Soda

All about soda - baking soda, bicarbonate of soda, sodium bicarbonate

Content:
Soda ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 All about soda - baking soda, bicarbonate of soda, sodium bicarbonate ............................................ 1 Content: ................................................................................................................................................ 2 Sodium bicarbonate.............................................................................................................................. 2 27 Ways to Clean with Baking Soda ................................................................................................... 4 Sixty Uses Of Baking Soda .................................................................................................................. 6 How to Drink Soda for Health ............................................................................................................. 8 Health Benefits of Bicarbonate of Soda ............................................................................................... 8 Uses for Baking Soda: Health and Beauty ........................................................................................... 9 Baking Soda Shampoo - ..................................................................................................................... 10 Vinegar Hair Rinse - .......................................................................................................................... 11 Baking Soda: Cleaning Your Bathroom ............................................................................................ 12 Baking Soda: Cleaning Your Kitchen ................................................................................................ 13 Baking Soda: Cleaning Your House .................................................................................................. 16 Baking Soda in the House .................................................................................................................. 17 Baking Soda: Clothing Care .............................................................................................................. 18 Baking Soda: Children's Activities .................................................................................................... 20 Baking Soda: Pet Care ....................................................................................................................... 21

Sodium bicarbonate
Other names
Baking soda, bicarbonate of soda, nahcolite, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate

Sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate is the chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). The natural mineral form is nahcolite. It is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs. It is found in dissolved form in bile, where it serves to neutralize the acidity of the hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach, and is excreted into the duodenum of the small intestine via the bile duct. It is also produced artificially. Since it has long been known and is widely used, the salt has many related names such as baking soda, bread soda, cooking soda, and bicarbonate of soda. In colloquial usage, its name is shortened to sodium bicarb, bicarb soda, or simply bicarb. The word saleratus, from Latin sal ratus meaning aerated salt, was widely used in the 19th century for both sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate. The term has now fallen out of common usage.

History
The ancient Egyptians used natural deposits of natron, a mixture consisting mostly of sodium carbonate decahydrate, and sodium bicarbonate. The natron was used as a cleansing agent like soap. In 1791, a French chemist, Nicolas Leblanc, produced sodium carbonate, also known as soda ash. In 1846 two New York bakers, John Dwight and Austin Church, established the first factory to develop baking soda from sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide.

Cooking
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Sodium bicarbonate, referred to as "baking soda" is primarily used in cooking (baking), as a leavening agent. It reacts with acidic components in batters, releasing carbon dioxide, which causes expansion of the batter and forms the characteristic texture and grain in pancakes, cakes, quick breads, and other baked and fried foods. Acidic compounds that induce this reaction include phosphates, cream of tartar, lemon juice, yogurt, buttermilk, cocoa, vinegar, etc. Sodium bicarbonate can be substituted for baking powder provided sufficient acid reagent is also added to the recipe.[8] Many forms of baking powder contain sodium bicarbonate combined with one or more acidic phosphates (especially good)[citation needed] or cream of tartar. Sodium bicarbonate was sometimes used in cooking vegetables, to make them softer, although this has gone out of fashion, as most people now prefer firmer vegetables that contain more nutrients. Bicarb may react with acids in food, including Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid). It is also used in breadings such as for fried foods to enhance crispness. Thermal decomposition causes sodium bicarbonate alone to act as a raising agent by releasing carbon dioxide at baking temperatures. The carbon dioxide production starts at temperatures above 80 C. The mixture for cakes using this method can be allowed to stand before baking without any premature release of carbon dioxide.

Neutralization of acids and bases

Many laboratories keep a bottle of sodium bicarbonate powder within easy reach, because sodium bicarbonate is amphoteric, reacting with acids and bases. Furthermore, as it is relatively innocuous in most situations, there is no harm in using excess sodium bicarbonate. Also, sodium bicarbonate powder may be used to smother a small fire, as heating of sodium bicarbonate releases carbon dioxide. A wide variety of applications follows from its neutralization properties, including reducing the spread of white phosphorus from incendiary bullets inside an afflicted soldier's wounds. Sodium bicarbonate can be added as a simple solution for raising the pH balance of water (increasing total alkalinity) where high levels of chlorine (25 ppm) are present as in swimming pools and aquariums.

