, 1864, and were disembarked to
camp in woods by the river side until the twenty-first, when
steamers were ready below the dam to carry them on to the
journey’s end. Three men died July 18th, and were buried near a
spot upon the banks where lay the remains of several Federal
sailors.
All hands were up at daylight July 21st. At seven o’clock they
marched two miles to Alexandria, crossed Red River on a pontoon
bridge and embarked upon steamers Champion No. 3 and Relf,
bound for the mouth of Red River. An extract from a diary, kept by
an officer of the 42d Mass., is here given:

“July 22d, 1864—We started about noon yesterday, and ran all night;
arrived at the mouth of Red River as the sun was about one and
one-half hours high, and were brought to a stop by a shot from one
of our gunboats on blockading service. None of our transports were
there, and we began to have some misgivings. All eyes were turned
down the Mississippi, with anxiety depicted on many faces. About
one o’clock smoke was seen coming up river, indicating a river
steamer was on her way, and the prisoners began to cheer. Soon,
sure enough, there was our flag flying within hailing distance, but
we are still prisoners; perhaps no exchange after all, but be turned
back to the tender care of “Johnny Reb” again. But no, it proves to
be the Nebraska with rebel prisoners on board. We landed and went
aboard the Nebraska as soon as we could, and gave six rousing
cheers for the ‘Old Flag.’ Stop and look at the comparison of the two
squads of prisoners. Those coming from our lines for the
Confederacy are loaded down with clothing, boots and trunks. Our
men are bare-footed, shirtless and hatless; but I thank God I am
once more a free man. None but those that have been placed in like
circumstances can appreciate the change. We were given a feast on
the Nebraska. We had plenty of coffee, real ‘Lincoln’ coffee, no
parched rye; and butter! real butter, and bakers’ bread! Well! I have
had some good dinners before and since then, but that feast took
the cake. Good-by to corn-dodger and bull-beef. It all seemed like a
dream. The boys were up until about three o’clock next morning,
singing and enjoying themselves.”

The exchanged officers of the 42d Regiment arrived in New Orleans

at midnight July 23d, where they remained until the thirty-first,
receiving two months’ pay from a paymaster to meet their
immediate wants. None of the officers got back their swords they
were entitled to retain by the terms of surrender. The swords were
taken from them by a provost-marshal at Houston, properly marked
with each man’s name, with an understanding they would be given
up when each officer was paroled or exchanged. It is needless to
say they were soon appropriated by any Confederate officer who
was in need of one.

Taking passage upon the steamer Matanzas, July 31st, bound for
New York, after a pleasant run of seven days they were once more
within easy communication with families and friends, who met them
on arrival in Boston, August 9th, via the Fall River route from New
York. All were in tolerable fair health except Lieutenant Stowell, who
was in bad condition, and Lieutenant Cowdin, sick with chronic
diarrhœa. An escort in waiting, with music, consisting of past and
present officers and men of the 42d Regiment and the Boston
Independent Fusileers, escorted their guests to the American House,
where breakfast was served and a cordial welcome tendered by His
Honor Mayor Lincoln and the military committee of the City
Government.

Governor Andrew could not be present, and sent the following letter:

“Commonwealth of Massachusetts,
“Executive Department,
“Boston, August 9th, 1864.

“Colonel W. W. Clapp, Jr., &c., &c.:

“My dear Colonel,—I have this moment received your note of

invitation to attend the breakfast at ten o’clock this morning, given in
welcome of Colonel Burrell and his associates. The long captivity of
those brave and patriotic men has earned for them every
consideration, even if their qualities as soldiers had been less
conspicuous than they are. In all respects, however, deserving
gratitude and honor, and deserving all the sympathy of true and
manly hearts for what they have suffered in our common cause, I
shall, though absent in person, unite in heart with your expressions
of grateful applause and welcome for these honored guests. My
return to headquarters yesterday, after a valuable work of service
elsewhere, leaves me, for the present, not an hour which during the
daytime I can withdraw from the accumulated work which brooks no
delay.

