GITAM UNIVERSITY

(Declared as Deemed to be University u/s 3 of the UGC Act 1956)

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS

FOR

BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm)

A Four Year Degree Course under semester pattern (Effective from the academic session 2009-10)
Approved in the 5th Academic Council meeting held on 19th September, 2009

GITAM INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY

(ISO 9001:2008 Certified)

Gandhinagar Campus, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530 045

Ph. No. 0891-2840550, 2840551, 2795315 E-mail: principal_pharmacy@gitam.edu, Website: www.gitam.edu

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS FOR BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B.PHARM) PROGRAMME

CHAPTER - I INTRODUCTION
1. Short title extent and commencements 2. Definitions

CHAPTER - II ADMISSION CRITERIA

3. Minimum qualification for admission into Bachelor of Pharmacy programme 4. Minimum qualification for admission into III semester of Bachelor of Pharmacy 5. Admission Notification 6. GAT (UGP) 7. Syllabus for GAT (UGP) 8. Rank list 9. Selection criteria 10. Terms & Conditions 11. General

CHAPTER - III REGISTRATION

12 Registration of the Candidates admitted in to the B. Pharm programme 13 Medium of instruction & Examination 14 Academic Calendar - No. of working days & No. of holidays.

CHAPTER IV CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

15 Award of marks for continuous assessment & maintenance of records 16 Continuous assessment & Examinations

CHAPTER V SEMESTER END EXAMINATIONS

17 18 19 20 21 22 Examinations (No. of examinations in an academic semester) Examination Calendar Eligibility for appearing at the examinations/Minimum requirements of attendance Eligibility of examiners Mode of examinations Special examinations

CHAPTER VI SCHEME OF EXAMINATION & EVALUATION

23 Credit based system 24 Grading system 25 Grade point average 26 Mode of evaluation 27 Retotalling, revaluation & reappearance 28 Award of Division / Class/ Distinction 29 Practical training 30 Eligibility for award of the B Pharm degree

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS FOR BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. Pharm) PROGRAMME

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1. Short title extent and commencements These regulations shall be called as Academic Regulations of GITAM University for B. Pharm programme.The academic regulations shall come in to force from the academic session 2008-09. Programme title Abbreviation Type of programme Duration of the programme : Bachelor of Pharmacy : B. Pharm : A four year degree programme divided in to eight Semesters : 4 years for 10+2 Science stream : 3years for D. Pharmacy holders (Lateral entry- Direct admission in to III semester) : Semester : 4 years divided in to 8 semesters with two semesters per year

Pattern Number of years and Semester 2. Definitions

GITAM stands for Gandhi Institute of Technology & Management Viasakhapatnam. University means GITAM UNIVERSITY B. Pharmacy includes 4 year academic programme & 3 year lateral entry programme after D. Pharmacy (Direct admission in to III semester B. Pharmacy Porgramme) GAT (UGP) stands for GITAM Admission Test (Under Graduate Pharmacy) ER91 Stands for Education Regulation 1991 as framed by Pharmacy Council of India u/s 10 of Pharmacy Act 1948 NSS stands for National Service Scheme NCC stands for National Cadet Corps PCI stands for Pharmacy Council of India, a statutory body of Govt. of India constituted u/s 3,chapter of Pharmacy Act 1948 Examining authority: The GITAM UNIVERSITY shall be the authority to conduct the B. Pharmacy examinations for the candidates of GITAM Institute of Pharmacy. Address of the Examining authority: GITAM UNIVERSITY Gandhinagar Campus, Rushikonda Visakhapatnam-530 045 India Website: www.gitam.edu

CHAPTER - II ADMISSION CRITERIA

Admission in to B. Pharm programme of GITAM UNIVERSITY are governed by the rules and regulations of GITAM UNIVERSITY. 3. (i) Minimum qualification for admission into Bachelor of Pharmacy programme A pass in 10+2 Science or its equivalent examination as approved by GITAM UNIVERSITY, with a minimum aggregate of 60% marks in the Science group of Physics, Chemistry & Mathematics/Biology. Candidate should qualify in the All India Common Entrance test GAT (UGP) of GITAM UNIVERSITY for B. Pharmacy programme.

(ii)

4. (i)

Minimum qualification for admission into III semester of Bachelor of Pharmacy A pass in Diploma in Pharmacy (ER 91)with 60% of marks from any Pharmacy college established in India by law and duly approved by PCI u/s12 of the Pharmacy Act 1948 (ii) Candidate should qualify the Common Entrance test conducted by GITAM UNIVERSITY 5. Admission Notification

The admission notification inviting applications for admission in to B. Pharmacy programme shall be published in leading English & Telugu daily and shall also be available in the University website with all relevant details including the application form, information brochure & syllabus for the admission test. 6. GAT (UGP)

GAT (UGP) will be of total 2 hour duration (without break). The test consists of three parts: Part I : Mathematics/ Biology Part II : Physics Part III : Chemistry All questions are of objective type (multiple choice questions), each question with a choice of four answers, only one being the correct choice. Each correct answer fetches 3 marks, while each incorrect answer has a penalty of 1 mark. No marks are awarded for not attempted questions. There will be 100 questions in all. The number of questions and marks in each part is as follows: Part I II III Total Subject Mathematics/ Biology Physics Chemistry No. of Questions 40 30 30 100 Marks 120 90 90 300

The questions are so designed that a good student will be able to answer 100 questions in 120 minutes. However, candidates should keep in mind the fact that there is negative marking for wrong answers and any attempt to answer the questions by pure guessing may result in a reduction in the total score. All the questions and instructions of the test will be in English only. 4

7.

Syllabus for GAT (UGP)

The detailed syllabus of GAT (UGP) relating to Mathematics/ Biology, Physics and Chemistry is given in the website of University (www.gitam.edu). 8. Rank List

The rank list will be prepared on the basis of the performance in the GAT (UGP) conducted by GITAM UNIVERSITY. 9. Selection Criteria

The admissions will be made on the basis of rank obtained in the GAT (UGP) and by following the rule of reservation, as applicable to GITAM UNIVERSITY. 10. Terms & Conditions The terms & conditions as may be notified and the related guidelines and instructions issued by the University, from the from time to time are applicable for admission to the programme 11. General The Management of GITAM UNIVERSITY reserves the right to change any of the conditions enumerated herein for the purpose of complying with any of the regulations of UGC or any other competent authorities The decision of the vice-chancellor of GITAM University, on all matters related to admissions and allied aspects, is final.

CHAPTER - III REGISTRATION

12. Registration of the Candidates admitted in to the B. Pharmacy programme The candidates provisionally admitted to the B. Pharm programme are required to apply in the prescribed format to GITAM UNIVERSITY along with the Migration Certificate issued by the competent authority of the qualifying examination, within one month of the date of admission along with requisite fees & other fees, for registration as a registered student of GITAM UNIVERSITY. The return of matriculates in the prescribed form along with the original documents & applications of each candidate shall be submitted to the University in stipulated time. Upon completion of the process of registration, each candidate shall be allotted an unique registration number which shall be valid for the full duration of the programme. 13. Medium of instruction & Examination Medium of instruction & Examination shall be in English

14. Academic Calendar - No. of working days & No. of holidays Instruction and examination in each academic year is spread over two semesters. The number of teaching weeks in each semester shall be fifteen to eighteen with a minimum of 90 teaching days excluding the period of examination. Each year GITAM UNIVERSITY shall draw out an academic calendar of academic & associated activities, list of holidays & such other aspects as may be deemed appropriate for each semester/year. Each period of instruction shall be of one hour duration. Seven periods of instruction provided on each day and there are six working days in a week (Monday to Saturday). are

CHAPTER IV CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

The assessment of the students performance in each theory course will be based on Continuous internal evaluation and semester-end examinations. 15. Award of marks for continuous assessment & maintenance of records A regular record of both Theory and Practical class work and examinations conducted in a semester shall be maintained for each student. Continuous internal evaluation shall carry 30 marks, as per the distribution described below for each theory and practical subject. 16. Continuous Assessment And Examinations: The assessment of the students performance in each course will be based on continuous internal evaluation and semester-end examination. The marks for each of the component of assessment are fixed as shown in the Table 1. Table 1: Assessment Procedure S.No. Component of Marks assessment allotted Type of Scheme of Examination Assessment (i) Two mid semester examinations are to be conducted for 10 marks each. (ii) 5 marks are allocated for Continuous attendance. evaluation (iii) 5 marks are allocated for assignments. The semester-end examination Semester-end question paper in theory courses examination will be for a maximum of 70 marks.

30 1 Theory

70 Total 100

Practicals

30

Continuous evaluation

(i) One examination for a maximum of 20 marks will be conducted by the teacher handling the lab course during mid of the semester (ii) 10 marks are allocated regular performance in the lab.

70

Semester end One examination for a maximum Examination of 70 marks will be scheduled at the end of the semester by the Principal. He will appoint one examiner in the relevant course, in addition to the teacher who handled the lab course in the semester.

Total

100

Continuous assessment: Theory The distribution of marks for various components of continuous assessment is furnished below: Subject Theory Sessional Examinations 20 marks Attendance 05 Marks Assignments 05 Marks Total 30 marks

1) There shall be two sessional examinations of 10 marks each in a semester. The mode of question paper can be of short answer type or long answer type depending on the nature of the subject. 2) Weightage for the attendance for the regular Theory classes shall be based on the following principle: Percentage of Attendance 76% to 80% 81% to 85% 86% to 90% 91% to 95% 96% to 100% 7 Marks 1 2 3 4 5

Continuous assessment: Practical The assessment of the students performance in each practical course will be based on continuous internal evaluation and semester-end examinations. The distribution of marks for various components of continuous assessment is furnished below: Subject Theory 1) Sessional Examinations 20 marks Day-to-day performance 10 Marks Total 30 marks

There shall be one sessional practical examinations of 20 marks in the mid of the semester. The mode of question paper shall be based on the pattern suggested for the semester end examinations The day-to-day performance of the candidate in the regular practical classes shall have a weightage of 10 marks for each practical class. The statement of day-to-day performance for each practical class in respect of each candidate shall be maintained by the institution, which is to be shown to the students at the end of each practical. The calculation for the day to day performance shall be as follows: Marks obtained in the day to day performance =

2)

Total marks obtained in the day to day performance in all the practicals of the semester Total number of practical classes held in the semester

CHAPTER - V SEMESTER END EXAMINATIONS

17. Examinations (No. of examinations in an academic semester) There shall be one examination at the end of each semester conducted by the University. 18. Examination Calendar The examination calendar shall be notified by the University 19. Eligibility for appearing at the attendance in theory & practicals examinations/Minimum requirements of

Attendance Requirements A student whose attendance is less than 75% in all the courses put together in any semester shall not be permitted to attend the end - semester examination. However, the Vice Chancellor on the recommendation of the Principal / Director of the Institute may condone the shortage of attendance to an extent of 9%, to the students whose attendance is between 66% and 74% on genuine medical grounds supported by the Medical certificate issued by the competent authority approved for the purpose by the University, along with the prescribed Condonation fees.. If any candidate fails to satisfy the aforesaid regulations he/she shall not be allowed for the University Examinations at the end of the semester, and he/she shall not be allowed for promotion to the next higher class of study. He/she shall be required to repeat the regular 8

course of study of that academic semester along with the next regular batch of that particular semester. 20. Eligibility of Examiners In respect of all theory examinations, the paper setting shall be done by an External paper setter. The panel of paper setters for each course is to be prepared by the Board of Studies in Pharmacy. The panel of examiners in all the subjects of B. Pharm shall be submitted by the Principal/Director who is the chairman of BOS (Pharmacy), to the Vice Chancellor for necessary consideration and approval. The paper setters are to be appointed by the academic council/ Vice Chancellor on the recommendations of Director of Evaluation / Controller of Examinations/Chairman BOS Pharmacy. The examiners for setting theory question papers shall be appointed from outside the University, from any part of the country. Persons from Universities, University Institutions, Deemed Universities, Accredited institutions /Govt. Institutions or Reputed private institutions shall be selected for setting question papers or for conducting practical examinations. Eligibility criteria for appointment of examiners shall be a minimum of M.Pharm in relevant specialization with at least 3 years of degree level teaching experience in reputed institutions, approved by PCI/AICTE. 21. Mode of Examinations Each Theory paper shall be of 3 hours duration. The question shall be short answer and structured essay types. All practical Examinations shall be conducted in the laboratories as prescribed in the syllabus. The skills of the candidates in conducting experiments, interpreting results and arriving at logical conclusions shall be assessed. The oral examination is an integral part of the practical examination. 22. Special Examination A student who has completed the stipulated period of study of eight semesters for the B. Pharm degree programme and still having failure grade (F) in not more than 5 courses ( Theory / Practicals), may be permitted to appear for the special examination, which shall be conducted in the summer vacation at the end of the last academic year. A student having F Grade in more than 5 courses (Theory/practicals) shall not be permitted to appear for the special examination.

CHAPTER - VI SCHEME OF EXAMINATION & EVALUATION

23. Credit Based System Appropriate letter grades are awarded in each theory and practical subject to only such candidates who have passed in the university examinations. Internal assessment marks and university examination marks put together will be taken into account for the letter grading system in each subject separately. A candidate registered for the university examination but fails to appear or fails to score the minimum required 40% marks in the university examination will get a grade F, indicating failure or grade of incompletion. Each course is assigned certain number of credits which will depend upon the number of contact hours (lectures & tutorials) per week. In general, credits are assigned to the courses based on the following contact hours per week per semester. One credit for each Lecture / Tutorial class of one hour duration. Two credits for each Practical class of three (or more) hours duration The curriculum of B. Pharm programme is designed to have a total of 220 credits for the award of B. Pharm degree. 24. Grading System Based on the student performance during a given semester, a final letter grade will be awarded at the end of the semester in each course. The letter grades and the corresponding grade points are as given in the Table below. Grades & Grade Points Grade O A+ A B+ B C F Grade points 10 9 8 7 6 5 Failed, 0 Absolute Marks 90 and above 80 89 70 79 60 69 50 59 40 49 Less than 40

A student who earns a minimum of 5 grade points (C grade) in a course is declared to have successfully completed the course, and is deemed to have earned the credits assigned to that course. However, a minimum of 28 marks is to be secured at the semester end examination of theory courses in order to pass in the theory course.

10

25. Grade Point Average A Grade Point Average (GPA) for the semester will be calculated according to the formula: [C x G] GPA = ---------------C Where C = number of credits for the course, G = grade points obtained by the student in the course. Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA) is awarded to those candidates who pass in all the courses of the semester. To arrive at Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA), a similar formula is used considering the students performance in all the courses taken in all the semesters completed up to the particular point of time. 26. Mode of Evaluation The theory papers of end-semester examination will be evaluated by an examiner appointed by the University as per the prescribed norms. The appointment of examiners for evaluation of theory papers will be done by the Vice Chancellor on the recommendations of Director of Evaluation / Controller of Examinations from a panel of examiners approved by the BOS in Pharmacy. 27. Retotalling, Revaluation & Reappearance Re-totaling of the theory answer script of the end-semester examination is permitted on a request made by the student by paying the prescribed fee within ten days of the announcement of the results. Revaluation of the theory answer script of the end-semester examination is also permitted on a request made by the student by paying the prescribed fee within fifteen days of the announcement of the results. A Student who has secured F Grade in any Theory / Practical of any semester shall have to reappear for the semester end examination for the said Theory / Practical as the case may be along with the next regular batch for that particular semester. He /She need not appear at the subjects in which he/she has already obtained pass marks. A student who has secured F Grade in Project work shall have to improve his report and reappear for viva voce Examination of project work at the time of special examination to be conducted in the summer vacation after the last academic year.

11

28. Award of Division / Class/ Distinction The candidate must have, after passing the qualifying examination pursued a regular course of study for not less than four academic years(three academic years in the case of diploma in Pharmacy holders who are admitted directly in to 3rd semester of B. Pharmacy) and satisfied the academic requirements as prescribed thereafter. The scope of subject matter in each course and periods of study shall be as indicated in the syllabus and the scheme of instruction. The requirement of CGPA for a student to be declared to have passed on successful completion of the B. Pharmacy programme and for the declaration of the class is as shown in the Table below. CGPA required for award of Degree Distinction First Class Second Class Pass 8.0* 7.0 6.0 5.0

* In addition to the required CGPA of 8.0, the student must have necessarily passed all the courses of every semester in first attempt. First attempt means appearance at the first examinations conducted for the particular batch. After the results are declared, grade cards will be issued to each student, which will contain the list of subjects for that semester and grades obtained by the student. Any candidate who carried a backlog at any stage will not be eligible for rank, medal or prizes awarded if any by the University. 29. Practical Training Every candidate shall undergo practical training for at least one month in a Pharmaceutical industry/ hospital/ allied sector and shall submit a report which shall be evaluated for a total of 100 marks. 30. Eligibility for Award of the B Pharm Degree Duration of the programme: A student is ordinarily expected to complete the B Pharm programme in eight semesters of four years. However a student may complete the programme in not more than six years including study period. A student shall be eligible for award of the B Pharm degree if he / she fulfils all the following conditions. a) Registered and successfully completed all the courses and projects. b) Successfully acquired the minimum required credits as specified in the curriculum corresponding to the branch of his/her study within the stipulated time. c) Has no dues to the Institute, hostels, Libraries, NCC / NSS etc, and d) No disciplinary action is pending against him / her. The degree shall be awarded after approval by the Academic Council. The above regulations wherever required, may be relaxed by the Vice Chancellor in individual cases for cogent and sufficient reasons. 12

SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION
FOR BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. PHARMACY) Program Code: PURPH200801 I semester Theory Code No. Name of the Subject Prescribed hours L 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 P ------3 3 3 3 3 3 NC No. of Credits

PURPH 101 Anatomy, Physiology & Health Education PURPH 102 Professional Pharmacy PURPH 103 Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry PURPH 104 Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry - I PURPH 105 Pharmacognosy I PURPH 106 Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Analysis *PURBI / Remedial Biology/ Mathematics PURMT107 * College level examination only. I semester Practical PURPH111 PURPH112 PURPH 113 PURPH114 PURPH115 Total Code No. II semester - Theory Name of the Subject Anatomy, Physiology & Health Education Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry - I Pharmacognosy - I Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Analysis

3 3 3 3 3 21 15

2 2 2 2 2 28 No. of Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Prescribed hours L 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 P --------

PURPH201 PURPH 202 PURPH 203 PURPH 204 PURPH 205 PURPH206 PURPH 207

Human Physiology & Pathophysiology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-II Physical Pharmacy-I Medicinal Biochemistry Chemical Methods of Analysis Community Pharmacy II semester - Practicals Pharmaceutical Microbiology Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-II Medicinal Biochemistry Physical Pharmacy - I Chemical Methods of Analysis

PURPH211 PURPH212 PURPH213 PURPH214 PURPH 215 Total

21

3 3 3 3 3 15

2 2 2 2 2 31

13

III semester - Theory Code No. PURPH 301 PURPH 302 PURPH 303 PURPH 304 PURPH 305 PURPH 306 PURPH 307 Name of the Subject Disinfection , Sterilization & Immunology Computer Applications & Programming Physical Pharmacy-II Medicinal Chemistry-I Pharmacology-I Pharmaceutical Engineering-I Principles of Management III semester - Practicals PURPH 311 PURPH 312 PURPH 313 PURPH 314 PURPH 315 Total Disinfection , Sterilization & Immunology Computer Applications & Programming Physical Pharmacy-II Medicinal Chemistry-I Pharmacology-I 21 IV semester - Theory Code No. PURPH 401 PURPH 402 PURPH 403 PURPH 404 PURPH 405 PURPH 406 PURPH 407 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Engineering-II Medicinal Chemistry-II Pharmacology-II Pharmacognosy-II Pharmacy Practice-I Biostatistics Accounting & Financial Management IV semester - Practicals PURPH 411 PURPH 412 PURPH 413 PURPH 414 PURPH 415 Total Pharmaceutical Engineering -II Medicinal Chemistry-II Pharmacology-II Pharmacognosy-II Pharmacy Practice-I 21 3 3 3 3 3 15 2 2 2 2 2 31 Prescribed hours L P 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 No. of Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 15 2 2 2 2 2 31 Prescribed hours L P 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 No. of Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

14

V Semester - Theory Code No. PURPH 501 PURPH 502 PURPH 503 PURPH 504 PURPH 505 PURPH 506 PURPH 507 Name of the Subject Electro Chemical Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Technology I Pharmacology-III Pharmacognosy-III Biological Pharmacy Operations Management Medicinal Chemistry-III V semester - Practicals PURPH 511 PURPH 512 PURPH 513 PURPH 514 PURPH 515 Total Electro Chemical Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Technology I Pharmacology-III Pharmacognosy-III Biological Pharmacy 21 VI Semester - Theory Code No. PURPH 601 PURPH 602 PURPH 603 PURPH 604 PURPH 605 PURPH 606 PURPH 607 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology II Pharmacognosy IV Chromatographic Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Pharmacology IV Pharmacotherapeutics-I Marketing Management VI semester - Practicals Pharmaceutical Technology II Pharmacognosy IV Chromatographic Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Pharmacology IV 21 Prescribed hours L P 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 No. of Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 15 2 2 2 2 2 31 Prescribed hours L P 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 No. of Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

PURPH 611 PURPH 612 PURPH 613 PURPH 614 PURPH 615 Total

3 3 3 3 3 15

2 2 2 2 2 31

15

VII Semester - Theory Code No. PURPH 701 PURPH 702 PURPH 703 PURPH 704 PURPH 705 PURPH 706 PURPH 707 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology III Bioinformatics Elective-I Drug Regulatory Affairs Pharmacotherapeutics-II Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence Instrumental Methods of Analysis Elective-I (PURPH 703) PURPH 703-IA PURPH 703-IB PURPH 703-IC Advanced Medicinal Chemistry-I Labeling and Packaging Of Dosage Forms Clinical Studies Prescribed hours L P 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 No. of Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

VII semester - Practicals PURPH 711 PURPH 712 PURPH 713 PURPH 714 PURPH 715 Total Pharmaceutical Technology -III Bioinformatics Elective-I (Seminar*) Instrumental Methods of Analysis Project work & Seminar (Literature review) 21 ELECTIVE-I (PURPH 713) PURPH 713-IA PURPH 713-IB PURPH 713-IC Advanced Medicinal Chemistry-I Labeling and Packaging Of Dosage Forms Clinical Studies
*

3 3 3 3 3 15

2 2 2 2 2 31

PURPH 713: Elective-I (Seminar)

Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 713.

16

VIII Semester - Theory Code No. PURPH 801 PURPH 802 PURPH 803 PURPH 804 PURPH 805 PURPH 806 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology IV Pharmaceutical Technology V Elective-II Pharmacy Practice-II Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Comprehensive Viva - Voce ELECTIVE-II (PURPH 803) PURPH 803-IA PURPH 803-IB PURPH 803-IC Advanced Medicinal Chemistry II Cosmetic Technology Herbal Drug Technology Prescribed hours L P 3 3 3 3 3 0 No. of Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3

VIII semester - Practicals PURPH 811 PURPH 812 PURPH 813 PURPH 814 Pharmaceutical Technology IV Pharmaceutical Technology V Elective-II(Seminar* ) Project Work (Practical Work) & Seminar, VivaVoce Project dissertation (Preface, Objectives General Introduction, Drug profile, Review of Literature, Plan of work, Methodology/ Experimental work and Investigations, , Interpretation and analysis of data, Results and Discussion, Summary & Conclusion) PURPH 815 Total Grand total Practical training/ visits 15 162 Elective-II (PURPH 813) 18 123 6 36 250 3 3 3 9 2 2 2 6

PURPH 813-IA PURPH 813-IB PURPH 813-IC

*

Advanced Medicinal Chemistry II Cosmetic Technology Herbal Drug Technology

PURPH 813: Elective-II (Seminar)

Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 813.

17

SCHEME OF EXAMIANATION
FOR BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B. PHARMACY) Program Code: PURPH200801 (w.e.f 2009 Admitted Batch) I semester Theory
Continuous Assessment Assign Attenda Midsem ments/ Total nce MCQ 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Code No.

Name of the Subject Anatomy, Physiology & Health Education Professional Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry - I Pharmacognosy I Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Analysis / Remedial Biology/ Mathematics

PURPH 101 PURPH 102 PURPH 103 PURPH 104 PURPH 105 PURPH 106 *PURBI PURMT107

* College level examination only. I semester Practical

Continuous Assessment Code No. Name of the Subject: Anatomy, Physiology & Health Education Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry - I Pharmacognosy - I Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical Analysis Midsem 20 20 20 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 10 10 10 Total 30 30 30 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100

PURPH111 PURPH112 PURPH 113 PURPH114 PURPH115

II semester Theory
Code No. PURPH201 PURPH 202 PURPH 203 PURPH 204 PURPH 205 PURPH206 PURPH 207 Name of the Subject Human Physiology & Pathophysiology Pharmaceutical Microbiology Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-II Physical Pharmacy-I Medicinal Biochemistry Chemical Methods of Analysis Community Pharmacy Continuous Assessment Attenda Assignme Midsem nce nts/MCQ 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Total 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

II semester Practicals
Continuous Assessment Code No. PURPH211 PURPH212 PURPH213 PURPH214 PURPH 215 Name of the subject Pharmaceutical Microbiology Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-II Medicinal Biochemistry Physical Pharmacy - I Chemical Methods of Analysis Midsem 20 20 20 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 10 10 10 Total 30 30 30 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100

18

III semester Theory

Code No. PURPH 301 PURPH 302 PURPH 303 PURPH 304 PURPH 305 PURPH 306 PURPH 307 Name of the Subject: Disinfection , Sterilization Immunology Computer Applications Programming Physical Pharmacy-II Medicinal Chemistry-I Pharmacology-I Pharmaceutical Engineering-I Principles of Management & & Continuous Assessment Attenda Assignme Midsem nce nts/MCQ 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Total 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

III semester - Practicals

Continuous Assessment Code No. Name of the Subject: Disinfection , Sterilization Immunology Computer Applications Programming Physical Pharmacy-II Medicinal Chemistry-I Pharmacology-I & & Midsem 20 20 20 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 10 10 10 Total 30 30 30 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100

PURPH 311 PURPH 312 PURPH 313 PURPH 314 PURPH 315

IV semester Theory
Code No. PURPH 401 PURPH 402 PURPH 403 PURPH 404 PURPH 405 PURPH 406 PURPH 407 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Engineering-II Medicinal Chemistry-II Pharmacology-II Pharmacognosy-II Pharmacy Practice-I Biostatistics Accounting & Financial Management Continuous Assessment Attenda Assignme Midsem nce nts/MCQ 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Total 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

IV semester - Practicals
Continuous Assessment Code No. PURPH 411 PURPH 412 PURPH 413 PURPH 414 PURPH 415 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Engineering -II Medicinal Chemistry-II Pharmacology-II Pharmacognosy-II Pharmacy Practice-I Midsem 20 20 20 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 10 10 10 Total 30 30 30 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100

19

V Semester Theory
Code No. PURPH 501 PURPH 502 PURPH 503 PURPH 504 PURPH 505 PURPH 506 PURPH 507 Name of the Subject Electro Chemical Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Technology I Pharmacology-III Pharmacognosy-III Biological Pharmacy Operations Management Medicinal Chemistry-III Continuous Assessment Attenda Assignme Midsem nce nts/MCQ 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Total 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

V semester - Practicals
Continuous Assessment Code No. PURPH 511 PURPH 512 PURPH 513 PURPH 514 PURPH 515 Name of the Subject Electro Chemical Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Technology I Pharmacology-III Pharmacognosy-III Biological Pharmacy Midsem 20 20 20 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 10 10 10 Total 30 30 30 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100

VI Semester Theory
Code No. PURPH 601 PURPH 602 PURPH 603 PURPH 604 PURPH 605 PURPH 606 PURPH 607 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology II Pharmacognosy IV Chromatographic Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Pharmacology IV Pharmacotherapeutics-I Marketing Management Continuous Assessment Attenda Assignme Midsem nce nts/MCQ 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 End Semester Grand Examination Total 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Total 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

VI semester - Practicals
Continuous Assessment Code No. PURPH 611 PURPH 612 PURPH 613 PURPH 614 PURPH 615 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology II Pharmacognosy IV Chromatographic Methods of Analysis Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Pharmacology IV Midsem 20 20 20 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 10 10 10 Total 30 30 30 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100

20

VII Semester Theory

Code No. PURPH 701 PURPH 702 PURPH 703 PURPH 704 PURPH 705 PURPH 706 PURPH 707 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology III Bioinformatics Elective-I Drug Regulatory Affairs Pharmacotherapeutics-II Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence Instrumental Methods of Analysis Continuous Assessment Attenda Assignme Midsem nce nts/MCQ 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Total 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

VII semester - Practicals

Continuous Assessment Code No. PURPH 711 PURPH 712 PURPH 713 PURPH 714 PURPH 715 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology -III Bioinformatics Elective-I (Seminar*) Instrumental Methods of Analysis Project work & Seminar (Seminar on Proposed Project Work, Literature Survey, Plan of Work, Methodology, etc) Midsem 20 20 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 10 10 Total 30 30 100 30 30 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100

PURPH 713: Elective-I (Seminar)

Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 713.