Medical uses
Sodium bicarbonate is used in an aqueous solution as an antacid taken orally to treat acid indigestion and heartburn. It may also be used in an oral form to treat chronic forms of metabolic acidosis such as chronic renal failure and renal tubular acidosis. Sodium bicarbonate may also be useful in urinary alkalinization for the treatment of aspirin overdose and uric acid renal stones. It is used as the medicinal ingredient in gripe water for infants. Bicarb has been known to be used in first aid, in treating scalding, to prevent blistering and scarring with instructions to cover scaled area with a liberal layer of bicarb and seek medical assistance. Intravenous sodium bicarbonate is an aqueous solution that is sometimes used for cases of acidosis, or when there are insufficient sodium or bicarbonate ions in the blood. In cases of respiratory acidosis, the infused bicarbonate ion drives the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer of plasma to the left and, thus, raises the pH. It is for this reason that sodium bicarbonate is used in medically supervised cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Infusion of bicarbonate is indicated only when the blood pH is marked (<7.17.0) low.) It is used as well for treatment of hyperkalemia. Since sodium bicarbonate can cause alkalosis, it is sometimes used to treat aspirin overdoses. Aspirin requires an acidic environment for proper absorption, and the basic environment diminishes aspirin absorption in the case of an overdose. Sodium bicarbonate has also been used in the treatment of tricyclic antidepressant overdose. It can also be applied topically as a paste, with three parts baking soda to one part water, to relieve insect bites. Adverse reactions to the administration of sodium bicarbonate can include metabolic alkalosis, edema due to sodium overload, congestive heart failure, hyperosmolar syndrome, hypervolemic hypernatremia, and hypertension due to increased sodium. In patients consuming a high-calcium or dairy-rich diet, calcium supplements, or calcium-containing antacids such as calcium carbonate (e.g., Tums), the use of sodium bicarbonate can cause milk-alkali syndrome, which can result in metastatic calcification, kidney stones, and kidney failure. 3

Sodium bicarbonate can be used to cover an allergic reaction of poison ivy, oak, or sumac to relieve some of the itching that is associated with it (an alternative to buying hydrocortisone cream).

Personal hygiene
Sodium bicarbonate can be used as an exfoliant. Its particles are rounded and fine in texture, making it both effective and gentle on the skin. Using baking soda as an exfoliating scrub will remove dead skin cells, which can be discoloured from hyperpigmentation and scarring. Sodium bicarbonate is also used as an ingredient in some mouthwashes. It works as a mechanical cleanser on the teeth and gums, neutralizes the production of acid in the mouth and also as an antiseptic to help prevent infections occurring. A paste made from sodium bicarbonate and a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution can be used as an alternative to commercial non-fluoride toothpastes, and sodium bicarbonate in combination with other ingredients can be used to make a dry or wet deodorant. It may also be used as a shampoo.

Baking Soda in sports

Small amounts of sodium bicarbonate have been shown to be useful as a supplement for endurance athletes, but overdose is a serious risk because Sodium bicarbonate is slightly toxic.

As a cleaning agent
A paste from baking soda can be very effective when used in cleaning and scrubbing. For cleaning aluminium objects, the use of sodium bicarbonate is discouraged as it attacks the thin unreactive protective oxide layer of this otherwise very reactive metal. A solution in warm water will remove the tarnish from silver when the silver is in contact with a piece of aluminium foil. Baking soda is commonly added washing machines as a replacement for softener and also to remove odors from clothes. Sodium bicarbonate is also effective in removing heavy tea and coffee stains from cups when diluted with warm water.

Cattle feed supplement

Sodium bicarbonate is sold as a cattle feed supplement, in particular as a buffering agent for the rumen.

Miscellaneous
Sodium bicarbonate can be used to extinguish small grease or electrical fires by being thrown over the fire. However, it should not be applied to fires in deep fryers, as it may cause the grease to splatter. Sodium bicarbonate is used in BC dry chemical fire extinguishers as an alternative to the more corrosive ammonium phosphate in ABC extinguishers. The alkali nature of sodium bicarbonate makes it the only dry chemical agent, besides Purple-K, that was used in large-scale fire suppression systems installed in commercial kitchens. Because it can act as an alkali, the agent has a mild saponification effect on hot grease, which forms a smothering soapy foam. Dry chemicals have since fallen out of favor for kitchen fires, as they have no cooling effect compared to the extremely effective wet chemical agents specifically designed for such hazards. Sodium bicarbonate is used in a process for cleaning paint called sodablasting. It can be administered to pools, spas, and garden ponds to raise pH levels. It has weak disinfectant properties, and it may be an effective fungicide against some organisms.[ Since it acts as a neutralizing agent, it can be used to absorb odors that are caused by strong acids. It is a tried-and-true method of used-book sellers. The baking soda will absorb the musty smell, leaving the books less odorous.

