ed 206

Lesson 1: Understanding Globalization & Its Impact on

Education
Meaning of Globalization

• Process of increasing interconnectedness across the globe.

• Involves economic, political, social, cultural, and technological exchanges.
• Makes the world feel “smaller” due to faster communication and travel.
• Not totally new – linked to colonization and modernization.
• Became prominent in the mid-1980s with the rise of capitalism and IT.

Dimensions/Aspects of Globalization

1. Industrial – worldwide production & access to goods.

2. Financial – global financial markets, external financing.
3. Economic – free trade & global markets.
4. Political – international organizations regulating relationships.
5. Informational – increased info flows (internet, satellites).
6. Cultural – sharing of values, ideas, customs across borders.

Positive Effects

• Access to innovations (science, medicine, technology).

• Strengthens human rights & democracy.
• Promotes global governance & cooperation.
• Encourages cultural exchange & awareness.

Negative Effects

• Unemployment (small industries can’t compete).

• Cultural loss and rise of cultural nationalism.
• Widening inequality between rich & poor.
• Environmental issues (deforestation, global warming).
• Ethnic & religious conflicts due to identity struggles.

Impact on Education

Positive:

• Encourages global education and multicultural awareness.

 • Prepares students for multinational leadership roles.
• Promotes teamwork, critical thinking, and knowledge-sharing.
• Breaks barriers of time & space with ICT.
• Expands scientific & technological training.

Negative:

• Creates digital divide (gap between rich and poor nations).

• Risk of neo-colonialism in education by advanced countries.

Lesson 2: Multicultural Literacy

What is Multicultural Education?

• Teaching that incorporates histories, values, beliefs, and perspectives of diverse

cultural groups.
• Aims for equity in education and removal of cultural barriers.
• Recognizes that learning styles are influenced by culture.

James Banks’ 5 Dimensions of Multicultural Education

1. Content Integration – use diverse cultural examples in lessons.

2. Knowledge Construction – awareness of how knowledge is shaped by cultural
perspectives.
3. Prejudice Reduction – help students develop positive, democratic racial attitudes.
4. Equity Pedagogy – adapt teaching to help diverse learners succeed.
5. Empowering School Culture – restructure schools for fairness & equality.

Goals of Multicultural Education

• Promote civic good & social justice.

• Increase self-esteem of marginalized students.
• Preserve minority cultures.
• Prepare students for success in a multicultural world.

Multicultural Literacy

• Goes beyond basic literacy (reading/writing/math).

• Involves ability to:
o Recognize biases in knowledge.
o View knowledge from multiple cultural perspectives.
o Use knowledge to promote justice and democracy.
• Inspired by Paulo Freire’s “reading the word and the world.”
UNIT 3

Lesson 1: Nature and Competencies of Social and Emotional Literacy

Key Concepts

Social Literacy
• Also called social intelligence.
• Ability to build, maintain, and navigate relationships in any social
environment.
• Involves expressing emotions properly and connecting effectively with
peers, family, coworkers, etc.

Emotional Literacy
• Recognize, understand, and express emotions appropriately.
• Involves self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, and communication
of feelings.
• Differs from emotional intelligence:
• Emotional literacy = understanding & using emotional
information.
• Emotional intelligence = managing emotions well in self and
relationships.

Social Emotional Learning (SEL)

• Process of understanding and managing emotions, achieving goals,
showing empathy, maintaining relationships, and making responsible
decisions.

Five Core Competencies (CASEL, 2003):

1. Self-Awareness – knowing emotions, strengths, limits.
2. Self-Management – controlling behavior, persevering.
3. Social Awareness – empathy, perspective-taking.
4. Relationship Skills – forming positive bonds, handling conflict.
5. Responsible Decision-Making – making ethical, safe, and fair
choices.
OECD’s Big Five Domains (International Perspective)
1. Conscientiousness – responsibility, persistence.
2. Emotional Stability – stress resistance, optimism.
3. Agreeableness – empathy, trust, cooperation.
4. Openness to Experience – curiosity, tolerance, creativity.
5. Extraversion – sociability, assertiveness, energy.
Lesson 2: Importance of Social and Emotional Literacy

Why Social Literacy is Important

• Helps students communicate, expand circles, and maintain relationships.
• Encourages respect and healthy expression of thoughts/emotions.

Why Emotional Literacy is Important

• Improves self-esteem and empathy.
• Supports teamwork and cooperation.
• Enhances both social and economic success.

Benefits of SEL
1. Academic success – improves grades, achievement scores (+11 percentile).
2. Fewer behavioral problems – less aggression/disruption, long-term mental
health benefits.
3. Less emotional distress – fewer cases of depression, anxiety, stress.
4. Positive social behavior – stronger relationships with peers, teachers, and
family.

Life Outcomes from the Big Five Skills

• Conscientiousness – achievement motivation, persistence, responsibility.
• Openness – curiosity, creativity, tolerance → higher grades.
• Extraversion – leadership, sociability → predicts leadership success.
• Agreeableness – empathy, cooperation, trust → better relationships but may
earn less due to career choices.
• Emotional Stability – optimism, stress resistance, emotional control →
better well-being, fewer absences.
• Compound Skills: self-efficacy, metacognition, critical thinking, self-esteem
→ combine multiple strengths for life/work success.