21

VIII Semester Theory

Continuous Assessment Assign Attenda Midsem ments/ nce MCQ 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 20 5 5 End Semester Examination 70 70 70 70 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100

Code No. PURPH 801 PURPH 802 PURPH 803 PURPH 804 PURPH 805 PURPH 806

Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology IV Pharmaceutical Technology V Elective-II Pharmacy Practice-II Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Comprehensive Viva - Voce

Total 30 30 30 30 30 30

VIII semester - Practicals

Continuous Assessment Code No. PURPH 811 PURPH 812 PURPH 813 Name of the Subject Pharmaceutical Technology IV Pharmaceutical Technology V Elective-II(Seminar* ) Project Work (Practical Work) & Seminar, Viva-Voce Project dissertation (Preface, Objectives General Introduction, Drug profile, Review of Literature, Plan of work, Methodology/ Experimental work and Investigations, , Interpretation and analysis of data, Results and Discussion, Summary & Conclusion) Practical training/ visits Midsem 20 20 Day to Day Assessment 10 10 Total 30 30 100 End Semester Examination 70 70 Grand Total 100 100 100

PURPH 814

100

PURPH 815
*

100

PURPH 813: Elective-II (Seminar)

Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 813.

22

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 1st semester (Theory) PURPH101: ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND HEALTH EDUCATION 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Scope of anatomy and physiology, basic terminologies used in this subject (Description of the body as such planes and terminologies) Structure of cell its components and their functions. Elementary tissues of the human body: epithelial, connective, Muscular and nervous tissues-their subtypes and characteristics a) Osseous system - structure, composition and functions of the Skeleton. (Done in practical classes 6hrs) b) Classification of joints, Types of movements of joints and disorders of joints c) Skeletal muscles i) Histology ii) Physiology of Muscle contraction iii) Physiological properties of skeletal muscle and their disorders d) Sports physiology i) Muscles in exercise, Effect of athletic training on muscles and muscle performance, ii) Respiration in exercise, CVS in exercise, Body heat in exercise, Body fluids and salts in exercise, iii) Drugs and athletics Myasthenia gravis, spasticity, tetanus, Osteoporosis, Rickets, Osteomalacia, Arthritis, Gout.

UNIT II Haemopoetic System a) Composition and functions of blood b) Haemopoesis and disorders of blood components (definition of disorder) c) Blood groups d) Clotting factors and mechanism e) Platelets and disorders of coagulation Lymphatic System a) Lymph and lymphatic system, composition, formation and circulation. b) Spleen: structure and functions, Disorders c) Disorders of lymphatic system Anemia, Leukemia, leucopenia, purpura, aggranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, haemophilia.

polycythemia,

UNIT III Cardiovascular system a) Anatomy and functions of heart b) Blood vessels and circulation (Pulmonary, coronary and systemic circulation) c) Electrocardiogram (ECG) d) Cardiac cycle and heart sounds e) Blood pressure its maintenance and regulation f) Definition of the following disorders Hypertension, Hypotension, Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, Angina, Myocardial infarction, Congestive heart failure, Cardiac arrhythmias.

23

UNIT IV Respiratory system a) Anatomy of respiratory organs and functions b) Mechanism / physiology of respiration and regulation of respiration c) Transport of respiratory gases d) Respiratory volumes and capacities, and Definition of: Hypoxia, Asphyxia, Dybarism, Oxygen therapy and resuscitation. Digestive system a) Anatomy and physiology of GIT b) Anatomy and functions of accessory glands of GIT c) Digestion and absorption d) Definition of the following disorders Emesis, pyloric stenosis, hyperacidity, peptic and duodenal ulcer, dyspepsia, colic, constipation diarrhea, piles, jaundice, cirrhosis, asthma, bronchitis, tuberculosis. UNIT - V Health Education a) Concepts of health and disease, causative agent and prevention of disease b) Demography and family planning: Medical termination of pregnancy c) Brief outline of communicable diseases, their causative agents, modes of transmission and prevention (Chicken pox, measles, influenza, diphtheria, whooping cough, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, helminthiasis, malaria, filariasis, rabies, trachoma, tetanus, leprosy, syphilis, gonorrhea and AIDS) d) First aid: Emergency treatment of shock, snake bites, burns, poisoning, fractures and resuscitation methods. Books Recommended: 1. Gerard J. Tortora and Bryan H. Derrickson: Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Vol. 1 & 2, 12th edition,John Willey & Sons, Inc.,2009. 2. Waugh and A. Grant Ed.: Ross and Wilsons Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness, 10th edition (2nd reprint), Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, Edinburg, 2008. 3. Arthur C. Guyton and John E. Hall: Text Book of Medical Physiology, 11th edition: Saunders, Elsevier, 2006. 4. C.C. Chatterjee: Human physiology, Volume 1& 2, 11th edition (7th reprint), Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta, 2004. 5. K. Sembulingam and P. Sembulingam: Essentials of Medical Physiology, 5th edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2010. 6. S. K. Chaudhury: Concise Medical Physiology, 5th edition (1st reprint), New Central Book Agency, Kolkata, 2006 7. W. F. Ganong: Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2005. 8. Grays Anatomy 39th edition, Churchill Livingstone, London.

PURPH 102: PROFESSIONAL PHARMACY 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Introduction to profession of pharmacy, definition of pharmacy, registered pharmacist, study of Pharmacy Act 1948, Code of ethics for a Pharmacist, career opportunities for Pharmacy graduates.

24

UNIT II History of Pharmacy Historical background and development of profession of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical industry in brief. Pharmaceutical education in India. Introduction to various commissions appointed in relation to pharmacy profession and their recommendations: Hathi committee (Jai Sukhlal Hathi) dealing with fake drugs, Drug enquiry committee, Bhore committee, Mashelkar committee. Mysore expert committee, brief idea about other committees for Pharmacy UNIT III Brief introduction to professional societies and various Pharmaceutical associations with Mission, Objectives and salient features including the official publications (Journals, periodicals, if any) of: a. Indian Pharmaceutical Congress Association b. Indian Pharmaceutical Association c. Indian Hospital Pharmacists Association d. Indian Pharmacy Graduates Association e. Association of Pharmaceutical Teachers of India f. The All India Drug Control Officers Confederation g. Indian Society for Technical Education h. National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority i. Other allied professional societies/ associations UNIT IV Development of Indian Pharmacopoeia and introduction to other Pharmacopoeias such as BP, USP, European Pharmacopoeia, Extra pharmacopoeia, Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, Herbal pharmacopoeia and Indian national formulary. Brief introduction about general subheadings under a monograph. UNIT V a. Introduction to dosage forms - classification and definitions, general characteristics of dosage forms, route of administration of drugs, additives used in different dosage forms b. Prescription: definition, various parts of prescription and their functions, handling of prescription, sources of errors, care required in dispensing procedures including labeling of dispensed products, preliminary knowledge of important Latin terms used in the prescriptions and their translation in to English. c. Posology: Definition, Factors affecting dose selection. Calculation of children and infant doses. Books Recommended: 1. Harkishan singh: History of Pharmacy in India and related aspects, volume 1 Pharmacopoeias and formularies, 1st edition, Vallbh Prakashan, 2005. 2. Harkishan Singh: History of Pharmacy in India and related aspects, volume 2 Pharmaceutical Education, 1st edition, vallbh prakashan, 2005. 3. Harkishan Singh: History of Pharmacy in India and related aspects,volume 4 Mahadeva Lal Schroff and the Making of Modern Pharmacy , 1st edition, vallbh prakashan, 2005 4. Professional Pharmacy M.L. Schroff 5. Indian Pharma Reference Guide 2010, Kong Posh Publiucations Pvt. Ltd. (www.kppub.com). 6. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Controller of Publication, Delhi,1996 7. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 8. British Pharmacopoeia, 2009 9. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol 1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008.

25

10. Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia 11. Herbal Pharmacopoeia 12. International Pharmacopoeia 13. Remington: The Sciences and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol. 1 & 2, 21st edition (1st Indian reprint), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007. 14. S. J. Carter Ed.: Cooper and Gunns Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, 12th edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 2007. 15. B.M .Mithal A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Formulation, 6th edition, Vallbh Prakashan, 2008. 16. Introduction to Pharmaceutical dosage forms L. V. Allen, N. G. Popovich & H. C. Ansel:
Ansels Parmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems, 8th edition, Lipincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2005.

17. N.K. Jain & S.N. Sharma: A Textbook of Professional Pharmac, 5th editon, Vallbh Prakashan, 2009. PURPH 103: PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 3 hrs. /week UNIT I a. Brief introduction to Pharmacopoeia: Indian Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia and European Pharmacopoeia. b. Sources of impurities in pharmaceutical substances, their control and tests for purity. c. Importance of Limit tests, general principles and procedures of limit tests for chloride, sulphate, lead, iron, heavy metals and arsenic with their pharmacopoeial standards. d. Qualitative tests for anions and cations. UNIT II a. Major intra and extra cellular electrolytes: requirements and functions of the following major physiological ions- -sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, magnesium, iodine. Electrolytes used in replacement therapy, physiological acid-base balance, electrolyte combination therapy, buffers and antioxidants and their pharmaceutical applications. b. Essential and trace elements: Transition elements and their compounds. Iron and Haematinics. Mineral supplements. UNIT III Definition, general method of preparation, tests for purity and medicinal uses for the following classes of compounds: a. Gastro-intestinal agents: 1) Acidifying agents- hydrochloric acid, sodium acid phosphate. 2) Antacids- aluminium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium carbonate, milk of magnesia, magnesium trisilicate, magnesium oxide. 3) Protectives and adsorbents- charcoal, kaolin, bismuth subgallate, bismuth subcarbonate. 4) Saline cathartics- sodium potassium tartrate, magnesium sulphate, sodium phosphate. b. Dental products: Anti- caries agents, dentifrices and desensitizing agents. c. Gases and respiratory stimulants: Oxygen, carbon dioxide, helium, nitrogen and nitrous oxide. UNIT IV Definition, general method of preparation, tests for purity and medicinal uses for the following classes of compounds: a. Topical agents: 1) Protectives- talc, calamine, zinc oxide. 2) Antimicrobial agents- hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, sodium perborate, iodine, boric acid, borax, silver nitrate, silver protein, sulphur, ammoniated mercury, yellow mercuric oxide. 3) Astringents- alum, zinc sulphate.

26

b. Radiopharmaceuticals: General theory regarding radioactivity, units, radio-activity decay, biological effects of radiation, measurement of radioactivity, radiopharmaceuticals and their pharmaceutical applications, storage and handling of radio pharmaceuticals, radio-opaque contrast media- barium sulfate. UNIT V a. Miscellaneous agents: Definition, general method of preparation, tests for purity and medicinal uses for the following classes of compounds: Expectorants and emetics. Sedatives. Poisons and antidotes. Complexing and chelating agents. b. Preparation and uses of the following reagents: lithium aluminium hydride anhydrous aluminium chloride perchloric acid boron trifluoride ceric ammonium sulphate. Books Recommended: 1. L. M. Atherden: Bentley & Drivers Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 8th edition, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 2007. 2. G. R. Chatwal: Pharmaceutical Chemistry Inorganic, 4th edition, Himalaya Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, 2008. 3. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Controller of Publication, Delhi, 1996. 4. A. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-1, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005.

PURPH 104: PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I 3 hrs. /week UNIT I 1. Structures and Physical properties of organic molecules: a. Atomic and molecular orbitals, molecular orbital theory, bond formation in organic compounds, hybridization, polarity of bonds, polarity of molecules, Inter molecular forces, influence of structure on physical properties like m.p, b.p, solubility. Homolysis and heterolysis, electron displacement effects, reactive intermediates, types of organic reagents. b. Acids and bases, Lowry bronsted and Lewis theories 2. IUPAC nomenclature of organic compound belonging to the following classes Alkanes, Alkenes, Dienes, Alkynes, Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones, Amides, Amines, Phenols, Alkyl Halides, Carboxylic Acid, Esters, Acid Chlorides And Cycloalkanes.

27

UNIT II 1. Stereochemistry: Isomerism: Different types of isomerism, their nomenclature and associated physico chemical properties. Structural isomerism: chain isomerism, positional isomerism, functional isomerism and metamerism, keto-enol tautomerism. Conformational isomerism: Conformations of ethane and butane. Geometrical isomerism: cis-trans isomers and E-Z isomers, physical and chemical properties, stability of cis and trans isomers. Optical isomerism:Optical activity, specific rotation, asymmetric carbon, chirality, Fischer projection, enantiomerism, diastereomerism. Specification of configuration: Absolute and relative configuration (D,L system and R,S system). Racemic mixture, racemization, Walden inversion. 2. Alkanes- general methods of preparation, free radical substitution reactions: Mechanism, relative reactivity and stability. 3. Alicyclic compounds: Preparations of cyclo alkanes, ring stabilities of cyclohexane, chair boat conformation, Bayer strain theory, Sachse-Mohr concept of strainless rings. UNIT III 1. Electrophillic addition: Reactions at carbon-carbon double bond, hydrogenation, heat of hydrogenation and stability of alkenes, Markovnikoffs rule, addition of hydrogen halides, addition of hydrogen bromide- peroxide effect. Electrophillic addition mechanism, rearrangement, orientation and reactivity, addition of halogen, halohydrin formation, mechanism of free radical additon, mechanism of peroxide initiated addition of hydrogen bromide, orientation of free radical addition, addition of carbene to alkene, cyclo- addition reactions. 2. Carbon-carbon double bond as substituents: Free radical halogenations of alkenes, comparision of free radical substitution with free radical addition, free radical substitution in alkenes. 3. Alkynes: Acidity of 1-alkynes, formation of metal acetylides. Addition of hydrogen halide, addition of water and keto-enol tautomerism. 4. Theory of resonance: Allyl radical as a resonance hybrid, stability, orbital picture, resonance stabilization of allyl radicals, allyl cation as a resonance hybrid, resonance stabilization of allyl cation, hyper conjugation, allylic rearrangement, stability of conjugated dienes, resonance in alkenes, electrophilic addition to conjugated dienes, 1,2 and 1,4- additions with examples, 1,2versus 1,4-addition, Diels Alder reaction, orientation and reactivity of free radical addition to conjugated dienes. UNIT IV 1. Nucleophilic aliphatic substitution mechanism: Nucleophiles and leaving groups, kinetics of second and first order reactions, mechanism and stereochemistry of SN2 reactions, mechanism and stereochemistry of SN1 reactions, carbocations and their stability, rearrangement of carbocation, reactivity of alkyl halide in SN1 and SN2, factors affecting SN1 and SN2 reactions, SN2 versus SN1. 2. Dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides: 1,2 elimination, kinetics, Saytzeffs rule, E2 and E1 mechanism, elimination via carbocation, evidence for E2 mechanism, orientation and reactivity of E1 and E2 reactions, E2 versus E1, elimination versus substitution, dehydration of alcohol and its mechanism, ease of dehydration, acid catalysis. 3. Alcohols: hydrogen bonding, characteristic nucleophilic substitution reactions, elimination reactions, Reimer Tiemann reaction and relative reactivities of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, Meerwein Pondorff Verley reduction. 4. Ethers: Williamsons synthesis, action of hydro-iodic acid on ethers(Ziesels method).

28

UNIT V 1. Electrophilic aromatic substitution: Kekules structure of benzene, bond lengths, heats of hydrogenation and stability,molecular orbital picture of benzene, aromaticity, Huckels rule, electophilic aromatic substitution, effect of substituent groups, determination of orientation, determination of relative reactivity, classification of substituent group, mechanism of nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel craft alkylation, Friedel craft acylation, reactivity and orientation, activating and deactivating (O,P,M directing) groups, effect of halogen on electrophilic aromatic substitution in alkyl benzene, side chain halogenation of alkyl benzene, resonance stabilization of benzyl radical. 2. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons: Haworths synthesis, structure, properties and reactions of naphthalene, phenanthrene and anthracene. Structure and medicinal uses of Propranolol, Tolnaftate, Menadione, Naphazoline, Phenindione, Morphine and Codeine. Books Recommended: 1. R. T. Morrison and R. Boyd: Organic Chemistry, 6th edition (5th Indian edition), Pearsons Education, Inc., 2004. 2. L. M. Atherden: Bentley & Drivers Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 8th edition, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 2007. 3. L. Finar: Organic Chemistry, The Fundamental Principles, Vol1&2, Pearsons Education, Inc., 2007. 4. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 5. Jerry March: Advanced Organic Chemistry Reactions Mechanisms and Structures, John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 6. Solomons and Fryhle: Organic Chemistry, 8th edition (5th reprint), John Wiley & Sons, 2007. PURPH 105: PHARMACOGNOSY - I 3 hrs. /week UNIT I a. Introduction, definition, history & scope of Pharmacognosy. b. Sources of drugs: Biological, marine, mineral and plant tissue culture as sources of drugs. c. Classification of natural drugs: Alphabetical, morphological, taxonomical, chemical, pharmacological/ therapeutical and chemotaxonomical classification of drugs. UNIT II a. Methodology of cultivation of crude drugs in detail, collection, processing & storage of crude drugs. b. Pest management and detailed study of natural pesticides and classification of pesticides. c. Adulteration of crude drugs and their detection by organoleptic, microscopic, physical, chemical and biological methods of evaluation. d. Plant harmones and their applications. UNIT III Systematic Pharmacognostic study of the following: a. Carbohydrates and derived products: Acacia, Honey, tragacanth, Isapgol, Pectin, Guar gum, Gum karaya, Starch, Sodium Alginate, Chitin, Agar b. Lipids: Bees wax, castor oil, Cocoa butter, Cod liver oil, Hydnocarpus Oil, Kokum butter, Lard, Linseed oil, Shark liver oil and wool fat. c. Proteins: Malt extract, protamine sulphate, Heparin sodium, collagen microfibrillar, Gelatin, Casein, Levodopa, Yeast.

29

UNIT IV Detailed study on source, cultivation, collection, macro, micro & powder microscopy, chemical constituents, identification, standards, adulterants and pharmacological aspects of the following. i. Leaves: Senna, Aloe, Eucalyptus, Vinca, Datura, Vasaka and Stramonium ii. Stem: Ephedra iii. Wood: Quassia iv. Bark: Cassia, cinnamon, Kurchi, Cinchona and Ashoka Study of plant fibres used in surgical dressings and related products: Cotton, jute, flax, silk, rayon & wool. UNIT V Vernecular names, macroscopy, microscopy, chemical constituents, standards and pharmacological uses of the following official plants stated in herbal Pharmacopoeia: (a). Achyranthus aspera (b). Aconitum heterophyllum (c). Adathoda zeylanica (d.) Aegele marmelos (e). Bacopa monnieri (f). Boerhavia diffusa (g). Butea monosperma (h). Cassia fistula Books Recommended: 1. T.E.Wallis: Text Book of Pharmacognosy, 5th edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd., 2005. 2. W.C.Evans: Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy, 15th edition, Saunders, Elsevier, 2007. 3. C.K. Kokate, A. P. Purohit & S. B. Gokhale: Pharmacognosy, 41st edition, Nirali Prakashan, 2008. 4. J. S. Quadry: Shah & Qadery Pharmacognosy, 14th edition, B. S. Saha Prakashan, 2009. 5. Ashutosh Kar: Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology, 2nd edition, New Age International Publishers, 2007. PURPH 106: FUNDAMENTALS OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I General introduction to Pharmaceutical Analysis - Types of Analysis, Common techniques, Instrumental methods, other techniques. Applications of Chemical Analysis Stages of Analysis, Factors affecting the choice of analytical method. Interferences-Selective precipitation, masking, selective oxidation, solvent extraction, ionexchange, chromatography Sources of impurities in pharmaceutical chemicals Errors-Determinate errors, indeterminate errors, Sources of errors and their minimization UNIT - II Study of various Pharmacopoeias with respect to Pharmaceutical Analysis - Indian Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia, European Pharmacopoeia, Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Japanese Pharmacopoeia Assay, Identification tests - Physical constants ( melting point, boiling point, refractive index, weight/millilitre, specific optic rotation,viscosity, specific surface area , swelling power, infrared absorption, sulphated ash, clarity & colour of the solution, heavy metals..,), Various types of tests official in monograph for Quantitative determinations (Limits of insoluble matter, limits of soluble matter, limits of moisture, limits of volatile matter, limits of residual solvents, aquametry, limits of non volatile matter, limits of residue on ignition, limits of loss on ignition, ash value, total ash , acid insoluble ash, sulphated ash, water soluble ash) Sampling procedures for solids, liquids ,gases & vapours

30

UNIT - III General aspects of Standardization of Pharmaceutical chemicals and products-primary standards, ideal requirements of primary standards, secondary standards, various standards employed in titrimetric analysis Reagents and Standard solutions-reagents, purification of substances, preparation of standard solutions of acids and bases, Storage of standard solutions. Calculations used in analytical chemistry, Solutions and their interconversions, Molarity ,Normality , Molality , Equivalents, oxidation numbers, Titre, Chemical stoichiometry Accuracy and precision Significant figures and Computation of analytical results, Rejection of doubtful values

UNIT - IV Balances Analytical balance, Single pan mechanical balance, electronic balance Types of weighing Weighing by difference, weighing by addition Graduated glass ware Graduated flasks,, pipettes, burettes,graduated cylinders Calibration of volumetric apparatus pipettes, burettes, volumetric flasks Desiccators and dry boxes Filtration apparatus General apparatus used - Plastic ware, metal apparatus, heating apparatus Water for pharmaceutical use UNIT - V Theoretical principles of reactions in solutions Chemical equilibrium, electrolytic dissociation, law of mass action, ionic product of water, hydrogen ion exponent, relative strengths of acids and bases ,hydrolysis of salts, buffer solutions, solubility product, common ion effect, fractional precipitation, complex ions, stability of complexes, factors affecting the stability of complexes, electrode potentials 7 Hr Indicators used in chemical analysis Neutralization indicators,redox indicators, precipitation indicators, complexometric indicators , non-aqueous indicators 2 Hr

Books Recommended: 1. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-1, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005 2. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008 3. Ashutosh Kar: Pharmaceutical Drug Analysis, 2nd editon (Reprint), New Age International Publishers, 2005. 4. K.A.Connors: A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 5. Skoog et al.: Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Thomson Buisness Information India Pvt. Ltd., 2006. 6. D. C. Garrot: The Quantitative Analysis of Drugs 3rd edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors,2005. 7. Gary.D.Christian: Analytical Chemistry, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 8. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 9. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 10. British Pharmacopoeia, 2009. 11. European Pharmacopoeia, 2008 12. Chinese Pharmacopoeia,2005

31

PURMT 107: REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Algebra: Determinants, Matrices Trigonometry: Sides and angles of a triangle, solution of triangles Analytical Geometry: Points, Straight line, circle, parabola UNIT II Differential calculus: Limit of a function, Differential calculus, Differentiation of a sum, Product, Quotient Composite, Parametric, exponential, trigonometric and Logarithmic function. Successive differentiation, Leibnitzs theorem, Partial differentiation, Eulers theorem on homogeneous functions of two variables. UNIT III Integral Calculus: Definite integrals, integration by substitution and by parts, Properties of definite integrals. UNIT IV Laplace transform: Definition, Laplace transform of elementary functions, Properties of linearity and shifting. UNIT V Differential equations: Definition, order, degree, variable separable, homogeneous, linear, heterogeneous, linear, differential equation with constant coefficient, simultaneous linear equation of second order. Books Recommended: 1. Differential calculus By Shantinarayan 2. Text book of Mathematics for second year pre-university by Prof. B.M.Sreenivas 3. Integral calculus By Shanthinarayan 4. Engineering mathematics By B.S.Grewal 5. Trigonometry Part-I By S.L.Loney PURBI 107: REMEDIAL BIOLOGY 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Introduction, General organization of plant cell and its inclusions, mitosis, meiosis, Plant tissues, Plant kingdom and its classification. UNIT II Morphology of plants, Root, Stem, Leaf and Its modifications, Inflorescence and Pollination of flowers, Morphology of fruits and seeds, Plant physiology UNIT III Plant Taxonomy of Fabaceae, Apocynaceae, Rutaceae, umbelliferae, Solanaceae, Lilliaceae, Zinziberaceae, Rubiaceae. Study of Fungi, Yeast, Penicillin and Bacteria UNIT IV Study of Animal cell, Study animal tissues, detailed study of frog UNIT V Study of Pisces, Reptiles, Aves, General organization of mammals, Study of poisonous animals

32

Books Recommended: 1. Text book of Biology by S. B. Gokhale 2. A Text book of Biology by Dr.Thulajappa and Dr. Seetaram. 3. A Text book of Biology by B.V.Sreenivasa Naidu 4. A Text book of Biology by Naidu and Murthy 5. Botany for Degree students By A.C.Dutta. 6. Outlines of Zoology by M.Ekambaranatha ayyer and T.N. Ananthakrishnan. 7. A manual for pharmaceutical biology practical by S.B.Gokhale and C.K.Kokate Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 1st semester (Practical) PURPH 111: ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND HEALTH EDUCATION (Including Remedial Biology) 3 hrs. /week General Requirements: Dissection box, Laboratory Napkin, muslin cloth, record, Observation book (100pages), Stationary items, Blood lancet. List of Experiments: 1. Study of tissues of human body (a) Epithelial tissue. (b) Muscular tissue. 2. Study of tissues of human body (a) Connective tissue. (b) Nervous tissue. 3. Study of appliances used in hematological experiments. 4. Determination of W.B.C. count of blood. 5. Determination of R.B.C. count of blood. 6. Determination of differential leucocyte count of blood. 7. Determination of (a) Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate. (b) Hemoglobin content of Blood. (c) Bleeding time & Clotting time. 8. Determination of (a) Blood Pressure. (b) Blood group. (c) ECG 9. Study of various systems with the help of charts, models & specimens (a) Skeleton system part I-axial skeleton. (b) Skeleton system part II- appendicular skeleton. (c) Cardiovascular system. (d) Respiratory system. (e) Digestive system. 10. Study of different family planning appliances. 11. Study of appliances used in experimental physiology. 12. To record simple muscle curve using gastrocnemius sciatic nerve preparation. 13. To record simple summation curve using gastrocnemius sciatic nerve preparation. 14. To record simple effect of temperature using gastrocnemius sciatic nerve preparation. 15. To record simple fatigue curve using gastrocnemius sciatic nerve preparation. 16. Detailed study of frog (For students of remedial Biology)

33

Books Recommended: 1. R. K. Goyal, M.P. Natvar & S.A. Shah: Practical Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, B.S Shah Prakashan, Ahmedabad. 2. V. G. Ranade, Text Book of Practical Physiology, PVG, Pune. 3. Anderson Experimental Physiology 4. R. K. Goyal, N. M. Patel Practical Anatomy And Physiology, 13th edition, B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahmedabad, 2008. PURPH 112: PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 3 hrs. /week a. Limit tests (any three): Limit test for chloride in sodium citrate. Limit test for sulphates in boric acid Limit test for sulphates in sodium phosphate. Limit test for iron in ammonium chloride. Limit test for iron in calcium carbonate. b. Systematic simple salt analysis of the following inorganic compounds. (any five): Sodium chloride Calcium chloride Sodium acetate Zinc sulphate Barium sulphate Barium chloride Lead nitrate Aluminium nitrate Aluminium sulphate c. Preparation of the following inorganic pharmaceutical compounds(any five): Ferrous sulphate, Alum, Magnesium carbonate Magnesium sulphate Zinc stearate Sodium salicylate Ferric ammonium citrate Precipitated calcium carbonate d. Tests for purity for the following (any two): Swelling power in bentonite Ammonium salts in potash alum. Presence of iodates in KI Books Recommended: 1. 2. A. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-1, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008

34

PURPH 113: PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY- I 3 hrs. /week I. Identification of organic compounds: Systematic qualitative analysis of monofunctional organic compounds containing-- phenols, amides, amines, carboxylic acids, aldehyde and ketones, alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons, nitrocompounds.