27 Ways to Clean with Baking Soda

here are many non-poisonous products that can be used for basic household cleaning. Next to vinegar, the most useful of these is baking soda. Like vinegar, baking soda has three major things going for it as a cleanser: 4

It's non-toxic. Sure, eaten in large amounts it might make you feel unpleasant, but it's not poisonous. It's multi-purpose. The suggestions in this article are only a few of the many ways that baking soda can be used as a household cleanser. Best of all, it's CHEAP! The cost of baking soda (especially when purchased in several pound large boxes) is far less than that of any other, specialized cleaning agent. Baking soda (or bicarbonate of soda, as it is also known) is a naturally occurring material, present in most organic life forms. It can be "made" from sodium carbonate, or soda ash. The soda ash is dissolved in a carbon dioxide rich solution, and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) precipitates out. As its name suggests, baking soda can be used for cooking. It can also be used medicinally, and, as we will discuss in this article, for cleaning.

In the kitchen
The kitchen is the most likely place to find baking soda. Don't stop with using it for baking, though! 1. A box or small bowl of baking soda in the refrigerator, freezer, or any cupboard will keep away unpleasant odours. 2. Similarly, baking soda will keep away garbage odours; sprinkle the bottom of the pail, and then sprinkle again after you put a new bag in. 3. Grease fires can be put out by sprinkling them with baking soda. 4. To clean surfaces, sprinkle baking soda on a damp cloth. Wipe, and then rinse with clean water. 5. To remove stale smells from food containers, rinse out with hot water and baking soda. If the smell persists, let the container soak overnight in the baking soda and water mixture. 6. To clean silver, use a paste of 3 parts baking soda to one part water. Rub the paste onto each item, then rinse with warm water and dry with a soft cloth. 7. To remove scuff marks or grease spills from the floor, sprinkle with baking soda and then wipe with a warm, damp cloth. This is even safe for no-wax floors! 8. For burnt-on food in the bottom of pots, sprinkle with baking soda, then add hot water. Let soak overnight; the dried on food will come loose much more easily.

In the Bathroom
9.To remove stubborn stains from most surfaces, use a baking soda paste (3 parts baking soda, one part water). Apply, let stand, then scrub or wipe clean. 10. Hairbrushes and combs can be cleaned in a baking soda solution. 11. To avoid clogged drains, pour 1/4 cup baking soda down weekly. Rinse through with hot water.

All around the House

12. To remove scents from a carpet, sprinkle with baking soda. Let stand for at least fifteen minutes, then vacuum. Repeat as needed. 13. If there is a smoker in the house, put baking soda in the bottom of each ashtray to keep away some of the stale smoke smell. 14. Baking soda in the litterbox will help prevent odours. 15. To quickly clean pets and remove "wet dog" odour, sprinkle with baking soda and brush out their fur. 16. To help remove spills, blot as much as possible. Then clean as you normally would. When finished, sprinkle with baking soda. Vacuum. This will decrease the chance that some of the spilled item will remain in the carpet and cause unpleasant odours later. 17. Children's toys can be cleaned using 1/4 cup baking soda in 1 quart warm water. Submerge in this mixture (or wipe with a cloth dampened in it), then rinse with clear water.

In the Laundry
18. Replace half of each measure of laundry detergent with baking soda to keep clothing fresh. 19. To remove grease stains, either add baking soda to the wash load or pretreat the stains with a baking soda paste.

20. Pretreat diapers in their pail with baking soda. This will keep odours from becoming overpowering between washings. 21. Baking soda increases the effectiveness of chlorine bleach. Add 1 / 2 cup to your laundry, along with the usual amount of bleach. 22. If you keep a laundry hamper, add some baking soda every day to keep the hamper from smelling between emptying.