“I am faithfully your friend and servant,

“JOHN A. ANDREW.”

With repeated disasters attending expeditions to Western Louisiana

and Texas, that are a part of history, and failures attending every
attempt to permanently occupy such territory, the following remarks
at this breakfast, made by Colonel Burrell, are not without reason.
He said: “I hardly know what to say. I thank your Honor for your
kind expression of welcome. We have suffered long, but I do not
know as we have done more than our duty. I can hardly be expected
to make a speech, for I have been living a half-civilized life among
half-civilized people for nearly the last two years. I know our friends
at home were doing all in their power to obtain our release, but fate
has seemed to be always against us. For my soldiers and officers I
can say that they have behaved with courage and cheerfulness; their
fortitude has been worthy of men of Massachusetts. They have
behaved with credit to their state and to their country. I come home
prouder than ever of my native city. As soon as we are somewhat
recovered from our fatigues and sufferings, we will be ready to put
on the harness and return to the field again.

“I have enjoyed much opportunity of communication with men from

all parts of the Southern Confederacy, and I believe that you
entertain an erroneous opinion of them. You believe that there exists
among the masses an extended Union sentiment. It is not so. They
go into this war with all their heart and soul. The little Union feeling
among the class of poor whites amounts to nothing. They are
opposed to us, man, woman and child. They are fighting with the
spirit of ’76, for their rights, homes, liberties. They put up with every
privation to sustain their army—and every man is in the army. The
quicker we understand this the better for us. I do not think we shall
accomplish much until we take hold of the work in earnest.

“In the section where I have been the enemy is three times stronger
than they were two years ago. Now an army of 40,000 men cannot
penetrate the country one hundred miles. They have an army of
40,000 men. They carry no equipage—they sling their blankets with
a bit of cotton rope, and are all ready for an expedition. We must
take our blankets on our shoulders—we cannot fight with army
trains. I repeat, in order to carry on this war to a successful
termination, we must fight them on their own ground and fight them
in earnest.”

After this breakfast Colonel Burrell and his officers were escorted to
Roxbury by the Roxbury Artillery Association, where another
reception was given them by their townspeople.

August 10th the officers met at the Parker House, proceeded to the
State House and reported to Adjutant-General Schouler, then to
Major Clarke, U. S. Army, to receive their final pay, then to Major
McCafferty, U. S. mustering-officer, and were mustered out of
service, after being in “Uncle Sam’s” employ about twenty-one
months—eighteen months and twenty-one days of the time as
prisoners of war.
 CHAPTER XIX.

In Service for One Hundred Days—Organization—Readville—

Off for Washington—At Alexandria—At Great Falls—Return

Home.

A scare existed in Washington, caused by Confederate operations

under General Jubal Early, who threatened an invasion of
Pennsylvania in order to mask a contemplated dash on Baltimore
and Washington.19

19 Governor Andrew was in Washington at the time, and

telegraphed his adjutant-general (received July 5th) as follows:
“I have arranged with the Secretary of War that men who
volunteer for one hundred days’ service, as requested by him
to-day, shall be exempted from any draft that may be ordered
during such hundred days’ service, not from any future draft,
but only from such as may be ordered during the term of
hundred days for which they are asked. I direct you, at request
of Secretary, to issue an order calling for four thousand one-
hundred-days’ infantry, on the terms above mentioned. The
details in connection with the project will not differ materially,
otherwise, from those heretofore prescribed in like cases. I shall
have another consultation to-morrow. Have sent home Peirce
 to-night.” General Orders No. 24, calling for five thousand
hundred-day men, was issued July 6th, 1864, by Adjutant-
General Schouler.