II. Preparation of organic compounds involving a specific organic reaction: (any five) Acetanilde / aspirin (Acetylation) Benzanilide / Phenyl benzoate (Benzoylation) P-bromo acetanilide / 2,4,6 tribromo aniline (Bromination) Dibenzylidene acetone (Condensation) 1-Phenylazo-2-napthol (Diazotisation and coupling) Benzoic acid / salicylic acid (Hydrolysis of ester) M-dinitro benzene (Nitration) 9, 10 Antharaquinone (Oxidation of anthracene) / preparation of benzoic acid from toluene or benzaldehyde 9. M-phenylene diamine (Reduction of M-dinitrobenzene) / Aniline from nitrobenzene 10. Benzophenone oxime 11. Nitration of salicylic acid Books Recommended: 1. Raj.K.Bansal; Laboratory Manual of Organic Chemistry; New Age International Pvt. Ltd. 2. Mann and Saunders; Practical Organic Chemistry; Orient Longman Pvt. Ltd. 3. Mendham.J; Vogels Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis; 6th edition;Pearson Education Publishers. 4. Vogel; Qualitative Organic Analysis; CBS Publishers. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

PURPH 114: PHARMACOGNOSY I (Including Remedial Biology) 3 hrs. /week General Requirements: Laboratory Napkin, Observation Book 150 pages, Zero brush, Needle, Blade, Match box. List of experiments: 1 Introduction to Pharmacognosy laboratory and experiments. 2 Study of cell wall constituents and cell inclusions. 3 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Datura. 4 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Senna. 5 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Cassia.cinnamon. 6 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Cinchona. 7 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Ephedra. 8 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Quassia. 9 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Clove 10 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Fennel. 11 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Coriander. 12 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Isapgol. 13 Macro, powder and microscopic study of Nux vomica.

35

Macro, powder and microscopic study of Rauwolfia. Macro, powder and microscopic study of Liquorice. Macro, powder and microscopic study of Ginger. Macro, powder and microscopic study of Podophyllum. Macro, powder and microscopic study of adathoda Macro, powder and microscopic study of Aconite Macro, powder and microscopic study of Brahmi Macro, powder and microscopic study of Apamarga Macro, powder and microscopic study of Kurchi Determination of Iodine value. Determination of Saponification value and unsaponifiable matter. Determination of ester value. Determination of Acid value. Chemical tests for Acacia. Chemical tests for Tragacanth. Chemical tests for Agar. Chemical tests for Starch. Chemical tests for Lipids.(castor oil, sesame oil, shark liver oil, bees wax) Chemical tests for Gelatin. Microscopical identification of different types of stomata T.L.C profile of the following plants a. Bacopa monnieri (b) Datura (c) Kalmegh (d) Aloes (e) Tea (f) Senna For remedial Biology students 1. Introduction of biology experiments 2. Study of cell wall constituents and cell inclusions 3. Study of Stem modifications 4. Study of Root modifications 5. Study of Leaf modifications 6. Identification of Fruits and seeds 7. Preparation of Permanent slides 8. T.S. of Senna, Cassia, Ephedra, Podophyllum. 9. Simple plant physiological experiments 10. Identification of animals 11. Computer based tutorials

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

PURPH 115: FUNDAMENTALS OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS 3 hrs. /week 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Handling of Analytical balance and electronic balances, Calibration of fractional weights Calibration of pipettes(all types), burettes, volumetric flasks Preparation and Standardization of 0.1M HCl Preparation and Standardization of 0.1N H2SO4 Preparation and Standardization of 0.1M NaOH Preparation and Standardization of 0.5 N KOH Preparation and Standardization of 0.02M KMnO4 Preparation and Standardization of 0.1N K2Cr2O7 Preparation and Standardization of 0.05M Iodine Preparation and standardization of 0.1M Sodium thiosulphate Preparation and Standardization of 0.05M EDTA Preparation and standardization of 0.1N Silver nitrate Preparation and Standardization of 0.1N Acetous perchloric acid Preparation of Ammonia-Ammonium chloride buffer (IP)

36

15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Preparation of Acetate buffer pH 4.0 (IP) Preparation of Borate buffer; Boric buffer pH 9.0 (IP) Preparation of starch iodide paper and testing its compliance (IP) Test for chlorides in reagents (USP) Determination of loss on drying of Magnesium citrate (EP) Determination of water in Belladonna herb (Chinese Pharmacopoeia)

Books Recommended: A. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-1, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005. 4. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008 5. Ashutosh Kar: Pharmaceutical Drug Analysis, 2nd editon (Reprint), New Age International Publishers, 2005. 6. Skoog et al.: Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Thomson Buisness Information India Pvt. Ltd., 2006. 7. Gary.D.Christian: Analytical Chemistry, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 8. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 9. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 10. British Pharmacopoeia, 2009. 11. European Pharmacopoeia, 2008 3.

37

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 2nd Semester (Theory) PURPH 201: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Nervous system a. Definition and classification of nervous system b. Anatomy, physiology and functional areas of cerebrum c. Anatomy and physiology of cerebellum d. Anatomy and physiology of mid brain e. Thalamus, hypothalamus and Basal Ganglia f. Spinal cord: Structure & reflexes mono-poly-planter g. Cranial nerves names and functions h. Reticular activating system, Limbic system and their functions i. Blood brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and its circulation j. Thermoregulation-Pyrexia, EEG. Sleep, Insomnia, Epilepsy, Depression, Parkinsonism UNIT - II Autonomous nervous system a. ANS Anatomy & functions of sympathetic & parasympathetic N.S. b. Neurotransmitters-chemical transmission c. Organs of special senses- Eye, Ear, Skin, Tongue & Nose d. Glaucoma, Mydriasis, Meosis, Conjunctivitis, Deafness UNIT III Endocrine system a. b. c. d. e. Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Thyroid and Parathyroid glands Pancreas and gonads Addisons diseases, Cretinism, Goiter, Myxodema, Acromegaly

Anxiety,

Schizophrenia,

UNIT - IV Reproductive system a. Male and female reproductive system b. Their hormones Physiology of menstruation c. Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis d. Sex determination (genetic basis) e. Pregnancy and maintenance and parturition Urinary system a. Anatomy and physiology of urinary system b. Structure of Nephron and Formation of urine c. Renin Angiotensin system Juxtaglomerular apparatus - acid base Balance d. Clearance tests and micturition UNIT - V 1) Basic principles of cell injury and Adaptation a. Causes, Pathogenesis and morphology of cell injury b. Abnormalities in lipoproteinaemia, glycogen infiltration and glycogen storage diseases

38

2) Inflammation a) Pathogenesis of acute inflammation, Chemical mediators in inflammation, Types of chronic inflammation b) Repairs of wounds in the skin, factors influencing healing of wounds 3) Diseases of Immunity a) Immune systems. Immuno component cells and their development b) Autoimmune disorders c) Hypersensitivity 4) Cancer: a) Differences between benign and malignant tumors b) Histological diagnosis of malignancy, invasions and metastasis, patterns of spread, disturbances of growth of cells, c) Classification of tumors, general biology of tumors, etiology and pathogenesis of cancer. 5) Types of shock, mechanisms, stages and management 6) Biological effects of radiation Books Recommended: 1. Gerard J. Tortora and Bryan H. Derrickson: Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Vol. 1 & 2, 12th edition, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2009. 2. A.Waugh and A. Grant Ed.: Ross and Wilsons Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness, 10th edition (2nd reprint), Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, Edinburgh, 2008. 3. Arthur C. Guyton and John E. Hall: Text Book of Medical Physiology, 11th edition, Saunders, Elsevier, 2006. 4. C. C. Chatterjee: Human Physiology, Volume 1& 2, 11th edition (7th reprint), Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta, 2004. 5. K. Sembulingam and P. Sembulingam: Essentials of Medical Physiology, 5th edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2010. 6. S. K. Chaudhury: Concise Medical Physiology, 5th edition (1st reprint), New Central Book Agency, Kolkata, 2006 7. W. F. Ganong: Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2005. 8. Grays anatomy 39th edition, Churchill Livingstone - Elsevier, London,2005. 9. Roger and Walker Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 4th edition, Churchill Livingstone Publication, 2007. 10. Cotran, Kumar, Robbins: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th edition, Elsevier India Pvt.Ltd, 2007. 11. Harsh Mohan: Text book of Pathology 12. Y.M. Bhinde: Text book of Pathology PURPH 202: PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Introduction to the science of microbiology including the history and scope of microbiology. Major divisions of microbial world and Relationship among them. Morphology, functions and detailed study of bacteria, virus, fungi, spirochetes and rickettsiae Differences between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell UNIT - II Nutritional requirements, growth and cultivation of bacteria and virus. Study of different important media required for the growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria & fungi. Different techniques used in isolation and maintenance of bacterial cultures Identification of bacteria with emphasis to different staining techniques and biochemical reactions. Different methods in counting of bacteria -Total and Viable counting techniques. Microbial limit tests (Official in I.P)

39

UNIT - III Microbial genetics including basis of heredity, nucleic acids information, storage and transfer. DNA replication, Protein synthesis, transcription and translation. Introduction to Mutagens along with different types of mutations and their effects. Microbial transformation, transduction, conjugation and protoplast fusion. UNIT - IV Microbiology of foods including food spoilage and food preservation. Microbiology of Water and Milk. Industrially significant microbes and microbial enzymes. UNIT - V Infection, different types of infections. Progress, transmission and establishment of disease. Bacterial Diseases: Diphtheria, Pertusis, Tuberculosis, Anthrax and Gas-gangrene. Rickettsial disease: Typhus. Viral Diseases: Pneumotropic, Dermotropic, Viscerotropic and Neurotropic viral diseases along with few examples. Fungal and sexually transmitted diseases: Candidiasis, dermatomycosis, blastomycosis, gonorrohea and syphilis Books recommended 1. Prescott, Harley & Klein: Microbiology, 6th edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2005. 2. Doyle et al.: Food Microbiology 2nd edition, ASM Press, 2001. 3. B. S. Nagoba: Clinical Microbiology 1st edition (Reprint), B I Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2005. 4. I. E. Alcammo: Fundamentals of Microbiology, 6th edition, Jones & Bartlett, 2000. 5. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, The Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 6. David green wood: Medical Microbiology, 16th edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2006. 7. Jacquelyn G.Black: Microbiology Principles and explorations, 5th edition, , John Willey & Sons, 2000. 8. Pelczar et al.: Microbiology, 5th edition, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 2007. 9. Ananthanaryanan and J. Paniker: Text Book of Microbiology 8th edition, Orient Longman, 2009.

PURPH 203: PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - II 3 hrs/ week UNIT - I 1. Nucleophilic addition reactions, structure versus reactivity of aldehydes and ketones, acidity of alpha hydrogens and carbanion addition reactions, haloform reaction of methyl ketones. Nucleophilic addition reactions in aldehydes and ketones, mechanisms with examples. Mechanisms of Aldol condensation, crossed Aldol condensation, Claisen condensation, Cannizaro reaction, crossed Cannizaro reaction, benzoin reaction, Perkins reaction, Knoevenagels reaction and Reformatsky reaction. 2. Oxidation and reduction reactions.

40

UNIT - II 1. Study of the following official compounds- preparation, test for purity, assay and medicinal uses of Chlorbutol, Dimercaprol, Glyceryl trinitrate, Urea, Ethylene diamine dihyrate, Vanillin, Paraldehyde, Ethylene chloride, Lactic acid, Tartaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, aspirin, methyl salicylate, ethyl benzoate, benzyl benzoate, dimethyl pthalate, sodium lauryl sulphate, saccharin sodium, mephensin. 2. Polynuclear hydrocarbons: Synthesis(Haworths and DielsAlder), properties and reactions of naphthalene,phenanthrene and anthracene. Structure and medicinal uses of Propranolol, Tolnaftate, Menadione, Naphazoline, Phenindione, Morphine and Codeine. UNIT - III 1. Heterocyclic chemistry: Introduction to heterocyclic systems, nomenclature and numbering of heterocyclic compounds. General methods of preparation and important reactions of five membered and six membered heterocyclic systemsfuran, pyrrole, thiophene, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline and indole. 2. Acquaintance with the following heterocyclic systems commonly encountered in therapeutic agents with suitable examples.aziridine, thiadiazole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, pyridazine, pyrimidine, piperazine, piperidine, benzothiazole, purine, benzimidazole, indole, benzothiadiazine, pteridine, pthalazine, quinazoline, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzopyran, benzodiazepines, phenothiazines, acridine, thioxanthene. UNIT - IV A study of the development of the following classes of drugs including SAR, mechanism of action and synthesis of important compounds: a) Local anti-infective agents b) Preservatives c) Antifungal agents d) Urinary tract anti-infectives e) Antitubercular and antileprotic agents f) Antiprotozoal agents g) Antimalarial agents h) Anthelmentics UNIT - V 1. Sulphonamides and sulphones 2. Antibiotics. Books recommended 1. J. H. Block and J. M. Beale: Wilson and Gisvolds Text book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 11th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004. 2. William et al. Foyes Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 6th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2008. 3. D. J. Abraham Ed.: Burgers Medicinal Chemistry & drug Discovery, 6th edition, Vol 1 to 6, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2007. 4. R. T. Morrison and R. Boyd: Organic Chemistry, 6th edition (5th Indian edition), Pearsons Education, Inc., 2004. 5. Indian Pharmacopoeia 1985 and 1996. The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi - 54. 6. Current Index of Medical Specialities (CIMS) and MIMS India, MIMS, A.E. Morgan Publications (I) Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi-19.

41

PURPH 204: PHYSICAL PHARMACY I 3 hrs/week UNIT - I Matter, Properties of Matter : State of matter, change in the state of matter, latent heats and vapour pressure, sublimation, critical point, eutectic mixtures, gases, aerosols, inhalers, relative humidity, liquid complexes, liquid crystals, glassy state, solids- crystalline, amorphous and polymorphism. . UNIT II Thermodynamics: First, second and third laws, Zeroth law, absolute temperature scale, thermochemical equations, phase equilibria and phase rule. UNIT - III Solutions : Ideal and real solutions, Henrys law, solution of gases in liquids, colligative properties, Colligative properties and determination of molecular weight, partition coefficient, Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation, conductance and its measurement. Vant Hoff Theory of Solution, Degree of dissociation,Ionic strength and Debye Huckel theory. pH, Buffers and Isotonic solution: Sorensens pH scale, Determination of pH, Application, Common ion effect, pH indicators, Buffer equations and buffer capacity, Buffer action Mechanism, Buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, buffered isotonic solutions, measurements of tonicity, calculations and methods of adjusting isotonicity. UNIT -IV Surface and Interfacial Phenomenon : Liquid interface, surface and interfacial tensions, surface free energy, measurement of surface and interfacial tensions, spreading coefficient, adsorption at liquid interfaces, surface active agents, Critical Micelle Concentration, Influence of CMC on the physical properties of surfactant solution, Factors effecting CMC, HLB classification, solubilization, detergency, adsorption at solid interfaces, solid-gas and solidliquid interfaces, complex films, electrical properties. Adsorption: Freudlich and Gibbs adsorption isotherms, Langmuir theory of adsorption, BET equation. UNIT - V Solubility & Distribution Phenomena: Solubility expression, Solvent- solute interactions, Solubility of gases in liquid, Factors effecting the solubility of gases in liquid, Solubility of liquid in liquid, ideal & real solutions, Ternary systems, Solubility of solids in liquids, Ideal & Non-Ideal solutions, Factors effecting, Nernsts distribution law, its application, Measurement of PartitionCoefficient, Effect of molecular association and ionic association on partition Co-efficient, Application of distribution co-efficient Books recommended 1. Patrick J. Sinko Ed.: Martins Physical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009. 2. E. Shotton: Physical Pharmaceutics, 1st Indian edition, Oxford University press, London, 2008. 3. CVS Subrahmanyam: Essentials of Physical Pharmacy, 1st edition (3rd reprint), Vallabh Prakashan, 2007. 4. D. V. Derle: Essentials of Physical Pharmacy, 1st edition (2nd reprint), PharmaMed Press, 2009. 5. S. P. Agarwal and Rajesh Khanna: Physical Pharmacy, 1st edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors, 2006. 6. CVS Subrahmanyam: Text Book of Physical Pharmaceutics, 2nd edition, Vallabh Prakashan, 2008.

42

PURPH 205: MEDICINAL BIOCHEMISTRY 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Introduction to biochemistry: Cell and its biochemical organization, transport process across the cell membranes. Energy rich compounds; ATP, Cyclic AMP and their biological significance. Enzymes: Definition; Nomenclature; IUB classification; Factor affecting enzyme activity; Enzyme action; enzyme inhibition. Isoenzymes and their therapeutic and diagnostic applications; Coenzymes and their biochemical role and deficiency diseases.

UNIT - II Carbohydrate metabolism: Glycolysis, Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle), HMP shunt, Glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis. Metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (diabetes mellitus and glycogen storage diseases); Glucose, Galactose tolerance test and their significance; hormonal regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Lipid metabolism: Oxidation of saturated (-oxidation); Ketogenesis and ketolysis; biosynthesis of fatty acids, lipids; metabolism of cholesterol; Hormonal regulation of lipid metabolism. Defective metabolism of lipids (Atheroslerosis, fatty liver, hypercholesterolemia). Biological oxidation: Coenzyme system involved in Biological oxidation. Electron transport chain (its mechanism in energy capture; regulation and inhibition); Uncouplers of ETC; Oxidative phosphorylation;

UNIT - III Protein and amino acid metabolism: protein turn over; nitrogen balance; Catabolism of Amino acids (Transamination, deamination & decarboxylation). Urea cycle and its metabolic disorders; production of bile pigments; hyperbilirubinemia, porphoria, jaundice. Metabolic disorder of Amino acids. Nucleic acid metabolism: Metabolism of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides; Protein synthesis; Genetic code; inhibition of protein synthesis; mutation and repair mechanism; DNA replication (semiconservative /onion peel models) and DNA repair mechanism.

UNIT - IV Introduction to clinical chemistry: Cell; composition; malfunction; Roll of the clinical chemistry laboratory. The kidney function tests: Role of kidney; Laboratory tests for normal function includesa) Urine analysis (macroscopic and physical examination, quantitative and semiquantitative tests.) b) Test for NPN constituents. (Creatinine /urea clearance, determination of blood and urine creatinine, urea and uric acid) c) Urine concentration test d) Urinary tract calculi. (stones) Liver function tests: Physiological role of liver, metabolic, storage, excretory, protective, circulatory functions and function in blood coagulation. a) Test for hepatic dysfunction-Bile pigments metabolism. b) Test for hepatic function test- Serum bilirubin, urine bilirubin, and urine urobilinogen. c) Dye tests of excretory function. d) Tests based upon abnormalities of serum proteins. e) Selected enzyme tests.

43

UNIT - V Lipid profile tests: Lipoproteins, composition, functions. Determination of serum lipids, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Immunochemical techniques for determination of hormone levels and protein levels in serum for endocrine diseases and infectious diseases. Radio immuno assay (RIA) and Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) Electrolytes: Body water, compartments, water balance, and electrolyte distrubution. Determination of sodium, calcium potassium, chlorides, bicarbonates in the body fluids. Books recommended 1. Harpers review of biochemistry - Martin 2. U. Satyanarayana and U Chakrapani: Biochemistry, 3rd edition, Books and Allied (P) Ltd., 2008. 3. Text book of clinical chemistry- Alex kaplan &Laverve L.Szabo 4. Principles of biochemistry -- Lehninger 5. Text book of biochemistry -- Ramarao 6. Practical Biochemistry-David T.Plummer. 7. Practical Biochemistry-Pattabhiraman.

PURPH 206: CHEMICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 Hrs. /Week UNIT - I Balances- different types and weighing. Calibration of analytical equipment used in volumetric analysis Ionic equations of solutions, stoichometric and analytical problems, determination of normality, percentage purity, molarity, molality and their interconversions. Computation of analytical results, significant numbers, rejection of doubtful values, Accuracy, Precision, sources of errors and their rectification. Theoretical basis of quantitative analysis- electrolytic dissociation, Law of mass action and its applications, relative strength of acids and bases, hydrolysis of salts, buffer solutions, common-ion effect, solubility product UNIT II Theoretical consideration and application in drug analysis and quality control of the following techniques Acid base titrations Oxidation-Reduction titrations Precipitation titrations A study of the principles and method of analysis of the following compounds by different titrimetric methods Formaldehyde, Borax, Ammonium chloride (Acid-base) Ascorbic acid (with 2,6,DCPIP), Copper sulphate (Redox) Sodium chloride, Mercuric oxide (Precipitation)

44

UNIT - III Theoretical consideration and application in drug analysis and quality control of the following techniques Complexometric titrations Non-aqueous titrations Gravimetry A study of the principles and method of analysis of the following compounds by different titrimetric methods Magnesium sulphate, Dried Aluminium hydroxide (Complexometry) Bisacodyl, Ethosuximide (Non-aqueous) Thiamine as silico tungstate, Magnesium as Pyrophosphate (Gravimetry)

UNIT - IV Miscellaneous methods of analysis- Sodium nitrite titrations, Principle of Kjeldahl method of nitrogen estimation, Determination of moisture content Drying, Distillation, Karl-Fischer titration, Oxygen flask combustion, Gasometry (Principles of gas analysis), Radioimmunoassay assay

UNIT - V Potentiometry-Electric potential, electro chemical cell, reference electrodes, indicator electrodes, measurement of potential and PH, construction and working of electrodes, potentiometric titrations, method of deduction of end- point. Conductometry- Introduction, conductivity cell, conductometric titrations, applications. Polarography- Instrumentation,DME,residual current, diffusion current and limiting current,polarographic wave, Ilkovics equation, effect of oxygen on polarographic wave,polarographic maxima and suppressors, applications. Amperometry-Introduction, types of electrodes used, reference and indicator electrode, instrumentation, titration procedure, advantages and disadvantages of amperometry over potentiometry, Pharma applications.