Outside the House (Yard and Garage)

23. Baking soda can be used to help clean up grease spills. 24. To remove burnt food from the grill, sprinkle with baking soda, then soak. After several hours, the charred pieces will come loose easily. 25. Lawn furniture can be easily cleaned with a rinse of 1/4 cup baking soda in 1 quart warm water. 26. The children's pool can be cleaned and have mildew removed by washing with baking soda in warm water. 27. Before packing away your camping gear after a trip, sprinkle with baking soda. If you really get into using baking soda for cleaning, consider buying it in bulk; see if you can join a co-op or if your local natural foods or bulk store can order it for you. After all, it doesn't spoil, and the uses for baking soda are nearly endless!

Sixty Uses Of Baking Soda

Bicarbonate of soda or baking soda has many different uses in the household. Although much more expensive products have been developed over the years to do the same jobs, baking soda can work for you just as well, if not better. Use it in the following ways: 1. To make your own baking powder, stir and sift together 2 parts of Cream of Tartar to 1 part baking soda and 1 part cornstarch. 2. Be sure to keep an extra box of baking soda by your stove in case of grease or electrical fire. Scatter the powder by the handful to safely put it out. 3. Keep a container of baking soda in your garage as well as in your car to put out a fire. It won't damage anything it touches. 4. Baking soda will also put out fires in clothing, fuel, wood, upholstery and rugs. 5. Clean vegetables and fruit with baking soda. Sprinkle in water, soak and rise the produce. 6. Wash garbage cans with baking soda. 7. Soak and wash diapers with baking soda. 8. Oil and grease - stained clothing washes out better with soda added to the washing water. 9. Clean your fridge and freezer with dry soda sprinkled on a damp cloth. rinse with clear water. 10. Deodorize your fridge and freezer by putting in an open container of baking soda to absorb odours. Stir and turn over the soda from time to time. Replace every 2 months. 11. Soda absorbs kitty litter odours. Cover the bottom of the kitty box with 1 part soda; then add a layer of 3 parts kitty litter on top. 12. Always add 1/2 cup soda to your washing machine load. 13. Clean combs and brushes in a soda solution. 14. Wash food and drink containers with soda and water. 15. Wash marble-topped furniture with a solution of 3 tablespoons of soda in 1 quart of warm water. Let stand awhile, then rinse. 16. Clean formica counter tops with baking soda on a damp sponge. 17. Wash out thermos bottles and cooling containers with soda and water to get rid of stale smells. 18. To remove stubborn stains from marble, formica or plastic surfaces, scour with a paste of soda and water. 19. Wash glass or stainless steel coffee pots (but not aluminum) in a soda solution ( 3 tbsp. soda to 1 quart water). 20. Run you coffee maker through its cycle with a soda solution. Rinse. 21. Give baby bottles a good cleaning with soda and hot water. 6

