Project Id: 278312 Summer Internship Report

DRAWING PREPARATION FOR

FACTORY ACT – 1948

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted By

UTSAV DINESHBHAI SUTHAR

(200650106540)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
( CIVIL ENGINEERING )

Merchant Engineering collage, Basna,Visnagar

Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad

(2022)

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Merchant Engineering collage

Basna,Visnagar

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that project submitted along with the project entitled

Drawing Preparation For Factory Act - 1948 has been carried out by

Utsav Dineshbhai Suthar (200650106540) under the guidance in partial

fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering

7th Semester of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad during the

academic year - 2022.

Dr.(Prof) A. V. Modi Dr. (Prof.) A. M. Patel

(Internal Guide) (Head of the Department)

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Merchant Engineering collage

Basna,Visnagar

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the Internship report submitted along with the

Internship entitled “Drawing Preparation For Factory Act - 1948”

submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in

Civil Engineering to Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, is a

bonafide record of original project work carried out by me at Patel

Enterprise under the Civil Engineer of Mr. Kapil Patel & Project Head Dr.

(Prof). A.V.Modi. that no part of this report has been directly copied from

any students’ reports or taken from any other source, without providing due

reference.

Name of the Student Sign of Student

Utsav Dineshbhai Suthar

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am Utsav Suthar presenting “Drawing Preparation For Factory Act - 1948” report on

summer internship as part of the curriculum of Bachelor of Engineering I wish to express

our gratitude to our external guide Mr. Kapil Patel for continuously guiding me at the Project

and answering all my doubts with patience.

I would also like to thank my internal Guide Dr.(Prof).A.V.Modi and Dr. (Prof.) A.M.Patel,

HOD for helping me through my internship by giving me the necessary suggestion and

advice along with their valuable co-ordination in completing this internship.

I also thank the staff member of Patel Enterprise for their valuable support in completion of

the internship.

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INDEX

TITLE PAGE.....................................................................................................................1

CERTIFICATE..................................................................................................................2

DECLARATION................................................................................................................3

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................5

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................7

1.1 Background of the Company.................................................................7

CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DETAILS................................................................................8

2.1 Site Location...........................................................................................8

2.2 Plan Study...............................................................................................8
CHAPTER 3 AUTOCAD SOFTWARE........................................................................10
3.1 Introduction...........................................................................................10
3.2 What is Autocad Sofware....................................................................10
3.3 Highlight of Autocad............................................................................11
3.4 Characteristic of Autocad.....................................................................12
3.5 Application of Autocad.........................................................................13
3.6 Advantages & Disadvantages of Autocad............................................14
3.7 Basic Autocad Commands....................................................................15
3.8 Keyboard Shortcut Key.........................................................................16
3.9 Status Bar Toggle..................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4 DRAWING RULES FOR FACTORY ACT – 1948...........................21
4.1 Details required in drawing...................................................................21
4.2 Topic which should be included factory drawing...............................22
4.3 Rules for drawing..................................................................................23
CHAPTER 5 DRAWING SHEET..............................................................................24
5.1 Final drawing sheet as per factory act..................................................24
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................27
OVERALL BENEFITS OF THE INTERNSHIP......................................................27
REFERENCES...............................................................................................................28

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY:

Unjha Formulations Ltd. is a Pioneer in Isabgol (Psyllium) Formulation. We are a in service to

Isabgol (Psyllium) Ayurvedic formulation profession since last 20 Year. Incorporated as
Ayurvedic products Manufacturer & exporter to become well reputed Esteem Organization.

We take this opportunity to introduce ourselves as one of the fastest growing Isabgol (Psyllium)
Ayurvedic formulations products Manufacturer & exporter in GMP Certified plant of INDIA.
The company is manufacturing its high quality products for big Indian companys.
Our all products have shown excellent results and acceptance by the Ayurvedic profession.

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CHAPTER 2
PROJECT DETAILS

2.1 SITE LOCATION

Survey no.: 264, Ahmedabad – palanpur highway, near bhrahmanwada

Taluka: unjha, district: mehsana384151.

Fig.2.1.1 Site Location

2.2 PLAN STUDY

Fig.2.2.1 Drawing Preparation

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Fig. 2.2.2 Plan Study Drawing

Fig. 2.2.3 Plan Study Drawing

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CHAPTER – 3

AUTOCAD SOFTWARE

3.1 INTRODUCTION
AutoCAD is a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software
application.

Developed and marketed by Autodesk, AutoCAD was first released in December 1982 as a
desktop app running on microcomputers with internal graphics controllers.