45

Books recommended 1. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008. 2. A. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-1, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005. 3. Skoog,West et al.: Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Thomson Buisness Information India Pvt. Ltd., 2006. 4. Ashutosh Kar: Pharmaceutical Drug Analysis, 2nd editon (Reprint), New Age International Publishers, 2005. 5. Gary.D.Christian: Analytical Chemistry, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 6. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 7. Y.Anjaneyulu, K.Chandrasekhar et al , A text book of analytical chemistry Pharma book syndicate,2006. 8 K.A.Connors , A text book of pharmaceutical analysis 3rd edition, John Wiley& Sons, 2007. 9 L.G.Chatten,Pharmaceutical Chemistry-Theory and application Volume 1,1st edition,CBS publishers and distributors

46

PURPH 207: COMMUNITY PHARMACY 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Definition, scope, of community pharmacy. Roles and responsibilities of Community pharmacist Community Pharmacy Management a) Selection of site, Space layout, and design b) Staff, Materials- coding, stocking c) Legal requirements d) Maintenance of various registers e) Use of Computers: Business and health care soft wares Prescriptions parts of prescription, legality & identification of medication related problems like drug interactions. UNIT - II Inventory control in community pharmacy Definition, various methods of Inventory Control ABC, VED, EOQ, Lead time, safety stock Pharmaceutical care Definition and Principles of Pharmaceutical care. Code of ethics for community pharmacists UNIT - III Patient counseling: Definition, outcomes, various stages, barriers, Strategies to overcome barriers, Patient information leaflets- content, design, & layouts, advisory labels Patient medication adherence: Definition, Factors affecting medication adherence, role of pharmacist in improving the adherence. UNIT - IV Health screening services Definition, importance, methods for screening Blood pressure/ blood sugar/ lung function and Cholesterol testing OTC Medication- Definition, OTC medication list & Counseling

UNIT V Health Education: WHO Definition of health, and health promotion, care for children, pregnant & breast feeding women, and geriatric patients. Commonly occurring Communicable Diseases, causative agents, Clinical presentations and prevention of communicable diseases Tuberculosis, Hepatitis, Typhoid, Amoebiasis, Malaria, Leprosy, Syphilis, Gonorrhea and AIDS Balance diet, and treatment & prevention of deficiency disorders Family planning role of pharmacist Responding to symptoms of minor ailments: Relevant pathophysiology, common drug therapy to,Pain, GI disturbances (Nausea, Vomiting, Dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation), Pyrexia, Opthalmic symptoms, worms infestations. Essential Drugs concept and Rational Drug Therapy. Role of community pharmacist

47

Books recommended 1. N.S.Parmar: Health Education and Community Pharmacy, 1st edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors,2008. 2. K. Wiedenmayeret al.: Developing Pharmacy Practrce A Focus On Patient Care, Handbook 2006 edition, World Health Organization and International Pharmaceutical Federation, 2006. (www.whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_PSM_PAR_2006.5_eng.pdf) 3. M. Ali & J. Gupta: Drug Store & Business Management, 1st edition (Reprint), CBS Publishers & Distributors, 2008. 4. Parthasarathi et al. Ed.: A Textbook of Clinical Practice Essential Concepts and Skills, 1st edition (Reprint), Orient Longman Pvt. Ltd., 2007. 5. Leon Shargel et al. Ed.: Comprehensive Pharmacy Review, 6th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008. 6. Handbook of pharmacy health care.Edt. Robin J Harman. The Pharmaceutical press. Special requirements: 1. Either the college is having model community pharmacy (meeting the schedule N requirement) or sign MoU with at least 4-5 community pharmacies nearby to the college for training the students on dispensing and counselling activities. 2. Special equipments like B.P apparatus, Glucometer, Peak flow meter, and apparatus for cholesterol estimation. Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 2nd Semester (Practical) PURPH 211: PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY 3 hrs. /week Biosafety Methods and Good Laboratory Practices. Introduction to Microscopy Preparation of different types of Media Different inoculation techniques Effect of physical and chemical agents on bacterial growth. Study of Motility Characters by using hanging drop method Methods of isolation of pure culture. Enumeration of micro- organisms (Total and Viable). Biochemical tests for identification of micro-organisms Indole test b) Methyl red test c) Voges-Proskauer test d) Citrate Utilization test Starch Hydrolysis test and f) Gelatin Liquefaction test. Oligo-Dynamic action of Heavy metals. Different Staining techniques Simple staining, Grams staining, Negative staining and endospore staining. Identification of Unknown bacteria from infected samples. Microbiology of Milk and water. Antibiotic Sensitivity testing. Books recommended 1. Laboratory Manual in Microbiology Cappuccino Sherman. 2. Laboratory Manual in General Microbiology: N. Kannan. 3. Laboratory Manual in Microbiology : P.gunasekaran

48

PURPH 212: PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - II 3 hrs. /week Systematic analysis of multifunctional organic compounds.(any five ) Binary mixture analysis (any five mixtures). Preparation of organic compounds like: Methyl orange Picric acid m-dinitro benzene 2,4,6-tribromo aniline Books recommended 1. Raj.K.Bansal; Laboratory Manual of Organic Chemistry; New Age International pvt. Ltd. 2. Mann and Saunders; Practical Organic Chemistry; Orient Longman pvt. Ltd. 3. Mendham.J; Vogels Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis; 6th edition; Pearson Education Publishers. 4. Vogel; Qualitative Organic Analysis; CBS Publishers. PURPH 213: MEDICINAL BIOCHEMISTRY (PRACTICAL) 3 hrs. /week Title of the Experiment: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Qualitative analysis of normal constituents of urine.* Qualitative analysis of abnormal constituents of urine.* Quantitative estimation of urine sugar by Benedicts reagent method.** Quantitative estimation of urine chlorides by Volhard's method.** Quantitative estimation of urine creatinine by Jaffes method.** Quantitative estimation of urine calcium by precipitation method.** Quantitative estimation of serum cholesterol by Libermann Burchards method.** Preparation of Folin Wu filtrate from blood.* Quantitative estimation of blood creatinine.** Quantitative estimation of blood sugar Folin-Wu tube method.** Estimation of SGOT in serum.** Estimation of SGPT in serum.** Estimation of Urea in Serum.** Estimation of Proteins in Serum.** Determination of serum bilirubin** Determination of Glucose by means of Glucoseoxidase.** Enzymatic hydrolysis of Glycogen/Starch by Amylases.** Study of factors affecting Enzyme activity. (pH & Temp.)** Preparation of standard buffer solutions and its pH measurements (any two)* Experiment on lipid profile tests** Determination of sodium,calcium and potassium in serum.**

** indicate major experiments & * indicate minor experiments

49

PURPH 214: PHYSICAL PHARMACY I 3 hrs. /week 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Determination of Dissociation Constant (pKa) Preparation and testing of Buffer Capacity Determination of Specific gravity Determination of Density Determination of Bulk density of powder To study the effect of salt (NaCl) in different concentration on the density of water at room temperature 7) Determination of Partition Co-efficient of Iodine between Carbon Tetrachloride and Distilled Water, effect of additives 8) Determination of Distribution Co-efficient involving Association 9) Determination of Spreading coefficient 10) Construction of Phase diagram of Phenol-Water system, effect of impurities 11) Construction of Ternary phase diagram 12) Determination of Surface and Interfacial Tension using Stalagometer 13) Measurement of CMC of a surfactant 14) Determination of Hydrophilic- Lipophilic number 15) Determination of Kraft point and Cloud point 16) Effect of co-solvent on Solubility 17) Effect of temperature on solubility of solid in liquid 18) Determination of Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm constant 19) Determination of Molecular Weight of a substance by Rast- Camphor method 20) Determination of Molecular Weight of a volatile substance by Victor- Mayer method PURPH 215: CHEMICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 hrs. /week 1. Calibration of analytical weights 2. Acid-base titrations Standardization of HCl, H2SO4, NaOH Assay of Sodium bicarbonate Assay of Boric acid Assay of Borax Assay of Aspirin Assay of Zinc oxide 3. Redox titrations Standardization of KMnO4, Iodine Assay of Ferrous sulphate Assay of Sodium nitrite Assay of Analgin tablets Assay of Sodium meta bisulphite 4. Precipitation titrations Standardization of Silver nitrate Assay of Potassium chloride Assay of Ammonium thiocynate 5. Complexometric titrations Standardization of EDTA Determination of hardness of water Assay of Calcium gluconate injection

50

6. Non-Aqueous titrations Standardization of Perchloric acid Assay of Thiamine hydrochloride Assay of Metronidazole 7. Gravimetry Determination of Sulphate as Barium sulphate Determination of Chloride as Silver chloride 8. Determination of water content by Karl Fischer electrometric titration method 9. Potentiometric analysis Determination of pH of two solutions Titration of a strong acid against a strong base Titration of a strong base against a weak acid Potentiometric assay of any two formulations from IP 10. Conductometric determination of equivalent point of titration of HCl with NaOH Books recommended 1. K.A.Connors , A text book of pharmaceutical analysis 3rd edition, John Wiley& Sons, 2007 2. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008 3. Ashutosh Kar: Pharmaceutical Drug Analysis, 2nd editon (Reprint), New Age International Publishers, 2005. 4. A. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-1, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005 5. Gary.D.Christian: Analytical Chemistry, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 6. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007

51

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 3rd Semester (Theory) PURPH 301: DISINFECTION, STERILIZATION & IMMUNOLOGY 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Sterilization: Detailed study of different methods of sterilization including merits and demerits. 1) Different Sterilization methods for all Pharmaceutical products 2) Sterility testing of different Pharmaceutical products and brief information on Validation 3) Concept of asepsis and maintenance of aseptic conditions. UNIT - II Disinfection: Study of disinfectants, antiseptics, fungicidal, virucidal agents 1) Factors affecting their activation & mechanism of action 2) Dynamics and Evaluation of disinfectants 3) Evaluation of Preservatives in Pharmaceutical preparations UNIT - III Immunology: Immunity, definition, classification, general Principles of Natural Immunity 1) Phagocytosis, acquired immunity(active and passive) 2) Antigens and its chemical nature 3) Structure and formation of antibodies 4) Antigen-Antibody reactions and hypersensitive reactions 5) Bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins 6) Significance of toxoids in active immunity 7) Immunization programme and importance of booster dose UNIT - IV Diagnostic tests: Shicks test, Elisa test, western blot test, southern blot test, PCR Widal test, QBC, Mantaux Peripheral Smear test and study of Malarial Parasite. UNIT - V Immunotechnological Techniques: Introduction to Auto immune disease 1) Role of lymphokines and cytokines 2) Hybridoma technology 3) Bone marrow transplantation 4) Separation and identification of Protein or Antigen Books recommended 1. Ananthanaryanan and J. Paniker: Text Book of Microbiology 8th edition, Orient Longman, 2009. 2. Pelczar et al.: Microbiology, 5th edition, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 2007. 3. Medical Immunology by Tristram 4. Immunology clinical Laboratory Manual Series BY Juanita Smith 5. Indian Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India, 1996, 2007 6. A Bentleys text book of Pharmaceutics, Rawlins E.A. 7. A text book of Microbiology, Prescott L.M. 8. Disinfection,Sterilisation and Preservation, Seymour S Block 9. Clinical Aspects of Immunology , Lacman 10. Immunology and Immunotechnology, Ashim K.Chakravarty

52

PURPH 302: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS & PROGRAMMING 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Introduction: Characteristics and Evolution of Computers, The Computer Generations. Basic Computer Organization: Input Unit, Output Unit, Storage Unit, Arithmetic Logic Unit, Control Unit, Central Processing Unit, The System Concept- Secondary Storage Devices Learning the Internet What is Internet? Scope of Internet Surfing the Net Creating Icon of ISP on Desktop Connecting to the Internet Sending, Receiving, Replying, Closing Emails using Outlook Express - Browsing the WWW Opening an Email account Email with Attachment Sending, Viewing Internet Relay Chat Instant Messenger Downloading from the Internet Online shopping Steps for Online Shopping Wireless Internet Computer Virus Antivirus Software General Virus Types Practice Safe Computing to Avoid Virus Attack Disconnecting from the Internet Other Internet Connection Services List of Popular Websites Conclusion Demonstration of sites of pharmaceutical interest such as http.//www.fda.goweder, http://www.phyarmpro.com, http://www.pharmacy.org etc UNIT II Variables and Expressions: Introduction Character Set Identifiers and Keywords Variables Displaying Variables Characters and Character Strings Qualifiers Types of Statement Promotion and Typecasting Value initialized Variables Constants Const Qualifier Operators and Expressions Operators and Precedence and Associativity Programming Examples . Basic Input-Output: Introduction Single Character Input output String Input and OutputGeneral Output General Input Types of Characters in Format Strings scanf Width Specifier Search Sets The Assignments Suppressions Characters Format Specifies for scanf Input fields for Scanf When Scanf Stops Scanning. UNIT III Control Structures: Introduction if Statement if-else Statement Multi way Decisions Compound Statements Loops for Loop while Loop do-while Loop break Statement switch Statement continue Statement go to Statement Programming Examples Arrays and Strings: Introduction How Arrays are Useful Multidimensional Arrays Strings Arrays of Strings Functions in String h programming Examples. UNIT IV Functions: Introduction Function Main Where are Functions Useful? Functions Accepting More Than One Parameter User Defined and Library Functions Concepts Associated With Functions Function Parameters Return Values Recursion Comparison of Iteration and Recursion Variable length Argument Lists Programming Examples. UNIT V Pointers: Introduction- Definition and use of pointers- Address Operator- Pointer variablesMemory Models in DOS- Pointers to Pointers- Pointers and Arrays- Passing arrays to functionspointers and functions- Accessing arrays inside functions. Books recommended 1. Computer Fundamentals; Pradeep .K.Sinha : BPB Publications 4th Edition 2. Programming with C; K R Venugopal, Sudeep R Prasad, Sixteenth reprint 2004 3. Computer Fundamentals; Rajaraman V. 4. Introduction To Computers; Peter Norton 5. Programming in C; E. Balaguruswamy

53

PURPH 303: PHYSICAL PHARMACY II 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Kinetics:Rate and order of a reaction, mathematical concept of zero order, first order, and seudo-first order reactions; determination of order; half-life, shelf-life and their usefulness; factors ffecting rate of reactions; decomposition & stabilization of medicinal agents; accelerated stability analysis; application of chemical kinetics; simple numerical problems. UNIT - II Rheology: Newtonian & non-Newtonian systems; thixotropy & measurement of thixotropy; rheopexy, viscoelasticity, psychorheology; determinatrion of rheological properties; application to pharmacy. Micromeretics & powder rheology Particle size & size distribution; methods of determining particle size; particle shape & surface area, method of determining surface area; derived properties of powders: porosity, density, compressibility, bulkiness; flow properties of powders; simple numerical problems; importance of particle size & size distribution in pharmacy. UNIT - III Diffusion and dissolution: Introduction; types of diffusion, laws of diffusion, concept of steady state, diffusion study, pH partition hypothesis in drug diffusion; dissolution studies, dissolution testing, official apparatus used for dissolution testing, drug release from polymer matrix & granular polymer ,matrix, Hixon-Crowell cube root law, factors effecting dissolution. Colloids Definitions, classification of dispersion systems, types of colloidal system, method of preparation of colloids, purification of colloids, properties of colloids (optical, kinetic, electrical), interaction of colloids, stability of colloidal system, Schultz-Hardy rule, Gold Number, DLVO theory, lyotropic series, Donnan membrane effect, pharmaceutical application of colloids. UNIT - IV Coarse Dispersions: Suspension: Introduction, interfacial properties of suspended particles, flocculation & deflocculation in suspension, settling in suspension, sedimentation parameters, formulation of suspensions (wetting, controlled flocculation & controlled flocculation in structured vehicles), rheological considerations, preparation of suspension, physical stability of suspension, evaluation of suspension. Emulsion: Definition, types of emulsion, identification of emulsion system, theories of emulsification, emulsifying agents & their mechanism of action, physical stability of emulsion, preservation of emulsions, micro emulsions, multiple emulsions, rheology of emulsion, pharmaceutical applications. UNIT - V Complexation and protein binding: Introduction, classification of complexes, metal ion complexes, organic molecular complexes, inclusion complexes, method of analysis of complexes, jobs method of constant variation, pH titration method, distribution method, solubility method, spectroscopic method; protein binding & binding equilibrium, experimental methods for determining protein binding, factors effecting Complexation & protein binding, thermodynamic treatment of stability constant.

54

Books recommended 1. Patrick J. Sinko Ed.: Martins Physical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009. 2. E. Shotton: Physical Pharmaceutics, 1st Indian edition, Oxford University press, London, 2008. 3. CVS Subrahmanyam: Essentials of Physical Pharmacy, 1st edition (3rd reprint), Vallabh Prakashan, 2007. 4. D. V. Derle: Essentials of Physical Pharmacy, 1st edition (2nd reprint), PharmaMed Press, 2009. 5. S. P. Agarwal and Rajesh Khanna: Physical Pharmacy, 1st edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors, 2006. 6. CVS Subrahmanyam: Text Book of Physical Pharmaceutics, 2nd edition, Vallabh Prakashan, 2008. PURPH 304: MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY I 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I a. History and development of medicinal chemistry, definition and fundamental principles of drug therapy. b. Effects of the following physicochemical properties of drug molecules on biological activity: solubility, partition coefficient, hydrogen bonding, protein binding, chelation, geometrical and optical isomers, ionization and surface activity. c. General principles of drug action and drug receptor interactions. d. Drug metabolism: General pathways of drug metabolism, sites of drug biotransformation, oxidative biotransformation, oxidative, reductive, hydrolytic and conjugative reactions. Factors affecting drug metabolism. A study of the development of the following classes of drugs including SAR, classification, mechanism of action and synthesis of important compounds in unit II to V. UNIT - II a. General anaesthetics- inhalation anaesthetics, ultra short acting barbiturates, dissociative anaesthetics. b. Anxiolytics, sedative and hypnotic agents- barbiturates, benzodiazepines, amides and imides, alcohols and their carbamate derivatives, aldehydes and their derivatives. c. Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants, drugs used in spasticity. d. Antipsychoticsphenothiazines, thioxanthenes, butyrophenones, dibenzazepines, Dihydroindolenes,diphenylbutylpiperidines, benzamides, benzoquinolizines. e. Anticonvulsants- barbiturates, hydantoins, oxazolidine diones, succinimides, urea and monoacyl ureas, benzodiazepines and miscellaneous agents. UNIT - III a. Analeptics b. Antidepressants- MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants. c. Adrenergic neurotransmitters: function, structure, physicochemical properties, biosynthesis and metabolism of noradrenaline. d. Adrenergic receptors: alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, their distribution in the human body. e. Sympathomimetic agents-direct acting agents, indirect acting agents, alpha adrenergic receptor agonists, beta adrenergic receptor agonists, aliphatic amines, imidazoline derivatives. f. Adrenergic blocking agents-neuronal blocking agents (alpha adrenergic blocking agents), beta haloalkyl amines, imidazolines, beta adrenergic blocking agents.

55

UNIT - IV a. Cholinergic agents: Cholinergic neurotransmitter: function, structure, physicochemical properties, biosynthesis and metabolism of acetyl choline. Cholinergic receptors: muscarinic and nicotinic receptors, their distribution in the human body. b. Indirectly acting cholinergic agonists: cholinestrase inhibitors, irreversible inhibitors. c. Cholinergic blocking agents: parasympathetic post ganglionic blocking agents, synthetic cholinergic blocking agents, neuromuscular blocking agents UNIT - V a. Local anaesthetics: historical development, mechanism of action of local anaesthetics. Benzoic acid derivatives, amino benzoic acid derivatives, lidocaine derivatives (anilides), miscellaneous agents. b. Diagnostic agents, Radio opaque substances. Books recommended 1. J. H. Block and J. M. Beale: Wilson and Gisvolds Text book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 11th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004. 2. William et al. Foyes Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 6th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2008. 3. D. J. Abraham Ed.: Burgers Medicinal Chemistry & drug Discovery, 6th edition, Vol 1 to 6, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2007. 4. Surendra N. Pandeya: A Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry Vol. I and II, S.G. Publisher, Varanasi. 5. Indian Pharmacopoeia 1985 and 1996. The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi - 54. 6. Current Index of Medical Specialities (CIMS) and MIMS India, MIMS, A.E. Morgan Publications (I) Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi-19. 7. H. J. Roth and A. Kleemann: Pharmaceutical Chemistry Drug Synthesis, Vol. I and II 8. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol. 1 and 2, MACK Publishing Company, Easton, Pennsylvania. PURPH 305: PHARMACOLOGY-I 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I General Pharmacology a) Introduction, definition and scope of Pharmacology b) Routes of administration of drugs c) Pharmacokinetics (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Elimination) d) Pharmacodynamics-receptor and nonreceptor mediated mechanism of drug, receptor drug interactions and adverse drug reactions e) Factors modifying drug effects UNIT - II Pharmacology of Drugs acting on CNS a) Alcohol b) General anaesthetics c) Sedatives and hypnotics d) Anticonvulsants Local anaesthetics

56

UNIT - III Pharmacology of Drugs acting on CNS a) Analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents b) Opioid analgesic and antagonists c) Neurotransmitters in CNS d) CNS stimulants and Analeptics UNIT - IV Psychopharmacological Agents a) Neuroleptics b) Antidepressants c) Anxiolytics d) Hallucinogens e) Habit forming drugs and drugs of addiction UNIT - V Pharmacology of Drugs acting on ANS a) Adrenergic and anti adrenergic drugs b) Cholinergic and anti cholinergic drugs c) Ganglionic blockers d) Drugs used in myasthenia gravis e) Drugs used in parkinsonism Books recommended 1. K. D. Tripathi: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 4th edition, Jaypee Publication, Delhi, 1999. 2. R. S. Satoskar & S. D. Bhadarkar: Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 20st edition (single volume), Popular Publication, Dubai, 2009. 3. H. P. Rang & M. M. Dale, Pharmacology 4th edition, Churchill Livingstone, 1999. 4. T. W. A. Rall, A. I. S. Nies & P. Taylor Goodman and Gilmans The pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 9th Edn, Mc Graw Hill, Pergamon Press, 1996. 5. B. G. Katzung: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 9th edition. Prentice Hall, Int., 2004. 6. Shargel and Leon: Applied Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, 6th edition, Prentice Hall, London2008. 7. Richard A.Harvey pharmacology 4th edition ,Wolters Kluwer (India) Pvt.Ltd.,New Delhi,2006 8. David E.Golan principals of pharmacology lippincott Williams & wilkins ,USA,2005. PURPH 306: PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING - I 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Stoichiometry: Introduction, Basic Laws, Unit operation processes, Material & Energy balance, Molecular Unit, Mole Fraction, Gas law, Mole Volume, Primary & secondary Quantities, Equilibrium State, Rate Process, Steady & unsteady State, Dimensionless equation, Dimensionless Formula, Dimensionless group, Units & their Conversion, Different type of Graphic Representation, Mathematical Problems Fluid Flow: Fluid Statics - Hydrostatic Pressure, Definition of head, Manometers Fluid Dynamics - Types of Flow, Mechanism of Fluid Flow, Reynoldss experiment, Viscosity, Concept of boundary layer, Basic equation of fluid flow, Bernoullis Theorem & its Application, Flow meters- Orifice meter, Venturi Meter, Pitot Tube, Rotameter Valves, Measurement of flow & pressure, Energy losses in flowing fluids in pipes, Solution to simple numerical problems

57

UNIT - II Material Handling System Liquid Handling - Pipe Fittings & Valves, Pumping Equipments, Reciprocating Pump, Diaphragm Pump, Centrifugal Pump, Rotary Pump Gas Handling - Various types of fans, Blowers & compressors, Air lift pump, Screw pump, Mono pump, Peristaltic Pump Solid Handling - Construction & working of Belt conveyer, Screw conveyer, Pneumatic conveyer, Cycloidal conveyer, Chain conveyer, Bins, Bunkers Heat Transfer: Introduction, Sources of Heat, Steam & Electricity as heating media, Mechanism of heat transfer, Conduction, Fouriers law & its application, Conduction through flat wall, cylindrical surfaces & compound resistances, Forced & Natural convection, Overall surface coefficient, Heat transfer through condensing vapors, Drop-wise & film type condensation, Boiling liquids, Heat exchangers- parallel & counter current flow, Heat interchangers, Heat conservation & Insulation, Radiation, Stepan-Boltzmanns equation, Kirchhoffs law, Physical nature of surfaces, Mathematical problems on heat transfer. UNIT - III Evaporation: General principle, Basic concept of phase equilibrium, Factors effecting evaporation, Methods of supply of heat, Evaporators: Jacketed evaporator, Film evaporator, forced circulation evaporator, Multiple effect evaporator- Principle, Capacity, Economy, Evaporator accessories---wet & dry condenser, vacuum pump gauze, steam trap, entrainment, Mathematical problem. Distillation: Theory applied to binary mixture, Raoult law, Boiling point & Phase diagram, Volatility, Constant boiling mixture, Simple steam & flash distillation, Principle of rectification, Calculation of number of theoretical plates (Mc Cabe Thiel method), Azeotropic & extractive Distillation, Molecular distillation & its application, Equilibrium distillation, Differential distillation, Mathematical problems. UNIT - IV Filtration & Centrifugation: Theory of centrifugation & Kozenys equation, Filter aid & filter media, Classification of industrial filters, Construction & working of Filter press, Rotary filter, Edge filter, Meta filter, Filter leaf, Candle filter, Sterile filtration of liquids, Air filters, Effect of pressure & temp on rate of filtration, Compressibility of filter cake, Optimum cleaning cycle in batch filters, Mathematical problems, Theory & principle of Centrifugation, Classification of Industrial centrifuges, Basket, Tubular bowl, conical disc, Semi continuous & continuous horizontal centrifuge, Centrifugal sediments UNIT - V Material of Plant Construction: General study of composition, Consideration of mechanical property, Iron, Stainless Steel, glass, aluminum, Rubber & Plastics as construction material, Properties & application of materials of construction with special reference to Stainless Steel & Glass, Factors effecting choice, Materials of pharmaceutical packaging Corrosion: Classification & mechanism of corrosion, Factors, prevention & control Industrial Establishment & Hazard: Layout, Location, services, Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, Fire & Dusty hazards, Safety requirements, Industrial Dermatitis, Accidental records Books Recommended : 1. Badger & Banchero: Introduction to Chemical Engineering, 5th Reprint, McGraw, 1997 2. Sambamurthy: Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Age Int. Pvt. Ltd., 1998. 3. CVS Subrahmanyam: Pharmaceutical Engineering- Principles & Applications, 1st edition, Vallabh Prakashan, , 2007 4. Carter, Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th edition., CBS Publishers, 1972.