Adjutant-General Schouler casually informed Adjutant Davis, whom

he met on the street, a call had been received from Washington to
send troops immediately for one hundred days’ service. The adjutant
had kept up a correspondence with all of the old line officers, for an
ultimate purpose of again calling the regiment together when
Colonel Burrell was exchanged. Davis mentioned this fact to General
Schouler, who at once advanced the idea of again going into service
and advised an attempt to do so. The old line officers were
consulted, and, as the idea was favored by a majority of them,
official orders were issued to go into camp at Readville, Mass., July
18th, 1864.

The following companies were designated to compose the regiment:

Company A, Captain Isaac Scott, of Roxbury; Company B, Captain

Benjamin C. Tinkham, of Medway; Company C, Captain Isaac B.
White, of Boston; Company D, Captain Samuel A. Waterman, of
Roxbury; Company E, Captain Augustus Ford, of Worcester;
Company F, Captain Samuel S. Eddy, of Worcester; Company G,
Captain Alanson H. Ward, of Worcester; Company H, Captain F. M.
Prouty, of Worcester; Company I, Captain James T. Stevens, of
Dorchester; Company K, Captain Benjamin R. Wales, of Dorchester.

Active measures were at once instituted to clothe, arm with Enfield

rifles, and equip these companies, to be in readiness for a quick
departure. Complete uniforms, with equipments, were issued at
Readville. Many companies went into camp several days previous to
July 18th, gaining recruits every day until ready for muster in for
service. Captain Scott failed to recruit more than thirty men. Captain
Prouty failed to recruit his company, although at one time it
promised well; from some cause his men scattered to other
companies or went home. Companies commanded by Captains
French and Stewart, already mustered into service, were assigned to
the regiment as Companies A and H.

The first regimental morning report was made up July 20th, and
showed a strength of thirty-five officers, seven hundred and thirty-
eight enlisted men, present and absent. The regiment was ready for
marching orders July 23d, with the following strength:

Officers. Enlisted Mustered in.

men.
Field and Staff, 5 3 July 22d.
Company A, 3 95 “ 14th.
“ B, 3 81 “ 22d.
“ C, 3 93 “ 14th.
“ D, 3 97 “ 20th.
“ E, 3 90 “ 22d.
“ F, 3 98 “ 15th.
“ G, 3 87 “ 21st.
“ H, 3 88 “ 16th.
“ I, 3 84 “ 19th.
“ K, 3 90 “ 18th.
Total, 35 906

The roster of the regiment was as follows:

Colonel—Isaac S. Burrell.

Lieutenant-Colonel—Joseph Stedman.

Major—Frederick G. Stiles.

Adjutant—Charles A. Davis.

Quartermaster—Alonzo I. Hodsdon.

Surgeon—Albert B. Robinson.
Sergeant-Major—Jediah P. Jordan.

Quartermaster-Sergeant—Charles E. Noyes.

Commissary-Sergeant—Augustus C. Jordan.

Hospital-Steward—Robert White, Jr.

Principal-Musician—Thomas Bowe.

Company A—Captain, Warren French; Lieutenants, Charles W. Baxter

and Joseph M. Thomas.

Company B—Captain, Benjamin C. Tinkham; Lieutenants, George W.

Ballou and George E. Fuller.

Company C—Captain, Isaac B. White; Lieutenants, Joseph

Sanderson, Jr., and David C. Smith.

Company D—Captain, Samuel A. Waterman; Lieutenants, George H.

Bates and Almon D. Hodges, Jr.

Company E—Captain, Augustus Ford; Lieutenants, James Conner

and Frank H. Cook.

Company F—Captain, Samuel S. Eddy; Lieutenants, Henry J.

Jennings and Edward I. Galvin.

Company G—Captain, Alanson H. Ward; Lieutenants, Moses A.

Aldrich and E. Lincoln Shattuck.

Company H—Captain, George M. Stewart; Lieutenants, Julius M.

Lyon and Joseph T. Spear.

