Chapter 1 Ethical Hacking Overview
Describe the role of an ethical hacker
Describe what you can do legally as an ethical hacker Describe what you cannot do as an ethical hacker
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Ethical hackers
Employed by companies to perform penetration tests
Penetration test
Legal attempt to break into a companys network to find
its weakest link
Tester only reports findings, does not solve problems
Security test
More than an attempt to break in; also includes analyzing
companys security policy and procedures
Tester offers solutions to secure or protect the network
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Hackers
Access computer system or network without authorization Breaks the law; can go to prison
Crackers
Break into systems to steal or destroy data
U.S. Department of Justice calls both hackers
Ethical hacker
Performs most of the same activities but with owners
permission
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Script kiddies or packet monkeys
Young inexperienced hackers Copy codes and techniques from knowledgeable hackers
Experienced penetration testers write programs or scripts using these languages
Practical Extraction and Report Language (Perl), C, C++,
Python, JavaScript, Visual Basic, SQL, and many others
Script
Set of instructions that runs in sequence
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This class alone wont make you a hacker, or an expert
It might make you a script kiddie
It usually takes years of study and experience to earn respect in the hacker community Its a hobby, a lifestyle, and an attitude
A drive to figure out how things work
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Tiger box
Collection of OSs and hacking tools
Usually on a laptop
Helps penetration testers and security testers
conduct vulnerabilities assessments and attacks
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White box model
Tester is told everything about the network
topology and technology
Network diagram
Tester is authorized to interview IT personnel and
company employees
Makes testers job a little easier
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From ratemynetworkdiagram.com (Link Ch 1g)
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Black box model
Company staff does not know about the test
Tester is not given details about the network
Burden is on the tester to find these details
Tests if security personnel are able to detect an
attack
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Gray box model
Hybrid of the white and black box models Company gives tester partial information
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Certification programs available in almost every area of network security
Basics:
CompTIA Security+ (CNIT 120) Network+ (CNIT 106 or 201)
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CNIT is a Prometric Vue testing center
Certification tests are given in S214 CompTIA and Microsoft The next tests will be in the second week of April,
right after Spring Break
Email sbowne@ccsf.edu if you want to take a test
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Is it good?
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Designated by the Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM)
Uses the Open Source Security Testing
Methodology Manual (OSSTMM)
Test is only offered in Connecticut and outside the
USA, as far as I can tell
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Issued by the International Information Systems Security Certifications Consortium (ISC2) Usually more concerned with policies and procedures than technical details Web site
www.isc2.org
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SysAdmin, Audit, Network, Security (SANS)
Offers certifications through Global Information Assurance Certification (GIAC)
Top 20 list
One of the most popular SANS Institute documents Details the most common network exploits Suggests ways of correcting vulnerabilities
Web site
www.sans.org
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Laws involving technology change as rapidly as technology itself
Find what is legal for you locally
Laws change from place to place
Be aware of what is allowed and what is not allowed
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Tools on your computer might be illegal to possess Contact local law enforcement agencies before installing hacking tools
Written words are open to interpretation Governments are getting more serious about punishment for cybercrimes
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Some states deem it legal Not always the case Federal Government does not see it as a violation
Allows each state to address it separately
Read your ISPs Acceptable Use Policy
IRC bots may be forbidden
Program that sends automatic responses to users
Gives the appearance of a person being present
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www.ccsf.edu/Policy/policy.shtml (link Ch 1k)
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Federal computer crime laws are getting more specific
Cover cybercrimes and intellectual property issues
Computer Hacking and Intellectual Property (CHIP)
New government branch to address cybercrimes
and intellectual property issues
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Accessing a computer without permission is illegal Other illegal actions
Installing worms or viruses
Denial of Service attacks
Denying users access to network resources
Be careful your actions do not prevent customers from doing their jobs
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Ch 1l1: Lycos starts anti-spam screensaver plan: Dec 2, 2004 Ch 1l2: Lycos Pulls Anti-Spam 'Vigilante' Campaign -- Dec 3, 2004 Ch 1l3: Lycos's Spam Attack Network Dismantled -- Spammers sent the DOS packets back to Lycos -- Dec 6, 2004
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Ch 1m: Blue Frog begins its "vigilante approach" to fight spam -- July, 2005 Ch 1n: Russian spammer fights back, claims to have stolen Blue Frog's database, sends threating email -- DOS attack in progress -May 2, 2006 Ch 1o: Blue Frog compromised and destroyed by attacks, urgent instructions to uninstall it, the owners have lost control -May 17, 2006
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Ch 1p: Call for help creating distributed, open-source Blue Frog replacement -- May 17, 2006
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Using a contract is just good business
Contracts may be useful in court Books on working as an independent contractor
The Computer Consultants Guide by Janet Ruhl Getting Started in Computer Consulting by Peter Meyer
Internet can also be a useful resource Have an attorney read over your contract before sending or signing it
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What it takes to be a security tester
Knowledge of network and computer technology Ability to communicate with management and IT
personnel
Understanding of the laws
Ability to use necessary tools
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