58

PURPH 307: PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Introduction to Management- Management Thought Functions and Principles of Management; Corporate social responsibility. UNIT- II Planning- Planning Premises, Types and Steps in Planning - Decision making and forecasting, Steps in Decision making - Management by objectives (MBO) and Decision Tree Analysis. UNIT- III Organizing- Structure, Types of Organisations, Principles of Organising, Delegation, and Decentralisation of Authority - Line and Staff functions. UNIT- IV Leading- Leadership, Styles of leadership, Theories of Leadership - Blake and Moutons Managerial Grid - Motivation, Process, Maslows, McGregor and Hertzberg Theories of Motivation. UNIT- V Controlling- Importance, Process of Controlling - Making controlling effective Techniques of Controlling. Case Study Books recommended: 1. Harold Koontz & Heinz Weirich: Management, a Global and Entrepreneurial Perspective, Tata McGraw -Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi, 2008. 2. N. Balasubrahmanian: Management Perspectives, Mac Millan India Ltd., New Delhi, 2007. 3. Burton Gene & Thakur Manab, Management Today Principles and Practice, TMH, New Delhi, 2004. 4. Charles Hill & Steven McShane: Principles of Management, TMH, New Delhi 2008. 5. McShane Hill, Principles of Management, TMH, New Delhi 2007. 6. Luis Gomez Mejia, David B Balkin, Boulder, Robert Cardy: Management, TMH, New Delhi 2008 7. Sherlakar: Principles and Practice of Management, Himalaya Publishing House Ltd., New Delhi, 2007. 8. Stoner, Freeman and Gilbert: Management, Princtice Hall of India Pvt.Ltd, New Delhi, 2007 9. Terry and Franklin, Principles of Management, AITBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2007. 10. Thomas S Bateman, Scott A Snell: Management, TMH, New Delhi, 2008. 11. Tim Hannagan: Management Concepts and Practices, Mac Millan India Ltd., New Delhi, 2007. Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 3rd Semester (Practical) PURPH 311: STERILIZATION, DISINFECTION AND IMMUNOLOGY 3 hrs. /week 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Introduction to autoclaving and Laminar air flow techniques Sterilization by autoclaving and test for sterility Sterilization by dry heat and test for its sterility Sterilisation by radiation and test for its sterility Sterilization by filtration and test for its sterility Test for sterlity I.P.1996 for Pharmaceutical Powders Test for sterlity I.P.1996 for Pharmaceutical Liquids Test for sterlity I.P.1996 for Parentrals

59

9) Phenol coefficient test 10) Evaluation of Disinfectants 11) Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Phenol 12) Microbiological assay of Antimicrobial agents and construction of standard curve 13) Immobilization Techniques of enzymes 14) Microbiological assay by turbidiometric assay 15) Estimation of Bacterial D.N.A by Spectrophotometer Books recommended 1) Microbiology : A Laboratory Manual , Cappuccino Sherman 2) Dr T.Sundar Raj: Microbiology Laboratory Manual, University of Madras 3) N.Kannan: Laboratory Manual in Microbiology , 4) K.R.Aneja: Experiments in Microbiology, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, PURPH 312: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS & PROGRAMMING 3 Hrs./Week 1. 2. 3. E-mail, creating of account, drafting, sending, attachments. Information retrieval from pharmaceutical web sites Study of simple C programmes as follows: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication of 2 Nos. Find the given Number is even or odd. Read a student name and Print it. Get a character and display the same using getchar ( ) and putchar ( ) Printing the reverse of an integer Printing the odd and even series of N numbers Get a string and convert the lowercase to uppercase and vice-versa using getchar ( ) and Putchar ( ) Finding the occurrence of a particular character in a string Accept N words and make it as a sentence by inserting blank spaces and a full stop at the end Finding the first N terms of Fibonacci sequence Printing and Multiplication tables of 2 matrices Converting a hexadecimal number into its binary equivalent. Sum of all elements in an array Find the trace of a given matrix Find the sqrt of a numbers using functions Perform the addition of 2 matrices using functions Write a program to swap two numbers using pointers Write a program to find out the smallest number in the array using pointers PURPH 313: PHYSICAL PHARMACY II 3 hrs. /week 1. 2. 3. 4. To determine the particle size and size distribution of powder by sieving method To determine the particle size and size distribution in disperse medium by microscopic method To determine the globule size of emulsion by microscopic method To determine the true density of given powder by: i. Solvent displacement method ii. Compression powder method Determination of bulk density of given powder Determination of granule density of given sample

5. 6.

60

7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

Determinations of porosity, intra-patricle porosity, interspaces and void porosity and total porosity of powder Determination of specific surface area Determination of flow properties of powder by angle of repose Determination of flow properties of powder by Carrs Index Effect of glidant on flow properties of powder Determination of compressibility index of powder Determination of viscosity of liquid using Ostwald viscometer To study the effect of temperature on viscosity To study the effect of concentration on viscosity To study the effect of impurities on viscosity To study the effect of mono-valent, di-valent, tri-valent ions on magnesium chloride sol To study the protective action of hydrophilic colloid on the precipitation of a hydrophobic colloid Determination of optimum ratio for precipitation Physical stability of suspension Physical stability of emulsion Determination of wet-point & flow point of an indiffusible solid (medicaments) Determination of rate constant Accelerated stability testing

PURPH 314: MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY- I 3 hrs. /week A. Assay of medicinally useful compounds 1. Ibuprofen by alkalimetry. 2. Diclofenac by alkalimetry. 3. Analgin by iodimetry 4. Lidocaine HCl by nonaqueous titrimetry 5. Metronidazole by nonaqueous titrimetry B. Preparation of medicinally useful compounds 1. Benzimidazole from O-phenyline diamine 2. Benzotriazole from O-phenyline diamine 3. PAS from p-nitro salicylic acid 4. Chlorbutol 5. Benzil from benzoin 6. Phenytoin from benzil 7.Benzocaine from p-amino benzoic acid C. Monograph analysis of important drugs. Books recommended 1. Indian Pharmacopoeia 1985 and 1996. The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi 2. Ashuthosh Kar: Advanced Practical Medicinal Chemistry, New Age International Pvt. Ltd. 3. Anees Ahmed Siddiqui: Experimental Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CBS Publishers

61

PURPH 315: PHARMACOLOGY - I 3 hrs. /week LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Study of laboratory animals and their handling Study of physiological salt solutions used in experimental pharmacology Study of laboratory appliances used in experimental pharmacology Drug action on the eye of the rabbit-miotics and mydriatics Dose response curve (DRC)with acetylcholine on frog rectus abdominis muscle preparation To study the effects of the drugs on intestinal motility using frogs esophagus model

7) Potentiation of acetylcholine response by Eserine on frog rectus abdominis muscle preparation 8) Inhibition of acetylcholine response by Curare/Procaine/Quinidine/ Pethidine on frog rectus abdominis muscle preparation 9) Study of use of Anaesthetics in Laboratory Animals 10) Study of routes of administration of drugs in animals. Study of principle, procedure involved and interpretation of results for the following experiments 11) Analgesic property of the drug using Anlgesiometer 12) Anti-inflammatory effect of drugs using Rat paw oedema method 13) Anticonvulsant property of the drugs using maximal electro shock and Pentylene tetrazole methods 14) Antidepressant activity of the drugs using pole climbing apparatus and Phenobarbitone induced sleeping time method 15) Locomotor activity evaluation of the drugs using Actophotometer and Rotorod Books recommended 1. S. K. Kulkarni, and P. C. Dandia: Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, Latest edition, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi. 2. L.J. Macleod: Pharmacological Experiments on Intact Preparations, Latest edition, Churchill livingstone.

62

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 4th Semester (Theory) PURPH 401: PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING - II 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Drying: Moisture content and mechanism of drying, Factors effecting drying, Calculation of rate of drying and time of drying, EMC, CMC, LOD, Classification and types of dryers, dryers used in pharmaceutical industries and special drying methods, Construction & Working of Tray dryer, Drum dryer, Fluidized bed dryer, Spay dryer, Vacuum dryer, Freeze dryer and Mathematical problems. Crystallization: Characteristics of crystals like-purity, size, shape, geometry, habit, form size and factors affecting them, Solubility curves and calculation of yield, Material and heat balances around SwensonWalker crystallizer, Super-saturation theory, nucleation mechanism, crystal growth, Study of various types of crystallizers - tank, agitated batch, Swenson Walker, Vacuum crystallizer, Krystal crystallizer, Caking of crystal and its prevention, and Numerical problems on yield. UNIT- II Size Reduction: Definition, objectives of size reduction, factors affecting size reduction, Mechanism of size reduction, Choice of degree of size reduction (from the view point of extraction), Laws governing energy & power requirement of size reduction, Classification of size reduction equipments, operation and energy aspects of various types of crushing and grinding machinery used in pharmaceutical industry such as ball mill, hammer mill, Fluid energy mill, Edge Runner mill, End Runner mill, Selection of equipment, and Mathematical problems. Size Separation: Screen, standard screen, different techniques of size separation, screen analysis, material balances, over all screen effectiveness, Types of screening equipments, selection of screening equipments, Classifiers - Laws of settling, sedimentation, principles of centrifugal sedimentation, centrifugal settling process, and Equipments used in solid-gas, solidliquid and liquid-liquid systems. UNIT- III Mixing: Theory of mixing, Mechanism of Solid-solid, solid-liquid and liquid-liquid mixing, mixing devices-Propeller, Turbine, Paddles, Baffles, Vortex formation & prevention, mixing equipments from each class Bioreactors: Fundamentals of bioreactor design for pharmaceutical operation. UNIT- IV Dehumidification and Humidity Control: Basic concepts and definition, wet bulb and adiabatic saturation temperature, Psychrometric chart and measurement of humidity, application of humidity measurement in pharmacy, Mechanism of dehumidification, Equipments for dehumidification operation, and related mathematical problems. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning: Principles, Mechanism and applications of Refrigeration and Air conditioning. UNIT- V Mass Transfer: Absorption: Gases in liquid, Henrys law, gas - absorption equipments, Numerical problems. Liquid-Liquid Extraction: Distribution law, principles of extraction, extraction equipments, selection of solvents for extraction, and Numerical problems. Solid-liquid extraction: Principle, methods of extraction, equipments Automated Process - Control System: Fundamentals of Automatic Process Control System, computer aided manufacturing (CAM)

63

Books Recommended : 1. MaCabe & Smith: Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, McGraw Hill, 1993. 2. Badger & Banchero: Introduction to Chemical Engineering, 5th Reprint, McGraw Hill, 1997. 3. Sambamurthy: Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Age Int. Pvt. Ltd., 1998. 4. Aulton, Ed.: Pharmaceutics- The Science of Dosage Form Design, ELBS, 1990. 5. Carter, Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th ed., CBS Publishers, 1972. PURPH 402: MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY II 3 hrs. /week UNIT- I 1. Analgesic agents: Structure and uses of morphine and related compounds. Synthetic derivatives of morphine, narcotic antagonists, antitussive agents. 2. Anti-inflammatory agents: Salicylic acid derivatives, N-aryl anthranilic acid derivatives, aryl acetic acid derivatives, aniline and p-amino phenol derivatives, propionic acid derivatives, pyrazolone and pyrazolidine derivatives. UNIT- II a. Anti-anginal agents and vasodilators. b. Anti-arrhythmic drugs: membrane depressant drugs, beta adrenergic blocking agents, repolarization prolongators, calcium channel blockers. c. Anti-hypertensive agents: beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, alpha1 antagonists, alpha2 agonists, miscellaneous agents. d. Anti-hyperlipidemics. e. Coagulants and anti-coagulants. UNIT- III a. Hypoglycemic agents: Biguanides, sulphonyl ureas, miscellaneous. b. Thyroid hormones and antithyroid agents. c. Steroidal hormones and adrenocorticoids. d. Diuretics: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, thiazide and thiazide like diuretics, high ceiling or loop diuretics, potassium sparing diuretics, miscellaneous agents. UNIT- IV a. Histamine and anti-histaminic agents: amino alkyl ethers, ethylene diamines, propyl amine derivatives, phenothiazine derivatives, piperazine derivatives, miscellaneous agents. b. Gastro-intestinal agents: antacids, antiulcer agents, appetizers, digestants, emetics, antidiarrhoeals and laxatives. UNIT- V Proteins, enzymes and peptide hormones: Protein hydrolysates, aminoacid solutions, protein and proteinlike compounds, enzymes, hormones and blood proteins. Commercial production of proteins, peptides and enzymes as pharmaceutical products. Books recommended 1. J. H. Block and J. M. Beale: Wilson and Gisvolds Text book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 11th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004. 2. William et al. Foyes Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 6th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2008. 3. J. Abraham Ed.: Burgers Medicinal Chemistry & drug Discovery, 6th edition, Vol 1 to 6, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2007.
4. Surendra N. Pandeya: A Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry Vol. I and II, S.G. Publisher, Varanasi.

5. Indian Pharmacopoeia 1985 and 1996. The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi - 54. 6. Current Index of Medical Specialities (CIMS) and MIMS India, MIMS, A.E. Morgan Publications (I) Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi-19.

64

PURPH 403: PHARMACOLOGY II 3 hours/ week UNIT I Pharmacology of Drugs acting on renal system a) Diuretics b) Antidiuertics c) Drugs useful in urinary tract infections UNIT II Pharmacology of Drugs acting on CVS a) Antihypertensive agents b) Vasodilators c) Antianginal agents d) Antiarrhythmics e) Cardiotonics f) Antihyperlipedemic agents UNIT III Pharmacology of Drugs acting on blood and blood forming organs a) Coagulants and Anticoagulants b) Thrombolytics and Anti platelet drugs c) Plasma substitutes d) Haemopoietics Drugs acting on immune system e) Immuno suppressants f) Immuno stimulants UNIT IV Pharmacology of Autacoids and their antagonists a) histamines and antihistaminics b) 5-Hydroxy Tryptamine and its antagonists c) Lipid derived autacoids and platelet activating factor d) Drugs used for the therapy of inflammation e) Drugs used for the therapy of allergy UNIT V Biological assays a) Principles of biological assays b) Fundamentals of biometric analysis c) Detailed study of the official bioassay methods for Adrenaline, Posterior pituitary hormones, Insulin, Gonadotrophic hormones, Cholera vaccine, Diphtheria antitoxin d) Test for pyrogens-LAL Test, Rabbit method Books recommended 1. K. D. Tripathi: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 4th edition, Jaypee Publication, Delhi, 1999. 2. R. S. Satoskar & S. D. Bhadarkar: Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 20st edition (single volume), Popular Publication, Dubai, 2009. 3. H. P. Rang & M. M. Dale, Pharmacology 4th edition, Churchill Livingstone, 1999. 4. T. W. A. Rall, A. I. S. Nies & P. Taylor Goodman and Gilmans The pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 9th Edn, Mc Graw Hill, Pergamon Press, 1996. 5. B. G. Katzung: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 9th edition. Prentice Hall, Int., 2004.

65

6. Shargel and Leon: Applied Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, 6th edition, Prentice Hall, London2008. 7. Richard A.Harvey pharmacology 4th edition ,Wolters Kluwer (India) Pvt.Ltd.,New Delhi,2006 8. David E.Golan principals of pharmacology lippincott Williams & wilkins ,USA,2005. PURPH 404: PHARMACOGNOSY II 3 hours/ week UNIT- I Introduction to Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Natural Products, Preliminary Phytochemical tests for the detection of Carbohydrates, tannins, Glycosides, Steroids, terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides and Saponins. Source, Chemical constituents, identification and economical importance of the following Resins: Benzoin, Clophony, Myrrh, Tolubalsm and Perubalsm, Asafoetida, guggul and prepared storax UNIT- II Powders of Natural Occurrence and its Significance: (Lycopodium, Pollen, Kamala, Lupulin, Cowhage and Araroba). Drugs from Mineral Origin including fossil organisms and shells (Diatomite and cuttle fish shell). Sources, Collection, Preparation, description, constituents, storage and uses of remedial agents from entire Animal Organism. (Leech, Cantharides and Cochineal). UNIT- III Allergens: Definition of allergens, types of allergens, its Skin tests, treatment and case history. Biologically active Compounds from Marine Organisms: Antiviral, Antiparasitic, Anticoagulants and Prostaglandins Natural enzymes and its economical Importance: Esterases, Carbohydrases, Nucleases, deaminases and Proteolyses (Pepsin, Pancreatin, Papain, bromelian, streptokinase and urokinase). UNIT- IV BiologicalSource,geographical Source, Cultivation, Collection,Macroscopy, Microscopy, Chemical Constituents, identification, standards, adulterants and Pharmacological uses of the following: a) Seeds: Nuxvomica, Nutmeg and Linseed b) Bulbs: Diascorea c) Fruits: Fennel, Pepper, Cardamom, Capsicum and Psorela fruits. d) Flowers: Pyrethrum e) Rhizome and Root: Liquorice,Ginseng,Coleus and Rawolfia UNIT- V Vernecular names, Macroscopy, Microscopy, Chemical Constituents, standards and Pharmacological Uses of the following official Plants 1) Curcuma longa 2) Mentha piperata 3) Eclipta alba 4) Tinospora glabra 5) Nardostachys jatamansi

66

Books recommended 1. Brady and E. Tyler: A Text Book of Pharmacognosy, 2. W.C.Evans: Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy, 15th edition, Saunders, Elsevier, 2007. 3. T.E.Wallis: Text Book of Pharmacognosy, 5th edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd., 2005. 4. C.K. Kokate, A. P. Purohit & S. B. Gokhale: Pharmacognosy, 41st edition, Nirali Prakashan, 2008. 5. Kalia: A Text Book of Industrial Pharmacognosy, 1st edition, CBS Publishing House PURPH 405: PHARMACY PRACTICE I (DISPENSING & HOSPITAL PHARMACY) 3 hours/ week UNIT I General Dispensing Procedures, Prescription: definition, various parts of prescription and their functions, handling of prescription, preliminary knowledge of important Latin terms used in the prescriptions and their translation in to English. Labeling of dispensed products, Containers, Closures & Packaging products used in dispensing. UNIT-II Pharmaceutical Calculations in Dispensing Pharmacy(Weights & Measures in Metric System only), Percentage calculation, Proportion calculation & Methods of Allegation, Proof Strength, Adjustment of Tonicity, Displacement value Posology: Definition, Factors affecting dose selection. Calculation of pediatrics, infant and geriatric doses. UNIT-III Incompatibilities definition, types, Physical, Chemical &Therapeutic, steps to overcome the incompatibility UNIT-IV Principles involved & Procedures adopted in Compounding and Dispensing of the following classes of extemporaneous pharmaceutical Preparations: Solid Dosage Forms Powders, Granules, Tablet Triturates. Liquid Dosage Forms- Mixtures, Emulsions (no details of emulsifiers & stability), Lotions, Liniments, Applications, Throat Paints, Eye Drops & Lotions, Ear Drops, Gargles & Mouthwashes. Galenicals: Definition, like infusion, Decoction, Maceration and Percolation, methods of preparation of spirits, tinctures and extracts Semi- Solid Dosage Forms- Ointments & Creams, Pastes & Jellies, Suppositories & Pessaries. . UNIT-V Sources of errors- Dispensing errors & Medication errors (Examples, Causes & safety systems to prevent occurrences of errors) Patient Counseling General considerations, Important steps & Procedures involved Books recommended 1. S.J. Cartar Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, 12th edition, CBS Publisher, New Delhi, 1987. 2. S.J. Cartar Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th edition, CBS Publisher, New Delhi, 1972. 1. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007British Pharmacopoeia, Vol. III, 2009. 3. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008.

67

4. Walter Lund Ed.: The Pharmaceutical Codex Principle and Practice of Pharmaceutics, 12th edition, CBS Publishers (India) & The Pharmaceutical Press (London), 2009. 5. M. E. Aulton: Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage Form Design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002.

PURPH 406: BIOSTATISTICS 3 hrs. /week Unit I Introduction to Biostatistics, Frequency distribution, graphical representation of data, measures of cenrtral tendency: mean, median, mode. Measures of dispersion: range, mean deviation, quartile deviation, standard deviation, coefficient of variation. UNIT II Skewness, moments and kurtosis Skewness, definition of skeweness, difference between dispersion and skewness, measures of skewress, relative measures, Karl pearsons coefficient of skewness, Bowelys coefficient of skewnwss, Kellys measures of skewness, coefficient of skewness based on moments. UNIT III Correlation and regression analysis, curve fitting Correlation, covariance, calculation of covariance, correlation analysis, correlation coefficient calculated from ungrouped data, Spearsons rank correlation coefficient, Scatter diagram, regression analysis, regression coefficients, properties of regression coefficients, standard error of estimate or prediction, linear regression line or equation, curve fitting-straight-line, 2nd degree parabola. UNIT IV Probability and Bayes theorem, Probability distribution: binominal, poisson and normal distributions, Pharmaceutical applications of binominal, poisson, normal distributions. UNIT V Sampling and test of significance: Pharmaceutical applications of students t-test, F-test, chisquare test and analysis of variance (one way classification). Books recommended 1. P.N. Arora, P.K. Malhan: Biostatistics, Himalaya Publishers 2. N.P. Bali, P.N. Gupta, C.P. Gandhi: A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Mathematics (Advanced Mathematics) Vol II, Lakshmi Publications. 3. Dr. Qazi Shorf Ahmad, Dr. Mohd. Vaseem Ismail, Shadaf Ahmad Khan: Biostatostics Lakshmi Publications Pvt. Ltd.

PURPH 407: ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Introduction - Meaning Nature Objectives Scope Functions of Financial Management.Financial Planning Financial Forecasting Financial Analysis -Funds Flow Analysis Cash Flow Analysis Ratio Analysis .- Time Value of Money - Financial Environment in India.

68

UNIT II Financing Decision -Source of Finance-Optimum Capital Structure-Cost of Different Sources of Finance-Cost of Debt-Cost of Preference Capital-Cost of Equity Share Capital-Cost of Retained Earnings-Weighted Average Cost of Capital - Leverages Financial and Operational Leverage.

UNIT III Investment Decisions: -Meaning Importance Process-Evaluation of Long Term investment Proposals- Traditional Techniques -Pay Back Period-ARR - Discounted Cash Flow Techniques:NPV, IRR, Profitability Index - Investment Appraisal Practices in India. UNIT IV Working Capital Management: Concept Importance Determinants of Working Capital Operating Cycle-Working Capital Management-Cash Management-inventory ManagementReceivable Management. UNIT V Dividend Decisions: Introduction - Dividend Policy Practices-Factors affecting Dividend Decisions-Forms of Dividends-Bonus Shares-Stock Splits. Books recommended 1. Hanif and Mukarjee: Financial Accounting, Tata Mcgraw Hills Ltd, New Delhi, 2007. 2. Jawahar Lal: Accounting for Managers, Himalaya Publishers, New Delhi, 2007. 3. P.C.Tulsian: Financial Accounting, Vol. I, Pearson Education, New Delhi. 2006. 4. Finance India, Indian Institute of Finance, New Delhi. 5. GITAM Journal of Management, GIM, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam. 6. ICFAI Journal of Accounting Research, ICFAI University Press, Hyderabad 7. Journal of Accounting and Finance, Jaipur 8. Journal of Management and Accounting Research, ICAI, New Delhi. Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 4th Semester (Practical) PURPH 411: PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING II 3 hrs. /week 1. Determination of radiation constant of Iron cylinder, Brass, Copper, Painted & non-Painted Glass 2. Evaluation of filter media, Determination of rate of filtration and Study of factors affecting filtration. 3. Determination of porosity of different pharmaceuticals. 4. Studies on grinding equipments, and testing the validity of Laws governing energy and power requirements of size reduction. 5. Experiment designed on screen analysis to determine particle-size distribution. 6. Experiment on determination of various parameters related to sedimentation. 7. Study of relative viscosity determination of liquid mixtures of various compositions & plotting of graph (Ostwald viscometer). 8. Determination of flow behavior and Reynolds number. 9. Measurement of rate of flow of fluids. 10. Determination of friction loss 11. Determination of rate of drying, free moisture content and bound moisture of solids of Pharmaceutical interest. 12. Experiments to illustrate the effects various parameters on rate of drying.

69

13. Distillation study and Boiling point diagram. 14. Determination of calorific value of Solids. 15. Determination of calorific value of Laboratory Gases. 16. Determination of flash point of Oils and Solvents. 17. Determination of overall heat-transfer coefficient.

PURPH 412: MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY II 3 hours/ week 1. Preparation of the following synthetic drugs involving two or three steps Benzocaine, Barbituric acid, Phenolphthalein, Cinchophen, Sulphanilamide, Sulphacetamide 2. Assay of the following compounds: Metronidazole, Chloroquine, Dapsone, Tolbutamide, Isoniazid, Sulpha drugs, Pentobarbitone 3. Identification tests of drugs as per the syllabus. Books recommended 1. Indian Pharmacopoeia 1985 and 1996. The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi 2. Ashuthosh Kar: Advanced Practical Medicinal Chemistry, New Age International Pvt. Ltd. 3. Anees Ahmed Siddiqui: Experimental Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CBS Publishers PURPH 413: PHARMACOLOGY II 3 hours/ week LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Bioassay of acetylcholine using isolated ileum/rectus abdominis muscle preparation by interpolation method 2. Bioassay of acetylcholine using isolated ileum/rectus abdominis muscle preparation by three point method 3. Dose response curve of histamine using isolated guinea pig ileum preparation 4. Bio assay of histamine using guinea pig ileum preparation by interpolation method 5. Bio assay of histamine using guinea pig ileum preparation by three point method 6. Action of histamine and anti histamines on isolated smooth muscle(Receptor antagonism) 7. Action of the drugs adrenaline, acetylcholine on isolated smooth muscle (physiological antagonism) 8. Test for pyrogens (Rabbit method) 9. Insulin hypoglycaemic action in rabbits or rats 10. Cardiotonic activity of drugs using isolated frog heart Books recommended 1. S. K. Kulkarni and P. C. Dandia: Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, 3rd edition, Vallabh Publisher, Delhi, 2005. 2. L.J. Macleod: Pharmacological Experiments on Intact Preparations, Latest edition, Churchill Livingstone. 3. L.J. Macleod: Pharmacological Experiments on Isolated Preparations, Latest edition, Churchill Livingstone. 4. M.N. Ghosh: Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology. Latest edition, Scientific Book Agency, Kolkata. 5. Ian Kitchen: Textbook of in Vitro Practical Pharmacology, Latest edition, Black well Scientific. 6. S. K. Kulkarni: Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, 3rd edition, Vallbh Prakashan, 2005. 7. R.K Goyal practicals in pharmacology 4th edition, B.S.Shah Prakashan publisher, Ahmedabad, 2003.

70

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 6. 7. 8. 9. 8. 9. 1)

PURPH 414: Pharmacognosy II 3 hours/ week Introduction to Ratio Values: Stomatal Index, Stomatal number, Vein Islet number, Vein termination number and Palaside ratio. Different Methods of extraction (Macceration, soxhlation and Microwave assisted extraction). Powder Microscopy(Including Mixture analysis) of the drugs studied in theory Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of some selected Crude drugs and extracts. Determination of Starch grains using lycopodium spore method. Study of Morphology of drugs included in the theory. Extraction and Isolation of Phytopharmaceuticals Hesperidin & Pectin from Orange Peel Aloin from Aloes Piperine from Black pepper Eugenol from Cinnamon leaf oil Qualitative Identification of vegetable fibers and Resins. T.L.C Profiles of the following: Curcuma longa 2) Emblica Officinalis 3) Pepper.