Company I—Captain, James T. Stevens; Lieutenants, Edward Merrill,

Jr., and Charles A. Arnold.
Company K—Captain, Benjamin R. Wales; Lieutenants, Alfred G.
Gray and Charles P. Hawley.

Officers who resigned and did not accompany the regiment on this
second term were: Quartermaster Burrell, Surgeons Hitchcock and
Heintzelman, Chaplain Sanger, Sergeant-Major Bosson, Commissary-
Sergeant Courtney, Hospital-Steward Wood, Principal-Musician
Neuert.20 Of the thirty line officers who served during this second
term, Captains Tinkham, White, Waterman and Ford, Lieutenants
Sanderson, Ballou, Smith, Cook and Merrill were with the regiment in
1862 and 1863. Colonel Burrell arrived home, from Texas, August
9th, was mustered in for this second term August 10th, and reported
at Alexandria September 1st.
 20 Neuert was known as “Dick.” By mistake he was enlisted and
borne on the rolls as Richard A. Neuert. Young in years, he
never thought of correcting the error, and retained the name
when he reënlisted in the 11th Battery as a bugler. His right
name was Charles A. Neuert.

The Dorchester Cornet Band volunteered to enlist and become the

regimental band. The members were: Leader, Thomas Bowe;
Privates Conrad H. Gurlack, Company A; Perham Orcutt, Company B;
Horace A. Allyn, George Burleigh, William A. Cowles, John W. Capen,
Nathaniel Clark, Lewis Eddy, Edward Lovejoy, Fred. H. Macintosh,
Henry B. Sargent, Phillip Sawyer, Andrew J. Wheeler, of Company D;
Wells F. Johnson, Company H; Jesse K. Webster, Company I; William
A. Cobb and Edward H. Marshall, of Company K.

Two men deserted at Readville, viz.: Private Frederick D. Goodwin,

Company C, July 15th; Private Robert Bryden, Company D, July 22d.

The rank and file were a true representative body of Massachusetts

citizen soldiery. Three-fourths of the men were born in the State;
seventy men were foreign born. Men from a great variety of
professions and trades enlisted. About one-half of the regiment were
as follows: one hundred and seventy-six salesmen, book-keepers
and clerks; twenty-seven students; one hundred and twenty
farmers; one hundred and twenty-four journeymen boot and shoe
workmen; twenty-seven mill operatives.

The old regimental colors were received in camp July 23d, and under
orders to take transports for Washington, promptly at five o’clock
A.M., July 24th, the regiment left Readville by special train for
Boston, and marched down State Street, about half-past six o’clock,
to Battery Wharf, where Companies C, D and E, two hundred and
seventy-one men, under command of Major Stiles, embarked on
steamer Montauk. The other companies and the band, under
command of Lieutenant-Colonel Stedman, embarked on steamer
McClellan. At nine o’clock both steamers sailed for Washington, and
arrived there at noon July 28th, after a good passage, without an
important event occurring. This landing the regiment in Washington
in ten days after being ordered into camp to recruit and organize can
be called quick work.

Reporting to General Augur, commanding Department of

Washington, the regiment was sent to Brigadier-General Slough,
Military Governor of Alexandria, who ordered it into camp on
Shuter’s Hill, near Fort Ellsworth, about one mile from the city. On
the morning of July 29th, after breakfast was eaten at the Soldiers’
Rest, in Alexandria, the regiment marched to the ground assigned
and occupied log huts, built by other troops when stationed on this
hill. In Slough’s command were Battery H, Indiana Light Artillery, one
battalion First District Columbia Volunteers, the Second District
Columbia Volunteers, the Fifth Wisconsin Volunteers, the Twelfth
Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps and the Forty-Second
Massachusetts Volunteers. These troops were soon organized into a
provisional-brigade and attached to the Twenty-Second Army Corps.