22. Sprinkle soda on barbecue grills, let soak, and then rinse off. 23. Sprinkle soda on greasy garage floor. Let stand, scrub and rinse. 24. Polish silverware with dry soda on a damp cloth. Rub, rinse and dry. 25. For silver pieces without raised patterns or cemented-on handles: place the silver on aluminum foil in an enamel pot. Add boiling water and 4 tbsp. baking soda. Let stand, rinse and dry. 26. Reduce odour build-up in your dishwasher by sprinkling some soda on the bottom. 27. Run your dishwasher through its cycle with soda in it instead of soap to give it a good cleaning. 28. To remove burned-on food from a pan: let the pan soak in soda and water for 10 minutes before washing. Or scrub the pot with dry soda and a moist scouring pad. 29. For a badly-burned pan with a thick layer of burned-on food: pour a thick layer of soda directly onto the bottom of the pan, then sprinkle on just enough water so as to moisten the soda. Leave the pot overnight, then scrub it clean next day. 30. Rub stainless steel and chrome with a moist cloth and dry baking soda to shine it up. Rinse and dry. On stainless steel, scrub in the direction of the grain. 31. Clean plastic, porcelain and glass with dry soda on a damp cloth. Rinse and dry. 32. Remove that bad smell from ashtrays with soda and water. 33. Sprinkle a bit of dry soda in your ashtrays to prevent smouldering and reduce odour. 34. Clean your bathroom with dry soda on a moist sponge - sink, tub, tiles, shower stall, etc. 35. Keep your drains clean and free-flowing by putting 4 tablespoons of soda in them each week. Flush the soda down with hot water. 36. Soak your shower curtains in water and soda to clean them. 37. To remove strong odors from your hands, wet your hands and rub them hard with soda, then rinse. 38. Sprinkle baking soda on your wet toothbrush and brush your teeth and dentures with it. 39. Sprinkle soda in tennis shoes, socks, boots and slippers to eliminate odor. 40. Add 1/2 cups or more of baking soda to your bath water to soften your skin. 41. Putting 2 tbsp. of baking soda in your baby's bath water will help relieve diaper rash irritations. 42. Apply soda directly to insect bites, rashes and poison ivy to relieve discomfort. Make a paste with water. 43. Take a soda bath to relieve general skin irritations such as measles and chicken pox. 44. Take 1/2 teaspoon of baking soda in 1/2 glass of water to relieve acid indigestion or heartburn. 45. Gargle with 1/2 tsp. baking soda in 1/2 glass of water. Freshens and cleans your mouth. 46. Used as a mouthwash, baking soda will also relieve canker sore pain. 47. To relieve sunburn: use a paste of baking soda and water. 48. Bug bites: use a poultice of baking soda and vinegar. 49. Bee sting: use a poultice of baking soda and water. 50. Windburns: moisten some baking soda and apply directly. 51. Making Play Clay with baking soda: combine 1 1/4 cups water, 2 cups soda, 1 cup cornstarch. 52. Use soda as an underarm deodorant. 53. If your baby spits up on his shirt after feeding, moisten a cloth, dip it in baking soda and dab at the dribbled shirt. The odor will go away. 54. When scalding a chicken, add 1 tsp. of soda to the boiling water. The feathers will come off easier and flesh will be clean and white. 55. Repel rain from windshield. Put gobs of baking soda on a dampened cloth and wipe windows inside and out. 56. Add to water to soak dried beans to make them more digestible. 57. Add to water to remove the "gamey" taste from wild game. 58. Use to sweeten sour dishcloths. 59. Use dry with a small brush to rub canvas handbags clean. 60. Use to remove melted plastic bread wrapper from toaster. Dampen cloth and make a mild abrasive with baking soda.

How to Drink Soda for Health

Bicarbonate of soda, better known as baking soda or sodium bicarbonate, has numerous uses--it's a cleaning agent, antacid, fire extinguisher and more. There also are interesting health benefits when you drink baking soda, which is alkaline, in water. Viruses and diseases such as colds, flu, cancer and even heart disease thrive in an acidic body, but cannot survive when your body is alkaline. The 2009 Journal of the American Society of Nephrology revealed a study of 134 patients with advanced kidney disease. Taking baking soda daily dramatically slowed down the progression of kidney disease, resulting in no need for dialysis.

Instructions
1 . To increase your body's pH, take 1/4 tsp. of baking soda dissolved in one-half glass of water on an empty stomach, once in the morning and again before bedtime. Acidity and alkalinity is measured by pH, which ranges from 0 to 14 with 7.0 being neutral; a pH above 7.0 is alkaline, and below 7.0 is acidic. Baking soda has the highest pH of 14. Create a healthy body by keeping your body's pH between 7.1 and 7.5. 2. Drink the baking soda and water solution at the very beginning of cold or flu symptoms, such as a runny nose or sneezing, to help kill the viruses. Keep your body alkaline by increasing fresh fruits and vegetables in your diet. 3. If you're an athlete, swallow sodium bicarbonate supplements with water to buffer lactic acid buildup and improve your exercise performance. Ingest 0.3 g of sodium bicarbonate per 2.2 lb. of body weight, one to two hours before the event, drinking plenty of water. 4 . Drink a glass of water with a half lemon or lime squeezed into it twice daily if you are unable to take baking soda and water. Lemons and limes are acidic but become alkaline in your body, raising your alkalinity almost as well as baking soda.

Tips & Warnings

Test your saliva or urine pH levels inexpensively with litmus paper, the pink and blue strips you may remember from high school science class. Find them at drug stores or consider purchasing pH devices. Do not take baking powder--baking powder is not the same thing as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda. Baking powder contains some baking soda and other ingredients such as aluminum, which is harmful to your body. Avoid drinking anything with bicarbonate of soda if you're on a sodium-restricted diet or have high blood pressure, unless directed by your doctor. Ask your doctor before taking baking soda if you're on prescription drugs. Do not give baking soda with water to children younger than 5. Do not take this baking soda/water solution if you're stomach is full from eating. Check with your sports coach before taking sodium bicarbonate supplements before an event, to make sure it's acceptable.