Books recommended 1. M.A.,Iyengar: Study of Crude Drugs, Manipal Power Press,Manipal 2. C.K.Kokate: Practical Pharmacognosy, 3. Pulok.K.mukherjee: Quality Control of Herbal Drugs. PURPH 415: PHARMACY PRACTICE I 3 hours/ week List of Experiments: 1. Syrups a. Simple Syrup I.P b. Syrup of Ephedrine HCl NF c. Syrup Vasaka IP d. Syrup of ferrous Phosphate IP e. Orange Syrup 2. Elixir a. Piperizine citrate elixir BP b. Cascara elixir BPC c. Paracetamol elixir BPC 3. Linctus a. Simple Linctus BPC b. Pediatric simple Linctus BPC 4. Solutions a. Solution of cresol with soap IP b. Strong solution of Ferric Chloride BPC c. Aqueous Iodine Solution IP d. Strong Solution of Iodine IP e. Strong Solution of ammonium acetate IP 5. Liniments a. Liniment of turpentine IP* b. Liniment of camphor IP 6. Suspensions* a. Calamine lotion b. Magnesium Hydroxide mixture BP 7. Emulsions* a. Cod liver oil emulsion

71

b. 8. a. b. c. d.

Liquid paraffin emulsion Powders Eutectic powder Explosive powder Dusting powder Insufflations

9. Suppositories a. Boric acid suppositories b. Chloral suppositories 10. Incompatibilities a. Mixtures with Physical b. Chemical & Therapeutic incompatibilities * colourless bottles required for dispensing Paper envelope (white), butter paper and white paper required for dispensing. Books recommended 1. S.J. Cartar Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, 12th edition, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 1987. 2. S.J. Cartar Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th edition, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 1972. 3. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 4. A. P. Powar: Theory & Practice of Pharmaceutics I, 1st edition, Carrier Publication, 2006. 5. British Pharmacopoeia, Vol. III, 2009 6. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 7. Walter Lund Ed.: The Pharmaceutical Codex Principle and Practice of Pharmaceutics, 12th edition, CBS Publishers (India) & The Pharmaceutical Press (London), 2009. 8. M. E. Aulton: Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage Form Design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002.

72

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 5th Semester (Theory) PURPH 501: ELECTRO CHEMICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 hours/ week UNIT I Miscellaneous methods of analysis Sodium nitrite titrations Determination of moisture content -Drying, Distillation, Karl Fisher titration Estimation of Nitrogen by Kjeldahl method Oxygen Flask combustion Gasometry Oil and Fat analysis- Introduction to fats and oils ,Acid value , Acetyl value,Saponification value, Ester value, Iodine value UNIT II Solvent extraction methods Introduction Solvent extraction systems-chelate extraction , extraction by solvation, ion pair formation extraction ,synergic extraction Mechanism of extraction Techniques of extraction-batch extraction ,continuous extraction , counter current extraction Solid liquid extraction-Soxhlet apparatus Determination of lead by dithizone method UNIT III Food Analysis Introduction Analysis of moisture or water content in various foods like butter and ghee, vegetable oils, honey Dry ashing-ash of honey, total ash of spices Analysis of fat in butter, Analysis of protein in milk, Analysis of carbohydrates in honey Adulterants in food-adulteration of vanaspathi ghee in pure desi ghee, adulteration of invert sugar in honey, adulteration of tea seed oil in the given sample of vegetable oil, adulteration of coal tar dyes in food ELECTRO CHEMICAL ANALYSIS UNIT IV Potentiometry Electric potential, electro chemical cell Reference electrodes, indicator electrodes Measurement of potential and PH Construction and working of electrodes Potentiometric titrations Method of deduction of end- point. Conductometry Introduction Conductivity cell Conductometric titrations Applications.

73

UNIT V Polarography Instrumentation Dropping Mercury Electrode (DME) Residual current, diffusion current and limiting current, polarographic wave Ilkovics equation, Effect of oxygen on polarographic wave, polarographic maxima and suppressors, Applications. Amperometry Introduction Types of electrodes used,reference and indicator electrode Instrumentation Titration procedure Advantages and disadvantages of amperometry over potentiometry, Pharma applications. Books recommended 1. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-1, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005. 2. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008. 3. Ashutosh Kar: Pharmaceutical Drug Analysis, 2nd editon (Reprint), New Age International Publishers, 2005. 4. K.A.Connors: A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 5. P. C. Kamboj: Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2nd edition, Vol-I, Vallabh Prakashan, 2007. 6. Morris B Jacobs,The Chemical Analysis Of Foods And Food Products3rd edition,CBS publishers 7. Skoog et al.: Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Thomson Buisness Information India Pvt. Ltd., 2006. 8. Gary.D.Christian: Analytical Chemistry, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 9. Chatwal & Anand: Instrumental Methods of Analysis, 5th edition,Himalaya publishing house, 2008 10. L.G.Chatten,Pharmaceutical Chemistry-Theory and application Volume 1,1st edition,CBS publishers and distributors 11. T.Riley,C.Tomlinson,Principles of Electroanalytical methods, John Wiley &Sons. 12. Alun Evans,Potentiometry and Ion Selective Electrodes, John Wiley &Sons,2008 13. Tom Riley&Arthur Watson,Polarography and other Voltammetric Methods, John Wiley &Sons,2008 14. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 15. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 16. British Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia commision, The Stationary Office,6th edition, 2009.

74

PURPH 502: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY I (SOLID DOSAGE FORMS) 3 hours/ week UNIT - I Powders and Granules: Introduction to powders and granules as dosage form, Preparation technique of powder dosage forms-Particle size and analysis, Comminution of drugs, Blending powders, Medicated powders- Aerosol powders, Insufflations, Bulk and Divided powders, Preparation requiring further treatment at time of dispensing, Types of granules- Bulk, Divided granules and Effervescent granulated salt, Manufacturing of granules UNIT - II Tablets: Introduction, Formulation of tablet, Tablet type, Tablet manufacturing: Stages in tablet formulation, Tablet presses, Technical problems during tabletting, tablet production via granulation & direct compression, Tablet testing (evaluation) & Standards. UNIT - III Tablet Coating: Introduction, Reasons for coating tablets, Types of tablet coating: Ideal characteristics, Formulation , Process details & Equipments used in film coating, Sugar coating & Press coating, Defaults in coating, Functional coatings (controlled release & enteric coating), Standards for coated tablets. UNIT - IV Hard Gelatin Capsule: Introduction, Raw materials required in manufacturing of empty capsule shell & their properties, Capsule filling & Machines used in filling, filling of Powder, Pellet, Semisolid & Liquid into empty shell, Formulation of capsule, Formulation optimization, and Evaluation of capsules. UNIT - V Soft Gelatin Capsule: Introduction to soft gelatin capsule dosage form, Rationale for the selection of softgels as a dosage form, Manufacture of soft gels, Formulation of Softgels, Properties of soft gelatin shell, Types of softgel fill materials, Product quality consideration Books recommended 1. Leon Lachman, H. A. Lieberman & J. L. Kanig : The Theory and Practice of Indusrtrial Pharmacy, 3rd edition, Varghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1991. 2. M. E. Aulton: Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage Form Design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002. 3. L. V. Allen, N. G. & Popovich H. C. Ansel: Ansels Parmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems, 8th edition, Lipincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2005 4. Rawlins, Ed.: Remingtons The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 20th edition, Lippincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2000. 5. H. A. Lieberman, Leon Lachman, J. B. Schwartz Ed.: Parmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets, 2nd edition ( Revised and Expanded), Vol. 1, 2 & 3, Marcel Dekker Inc.,Vol 1, 2 & 3, New York, 2008. 6. Walter Lund Ed.: The Pharmaceutical Codex Principle and Practice of Pharmaceutics, 12th edition, CBS Publishers (India) & The Pharmaceutical Press (London), 2009.

75

PURPH 503: PHARMACOLOGY - III 3 hours/ week UNIT - I Pharmacology of Drugs acting on gastrointestinal tract a) Digestants b) Antispasmodics c) Anti-diarrhoeal agents d) Cathartics e) Emetics-anti emetics f) Drugs used in inflammatory bowel syndrome g) Antacids and drugs used in peptic ulcers Pharmacology of Drugs acting on respiratory system a) Drugs used in asthma b) Cough suppressants UNIT - II Pharmacology of hormones and hormone antagonists a) Thyroid and anti thyroid drugs b) Insulin ,insulin analogues and oral hypoglycaemic agents c) Sex hormones and oral contraceptives d) Oxytocin and other stimulants and relaxants UNIT - III Chemotherapy a) Introduction b) Sulphonamides c) Antibiotics including Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Tetracycline, Chloemphenicol, Macrolides, Amino Glycosides, Polyene and Polypeptide antibiotics d) Quinolines and fluroquinolines e) Antifungal agents f) Antiviral agents UNIT - IV Pharmacology of Drugs used in a) Tuberculosis b) Leprosy c) Malaria d) Amoebiasis e) Pharmacology of antihelmintic drugs f) Chemotherapy of cancer UNIT - V Clinical Toxicology General principles involved in the management of poisoning Clinical symptoms and management of acute poisoning with the following agents a) Pesticide poisoning: organophosphorous compounds, carbamates, organochlorines, pyrethroids. b) Opiates overdose. c) Antidepressants d) Barbiturates and benzodiazepines. e) Alcohol: ethanol, methanol. f) Paracetamol and salicylates. g) Radiation poisoning h) Heavy metals: Arsenic, lead, mercury, iron, copper

76

Books recommended: 1. H. P. Rang & M. M. Dale, Pharmacology, 6th edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2007. 2. T. W. A. Rall, A. I. S. Nies & P. Taylor: Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th edition, Mc Graw Hill, Pergamon Press, 2006. 3. B. G. Katzung: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 9th edition, Mc Graw Hill, Singapore, 2004. 4. David E.Golan: Principals of Pharmacology, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, 2005. 5. Richard A. Harvey: Pharmacology 4th edition, Wolters Kluwer (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2006. 6. R. S. Satoskar and S. D. Bhadarkar: Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 21st edition (single volume), Popular Prakashan Publication, Dubai, 2009. 7. K. D. Tripathi: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 6th edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publication, Delhi, 2008. 8. Shargel and Leon: Applied Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, 6th Prentice Hall, London, 2008. 9. Mutschler, H. Derendorf Drug Actions Medpharm Scientific Publishers, Germany, 1995. 10. Matthew J. Ellenhorn: Ellenhorns Medical Toxicology Diagnosis and Treatment of Poisoning, 2nd edition. Williams and Willkins Publication, London. 11. V. V. Pillay: Handbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 13th edition, Paras Publication, Hyderabad, 2003. PURPH 504: PHARMACOGNOSY - III (PHYTOMEDICINE) 3 hours/ week UNIT I Definition of Phytopharmacy and its role in Herbal Drug Industry. Global regulatory status of Phytomedicine National and International trade and commerce of Herbal drugs or Phytopharmaceuticals Definition of Standardization and W.H.O Guidelines for standardization of Herbal drugs W.H.O Herbal Monographs and its Importance Good Manufacturing Practices(G.M.P) for production of Phytopharmaceuticals UNIT II Plant Tissue Culture: Introduction and Laboratory requirements for Tissue culture, Different types of Tissue Culture Media, Different Methods of Tissue culture techniques, Industrial applications of tissue culture, Definition of Bioreactor, different types of Bioreactors and Importance of bioreactors in production of secondary metabolites. UNIT III Dietary Supplements, Nutraceuticals and Herbal cosmceuticals Herbal Immuno Modulators. Traditional System of Medicine( Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani systems of Medicine Including Homeopathy, Introduction to Traditional Chinese Medicine and Aromatherapy, Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Chinese Pharmacopoeia including Importance of Materia medica UNIT IV Importance of Chromatography and Spectroscopy in Quality Control of Herbal Drugs Different Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods for analysis of Herbal Drugs High performance Thin Layer Chromatography( HPTLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Column Chromatography and Gas Chromatography. UNIT V High throughput Screening and importance of Lead molecules Role of Biological and HPTLC Markers in Plant drug analysis. Stability and Toxicity Studies of Phytomedicine

77

Books recommended 1. N.Kalia: A text Book of Industrial Pharmacognosy, 1st edition, CBS Publishers. 2. W.C.Evans: Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy, 15th edition, Saunders, Elsevier, 2007. 3. Poucher: A Text Book of Cosmetics, 4. Phillipa.Grubb: Plants for Chemicals,Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology, 5. C.K.kokate: A Text Book of Industrial Pharmacognosy, 6. Wallis: A Text Book of Industrial Pharmacognosy, 7. Quadry and Shah: A Text Book of Industrial Pharmacognosy, 8. Formulary of Ayurvedic medicine, IMPCOPS Ltd. 9. Formulary of Siddha medicine, IMPCOPS Ltd. 10. Formulary of Unani medicine ,IMPCOPS Ltd

78

PURPH 505: BIOLOGICAL PHARMACY 3 hours/ week UNIT I Hormonal Preparations: Introduction to Scope of Biological Pharmacy, Manufacture, storage and Standardization of the following glandular and Animal Products 1.Insulin and Its modified Forms 2.Chronic Gonodotrophin (CGT) and Gonodotrophin Hormones 3.Anterior and Posterior Pituitary Products 4.Thyroid Preparations 5.Liquid Extract of Liver preparations 6.Prostaglandins Importance and Urokinase UNIT II Vaccines And Sera: Introduction, General Method of Preparation, Standardization, Labelling and Packing of following vaccines : Diptheria, Perutisis and Tetanus(DPT),Thyphoid and Parathyphoid A and B, Small Pox, Polio Myelitis , B.C.G Vaccine and anti toxins like Gas gangrene antitoxin, Anti Rabies serum ,Anti venom serum and Interferon UNIT III Microbial Assay: I. Antibiotics: Assay Design, Cylindrical and cup plate method, types of assay media as Per Indian Pharmacopoeia (I.P) II. Viatamins: Assessment of validity of microbial assay and method of computation and assay of riboflavin ,Nicotinic acid, Vitamin B1 And Vitamin B12 III. Amino Acids: General introduction ,Phenomena of antagonism of amino acids and assay of Tryptophan and Glutamic acid UNIT IV Blood Products: General requirements for blood collection, preparation, standards, labeling and storage of the following products: Whole human blood, Human plasma and dried human plasma, dried human serum, human Gama globulins, concentrated human R.B.C, Plasma protein Fraction, I) Absorbable Haemostatics: Absorbable gelatin Sponges, Oxidised cellulose, calcium alginate, Absorbale dressings II) Plasma Substitutes (Plasma Expanders):Ideal qualities of plasma substituents, PVP, Dextran 40 And 100, Industrial production of Clinical dextran UNIT V Microbial Limit Tests: Various media, microbial counts, Primary and secondary tests for E. coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus aureus Radio Immuno Assay: Reagents in RIA, Setting up in RIA and Estimation of Insulin in blood by RIA Surgical Dressings: Ideal properties, sterilization, standards and tests for sterility of surgical dressings Ligatures And Sutures: absorbable and non absorbable, preparation standards and tests for sterility of surgicals and problems involved in sterilization of Catgut Books recommended 1. EC Barton-Wright: The Microbial Assay of Vitamin B Complex and Amino Acids, Sir Isaac Pitman and sons limited ,London 2. Kavarrgh: Analytical Microbiology, Academic press 3. S.J. Cartar Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th edition, CBS Publisher, New Delhi, 1972 4. Bandarkar,S.D and MRA Pilli: Radio Immuno Assay A Laboratory Manual, 5. M.L Schroff: Biological Pharmacy, Part 2 ,National Book Centre, Calcutta

79

PURPH 506: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT 3 hours/ week UNIT- I Production and Operations management -Scope of Production and Operations managementEvolutionary Milestones- Types of Manufacturing systems- Services operations. UNIT- II Production planning and control(PPC) -Stages in PPC- Aggregate planning Project ManagementConcept of Maintenance Management and Industrial Safety UNIT- III Plant Location and Layout Planning- Plant Location -Factors affecting Plant capacity - Supply chain Management -Types of Layouts.

location- Plant

UNIT IV Productivity- Basic concepts of Productivity- Work Study- Method Study- Work Measurement. UNIT- V Materials Management & Quality Management Introduction to Materials Management- Costs associated with Inventory- Economic Ordering Quantity- ABC Analysis, Basic concepts of Total Quality Management(TQM)-Acceptance Sampling- Control Charts, JIT Production systems. Books recommended 1. R. Panner Selvam: Production and Operation Management, Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 2007 2. Adam, E, Everette, Ebert, J, Ronald, Jr, Production and Operation Management, Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, 2007 3. Buffa, S.Elewood, Sarin, K, Rakesh,, Modern Production, John Wiley & Sons, 2006 4. Gaither, Norman, Production and Operation Management, The Dryden Press, Chicag, 2006. 5. K.Aswathappa & K.Sridhara Bhat, Production and Operations Management, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2006 6. Alan Mhulemann, John Oakland, Keith Lockery: Production and Operation Management, Macmillan India Ltd., 2007. 7. N.G.Nair: Production and Operation Management, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, New Delhi, 2007. 8. S. N. Chary: Production and Operations Management, Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publishing Co Ltd , 2007. PURPH 507: MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY III 3 hours/ week UNIT - I Cancer and Chemotherapy a. Molecular biology of cancer b. Anticancer Drugs : Chlorambucil, busulphan, procarbazine, carmustine, 5-flurouracil, 5mercaptopurine, methotrexate, vinca alkaloids vinblastin, vincristine. c. Radiosensitizers and Radioprotective agents, Synthetic anticarcinogenic agents. d. Selective Toxicity, Drug resistance in cancer therapy UNIT - II a. Antiviral Agents b. DNA antiviral agents, RNA & Orthopoxviruses, Anti HIV Drugs UNIT - III a. Vitamins and Organ transplant drugs b. SNPs Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and pharmacogenomics

80

UNIT - IV QSAR and Drug Design Physicochemical properties and biological activity, Free-wilson approach and Hansch analysis, Molecular and Quantum mechanics, Conformational Analysis, Molecular dynamics, 3DQSAR, Concept of Pharmacophore, Docking and Denovo design UNIT - V Combinatorial Chemistry: a. Combination synthesis: Introduction, the drug discovery process. b. Solid phase, liquid phase combinatorial synthesis. c. Applications of combinatorial chemistry in drug discovery. Books recommended 1. J. H. Block and J. M. Beale: Wilson and Gisvolds Text book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 11th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004. 2. William et al. Foyes Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 6th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2008. 3. J. Abraham Ed.: Burgers Medicinal Chemistry & drug Discovery, 6th edition, Vol 1 to 6, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2007. 4. Surendra N. Pandeya: A Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry Vol. I and II, S.G. Publisher, Varanasi. 5. Indian Pharmacopoeia 1985 and 1996. The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi - 54. 6. Current Index of Medical Specialities (CIMS) and MIMS India, MIMS, A.E. Morgan Publications (I) Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi-19. Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 5th Semester (Practical) PURPH 511: ELECTRO CHEMICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 hours/ week 1. Potentiometric determination of pH of two solutions 2. Potentiometric titration of a strong acid against a strong base 3. Potentiometric titration of a strong base against a weak acid 4. Potentiometric titration of a mixture of acids against a weak base 5. Potentiometric titration of ferrous sulphate with potassium permanganate 6. Potentiometric assay of any two formulations from IP (Amoxicillin sodium, Propanollol HCl, Nalidixic acid) 7. Determination of water content by Karl Fischer electrometric titration method 8. Conductometric determination of equivalence point of titration of HCl and NaOH 9. Polarograhic determination of Nitrobenzene in solutions 10. Determination of acid neutralizing capacity of antacids by pH meter 11. Determination of Acid value of the given oil sample 12. Determination of Saponification value of the given oil sample 13. Determination of Iodine value of the given oil sample 14. Determination of Ester value of the given oil sample 15. Determination of moisture in vegetable oils 16. Determination of moisture in honey by refractometer method 17. Analysis of fat in butter 18. Analysis of carbohydrates in honey 19. Detection of adulteration of vanaspathi ghee in pure desi ghee 20. Detection of adulteration of Rhodamine B color in the chilly powder

81

Books recommended 1. H. Beckett and J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol I&II,1st edition,CBS Publishers , 2005 2. C. Garatt: Quantitative Analysis of Drugs, 3rd edition, CBS Publishers,2005 3. T. Higuchi & E.B. Hanssen, Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 1st edition, A Wiley Inter Science Publications,2005 4. P. C. Kamboj: Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2nd edition, Vol-I, Vallabh Prakashan, 2007. 5. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ghaziabad, 2007 6. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008 7. British Pharmacopoeia , 2009

PURPH 512: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY I (SOLID DOSAGE FORMS) 3 hours/ week 1. Preparation & Evaluation of Medicated Powders 2. Preparation & Evaluation granules loaded with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients 3. Preparation & Evaluation of Tablet by: i. Wet granulation method ii. Dry granulation method iii. Direct compression 4. Preparation & Evaluation of Film Coated Tablets 5. Preparation & Evaluation of Capsules i. Powder filled ii. Granule filled PURPH 513: PHARMACOLOGY-III 3 Hours/ week Calculation of dose ration (EC50) of acetylcholine in presence and absence of physostigmine using isolated ileum/rectus abdominis muscle preparation Calculation of dose ration (EC50) of acetylcholine in presence and absence of pancuronium using isolated ileum/rectus abdominis muscle preparation Calculation of pa2 value for tubocurarine using acetylcholine as agonist employing frog rectus abdominis muscle. Calculation of pa2 value for atropine using acetylcholine as agonist employing guinea pig ileum preparation. Evaluation of Antispasmodic Drugs Evaluation of Antidiarrhoeal Drugs Evaluation of Antifungal agents Evaluation of Antiinflammatory drugs Determination of the LD50 value of a given drug

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Books recommended 1. S. K. Kulkarni and P. C. Dandia: Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, 3rd edition, Vallabh Publisher, Delhi, 2005. 2. L.J. Macleod: Pharmacological Experiments on Intact Preparations, Latest edition, Churchill Livingstone. 3. L.J. Macleod: Pharmacological Experiments on Isolated Preparations, Latest edition, Churchill Livingstone. 4. M.N. Ghosh: Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology. Latest edition, Scientific Book Agency, Kolkata.

82

5. Ian Kitchen: Textbook of in Vitro Practical Pharmacology, Latest edition, Black well Scientific. 6. S.K.Kulkarni: Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, 3rd edition, 2005. 7. R.K Goyal practicals in pharmacology 4th edition, B.S.Shah Prakashan publisher, Ahmedabad, 2003 PURPH 514: PHARMACOGNOSY-III 3 hours/ week 1. Microscopical Identification of Powder mixtures 2. Preparation of Some Ayurvedic dosage forms which are possible inhome 3. Determination of volatile oil content of a crude drug by using Clavengers apparatus 4. Determination of Swelling Index of Isaphagol and Linseed 5. Determination of Mucilage Content in Isapagol 6. Evaluation of Glychrizic acid in Liquorice root 7. Extraction of Tannic acid from Myrobalans and its TLC 8. Resin from Podophyllum and its TLC 9. Lawsone from Henna and its TLC 10. Preparation of Tissue culture medium ( Murashige and Skoogs Medium) and a practical demo on Plant tissue culture 11. Preparation of any two Herbal cosmetics and Their Standardisation 12. Identification and Preliminary tests of the following: Colophony, Aloes, Shellac, Asafoetida, Talc, Bentonite, Kaolin and Chalk Books recommended 1. A Practical Pharmacognosy -Dr.C.K.KOKATE. PURPH 515: BIOLOGICAL PHARMACY 3 hours/ week 1. Sterilization by Dry Heat and tests for its sterility 2. Sterilization of Autoclaving and tests for its sterility 3. Sterilization by heating with Bactericide and tests for its sterility 4. Sterilization of surgical dressing and tests for its sterility 5. Sterilization by Gas and tests for its sterility 6. Tests for sterility of Commercial Dextrose injection I.P 7. Tests for sterility of a Preparation Containing Sulphanilamide 8. Preparation and Standardization of bacterial vaccine 9. Microbial counting in Pharmaceutical preparation 10. Primary and Secondary Tests for Salmonella Books recommended 1. Pelczar et al. Microbiology, 5th edition, Tata Mc Graw Hills Publishing Company Ltd., 2007. 2. S.J. Cartar Ed.: Cooper & Gunns Tutorial Pharmacy, 6th edition, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 1972 3. S.P.Vyas and Dixit: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 6th edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors 4. Indian Pharmacopeia Government of Ministry and Family Welfare 2007,1996,Addendum 2005 5. Rawlins, Ed.: Remingtons The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 20th edition, Lippincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2000

83

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 6th Semester (Theory) PURPH 601: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY II (ORAL LIQUIDS AND SEMI SOLID DOSAGE FORMS) 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Preformulation: Bulk characterization, Solubility analysis, Stability analysis UNIT - II Solution: Introduction, Advantages & Disadvantages of solution as an oral dosage form Choice of solvents: aqueous & non-aqueous, Formulation additives: buffers, density modifiers, isotonicity modifiers, viscosity enhancers, preservatives, reducing & anti-oxidant agents, sweetening agents, flavors & perfumes, colors Types of preparations:-Liquids for cutaneous application: Lotions, Liniments, Paints, Collodions; Ear drops, Eye preparations, Irrigations, Mouth washes & Gargles, Nasal products, Oral liquids: Elixir, Linctuses, Mixtures & Draughts, Rectal preparations Intermediate products: - Aromatic waters & Spirits, extracts, Infusions & Tinctures, Syrups Stability of solutions, Manufacture of solutions UNIT - III Suspension: Introduction, Physical properties, Pharmaceutical application, Formulation of suspension, Manufacture of suspension, Preservation of suspension, Physical stability of suspension UNIT - IV Emulsion: Introduction, Physical properties, Types, Formulation of emulsion, Types of emulsifying agents, Preservation of emulsions, Physical stability of emulsion, Manufacture of emulsion UNIT - V Semisolid: Introduction, Anatomy of skin, Routes of penetration, Raw materials, Types of vehicles, Types of semisolid preparation (Pastes, Gels, Ointments and creams), Study on cosmetic preparations like Shampoos, Cold Cream, Vanishing Cream, Face powders, Tooth pastes, Tooth powder, Mouth wash, Calamine lotion Books recommended 1. Leon Lachman, H. A. Lieberman & J. L. Kanig: The Theory and Practice of Indusrtrial Pharmacy, 3rd edition, Varghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1991. 2. M. E. Aulton: Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage Form Design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002. 3. L. V. Allen, N. G. & Popovich H. C. Ansel: Ansels Parmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems, 8th edition, Lipincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2005. 4. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21st edition, Vol. 1 & 2, Lippincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2006. 5. H. A. Lieberman, M. M. Rieger and G. S. Banker Ed.: Parmaceutical Dosage Forms: Disperse System, 2nd edition (Revised and Expanded), Vol. 1, 2 & 3, Marcel Dekker Inc.,Vol 1, 2 & 3, New York, 2005.