Details for guards and for provost duty were immediately ordered by
General Slough, as follows: July 29th—Two officers and one hundred
and fifteen men for provost duty. July 31st—Eighteen men every day
for patrol duty in Alexandria; thirty-one men to relieve a detachment
Veteran Reserve Corps at Sickel’s Barracks Hospital. July 30th—
Lieutenants Sanderson, Company C, and Spear, Company H, were
detached for duty at headquarters provost-marshal-general,
Defences South of Potomac.

At the close of July there was present for duty thirty-two officers and
eight hundred and seventy-three men; twenty-eight men sick; three
officers and six men absent.

During August the officers and men were kept busy at drill, on
guard, provost and patrol duty, which inured them to endure fatigue
and become acquainted with the tedious side of a soldier’s life.
Train-guards were furnished for trains on the Orange and Alexandria
Railroad, to protect working and construction parties in constant
danger of attacks from guerrillas and obstructions placed upon the
track to delay trains; at Fairfax Station, August 15th, the enemy
greased the rails, and a train could not proceed—the enemy
decamped, not waiting for the train-guard to get a blow at them.
Details were sent to Burke’s Station and other places for logs, used
to build additional huts for the men. What duty was done in August
is shown by the following details, ordered by General Slough:

August 2d—One hundred and thirteen men detailed each day for
grand-guard line.

August 6th—Two officers and one hundred and fifty-seven men

relieved the Twelfth Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, in Alexandria;
next day this detachment was relieved by the Second Regiment
District Columbia Volunteers.

August 7th—A regimental camp guard of fifty men was established.

August 7th—Seventy-five men for train-guards to Fairfax Station,

detailed each day until the twenty-third.

August 4th—Seventeen men were detached for permanent duty on

the military police in Alexandria.

August 28th—Seventy-five men were detached for duty as hospital

attendants in the general hospitals in Alexandria. The hospitals were
full of patients.

Details for August were:

4th—Sergeant Alfred Davenport, Company K, clerk at headquarters

Department Washington, Twenty-Second Army Corps. Relieved
October 29th.
For duty at general court-martial rooms in Alexandria: 1st—Private
George S. Partridge, Company B, orderly. 3d—Corporal Thomas J.
Rooney, Company B, clerk. 4th—Corporal Edwin H. Holbrook,
Company B, clerk.—Private Alfred Noon, Company H, orderly.—
Private Richard M. Sabin, Company G, orderly. 9th—Private Ellery C.
Bartlett, Company K, clerk. 13th—Private J. H. S. Pearson, Company
C, clerk.

On detached service at headquarters provost-marshal-general: 1st—

Private H. W. Tolman, Company A, orderly. 2d—Private William S.
French, Company F, orderly.—Private Alvin S. Pratt, Company F,
orderly. 10th—Private Jno. R. Graham, Company A, orderly. 24th—
Private William G. Kidder, Company C, clerk.—Corporal George
Dunbar, Company D, clerk.

On detached service at headquarters military governor: 4th—Private

Herbert W. Hitchcock, Company H, orderly. 5th—Private Fred. S.
Dickinson, Company G, orderly. 11th—Private Hiram E. Smith,
Company H, clerk. 13th—Private J. Clark Reed, Company C, clerk.—
Private Thomas J. McKay, Company F, clerk.

The officers on detached service were: 2d—Lieutenant Shattuck,

Company G, on permanent duty with city patrol in Alexandria. 9th—
Lieutenant Hodges, Company D, on permanent duty at headquarters
provost-marshal-general. 10th—Lieutenant Thomas, Company A, on
permanent duty in command of guard at Hunting Creek Bridge
block-house, under the orders of provost-marshal-general. 12th—
Lieutenant Ballou, Company B, was detailed for permanent duty with
the military police of Alexandria, to relieve Lieutenant Shattuck, who
was not active and experienced enough to suit General Slough.

The officers detailed for general court-martial duty were: Captains

Tinkham, Waterman, Ford and Ward, from July 31st; Major Stiles,
Lieutenants Baxter and Jennings, from August 6th.