Health Benefits of Bicarbonate of Soda

Bicarbonate of soda, also called sodium bicarbonate, is more commonly known as baking soda. It is a common item regularly found in kitchens and bathrooms. Used primarily as a leavening agent in baking, bicarbonate of soda also has several health applications, which range from a simple toothpaste and skin cleanser to a medical treatment for certain serious illness.

Antacid
Acid indigestion, heartburn or a sour stomach can be temporarily resolved with a solution of 1/2 tsp. of bicarbonate of soda in half a glass of water. The soda acts as a base to neutralize the irritating stomach acids. This treatment works very quickly, usually reducing discomfort in a matter of minutes.

Mouth Care
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The mildly abrasive qualities of bicarbonate of soda can be applied to oral hygiene. A past of bicarbonate of soda and water can be used as a simple toothpaste to keep teeth clean and white. For those who wish to avoid fluoride in toothpastes, bicarbonate of soda is fluoride-free. To freshen the breath, swish and spit a quick rinse of one teaspoonful of bicarbonate of soda in a half a glass of water.

Bath Soak
Bicarbonate of soda can also be used in a foot soak to soften rough calluses and skin. Adding bicarbonate of soda to a full bath will help to neutralize acids on the skin and wash away excess skin oil perspiration.

Hand Cleanser
Combine three parts water to one part liquid hand soap to create a scrubbing hand wash. This will power away tough grime and dirt without irritating the skin, leaving it soft and smooth.

Deodorant
Dust a powder of bicarbonate of soda lightly under arms to help reduce body odor. As a deodorant, bicarbonate of soda is known to absorb odors rather than covering them up, as some other deodorants do.

Skin Scrub and Exfoliant

A simple paste of bicarbonate of soda and water can be gently rubbed on the skin in a circular motion as an exfoliant. The fine crystals in bicarbonate of soda will remove dead cells and leave the skin feeling smooth and clean. This treatment can be used as both a body and facial scrub and is mild enough to use daily, if desired.

Acidosis
In certain illnesses, such as gout or kidney disease, the levels of acid in the bloodstream or urine can become excessively high. Bicarbonate of soda can be administered either orally as a tablet or powder or intravenously in controlled medical situations where acidosis of the body occurs.

Warnings
When using bicarbonate of soda, ensure it is completely dissolved before taking the solution. Do not take sodium bicarbonate solution as an antacid on a full stomach. If you are on a low sodium diet, taking prescription medications, administering to a child younger than 5 years old or if symptoms last for more than two weeks, consult your physician.

Uses for Baking Soda: Health and Beauty

Baking soda can be a key ingredient in your health and beauty routine. Baking soda was one of the few products many years ago on the market for cleaning your teeth or settling an upset stomach. While we have many more choices today, baking soda still does the trick for these and dozens of other health and beauty tasks. Try it for shaving and shampooing, for minor burns and cuts, or for relaxation in the bath. In this article, you will see that baking soda can be a key ingredient in your health and beauty routine. Let's start at the top with your hair. Squeaky clean hair: Add a teaspoon of baking soda to your usual shampoo bottle to help remove buildup from conditioners, mousses, and sprays, and to improve manageability. In emergencies, use baking soda as a dry shampoo on oily hair. Sprinkle on your hair and comb through, then fluff with a blow dryer. Chlorine remover: Rinse hair with 1/2 teaspoon baking soda in 1 pint water to remove the dullness or discoloration caused by chlorinated pools. Combs and brushes: Hair spray and oil buildup on combs and brushes can be removed by soaking them in a sink of warm water and adding 3 tablespoons baking soda and 3 tablespoons bleach. Hands: Remove fish, onion, or garlic odor from hands with a solution of 3 parts baking soda to 1 part water or liquid soap. Rub mixture in your hands, and rinse off. Elbows: Rub a baking-soda paste onto your elbows to smooth away rough skin. Feet: Soak tired feet in a basin of warm water with 3 tablespoons baking soda. Add 4 tablespoons baking soda to 1 quart warm water, and soak feet for 10 minutes to relieve foot itch. 9