84

PURPH 602: PHARMACOGNOSY IV (CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS) 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Chemical and spectral approaches to simple molecules of natural origin. Application of IR, NMR and Mass Spectroscopy in the structural elucidation of organic compounds. Concept of stereoisomerism taking examples of natural products (citral, menthol, camphor, ephedrine and atropine). UNIT - II Terpenes : Classification, General methods of extraction and separation (Mono and sesquiterpenes), special isoprene rule and Structural elucidation of citral carvone, menthol & camphor UNIT III Cardiac Glycosides: Source, structures, Pharmacological properties and study of interrelationship between cardinolides and bufadienolides (Chemistry of digoxin & digitoxin ). Introduction to Scillaren A and Ouabein Flavonoids: Classification, pharmacological properties and chemistry of quercetin UNIT IV Alkaloids : Classification, isolation, structural elucidation of atropine, ephedrine, reserpine and morphine, papaverine, quinine UNIT - V Vitamins: Classification, Chemistry of vitamin A, B1, Folic acid and vitamin C. Antibiotics: Chemistry and therapeutic activity of penicillin (includes structural elucidation), streptomycin and tetracyclines. Books recommended 1. O.P. Agarwal: Chemistry of Organic Natural Products Vol.-1 & 2, 2. Gurdeep Chatwal: Organic Chemistry of Natural Products Vol.-1 & 2, 3. I.L. Finar: Organic Chemistry Vol.-2, PURPH 603: CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Introduction to chromatographic techniques- History, classification , separation techniques, choice of methods Column chromatography a. Adsorption column chromatography- development technique, frontal analysis and elution analysis, factors affecting column efficiency, applications b. Partition column chromatography UNIT - II a. Ion Exchange chromatography-introduction, principles, types of ion exchange synthetic resins, physical properties, factors affecting ion exchange, methodology and applications. b. Paper chromatography- introduction, principles, types of paper chromatography ascending paper chromatography, descending paper chromatography, radial paper chromatography, development techniques, operational techniques, applications.

85

UNIT - III a. TLC- introduction ,principles, techniques, Rf values, applications b. HPTLC- introduction ,theory ,instrumentation, applications UNIT IV a. HPLC- introduction, theory, instrumentation, solvent treatment systems; pumps- reciprocating and displacement pumps;columns, detectors - UV detectors, fluorimetric detectors, refractive index detectors ,applications b. Gas chromatography- introduction ,theory ,instrumentation, carrier gases, stationary phases in GLC and GSC,detectors -flame ionization detectors , electron capture detectors, thermal conductivity detectors, typical gas chromatogram, derivitisation techniques, programmed temperature gas chromatography, applications. UNIT - V a. Electrophoresis- Scope, principles of separation different types, applications. b. Gel filtration and Affinity chromatography- introduction , techniques , applications. Books recommended 1. H. Beckett and J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol- II 4th edition, CBS publishers,2005 2. B. K. Sharma: Instrumental and Chemical Analysis, Goel Publishers 3. Chatwal & Anand: Instrumental Methods of Analysis, 5th edition,Himalaya publishing house, 2008 4. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008 5. K.A.Connors: A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 6. P. D. Sethi: High Performance Liquid Chromatography CBS publishers 7. P. D. Sethi: High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, CBS publishers 8. Snyder ,Practical HPLC Method Development John Wiley&Sons, Canada 9. Egon Stahl: Thin Layer chromatography,2nd edition, Springer publications 10. Richard & Shiela: Thin Layer Chromatography John Wiley & Sons, 2008. 11. Robert.D.Brown: Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, Pharma Book Syndicate, 2006 12. Gary.D.Christian: Analytical Chemistry, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 13. D.A.Skoog, F.J.Holler:,T.A.Nieman Principles of instrumental analysis,5th edition Thomson,Brooks/Cole,2005 14. Willard, Meritt, Dean, etal: Instrumental Method of Analysis, 7th edition, CBS publishers 15. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 16. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 17. British Pharmacopoeia, 2009 PURPH 604: PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Fermentation Technology Basic Principles in Fermentation and Application: Intoduction to Fermentation. Screening of Industrially important microbes-primary and secondary screening, Maintenance of stock culture, Strain improvement for increased yield 1. Study of design and working of bioreactor, fermentation media, anaerobic and aerobic fermentation 2. Types of reactors- CSTR, Tower, airlift, bubble column, packed bed-configuration and application

86

UNIT II Bioprocessing of the following industrially important microbial metabolites Organic solvent : Alcohol Organic acids : Citric acid, Lactic acid Antibiotics : Penicillin, Streptomycin, Griseofulvin, Cephalosporins Vitamins : Vitamin B12 , Riboflavin Amino acid: Glutamic acid, Lysine Nucleotides: Cyclic AMP and GMP UNIT III Scale up of Fermentation and Down Stream Processing 1. HTST Sterilization, Thermal death kinetics , Downstream processing-Solid liquid separation, Release of intracellular products, concentration, Purification, Formulation. 2. Enzymes Source, classification, properties, general methods of preparation and purification, application in pharmaceutical industry, therapeutics and clinical analysis. 3. Immobilization of enzymes, methods, advantages and disadvantages 4. Microbial transformation of steroids, general methods employed for transformation, application UNIT IV Microbial Genetics: Genetic organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, mutation :spontaneous and induced, different types of mutants, classification and different type of mutagenic agents 1. Transformation, Conjugation, Transduction 2. Fundamentals of genetic engineering: Introduction to gene manipulation basic techniques: agarose gel electrophoresis, southern blotting and northern blotting 3. Cutting DNA molecules- restriction endonucleases, joining DNA molecules- DNA ligase, adapters, double linkers and homopolymer tailing 4. Plasmids as cloning vectors: isolation and purification of plasmid, plasmids as cloning vectors, natural and artificial plasmid, pBR 322 plasmid. UNIT V Application of Genetic Engineering: 1. Pharmaceutical production of human insulin, interferon, somatostatin, hepatitis vaccine. 2. Recombinant probes for diagnosis of genetic diseases 3. Protoplast fusion and applications 4. Biodegradation of xenobiotics, chemical and industrial wastes 5. Genetic engineering patents, moral and ethical values Books recommended 1. L.E Cassida: Industrial Microbiology, John Willey and sons, India 2. S. C. Prescott and C. G. Dunn: Industrial Microbiology, 3rd & 4th edition, McGraw Hill Book Company, 3. Under Koflar and Hickey: Industrial Fermentation, Vol 1 & 2 4. Biochemistry of Industrial microorganism by Rainbow and Rose 5. Kesav Trehan: Biotechnology, 1st edition, New Age International (P) Ltd., 2006. 6. Primrose SB and Old Rw,Blackwell: Principles of Gene Manipulation Scientific Publications 7. H.D Kumar: Nucleic Acids and Biotechnology, Vikas Publishing and Company 8. David Freifelder: Microbial Genetics 9. Lewin Benjamin: Genes 10. P.Stanbury: :Industrial Microbiology,

87

PURPH 605: PHARMACOLOGY IV (PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS OF SCREENING) 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Basic principles of screening of drugs for pharmacological activities. Organization of screening for the pharmacological activities of the new substances with emphasis on the evaluation of a) CNS activities b) Anti-ulcer c) Hepatoprotective UNIT II Organization of screening for the pharmacological activities of the new substances with emphasis on the evaluation of a) Local anesthetics b) Analgesics c) Anticonvulsants UNIT III Organization of screening for the pharmacological activities of the new substances with emphasis on the evaluation of a) Anti inflammatory agents b) Anti histaminic c) Antipyretics UNIT IV Organization of screening for the pharmacological activities of the new substances with emphasis on the evaluation of a) Antifibrilatory agents b) Cardiotonic agents c) Diuretics UNIT V a) Cell culture techniques for pharmacological techniques. b) Toxicity tests: Determination of LD50, acute, sub acute and chronic toxicities studies. Tests for undue toxicity of drugs. International guidelines (ICH recommendations). Books recommended 1. R. A Turner: Screening Methods in Pharmacology, Academic Press, London1965 2. H. G. Vogel: Drug Discovery and Evaluation, 2nd edition ,Springer, Germany,2002. 3. A.Goodman Gilman, T. W. Rall, A.I.S. Nies, and P. Taylor: Goodman and Gilmans The pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th Edition, Mc Graw Hill, Pergamon Press 2006. 4. R. Lawrence and A. L. Bacharach: Evaluation of Drug Activities: Pharmacometrics, Academy Press, London. 5. Nodine Siegler, Animal and Clinical Pharmacological Techniques in DrugEvaluation. 6. Goldsteine: Principles of Drug Action, John Wiley and Sons, New York

88

PURPH 606: PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS - I 3 hrs. /week UNIT- I Cardiovascular system: Hypertension, Congestive cardiac failure, Angina Pectoris, Myocardial infarction, Hyperlipidaemias, Electrophysiology of heart and Arrhythmias UNIT- II Musculoskeletal disorders Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Gout, Spondylitis, Systemic lupus erythematosus. Renal system Acute Renal Failure, Chronic Renal Failure, Renal Dialysis, Drug induced renal disorders UNIT- III Nervous system: Epilepsy, Parkinsonism, Stroke, Alzheimer's disease.Pain management including Pain pathways, neuralgias, headaches. UNIT- IV Psychiatry disorders: Schizophrenia, Affective disorders, Anxiety disorders, Sleep disorders, Obsessive Compulsive disorders UNIT- V Drug interactions: Drug-drug interaction and food drug interaction Books recommended 1. Roger and Walker: Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Churchill Livingstone Publication. 2. Joseph T. Dipiro et al: Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach, Appleton & Lange. 3. S. L. Robins: Pathologic Basis of Disease W. B. Saunders Publication. 4. Green and Harris: Pathology and Therapeutics for Pharmacists A Basis for Clinical Pharmacy Practice, Chapman and Hall Publication. 5. Eric T. Herfindal: Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Williams and Wilkins Publication. 6. Lloyd Young and Koda: Applied Therapeutics The Clinical Use of Drugs, -Kimble MA 7. Averys Drug Treatment, 4th Edn, 1997, Adis International Limited. PURPH 607: MARKETING MANAGEMENT 3 hrs. /week UNIT- I Introduction to Marketing: Definition, Functions & Importance of Marketing, Marketing mix, outlines of marketing information system and its importance, outlines of product life cycle, brief review of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry UNIT- II Introduction to Advertising Definition, Problem areas in advertising, types of advertising, systematic advertising - Planning of advertising, media selection, Advertising budget, sales promotion, co-ordination with other marketing tools UNIT- III Introduction to Management of sales force detail men Introduction to personal selling with reference to detailing, selection of the sales force, training of salesman, compensation and motivation of sales force, controlling of sales force.

89

UNIT- IV Introduction to Channels of Distribution Definition, distribution of channels, factors determining choice of particular channel, physical distribution costs. UNIT- V Introduction to Marketing Research Definition, scope, role and importance of marketing research, types of marketing research, steps involved in marketing research. Books recommended 1. Philip Kotler & Kevin Lane Keller: Marketing Management, 12th edition, Prentice Hall of India , New Delhi, 2007. 2. S. A. Sherlekar: Marketing Management, 14th edition, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai, 2008. 3. Rustom S. Davar: Modern Marketing Management, 7th edition, Universal Book Stall 4. Indian Pharma Reference Guide 2010, kong Posh Publiucations Pvt. Ltd. (www.kppub.com). 5. Subba Rao Chaganti: Pharmaceutical marketing in India, 1st edition, PharmaMed Press, 2008. Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 6th Semester (Practical) PURPH 611: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY II (ORAL LIQUIDS AND SEMI SOLID DOSAGE FORMS) 3 hrs. /week Preparation, evaluation and packaging of 1. Solutions 2. Suspensions 3. Emulsions 4. Ointments 5. Gels 6. Suppositories 7. Eye drops 8. Eye ointments 9. Preparation of selected cosmetic preparations representing the following classes: Shampoos Cold Cream, Vanishing Cream Face powders Tooth pastes Tooth powder Mouth wash Calamine lotion PURPH 612: Pharmacognosy IV (Chemistry of Natural Products) 3 hrs. /week

1. Analysis of fixed oils including acid value, saponification value, iodine value. 2. Determination of hydroxyl compounds (phenolic and alcoholic). 3. Isolation of active principles from natural sources (at least four).
a. Piperine from black pepper b. Caffeine from tea c. Hesperidine from orange peel

90

d. citric acid from lemon

4. Determination of aldehydes and ketones in essential oils. 5. Exercises on paper and thin layer chromotographic evaluations of herbal drug
constituents PURPH 613: CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 hrs. /week 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Separation and identification of amino acids by Paper chromatography Preparation of Silica gel TLC plates Separation and identification of amino acids by Thin layer chromatography Separation and identification of sulphonamides by Paper chromatography Separation and identification of sulphonamides by Thin layer chromatography Separation of a mixture of amino acids by Thin layer chromatography Assay of Paracetamol using HPLC

Books Recommended 1. H. Beckett and J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol- II, 4th edition, CBS publishers,2005 2. Willard, Meritt, Dean, Settle, Wadworth,New York Instrumental method of Analysis, 7 th edition CBS publishers ,New delhi 3. C. Garatt: Quantitative Analysis of Drugs, 3rd edition, CBS Publishers,2005 4. T. Higuchi & E.B. Hanssen, Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 1st edition, A Wiley Inter Science Publications,2005 5. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 6. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 7. British Pharmacopoeia, 2009. PURPH 614: PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 3 hrs. /week 1. Replica plating 2. Bioutography 3. Determination of MIC by gradient plate method 4. Thermal death kinetics 5. Isolation of bacterial genomic DNA 6. Microbial assay of antibiotic (one level & two level) 7. Isolation of bacterial genomic DNA 8. Isolation of genomic RNA from cauliflower 9. Agarose gel electrophoresis 10. Separation of protein by SDS page 11. Citric acid production 12. Production of wine 13. Purification of enzymes 14. Amylase production in batch culture by immobilization 15. Estimation of protein by lowrys method

91

Books recommended 1. Microbiology a laboratory manual - 7th edition by Cappuccino, Sherman 2. Published by Dorling Kindersley (india ) Pvt .Ltd. 3. Laboratory experiments in microbiology by M.Gopal Reddy ,M.N.Reddy.Himalaya publishing house. 4. Laboratory manual in microbiology by P. Gunasekaran New age international (p) Ltd. 5. Laboratory manual in general microbiology by N.Kannan, Panima publishing corporation. PURPH 615: PHARMACOLOGY IV (PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS OF SCREENING) 3 hrs. /week Methods of handling experimental animal Standard techniques for injection of drugs, collection of blood samples and feeding of animals Use of anesthetics and cannulation of veins, arteries and trachea. Study of ciliary movement of frogs esophagus Study of local anesthetics by conduction block method Study of local anesthetics by plexus anesthesia method Study of local anesthetics by surface anesthesia method using rabbit cornea Study of local anesthetics by infiltration of anesthesia in guinea pigs. Experiments based on screening methods of various categories of drugs. a) CNS stimulant and CNS depressants b) Anticonvulsants c) Antidepressants d) Antiinflamatory e) Analgesics f) Anti histaminics g) Anti pyretics h) Diuretics

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Books recommended: 1. Nodine Siegler: Animal and Clinical Pharmacological Techniques in Drug Evaluation. 2. Turner RA: Screening Methods in Pharmacology, Academic Press, London 1965 3. S. K. Kulkarni & P. C. Dandia: Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, 3rd edition, Vallab Publisher Delhi. 2005. 4. S. K. Kulkarni: Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, 3rd edition, Vallabh Prakashan Publisher, Delhi, 1999.

92

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 7th Semester (Theory) PURPH 701: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY III (NDDS) 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Targeted Drug Delivery Systems Introduction to novel drug delivery systems, terminology of drug delivery, Fundamentals & applications, formulation & evaluation of different dosage forms (approaches) for novel drug delivery: liposomes,Niosomes resealed erythrocyes & nanoparticles, microsheres, prodrugs, implant systems, multiple emulsions UNIT II Oral Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Fundamentals, dissolution controlled, diffusion controlled, ion exchange resins, osmotic based system, pH independent systems & altered density systems Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems Mechanism of bioadhesion, mucoadhesive materials, formulation & evaluation of mucoadhesive systems UNIT III Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems Introduction, types of TDDS, materials employed, evaluation of TDDS UNIT IV Occular Drug Delivery Systems Approaches of topical occular drug delivery, intraoccular drug delivery UNIT V Nasal & Pulmonary Drug Delivery Systems Introduction, factors effecting drug delivery (physiological & formulation, mechanical), technologies for nasal & pulmonary drug delivery, Books recommended 1. Y. W. Chien: Novel Drug Delivery System, 2nd edition (Revised and Expanded), vol. 50, Drugs & the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2007. 2. N. K. Jain: Advances in Controlled and Novel Drug Delivery, 1st edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 3. S. P. Vyas & R. K. Khar: Targeted & Controlled Drug Delivery Novel Carrier Systems, 1st edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, 2007. 4. L. V. Allen, N. G. & Popovich H. C. Ansel: Ansels Parmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems, 8th edition, Lipincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2005. 5. J. R. Robinson and V. H. Lee Ed.: Controlled Drug Delivery Fundamentals and Applications 2nd edition (Revised and Expanded), vol. 29, Drugs & the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2005.

93

PURPH 702: BIOINFORMATICS 3 hrs. /week UNIT- I What are drugs, Drug discovery methods, requirements of a drug: binding, delivery (absorption, distribution), stability (metabolisation, elimination), toxicity and synthesizability. Applications of drug discovery. UNIT - II First generation of drug designing: QSAR, pharmacopore patterns, ADME properties, Objective of QSAR, Development of Hansh QSAR equation, QSAR descriptors, Regression analysis, Use of genetic algorithms in QSAR equation, Basic component analysis in QSAR, Methods and achievements in protein engineering and design, MFA, 3-D QSAR. Second generation of drug designing: Rational drug designing Target identification, lead identification, lead optimization, Toxicology studies, Preclinical trials, Clinical trails, FDA registration. UNIT - III CADD - Computer aided drug development and use of 3 D pharmacopore models, Pharmacopore properties, Receptors Structure, function, and pharmacology, Ion channels Structure, function, and pharmacology, Enzymes and enzymes inhibitors, Hydropathy, hydrogen bond, molecular shapes, the practices and limitations of computer assisted drug discovery process. UNIT - IV Docking Principles and methods for Docking, Docking problem, 3-D database search approaches, Methods and tools for study of ligand receptor binding, rigid body and flexible docking; denovo ligand design; design and use of combinatorial libraries, Finding new drug targets to treat diseases. UNIT V The legal and socioeconomic impacts of biotechnology; public education of the process of the processes of biotechnology involved in generating new forms of life for informed decision making. Biosafety regulation and national and international guidelines, DNA guidelines, Experimental protocol approval, levels of containment Environmental aspects of biotechnology applications, Use of genetically modified organism and their release in environment, Special procedures for DNA based product production. Books recommended 1. Andrew R. Leach, Molecular Modeling Principles and Applications, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall. 2. Fenniri.H., Combinatorial Chemistry A practical approach, 1st edition, Oxford University Press. 3. Lednicer, D., Strategies for Organic Drug Discovery Synthesis and Design, 1st edition, Wiley International Publishers. 4. Gordon, E.M. and Kerwin, J.F., Wiley Combinatorial chemistry and molecular diversity in drug discovery, 1st edition, Liss Publishers. 5. Swatz, M.E., Analytical techniques in Combinatorial Chemistry, 1st edition, Marcel Dekker Publishers. 6. Sasson, A., Biotechnologies and Development, UNESCO Publications. 7. Sasson, A., Biotechnologies in developing countries present and future, UNESCO Publishers.

94

PURPH 703: ELECTIVE I 3 hrs. /week The candidate has to opt for any one of the following electives. The elective in a particular subject shall be offered based on the number of candidates opting for the same. PURPH 703 -IA: ADVANCED MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY I 3 hrs. /week UNIT I General Aspects of Medicinal Chemistry a) A brief history of drugs: from plant extracts to DNA technology. b) Medicinal Chemistry: definition and objectives, the three main phases of drug activity, drug and disease classification. c) Drug targets: molecular mechanisms of drug action. UNIT II Lead Compound Discovery Strategies. a) Strategies in the search for new lead compounds or original working hypotheses. b) Natural products as pharmaceuticals and sources for lead structures. c) The contribution of molecular biology to drug discovery. d) Electronic screening: lead finding from database mining. e) High speed chemistry libraries: assessment of drug-likeness. UNIT III Primary Exploration of Structure-Activity Relationship a) Molecular variations in homology series: vinylogues and benzologues b) Molecular variations based on isosteric replacements. c) Conformational restrictions and/or steric hindrance in medicinal chemistry. d) Identical and non-identical twin drugs. e) Optical isomerism in drugs. f) Application strategies for the primary structure - activity relationship exploration. UNIT IV Substituents and Functions: Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of Structure-Activity Relationship a) Specific substituent groups. b) The role of functional groups in drug receptor interactions. c) Compound properties and drug quality. d) Quantitative approaches to structure-activity relationship. UNIT V Combinatorial Chemistry Introduction, combinatorial approaches, chemical Peptide and small molecule libraries, applications, methodology, combinatorial organic synthesis, assays and screening of combinatorial libraries, introduction to High Throughput Screening. Reference Books: 1. J. H. Block and J. M. Beale: Wilson and Gisvolds Text book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 11th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004. 2. William et al. Foyes Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 6th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2008. 3. D. J. Abraham Ed.: Burgers Medicinal Chemistry & drug Discovery, 6th edition, Vol 1 to 6, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2007.

95

4. Andrew R. Leach, Molecular Modeling Principles and Applications, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall. 5. Fenniri.H., Combinatorial Chemistry A practical approach, 1st edition, Oxford University Press. 6. Lednicer, D., Strategies for Organic Drug Discovery Synthesis and Design, 1st edition, Wiley International Publishers. 7. Gordon, E.M. and Kerwin, J.F., Wiley Combinatorial chemistry and molecular diversity in drug discovery, 1st edition, Liss Publishers. 8. Swatz, M.E., Analytical techniques in Combinatorial Chemistry, 1st edition, Marcel Dekker Publishers. PURPH 703 -IB: LABELING AND PACKAGING OF DOSAGE FORMS 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Introduction to labelling & Packaging , specifications of packaging, types of packaging materials, factors effecting selection of containers, materials used for containers & closures, drug-container considerations, quality control tests for packaging materials UNIT II FDA Packaging configuration: Film wrappers, Blister package, Strip package, Bubble pack, shrink seals & bands, Foil, paper & plastic pouches, Bottle seals, Tape seals, Breakable caps, Sealed tubes, aerosol containers, sealed cartoons. UNIT III Packaging of solid dosage forms: Packaging and evaluation of powders, granules, tablets, pills & capsules Packaging of semi-solid dosage forms: Labelling specifications & packaging of ointments, pastes, jels & creams UNIT IV Packaging of liquid dosage forms: Labelling & packaging of oral liquids solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lotions, gargles, syrups,; parenterals small volumes & large volumes; ophthalmic preparations eye drops & eye ointments etc. UNIT V Packaging of aerosols: Components of aerosol packages, material used for containers, components of the valve used in aerosol package,types of actuatuors, stability testing of aerosol container, quality control of aerosol containers Books recommended: 1. Dean, Evans and Hall Ed. Pharmaceutical Packaging Technology, 1st edition (1st Indian Reprint), Taylor & Francis, 2006. 2. Leon Lachman, H. A. Lieberman & J. L. Kanig : The Theory and Practice of Indusrtrial Pharmacy, 3rd edition, Varghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1991. 3. M. E. Aulton: Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage Form Design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002. 4. G. S. Banker and C.T. Rhodes Ed.: Modern Pharmaceutics, 4th edition (Revised and Expanded), Drugs and The Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 121, Informa healthcare USA, Inc., 2009.

96

PURPH 703 -IC: CLINICAL STUDIES 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Drug Development Process: Introduction Various Approaches to drug discovery 1. Pharmacological 2. Toxicological 3. IND Application 4. Drug characterization 5. Dosage form UNIT II Clinical Development of Drug: 1. Introduction to Clinical trials 2. Various phases of clinical trial 3. Methods of post marketing surveillance 4. Abbreviated New Drug Application submission 5. Good Clinical Practice ICH, GCP, Central drug standard control organisation (CDSCO) guidelines UNIT III 1. Challenges in the implementation of guidelines 2. Ethical guidelines in Clinical Research 3. Composition, responsibilities, procedures of IRB / IEC 4. Overview of regulatory environment in USA, Europe and India UNIT IV Role and responsibilities of clinical trial personnel as per ICH GCP a. Sponsor b. Investigators c. Clinical research associate d. Auditors e. Contract research coordinators f. Regulatory authority UNIT V 1. Designing of clinical study documents (protocol, CRF, ICF, PIC with assignment) 2. Informed consent Process 3. Data management and its components 4. Safety monitoring in clinical trials. Books recommended: 1. Central Drugs Standard Control Organization. Good Clinical Practices-Guidelines for Clinical Trials on Pharmaceutical Products in India. New Delhi: Ministry of Health; 2001. 2. International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical requirements for registration of Pharmaceuticals for human use. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline. Guideline for Good Clinical Practice.E6; May 1996. 3. Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research on Human Subjects 2000. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi. 4. Textbook of Clinical Trials edited by David Machin, Simon Day and Sylvan Green, March 2005, John Wiley and Sons.