Lesson 3 – Social-Emotional Teaching Strategies

Meaning / Key Idea:

• Social-emotional teaching strategies are methods teachers use to help
students develop skills in self-awareness, self-management, social awareness,
relationship-building, and responsible decision-making.
• These strategies prepare learners to be confident, cooperative, empathetic,
and resilient in school and in life.
 • Without them, kids may struggle with emotions, relationships, and problem-
solving.

Why Do We Use These Strategies?

• To help kids build confidence.
• To understand their strengths and weaknesses.
• To manage emotions and behaviors better.
• To improve communication and teamwork.
• To prepare students for challenges beyond school.

Examples of Strategies (with short meaning):

1. Journal Writing – helps kids reflect on emotions and experiences.
2. Perspective-Taking – using stories to understand others’ feelings.
3. Art Activities – expressing emotions through drawing/painting.
4. Class Meetings – building community and solving problems.
5. Managing Emotions Talk – teaching kids how to handle feelings.
6. Giving Responsibilities – making students feel valued and capable.
7. Problem-Solving Practice – encouraging independent solutions.
8. Teamwork Projects – learning cooperation and leadership.
9. Positive Self-Talk – building self-esteem with encouraging thoughts.
10. Celebrating Diversity – promoting tolerance and inclusion.
11. Mindfulness/Calm Down Areas – helping kids relax and refocus.
12. Growth Mindset Activities – teaching that effort improves ability.
13. Kindness and Empathy Activities – encouraging caring behavior.
14. Games, Check-ins, SMART Goals – fun ways to practice SEL skills.

UNIT 4

Introduction
• Ecoliteracy = the ability to understand natural systems that make life possible.
• To be ecoliterate:
o Know how ecological communities are organized.
o Apply ecological principles in building sustainable human communities.
• Focus of the unit:
1. Introductory knowledge on ecoliteracy.
2. Connection of ecoliteracy with social & emotional skills.
3. Ways to develop ecoliteracy.

Lesson 1: Ecoliteracy and Its Core Aspects

Definition

• Term introduced by David W. Orr (educator) & Fritjof Capra (physicist) in the 1990s.
• A way of thinking about the world in terms of interdependent natural & human
systems.
• Helps address environmental issues and build a sustainable society.

Core Aspects of Ecoliteracy

1. Principles of Living Systems

o Living systems = open, self-organizing, interacting with environment.
o Examples: forests, rivers, human communities.
o Builds connected wisdom and sense of place.
2. Design Inspired by Nature
o Applying ecological principles to human communities.
o Examples: biophilia, biomimicry, ecological design.
o Focus: sustainable solutions for food, energy, shelter.
3. Systems Thinking
o Looking at connections, relationships, and patterns instead of isolated parts.
o Helps understand complex interdependence in ecology, society, economy.
o Example: studying a songbird requires knowing its environment (watershed, food
web).
4. Ecological Paradigm & Transition to Sustainability
o Shift worldview: humans are part of ecological systems, not separate.
o Sustainability = meeting present needs without harming future generations.
o Requires ecological intelligence (Daniel Goleman) + responsibility for impacts.
5. Collaboration, Community Building & Citizenship
o Sustainability is a community practice.
o Ecoliterate students = community builders, engaged citizens.
o Combining civic engagement + ecoliteracy → creates positive change leaders.

Core Competencies of Ecoliteracy (Head, Heart, Hands, Spirit)

• Head (Cognitive) → systems perspective, critical thinking, assessing human impact.

• Heart (Emotional) → empathy, respect, inclusivity, multiple perspectives.
• Hands (Active) → practical actions: ecological design, efficient resource use.
• Spirit (Connectional) → awe, reverence for nature, deep appreciation of place.

Lesson 2: Ways to Develop Ecoliteracy

Five Practices to Cultivate Ecoliteracy (Goleman, Bennett, Barlow)

1. Develop empathy for all life

o Recognize shared needs of organisms.
o Teach through direct contact with nature (plants, animals, field trips).
 o Learn from indigenous worldviews of interdependence.
2. Embrace sustainability as community practice
o Understand interconnectedness of ecosystems and human communities.
o Example: school projects on energy, waste, food systems.
o Build resilience and cooperation in communities.
3. Make the invisible visible
o Show hidden consequences of human actions (e.g., climate change impacts).
o Tools: Google Earth, sustainability apps (GoodGuide, Fooducate).
o Direct exposure: field trips, global communication.
4. Anticipate unintended consequences
o Use precautionary principle: take action even without full proof of harm.
o Apply systems thinking → mapping interconnections.
o Build resilience (e.g., diverse food systems, renewable energy).
5. Understand how nature sustains life
o Nature = teacher of survival strategies.
o Lessons: interconnectedness, nested systems, balance in resource use.
o Practice taking only what is needed + planning for future generations.