Smooth rough and hardened calluses and heels by massaging them with a paste of 3 parts baking soda per 1 part water. Soothe minor mishaps: For sunburn pain, saturate a washcloth with a solution of 4 tablespoons baking soda in 1 quart water. Apply to affected area. Ease windburn or poison ivy irritation with a paste of 3 parts baking soda and 1 part water. Do not use on broken skin. Relaxing baths: Baking soda added to the bathwater has a softening effect on the skin. Add 1/2 cup to a full bath. Make bubbling bath salts with 21/2 cups baking soda, 2 cups cream of tartar, and 1/2 cup cornstarch. Mix them together, and store in a covered container. Use 1/4 cup per bath. Relieve itchy wintery skin in a bath with 1 cup baking soda and 11/4 cups baby oil in the water. Sponge bath: Freshen up with a washcloth dipped in a solution of 4 tablespoons baking soda to 1 quart water. Deodorant: Apply cornstarch to your underarms with a powder puff first, then apply the baking soda. Nail care: Clean fingernails and toenails by scrubbing them with a nailbrush dipped in baking soda. This also softens cuticles.

Baking Soda Shampoo Clean, Beautiful Hair without Chemicals Baking soda shampoo is an important part of all natural hair care. Most popular shampoos have harsh or even toxic ingredients that can irritate your scalp and/or enter into your bloodstream (see safe cosmetics for more info). Baking soda is a safe, gentle, natural and (as a nice bonus) inexpensive way to get your hair shiny and clean. This "shampoo" is really just a mix of baking soda and water and is also known as the no shampoo method (or no 'poo method for short). For those that have soft water, the process is quite simple. Those with hard water (like me) will have to do a little more work.

Baking Soda Shampoo Recipe for Soft Water

You'll need a squeeze bottle or some other container to hold the baking soda/water mixture. An old shampoo bottle will work fine - just make sure you rinse it out really well. You'll have to adjust the amount of baking soda you'll need depending on how long your hair is, how much chemical buildup you have, whether it's curly or straight, etc. The general formula is 1 tablespoon of baking soda (~15 ml) to 8 ounces of water (~240 ml). Shake it up well and it's ready to use. Wet your hair and apply the baking soda shampoo to your hair, concentrating on the scalp. Work in it with your fingers. Don't worry about working it through your hair. Remember, the scalp is where all that oil originates. Plus, when you rinse the baking soda out, it will run through and clean your hair. Rinse out and follow with a vinegar hair rinse. Don't skip the vinegar step. It's important to balance your hair's pH and seal the hair cuticles. Plus it works great as an all natural hair detangler. And don't worry, you won't smell like vinegar once your hair dries.

Baking Soda Shampoo Recipe for Hard Water

Yes, it is a little more work to get the no shampoo method to work in hard water. But not much more. I have VERY hard water (it practically knocks me over in the shower) and long hair (down past my shoulders). If I can do it, so can you. The problem with hard water is that it is difficult to get the baking soda to dissolve. Therefore, using the method above will result in greasy hair. No worries though. 10

The trick is to boil the water first before adding the baking soda. Boiling will cause some of the minerals (that make the water hard) to precipitate out. You'll see a white film in the bottom of your pot when you're done boiling. Those are the minerals you removed. You'll want to measure the amount of water you add so you'll know how much baking soda you'll need. A good place to start is 1/4 cup of baking soda (~60 ml) per 16 ounces of water (~470 ml). I make 48 ounces at a time. That's just because of the size of the container I use to hold the mix. Bring the water to a rolling boil. Let it boil for about 10 minutes to give the minerals time to precipitate out (yes, the time is important). When the time is up, turn off the heat and add the baking soda (in this case 3/4 of a cup). Add the baking soda SLOWLY as it will fizz and bubble up and you don't want to make a mess. Let the mixture cool and pour into whatever container you want to use. Avoid pouring the minerals into the container (the white stuff in the bottom of the pot). The rest of the directions are the same whether you have hard water or soft. Wet your hair and apply some of the mixture to your scalp. Work in well with your fingers. Your hair should feel slippery from the softened water. If not, you need to add more baking soda or boil for a little longer. Rinse out and follow with the vinegar hair rinse.