97

5. Principles of Clinical Research edited by Giovanna di Ignazio, Di Giovanna and Haynes. 6. Clinical Data Management edited by R K Rondels, S A Varley, C F Webbs. Second Edition, Jan 2000, Wiley Publications. 7. Goodman & Gilman: JG Hardman, LE Limbard, 10th Edn. McGraw Hill Publications, 2001. 8. Chi Jen lee, Lucia H Lee, et.al. , Clinical Trials of Drugs And Biopharmaceutical 1st edition, 1996, CRC Taylor & Francis group broken sound parkway, NW, Suite. 9. David machin et.al. Textbook of clinical trials 1stedition , 2005,Jonh Wiley & sons td ,Chichester, England . 10. Julia Lloyed , Ann Raven, Hand Book Of Clinical Research 2nd edition 2006,Churchill livingstone Edinburgh, London, Tokyo

PURPH 704: DRUG REGULATORY AFFAIRS 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Good Manufacturing practices: GMP and cGMP and salient features of Drugs & Cosmetics Act & Rules with reference to manufacture of drugs in India Pharmaceutical Validation: Validation of Water systems for sterile & Non Sterile products, cleaning validation, process validation, Equipment validation, Analytical method validation UNIT II Quality Assurance with reference to organization, personnel, Building & facility equipment, Product Control, ware housing, Returned goods & reprocessing Documentation: Importance, Statutory requirements, Procedure for documentation, critical examination of documents. UNIT III Harmonization of Regulatory Requirements: International Conference on harmonization History, Process, Stability testing protocol Intellectual Property Right: Introduction, Objectives, History, Patent Laws in India- Indian Patent act 1970, Indian Patent Act 2005 UNIT IV Drug Regulatory agencies: Organization, Regulatory Programme, History of Indian CDSCO, USFDA Introduction to SOP, TQM, ISO UNIT V Clinical Trials: Phase-I, Phase-II, Phase-III & Phase-IV, Filing of INDA, NDA and ANDA for approval & registration Books recommended 1. Ira R.Berry, Robert A.Nash: Pharmaceutical Process Validations 2. P.P.Sharma: GMP 3. D.H.Shab: Quality Assurance Manual, Business Hortzons 4. Quality Assurance for Pharmaceuticals Vol-I&II-Pharma Book Syndicate 5. SOP Guidelines D.H.Shab Business Horizons

98

PURPH 705: PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS-II 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Gastrointestinal system: Peptic ulcer disease, Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease, Inflammatory bowel disease, Liver disorders - Alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis including jaundice, and Drug induced liver disorders. Ophthalmology: Glaucoma, Conjunctivitis- viral & bacterial UNIT II Endocrine system: Diabetes, Thyroid diseases, Oral contraceptives, Hormone replacement therapy, Osteoporosis UNIT III Dermatology: Psoriasis, Scabies, Eczema, Impetigo Respiratory system : Introduction to Pulmonary function test, Asthma, Chronic obstructive airways disease, Drug induced pulmonary diseases UNIT IV Oncology: Basic principles of Cancer therapy, General introduction to cancer chemotherapeutic agents, Chemotherapy of breast cancer, leukemia. Management of chemotherapy nausea and emesis UNIT V Infectious disease: Guidelines for the rational use of antibiotics and surgical Prophylaxis, Tuberculosis, Meningitis, Respiratory tract infections, Gastroenteritis, Endocarditis, Septicemia, Urinary tract infections, Protozoal infection, Malaria, HIV & Opportunistic infections, Fungal infections, Viral infections, Gonarrhoea and Syphillis Text Books: a. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - Roger and Walker, Churchill Livingstone publication. b. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic approach - Joseph T. Dipiro et al. Appleton & Lange.

Books recommended 1. Roger and Walker Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 4th edition, Churchill Livingstone publication, 2007. 2. Joseph T. Dipiro et al: Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach, Appleton & Lange. 3. S. L. Robins:Pathologic Basis of Disease W. B. Saunders Publication. 4. Green and Harris: Pathology and Therapeutics for Pharmacists A Basis for Clinical Pharmacy Practice, Chapman and Hall Publication. 5. Eric T. Herfindal: Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Williams and Wilkins Publication. 6. Lloyd Young and Koda: Applied Therapeutics The Clinical Use of Drugs, -Kimble MA 7. Averys Drug Treatment, 4th Edn, 1997, Adis International Limited. 8. Relevant review articles from recent medical and pharmaceutical literature.

99

PURPH 706: PHARMACEUTICAL JURISPRUDENCE 3 hrs. /week UNIT I Pharmacy Act 1948 UNIT II Drug & Cosmetic Act 1940 & Rules 1945 UNIT III Medicinal & Toilet Preparations (Excise Duties) Act 1955 Narcotic Drugs & Psychotropic Substances Act 1985 Drugs & Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act 1954 & Rules 1955 UNIT IV Prevention & Cruelty to Animal Act 1960 Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1971 Drugs (Price Control Order) Act 1995 Poisons Act 1919 UNIT V Code of Ethics Books recommended 1. B. M. Mithal: A Text Book of Forensic Pharmacy, 10th edition (11th reprint), Vallabh Prakashan, 2009. 2. N. K. Jain: A Text Book of Forensic Pharmacy, 7th edition, Vallabh Prakashan, 2008. 3. Kokate and Gokhale: Text Book of Forensic Pharmacy 1st edition, Pharma Book Syndicate, 2006. 4. Drug & Cosmetic Act & Rules Published by Government of India 5. Pharmacy Act Published by Government of India

PURPH 707: INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Absorption spectroscopy- theory of electronic , atomic and molecular spectra ,Beer Lamberts law applications and its derivatives, limitations of beers law, applications of beers law to single component and multi component systems, chromophores, auxochromes, bathochromic shift, hypsochromic shift, hyperchromic and hypochromic effects, effect of solvent on absorption spectra, molecular structure and infrared spectra. UV-Visible spectroscopy- instrumentation and working, sources of radiation, wavelength selectors-filters, prisms and gratings(monochromators), sample cells, detectors-photocell, barrier layer cell, phototube, diode array, construction of single beam and double beam spectrophotometers ,applications of UV-Visible spectroscopy in pharmacy and spectrophotometric titrations. UNIT - II Infra red spectroscopy-Vibrational transitions, frequency structure correlations , infra red absorption bands , instrumentation IR spectrometer , sources of IR, collimating systems, monochromators , sample cells, sample handling methods, detectors-thermocouple, golay cells, thermistor, bolometer , pyroelectric detector, instrumentation Nephalometry and Turbidimetry-general principles involved , instrumentation, applications in pharmacy.

100

UNIT - III Fluorimetric analysis-theory, concept of singlet and triplet electronic states, internal and external conversions, intersystem crossing , factors affecting fluorescence, quenching, instrumentation- study of fluorimeter, spectrofluorimeter, applications. Polarimetry(introduction only)- introduction to optical rotatory dispersion, circular dichorism, polarimeter. Flame photometry-theory, nebulization, flame, flame temperatures, interferences, flame spectrometric techniques and instrumentation, pharmaceutical applications. Atomic absorption spectrometry- introduction ,theory ,instrumentation, applications. UNIT IV Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)- basic principle, instrumentation, applications Mass spectroscopy- basic principle, instrumentation, applications UNIT V Thermal methods of analysis- DSC, DTA,TGA- introduction ,instrumentation, applications Radio immuno assay and ELISA Books recommended 1. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-2, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005. 2. B.K.Sharma, Instrumental and Chemical Analysis, Goelpublishers 3. Chatwal & Anand: Instrumental Methods of Analysis, 5th edition,Himalaya publishing house, 2008 4. Mendham et al.: Vogels Text book of Quantitative Analysis, 6th edition, Pearsons Education Ltd., 2008. 5. K.A.Connors: A Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 6. Robert.D.Brown: Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, Pharma Book Syndicate, 2006 7. Gary.D.Christian: Analytical Chemistry, 6th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 8. D..A.Skoog, ,F.J.Holler:,T.A.Nieman Principles of instrumental analysis,5th edition Thomson,Brooks/Cole,2005 9. Willard, Meritt, Dean, Settle, Wadworth,New York Instrumental method of Analysis, 7 th edition , CBS publishers ,New delhi 10. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 11. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol 1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 12. British Pharmacopoeia,British Pharmacopoeia commision, The Stationary Office,6th edition, 2009. 13. Y.R.Sharma, Elementary Organic Absorption Spectroscopy, S.Chand&Co.., New Delhi 14. R.M.Silverstein & G.C.Bassler, Spectrometric identification of organic compounds,John Wiley& sons

101

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 7th Semester (Practical) PURPH 711: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY III 3 hrs. /week 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Preparation & Evaluation of Microspheres Preparation & Evaluation of Matrix Tablets Formulation & Evaluation of Film Coated Tablets Formulation & Evaluation of Enteric Coated Tablets Evaluation of Marketed SR Formulation Formulation & Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery System PURPH 712: BIOINFORMATICS 3 hrs. /week 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. QSAR 3D-QSAR. Docking of polypeptide ligand into a protein. Evaluation of synthesizability and ease of formulation. Modeling of signal transduction pathways and networks. KEGG pathway databases. To carry out energy minimization in a protein/nucliec acid/carbohydrate. PURPH 713: ELECTIVE-I PURPH 713 -IA: ADVANCED MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-I 3 hours/week * PURPH 713: Elective-I (Seminar) Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 713 IA.

PURPH 713 -IB: LABELING AND PACKAGING OF DOSAGE FORMS 3 hours/week PURPH 713: Elective-I (Seminar) Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 713 IB.
*

102

PURPH 713IC: CLINICAL STUDIES 3 hours/week PURPH 713: Elective-I (Seminar) Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 713 IC.
*

PURPH 714: INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 3 hrs. /week 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Determination of absorption maxima for a given solution of the drug(KMnO4 ) Colorimetric estimation of ferrous ions using 1,10phenanthroline Quantitative determination of official drugs and pharmaceuticals by Colorimetry Dextrose, Dapsone, Salbutamol, Analgin ,etc., Quantitative determination of official drugs and pharmaceuticals by UV-Visible spectrophotometry- Paracetamol , Nimesulide , Ibuprofen, etc., Estimation of Riboflavin in formulation by Fluorimetry Estimation of Quinine sulphate by Fluorimetry Nephelometric determination of sulphates Determination of Sodium/Potassium by Flame photometry Determination of Dextrose in Dextrose injection by Polarimetry Infra red spectral graphs /peak identification of samples with different functional groups (COOH, -COOR, -CONHR, -NH2, -NHR, -OH, -CHO, -C=O,)

Books recommended 1. H. Beckett & J. B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4th edition, Part-2, CBS Publishers, New Delhi, 2005. 2. D.. C. Garatt: Quantitative Analysis of Drugs, 3rd edition, CBS Publishers,2005 3. T. Higuchi & E.B. Hanssen, Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 1st edition, A Wiley Inter Science Publications,2005 4. Indian Pharmacopoeia Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commision, Ghaziabad, 2007. 5. United States Pharmacopoeia, USP 32 NF 27, Vol1 & 2, Asian Edition, 2008. 6. British Pharmacopoeia,British Pharmacopoeia commision, The Stationary Office,6th edition, 2009. 7. Willard, Meritt, Dean, Settle, Wadworth,New York Instrumental method of Analysis, 7 th edition CBS publishers ,New delhi

PURPH 715: PROJECT WORK & SEMINAR (LITERATURE REVIEW)

103

Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 8th Semester (Theory) PURPH 801: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY IV (PARENTERAL AND SPECIAL PREPARATIONS) 3 hrs. /week UNIT - I Parenterals: Unique characteristics of parenteral dosage forms, Route of parenteral administration, formulation principles, General guidance for developing formulation of parenteral drugs, Types of parenteral dosage form, General manufacturing process, Water for injection: types, preparation, storage, distribution & purity, Containers: types & physical characterization, closures: materials & composition, Pyrogen: source & control, Production facilities: functional areas, maintenance of clean rooms: personnel, environmental control evaluation, Production procedures, Quality assurance & control. UNIT - II Ophthalmic Preparations: Introduction, Types of ophthalmic dosage forms, Mode of drug administration, General safety consideration, Manufacturing considerations, Manufacturing environment, Manufacturing techniques, Raw materials, Equipments used in ophthalmic preparation, Ophthalmic preparation characteristics. UNIT - III Pharmaceutical Aerosols: Components of aerosol package, Formulation of pharmaceutical aerosols, Stability testing, Manufacture of pharmaceutical aerosols, Quality control tests. UNIT - IV Suppositories: Introduction- dose characteristics, Therapeutic uses, Factors affecting drug absorption from suppository, Suppository base-Ideal characteristics, Types, Manufacturing, Specific problems in formulating suppository, Testing of suppository, Packaging of molded suppositories, Stability problems. UNIT - V Radiopharmaceuticals: Background information, Diagnostic imaging, therapeutic use of radiopharmaceuticals, Radiopharmaceuticals, Positron Emission Tomography, Drug antidote for radiation exposure, Non-radioactive pharmaceutical use in Nuclear medicine, Practice of nuclear Pharmacy: procurement & storage, preparation, quality assurance & distribution of radiopharmaceuticals. Books recommended 1. Leon Lachman, H. A. Lieberman & J. L. Kanig : The Theory and Practice of Indusrtrial Pharmacy, 3rd edition, Varghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1991. 2. M. E. Aulton: Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage Form Design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002. 3. L. V. Allen, N. G. &Popovich H. C. Ansel: Ansels Parmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug delivery systems, 8th edition, Lipincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2005. 4. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21st edition, Lippincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2006 5. K. E. Avis, , H. A. Lieberman, Leon Lachman Ed.: Parmaceutical Dosage Forms: Parenteral Medications, 2nd edition ( Revised and Expanded), Vol. 1, 2 & 3, Informa HealthcareUSA, Inc., Vol 1,2 & 3, New York, 2008.

104

PURPH 802: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY V (EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS) 3 hrs. /week UNIT I In Process Quality Control Tests for Solid Dosage Forms Tablets, Evaluation of Tablets, capsules, microspheres & microcapsules. UNIT II In Process Quality control tests for semisolid dosage forms Ointment, Paste, Gels, Creams, Suppositories, Evaluation of final dosage forms UNIT III Evaluation & quality control tests of liquid dosage forms with special reference to Emulsions, Suspensions, stability of biphasic liquid dosage forms UNIT IV In Process Quality control tests for sterile dosage dosage forms Parenterals, Ophthalmic Preparations Evaluation of sterile dosase forms & their containers UNIT V Evaluation of aerosols. Evaluation of different Pharmaceutical Packaging materials Books recommended 1. Leon Lachman, H. A. Lieberman & J. L. Kanig : The Theory and Practice of Indusrtrial Pharmacy, 3rd edition, Varghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1991. 2. M. E. Aulton: Pharmaceutics The Science of Dosage Form Design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002. 3. L. V. Allen, N. G. & Popovich H. C. Ansel: Ansels Parmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug delivery systems, 8th edition, Lipincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2005. 4. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21st edition, Lippincott William & Wilkins, USA, 2006. 5. H. A. Lieberman, Leon Lachman, J. B. Schwartz Ed.: Parmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets, 2nd edition ( Revised and Expanded), Vol. 1, 2 & 3, Marcel Dekker Inc.,Vol 1, 2 & 3, New York, 2008. 6. H. A. Lieberman, M. M. Rieger and G. S. Banker Ed.: Parmaceutical Dosage Forms: Disperse System, 2nd edition (Revised and Expanded), Vol. 1, 2 & 3, Marcel Dekker Inc.,Vol 1, 2 & 3, New York, 2005. 7. K. E. Avis, , H. A. Lieberman, Leon Lachman Ed.: Parmaceutical Dosage Forms: Parenteral Medications, 2nd edition ( Revised and Expanded), Vol. 1, 2 & 3, Informa healthcare USA, Inc., Vol 1, 2 & 3, New York, 2008. 8. G. S. Banker and C.T. Rhodes Ed.: Modern Pharmaceutics, 4th edition (Revised and Expanded), Drugs and The Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 121, Informa healthcare USA, Inc., 2009. PURPH 803: ELECTIVEII The candidate has to opt for any one of the following electives. The elective in a particular subject shall be offered based on the number of candidates opting for the same.

105

PURPH 803 IIA: ADVANCED MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY II 3 hours/week UNIT - I Synthon approach: Definition of terms - disconnection, synthon, functional group interconversion (FGI),Basic rules in Disconnection, Use of synthon approach in synthesis of following compounds: Trimethoprim, Terfenadine, lbuprofen, Propanolol, Fentanyl, Ciprofloxacin, Cimetidine Piroxicam, Rosiglitazone, Diclofenac, Captopryl, Nifedipine, Losartan. UNIT - II Receptor mapping and QSAR: a. Receptor theories, Stereochemical aspects of drug action b. Pharmacophore identification and receptor mapping c. Three dimensional quantitative structure property relationships (CoMFA, CoMSIA) UNIT - III Protein modeling and rational drug design a. Protein crystallography, homology modelling and drug discovery b. Docking and Structure based drug design UNIT - IV a. Chemical Modifications Influencing the Pharmacokinetic properties b. Xenobiotics, Biotransformation reactions, Designing safer drugs UNIT - V a. Designing prodrugs and bioprecursors b. Macromolecular carriers for drug targeting Books recommended 1. J. H. Block and J. M. Beale: Wilson and Gisvolds Text book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 11th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004. 2. William et al. Foyes Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 6th edition, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2008. 3. D. J. Abraham Ed.: Burgers Medicinal Chemistry & drug Discovery, 6th edition, Vol 1 to 6, John Willey & Sons, Inc., 2007. 4. Andrew R. Leach, Molecular Modeling Principles and Applications, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall. 5. Fenniri. H., Combinatorial Chemistry A practical approach, 1st edition, Oxford University Press. 6. Lednicer, D., Strategies for Organic Drug Discovery Synthesis and Design, 1st edition, Wiley International Publishers. 7. Gordon, E.M. and Kerwin, J.F., Wiley Combinatorial chemistry and molecular diversity in drug discovery, 1st edition, Liss Publishers. 8. Swatz, M. E., Analytical techniques in Combinatorial Chemistry, 1st edition, Marcel Dekker Publishers.

106

PURPH 803IIB: COSMETIC TECHNOLOGY 3 hours/week UNIT I Fundamentals of cosmetic technology, classification of cosmetics, A brief study of raw materials used for Cosmetic preparations: surfactants, humectants, cream bases, aerosol propellants, perfumes, colours. UNIT -II Stability aspects of cosmetics: Shelf-life, effects of environmental factors like light, temperatures etc on product stability. Quality control tests of different cosmetic products, Packaging of Cosmetics UNIT -III Skin Care Products: Anatomy and physiology of skin, formulation of skin cleaners, moisturizers, sunscreen products, acne products, anti ageing creams. UNIT -IV Hair Care Products: Hair structure, Shampoos, Conditioners, Setting lotion, Hair creams, Hair dyes. Dental products: Dentifrices, Oral rinses, Tooth powder, Tooth paste. UNIT -V Colour Cosmetics: Introduction, lip colour, nail polish, face make-up, eye make-up. Personal Hygiene Products: Shaving creams, after shave products. Books recommended 1. H. Butler Ed.: Pauchers Perfumes, Cosmetics & Soaps, 10th edition (1st Indian edition), Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd. 2. M.S. Balsan & E. Sagari: Cosmetics-Science & Technology, 2nd ed., Vol. I to III, Willey Interscience 2008. 3. Cosmetics: Formulation, manufacturing, and Quality control by P.P.Sharma 4. B.M. Mithal, R.N. Saha: A Handbook of Cosmetics, 1st edition (Reprint), Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi, 2010. 5. K. Sampath: A Concise Book of Cosmetic, 2nd edition, Birla Publications Pvt. Ltd., 2008. 6. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy by Lachman L., Liberman, H.A. 7. Modern Cosmetics by Thomson, E.G. 8. Harys cosmeticology by J.B.Wilkimsson. PURPH 803IIC : HERBAL DRUG TECHNOLOGY 3 hours/week UNIT I Definition of Herbal drug, Importance of Herbal therapies, Herbal verses conventional drugs, Safety in herbal drugs, Toxicity in Herbals and their interactions. UNIT - II Herbs used as nutraceuticals and healing agents Herbal cosmetics. UNIT - III Making and using herbal medicines for common ailments like cold, skin infections and diarrhoea. UNIT - IV Analytical Profiles of selected herbs Brahmi Aradrographis paniculata, Aegle marmelos and Gymnema sylvestre.

107

UNIT - V Quality Control and Quality Assurance of Herbal ingredients as per W.H.O. guidelines Determination of tannins, Ash value, Extractable matter and Pesticide residues. Books recommended 1. Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy 15th edition 2. Indian Herbal Pharmacopeia Vol-I and II 3. Quality Control methods for medicinal plant material by W.H.O., Geneva. 4. Quality Control of Herbal drugs by Dr. Pulak K. Mukherjee 5. Botanical safety hand book by Michael Meguffin, Christopher Hobbs published by American Herbal Product Association. 6. Herbal drugs by P.Mukherjee PURPH 804: PHARMACY PRACTICE-II 3 hrs. /week UNIT- I Organization and structure: Organization of a hospital and hospital pharmacy, Responsibilities of a hospital pharmacist, Responsibility of various divisions of hospital pharmacy, Pharmacy and therapeutic committee, Budget preparation and implementation, hospital pharmacy policies. UNIT- II Hospital Formulary: Contents, Preparation and revision of hospital formulary. Drug store Management and Inventory Control: (a) Organization of drug store, Types of materials stocked, storage conditions. (b) Purchase and Inventory control principles, purchase procedures, Purchase order, Procurement and stocking UNIT III Drug Distribution System: Types of distribution system, Outpatient dispensing, method adopted; Dispensing of drug to in-patients, drug distribution to ambulatory patients, distribution of controlled drugs, changing policy, labeling. Central Sterile Supply Units and their Management: Types of materials for sterilization, Packaging of materials prior to sterilization, Sterilization facilities, equipments & methods, Distribution of sterile materials. UNIT IV Manufacture of Sterile & Non-sterile Products: Policy making of manufacturable items, Demands & Costing, Personnel requirements, Manufacturing practice, Master formula card, Production control, manufacturing records Surgical Products: Definition, Primary wound dressing, Adsorbents, Surgical cotton, Surgical gauzes, Bandages, Adhesive tapes, Protective cellulosic hemostatics, Dressings, Absorbable & Non-absorbable sutures, Ligatures, Catguts UNIT V Drug Information Services: Sources of information on drugs, disease, Treatment schedule, procurement of information, Computerizes service (e.g. MEDLINE), Retrieval of information, Medication error. Records and reports: Prescription filling, Drug profile, Patient medication profile, Cases on drug interaction and Adverse reactions, Idiosyncratic cases Etc. Books recommended 1. W. E. Hassan: Hospital Pharmacy, Lee & Febiger, Philadelphia 2. P. C. Dandiya & M. Mathur: A Text Book of Hospital & Clinical Pharmacy, 4th edition, Vallabh Prakashan, 2009. 3. Qadry et al.: A Text-Book of Hospital Pharmacy, 10th edition, B. S. Shah Prakashan, 2009. 4. Tipnis and Baja: Hospital Pharmacy, 1st edition

108

PURPH 805: BIO PHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS 3 hrs. /week UNIT I 1. Introduction to biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics and their role in information development and clinical setting. 2. Biopharmaceutics- Passage of drug across biological barrier (Passive diffusion, Active transport, Facilitated diffusion and Pinocytosis), Factors influencing absorptionPhysicochemical, Physiological and Pharmaceutical. UNIT II 1. Drug distribution in the body and factors influencing drug distribution, Volume of distribution and distribution coefficient. 2. Protein binding, Factors affecting protein-drug binding and its Significance. UNIT III 1. Metabolism- Pathway of drug metabolism, First pass effect, Enzyme induction and Inhibition and their influence on drug activity. 2. Clearance concept, Mechanism of renal clearance, Clearance Ratio, Determination of renal clearance, Extraction ratio, Hepatic clearance, Enterohepatic cycling, Billiary excretion and Extrahepatic circulation. 3. Pharmacokinetic drug interactions- Mechanism of drug interaction, Drug interactions at absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) pathways. Pharmacodynamic drug interactions in polypharmacy, food-drug interactions. UNIT IV 1. Pharmacokinetics- Plasma drug concentration-time profile, Pharmacokinetic parameters, Rates, Rate constants and order of reaction (Zero order, First order and mixed order), Different pharmacokinetic models and their significance. 2. Compartment kinetics- One compartment model based pharmacokinetic derivations (Involving the concepts of (A) experimentally determines rate constant by Wagner Nelson and Looreiglman method. (B) Method of Residual (Curve fitting) (C) Trapezoidal rule) for the following modes of drug administration. Single dose Repeated/Multiple dosing (Plasma data) Continuous or constant rate administration (Infusion) 3. Nonlinear pharmacokinetics- Cause of nonlinearity, Michaeliss Menten equation, Estimation of Km and Vmax, Detection of non-linearity (Saturation mechanism). UNIT V 1. Bioavailability: Types of bioavailability, Measurement of bioavailability- Cmax, Tmax, and AUC and their significance, Relation between drug dissolution and bioavailability, In-vivo-in-vitro correlation, Methods for enhancement of bioavailability. 2. Bioequivalence: Equivalence type, Design of single dose bioequivalence study and related statistics.

109

Books recommended

1. L. Shargel, & ABC.Yu: Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Appleton and Lange, Connecticut, USA. 2. Milo Gibaldi: Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 4th edition (Indian Reprint), PharmaMed Press, 2008. 3. Notari : Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics 4. M. Brahmankar and Sunil B. Jaiswal: Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics A Treatise, 2nd edition, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi, 2009. 5. Venkateswarulu: Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, 1st edition, PharmaMed Press, 2008.
6. Leon Lachman, H. A. Lieberman & J. L. Kanig: The Theory and Practice of Indusrtrial Pharmacy, 3rd edition, Varghese Publishing House, Bombay, 1991. 7. G. R. Chatwal: Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, 1st edition, Himalaya Publishing House, 2003. PURPH 806: COMPREHENSIVE VIVA VOCE PURPH 811: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY - IV (PARENTERAL AND SPECIAL PREPARATIONS INCLUDING EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS) 3 hrs. /week 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Preparation, Sterilization & Filling of Ascorbic acid injection I.P. Evaluation of Ascorbic acid injection I.P. Manufacture of Calcium gluconate injection Preparation of Sodium chloride infusion Preparation of Dextrose I.V. Infusion I.P. Manufacture of Dextrose & Sodium chloride infusion Performance of test for sterility of marketed parenteral preparations and eye preparations Syllabus for Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) 8th Semester (Practical) PURPH 812: PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY V (EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS) Evaluation of market samples of solid dosage forms: Tablets, Capsules etc. Evaluation of market samples of liquid dosage forms: Suspensions, Emulsions, Oral Liquids Evaluation of market samples of semi-solid dosage forms: Ointments, Creams, and Pastes Evaluation of market samples of parenterals, other dosage forms and Cometics Determination of ANC value of marketed Antacid Tablets. Determination of ANC value of marketed Antacid Suspensions.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

110

PURPH 813: ELECTIVE-II PURPH 813-IIA: ADVANCED MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY II 3 hrs. /week * PURPH 813: Elective-II (Seminar) Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 813 IIA. PURPH 813-IIB: COSMETIC TECHNOLOGY 3 hours/week
*

PURPH 813: Elective-II (Seminar)

Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 813 IIB. . PURPH 813-IIC: HERBAL DRUG TECHNOLOGY 3 hours/week * PURPH 813: Elective-II (Seminar) Every candidate shall present two to three seminars covering the topics of each unit of the respective elective paper (Total of atleast 10 seminars shall be presented by each candidate covering the topics of all 5 Units of the respective elective paper). The candidate shall also submit a typed report for each seminar. Each seminar shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher along with the teacher(s) / committee as may be appointed by the Principal as a part of the continuous assessment activity. There shall be no end semester seminar examination for the PURPH 813 IIC. PURPH 814: PROJECT WORK (PRACTICAL WORK) & SEMINAR, VIVA-VOCE Project dissertation (Preface, Objectives General Introduction, Drug profile, Review of Literature, Plan of work, Methodology/ Experimental work and Investigations, , Interpretation and analysis of data, Results and Discussion, summary, Bibliography/ References, Scope for further work. PURPH 815: PRACTICAL TRAINING/ VISITS

111