3.2 WHAT IS AUTOCAD SOFTWARE?

Computer-aided design software lets you design 2-D and 3-D drawings and models,
replacing traditional pencil-and-paper drafting to create blueprints with easily altered
electronic files.

In the “AutoCAD 2009 and AutoCAD LT 2009 Bible,” Ellen Finkelstein writes that the
software’s release in 1982 marked the first time a CAD program was designed for use on
personal computers instead of mainframes.

Fig.3.1 Autocad Software Home page

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3.3 Highlights of AutoCAD

Before the invention of AutoCAD, all designing and modeling were done manually. This was a time-

consuming task and resulted in a lot of costly errors. But, with the invention of AutoCAD, the

process of modeling and designing got digitalized and simplified. A technology that has emerged as a

solution to most of the designers, engineers, and architects.

Some of the most powerful components of AutoCAD are-

 The designers and architects can create accurate models, sketches, and drawings with

AutoCAD. This is next to impossible when done manually.

 With the introduction to AutoCAD, the user can even model 3D objects with colors &

materials that can be applied to various surfaces, making it simpler for the user to anticipate

the outcome, which cannot be fulfilled in manual 3D sketches.

 Creating drawings manually is a time-consuming task. When designers create drawings on a

digital platform with computer software, they get the benefit of the application interface.

Editing is also easy with AutoCAD as it has many editing commands.

 AutoCAD is an advanced program that has default commands incorporated in the application.

With these commands, the users can edit and change their files without any limitations.

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3.4 Characteristics of AutoCAD

In the Above Section, we have learned about Introduction to AutoCAD; there are some main

characteristics that one need:

 AutoCAD is a global application. It is being used globally by product development teams,

manufacturing facilities, medical professionals, in educational institutions, by professionals

and engineers.

 3D modeling and visualization are two main important features of the program. AutoCAD

allows the modelers to create powerful 3d models, wireframes, meshes & surfaces by using

various 3D tools & commands.

 AutoCAD is a professional application that has flexibility in design changes and has an auto-

specification check feature. The mistakes in the designs or the product can be avoided and can

be re-edit as and when required.

 AutoCAD has the capability to create section planes. These section planes help in achieving

cross-sectional views of 3D objects. The users can change, select, or move the section planes

to inspect the inner details of 3D objects.

 AutoCAD helps the user to develop, modify, and design better infrastructure, deliver scalable

and feasible building assignments, supervise production finances, and foresee project results.

 Recreating and editing 2D images with their text properties can also be achieved with

AutoCAD.

 AutoCAD drawings can also be linked directly to Microsoft Excel Spreadsheets. With this

technique, formulas and data from Excel can be imported directly to AutoCAD. This feature

is an Auto-Update command.

 AutoCAD also comes with an SHF text recognition tool that helps users convert text with

SHF fonts into the text object.

 With AutoCAD, the students can even import PDF files for any project reference.

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 3D models from other CAD applications can also be imported to AutoCAD. The designers

can also work on imported online maps or locations.

3.5 Applications of AutoCAD

After learning the Introduction to AutoCAD, its components, and Characteristics of AutoCAD, we will

now learn the application of AutoCAD. Digital literacy is not just a boon to students but a skill

essential for career growth. AutoCAD is a gigantic program that delivers desired outputs and is used

in many ways.

The students can use AutoCAD for:

 AutoCAD is compatible with other applications like 3D Max. The designers can even import

or export DWG & DXG Files to the application. Also, these files can even be exported from

AutoCAD to other applications for creating more improved projects & presentations.

 3D printers use various file formats that are not supported by all the CAD software. On the

other hand, AutoCAD supports these file formats that are preferred by most of the 3D

printers.

 AutoCAD is adaptive to the CAD interface and its usage. AutoCAD allows the professionals

to check the workings of the framework within the stage of designing itself. Designers can

use this framework for projects & presentations.

 AutoCAD comprises integrated design layouts of various templates specially designed for

architectural planning and infrastructure constructions; the users can work on plans that

include creating architectural arrangements for construction purposes without having to

master the software.

 AutoCAD is not only a powerful application but also has a simpler user interface. It comes

with a lot of functions and commands that are to the point and without any confusion.

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AutoCAD is also used in the fashion industry by designers as they can design difficult shapes and

designs without any problems.

 Engineers also use AutoCAD as it incorporates easier drafting tools and helps in modeling

engineering designs, blueprints, and other components. With AutoCAD, the engineers can

design realistic models with minimum errors. AutoCAD acts as a medium to the users for

designing mechanical parts and components for their projects.

3.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of AutoCAD

After going through all the components, characteristics, and the wide Introduction to AutoCAD, we are

going to explore the advantages and disadvantages of AutoCAD:

 With AutoCAD, the users get to link their files to multiple platforms; they have the benefit of

importing and exporting all kinds of files.

 The users can even expand the base program through programming; thus, AutoCAD is a

versatile application that has standardized in computer designs.

 AutoCAD also has project managing tools that allow users to share information

simultaneously & effectively.

 The cost of the program is quite high due to its license.

 The software is a time-consuming application. It has many functions and features which

specific and to the point.

 A powerful computer with good RAM and Hard disk is required for the application to work

with processing speed.

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3.7 Basic Autocad Commands:

This is the list of some of the most basic AutoCAD commands which every
AutoCAD user should know.

These are some of the Draw and Modify commands which make the very basics of
AutoCAD and if you are just starting to learn AutoCAD then you should know all of
these basic commands.

L
It can be used for making simple lines in the drawing.

C
It is the command used for making a circle in AutoCAD.

PL
This command can be used to make a Polyline in your drawing.

REC
This command will make a rectangle in AutoCAD.

POL
This command can be used to make a polygon with minimum of 3 sides and a maximum
of 1024 sides.

ARC
As the name suggests, this command can be used to make an arc in AutoCAD.

REG
This command can be used to make a region geometry in AutoCAD.

ELLIPSE

As the name suggests, this command can be used to make an ellipse with the major and
minor axis.

CO

This command is used to copy the object(s) in AutoCAD.

ARRAY

Using this command you can make Rectangular, polar or Path array.

TR

This command is used for trimming a geometry

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This command can be used to insert an existing block or a drawing as a block in

AutoCAD.

OP

Using this command you can open options window which contains most of the
settings of AutoCAD

3.8 Keyboard Shortcut Keys

Keyboard shortcuts or hotkeys are the shortest and quickest way of activating some
of the common AutoCAD operations or commands.

In this list, I have included some of the most frequently used and useful keyboard
shortcuts

Ctrl + N

You can use this shortcut to open a new drawing tab in AutoCAD.

Ctrl + S

You can use this keyboard shortcut to save a drawing file.

Ctrl + Shift + S

You can use this keyboard shortcut to save the drawing as a new file, in short, this is
the hotkey for “save as” command.

Ctrl + 0

Clears screen to show only the drawing area and hides palettes and tabs. Press it
again to reset the default AutoCAD interface.

Ctrl + 1

Select an object and press Ctrl + 1 to open the properties palette which lists the
properties of the object. You can use this palette to modify most of the properties of
the object too You can also use the PR command to open the property palette.
Ctrl + 2

You can use it to open the design center palette which contains many AutoCAD
blocks that can be used directly in your drawing.

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Ctrl + 8

You can use this to open a quick calculator inside the AutoCAD user interface to
perform simple and complex calculations using the scientific calculator and also for
unit conversion calculations.

Ctrl + 9

You can use this keyboard shortcut to toggle the visibility of the command line. If for
some reason your command line is hidden from the drawing area, then use this
keyboard shortcut to bring it back.

Ctrl + C

Select objects from the drawing area and press Ctrl + C to copy to objects to the
clipboard.

Ctrl + V

To paste the copied objects of the clipboard into the drawing keeping their original
properties, you can use this keyboard shortcut.

Ctrl + Shift + V

To paste the copied objects as a block you can use this keyboard shortcut, the block
thus created will have a random set of characters as is name. You can use this
keyboard shortcut to make blocks quickly without going through the create block
window.

Ctrl + Z

This keyboard shortcut can be used to undo the last action in your drawing. You can
press this shortcut key multiple times to undo many actions.

Ctrl + Y

This keyboard shortcut can be used to redo the last undo action which you have
performed.
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Ctrl + Tab

You can use this keyboard shortcut to cycle through all open drawing tabs in
AutoCAD.

3.9 Status Bar Toggle

The status bar is an important feature of the AutoCAD user interface and its tools are
required quite frequently while making or editing your drawing hence they are
available on the status bar for easy access. You can activate or deactivate status bar
icons using keyboard shortcuts, and commands or by clicking on their respective
icon.

F3

One of the most important status bar toggles. This function key activates/deactivates
the object snap option, when object snap is active you will be able to snap your cursor
to some exact points in the geometry like End, center, quadrant, tangent etc. This
option allows you to make precise AutoCAD drawings.

F6

Dynamic UCS can be activated or deactivated using this function key. Using
dynamic UCS you can make geometries directly of the face or another 3D object
irrespective of the position of UCS. You can also toggle dynamic UCS using the
UCSDETECT system variable, the values of this system variable can be 1 for ON and
0 for OFF.

F7

This status bar tool will toggle the visibility of the background grid which is often
visible in your drawing area.

F8

Toggles Ortho mode on/off. When ortho mode is on you can make lines either
horizontally or vertically only.

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F9

Toggle Snap mode, when the snap mode is active AutoCAD cursor will jump to
specific points in the drawing area which is defined in snap mode.

F10

Toggles Polar tracking on/off. With polar tracking active you can make lines inclined
to any angle which is defined in the polar tracking increment angle.

F11

Toggles Object snap tracking on/off. Using this option you can track snap points of
geometries like center, midpoint, endpoint etc and make geometries with their
reference.

DYNMODE

By default, the value of this system variable is set to -3 which keeps it off you change
this system variable to 3 to make dynamic input active. Dynamic input allows you to
add information dynamically on the cursor tooltip.

ISODRAFT

Using this toggle you can activate the isometric drawing plane in AutoCAD. You can
select from Isoplane Left, Isoplane Top and Isoplane Right.

You can also toggle between different isoplanes using F5 function key. The default
value of ISODRAFT option is orthographic.

LWDISPLAY

This system variable toggles the visibility of lineweight in a drawing. The default
value of this system variable is OFF which keeps the lineweight display off you can
change its value to ON to keep lineweight visible in the drawing area.

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TRANSPARENCY DISPLAY

Just like line weight this status variable allows you to toggle the visibility of
transparency of an object. You change the value of this system variable to 1 to make
transparency visible or 0 if you want to make it invisible.

SELECTIONCYCLING

Using this system variable you can select overlapping objects very easily. When the
value of this system variable is set to 2, an overlapping icon and a menu containing a
list of overlapping objects appear and you can select the required object from this list.
If you set the value of this system variable to 1, only the overlap icon appears not the
menu. You can turn this off by changing the value of this system variable to 0.

GRAPHICSCONFIG

Using this status bar option you can open the Graphics configuration window which
is used to change settings related to the display and graphics properties of AutoCAD.
You can also use 3DCONFIG for opening the graphics performance window.

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CHAPTER – 4

Drawing Rules for Factory Act – 1948

4.1 Details required in Drawing

1. Flowchart Manufacturing Process.

2. A brief description of the various stages of the process.
3. Status of Factory premises and the surrounding buildings and other structures, roads,
drainage, etc. along with its surrounding place.
4. Different building map showing natural light, air ventilation and exit route of fire
(map should clearl show plant, machinery detail, entry/exit route)
5. Flow chart of production process and list of final product.
6. List of raw materials to be used and list of final product.
7. Factory lay out, Front elevation
8. Site plant indicating factory shed, colony area, administrative office etc.
9. Emergency exits,, ventilation arrangement, height of factory building layout showing
machinery erection points, different building etc.
10. All departments and sections are clear to display on the map, also display the number
of workers those are going to work in those sections / departments.
11. Any alteration/addition in existing factory must be shown in different color lining.
12. Other details necessary to chief inspector
13. All maps must be made with proper scale. Generally 1 cm = 500 cm. For location.

14. Map and for factory building 1 cm. = 100 cm. Scale should be used.

15. Roof: Generally, “North Light” roof is advisable. From the flooring the minimum
Height of roof should be 4.88 meter for cement roof, 5.5 meter for metal roof, 3.66
Meters in case of false-ceiling.

16. For the process where hot –air dust, gas steam etc is generated, ridge ventilation Roof
is must.

17. Bath – rooms: minimum areas must be 24 sq.ft. And it should not be near to
lavatories.

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18. Ventilations: Ventilations points must start from 3 foot from the flooring. For natural
light, “north-light” roof is good.

19. Walls: Walls of iron sheets/cement is not acceptable.

20. Drinking water point: It should be away from lavatories at minimum distance of 20
foot.

4.2 Topics which should be included Factory Drawing:

1. No. of workers considering all shifts?
2. At any one point time maximum no. of workers?
3. As per section 16, in each room whether provision for each employees for 500
Cubic feet has been has been made? For this height beyond 4.27 meter is not
considered.
4. Roofs
5. Walls
6. Flooring
7. Ventilations
8. Doors:
9. Emergency-Gates In Case Of Emergency
10. Drinking Water:
11. Toilets/Lavatory:
12. Provision Made For Disposal Of Industrial Waste.
13. Washing Place.
14. Cloak Room:
15. Canteens: (Where More Than 250 Workers Are Employed)
16. Rest Room, Lunch Room And Shelter (Applicable When There Are More Than
150 Workers)
17. Creach House: (Applicable Where More Than 30 Female Workers Are Working)
18. Ambulance Room / O H C
19. Arrangement For Machines

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4.3 Rules For Drawing:

General Notes
Following documents must be attached with the application.
1. Flow chart of production process and list of final product.
2. List of raw materials to be used and list of final product.
3. Map showing following in two copies:
1. Factory lay out, Front elevation
2. Site plant indicating factory shed, colony area, administrative office etc.
3. Emergency exits,, ventilation arrangement, height of factory building layout showing machinery erection
points, different building etc.
4. All departments and sections are clear to display on the map, also display the number of workers those
are going to work in those sections / departments.
5. Any alteration/addition in existing factory must be shown in different color lining.
6. Other details necessary to chief inspector
Meanwhile of the time in addition to normal, factory inspectorate’s information and guidance can be obtained.
According to the map showing the statute carefully, paying attention to the questionnaire will help prevent
delay in the proceedings on the map.
1. addition/alteration is to be made in existing factory, following points must be kept in mind.
Where addition/ alteration is to be made must be marked with red lines.
The portion to be deleted must be marked in yellow line.
2. All maps must be made with proper scale. Generally 1 cm = 500 cm. For location
Map and for factory building 1 cm. = 100 cm. Scale should be used.
Following standard will be acceptable in case of non-dangerous factories.
However, CIF’s decision will be final.
1. Roof: Generally, “North Light” roof is advisable. From the flooring the minimum Height of roof should be
4.88 meter for cement roof, 5.5 meter for metal roof, 3.66 Meters in case of false-ceiling.
2. For the process where hot –air dust, gas steam etc is generated, ridge ventilation Roof is must.
3. Bath – rooms: minimum areas must be 24 sq.ft. And it should not be near to lavatories.
4. Ventilations: Ventilations points must start from 3 foot from the flooring. For natural light, “north-light” roof is
good.
5. Walls: Walls of iron sheets/cement is not acceptable.
6. Drinking water point: It should be away from lavatories at minimum distance of 20 foot.
4. Where there are more than one factories in the same compound and where washing
Facilities are common, Appendix – II, must be filled.
5. In case of big factories, lavatories, toilets and washing places must be properly arranged.
6. In this questionnaire, Section of Factories Act of 1948 and Rules of 1963 of Gujarat applicable are considered.

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CHAPTER – 5

Drawing Sheet

5.1 Final Drawing Sheet As Per Factory Act.

Fig. 5.1.1 Sheet No.: 1

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Fig. 5.1.2 Sheet No.: 2

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Fig. 5.1.3 Sheet No.: 3

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CONCLUSION

The internship in a bridge between the theoretical knowledge and the practical or the reality
work at the field of construction or civil engineering work. We all who take the internship class
go to companies that already working either as a Factory Act consultant. The responsibilitiesof
the hosting company are to teach student and shape them in the two week. My hosting
company and a consultant team they help me who took the internship session in this company in
acquiring different knowledge in different positions.

This program played an important role to break the conventional thought that field works can
be only implemented by students who hold a degree or people who have an experience in
Drawing Preparation. We were able to acquire a high level of confidence to deal with
problems that arise in a quality related projects or work.

They help me to understand what is going to be when I work in site as well as office. The staff
also avail practicalknowledge for us to improve our practical knowledge status in the field and
Office. And also they make us more familiar with site works starting from communication
skill, handling of different Drawing works equipment utilization manpower control to finishing
of the work within the time scheduled by the client.

OVERALL BENEFITS OF THE INTERNSHIP

Improving practical skill
Upgrading the theoretical knowledge
Upgrading interpersonal communication skills
Improving team playing skill
Improving leadership skill

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REFERENCES

1. Gujarat Factory Act Rule – 1948.

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