Vinegar Hair Rinse It's important to use a vinegar hair rinse after using baking soda shampoo. Just using the baking soda will result in dry, brittle hair. That's the last thing we want when switching over to an all natural hair care routine. But don't worry, you won't smell like vinegar once your hair dries. Baking soda does a great job clarifying (i.e. removing buildup from) the hair and scalp. It is weakly alkaline though which isn't the proper pH for your hair. The vinegar is mildly acidic and counteracts the alkalinity of the baking soda. This reestablishes the hair's natural pH balance. Vinegar also works as a conditioner and natural hair detangler. You'll need to adjust the amount of vinegar (just like the baking soda) depending on how long your hair is, whether it is curly or straight, how damaged it is, etc. A good place to start is 1-2 ounces (30-60 ml) of vinegar to 8 ounces of water (230 ml). If your hair turns out too dry, you'll need more vinegar. If it turns out too greasy, you'll need less vinegar. Cleaning your hair with these two inexpensive ingredients is just as quick as easy as using regular shampoo and conditioner. Here are the steps: Wet your hair well Add a little of the baking soda mixture to your scalp and work in with your fingers. Rinse well. Condition with the vinegar hair rinse - again working it in with your fingers. Rinse well. That's it! It does take a little playing around to get the right amount of both ingredients for your hair. But once you figure it out, you'll be left with smooth and silky hair that will actually be healthy. Remember, conventional shampoos and conditioners contain ingredients that coat your hair strands with chemicals to give the illusion of health.

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Baking Soda: Cleaning Your Bathroom

Baking soda has dozens of uses. Baking soda on a damp sponge can often do the trick for everyday cleaning in the bathroom. Baking soda mixed with the right ingredients can clean mildew stains that plague tubs and showers and make your powder room smell clean and look shiny at all times without much effort. As you've seen, baking soda can make a difference in cleanliness and smell in the bathroom. Let it make a difference in your bathroom. In this article, you will see all the wonderful ways baking soda can beautify your bathroom. Let's start with the toilet.

Toilets
A 1/2 cup of baking soda in the toilet bowl will work for light-duty cleaning. Let it sit for 30 minutes, then brush it away. Remove the stubborn toilet stains by scrubbing with fine steel wool dipped in baking soda

Tubs and Showers

You can clean fiberglass tubs and showers, though a bit of caution is needed since fiberglass scratches easily. Make a paste of baking soda and dishwashing liquid, and wipe it on with a sponge. To reduce ring-around-the-tub and soften your skin: Adding baking soda to the bathwater. Use 2 tablespoons for each tubful of water. For tough grout or tile stains: Use a paste of 1 part bleach to 3 parts baking soda. Stains on nonskid strips or appliqus in the tub can be removed: Dampen the area. Sprinkle it with baking soda. Let the mixture sit for 20 minutes. Scrub the tub and rinse it off. To remove mildew stains on grout: Use a baking-soda paste as described above. Apply the paste. Scrub it with an old toothbrush. Rinse the paste off. To clean mildew stains and do light cleaning of a shower curtain: Sprinkle baking soda on a sponge. Scrub as needed. Rinse the shower well. For soap scum buildup around your tub and sink: Combine 1/4 cup baking soda, 1/2 cup vinegar, 1 cup ammonia, and 1 gallon warm water. Mix them well. Apply liberally. Wear rubber gloves. Make sure the area is well ventilated. Rinse the tub or sink well.

Floors
A tile or no-wax bathroom floor can be cleaned with 1/2 cup baking soda in a bucket of warm water. Mop and rinse the floor.

Drains
For the routine cleaning of sink and tub drains: Pour in 1/2 cup baking soda. Follow with 1 cup vinegar. Let sit for 10 to 20 minutes. Flush with very hot water.

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Odor Control
Musty-smelling bath towels should be deodorized by machine washing. Add 1/2 cup baking soda to the rinse cycle. To add a perpetual air freshener to the toilet area: Keep baking soda in a pretty dish on the back of the tank. Add your favorite scented bath salts to the mix, as well. Change every 3 months. For ongoing odor control: Add baking soda to the toe of old pantyhose or nylon knee-highs, tie, and cut off the excess stocking. Hang the stocking around the pipes under the sink. Sprinkle baking soda in the bathroom trash can after each emptying.

Counters and Vanities

To clean the marble surfaces in your bathroom: Use a paste baking soda and white vinegar. Wipe the marble clean. Buff to bring back the shine. To attack hard water or rust stains on ceramic tile: Use a simple baking-soda paste Scrub with a nylon scrubber. Rinse the area thoroughly.

Showerheads
Remove mineral buildup and improve performance of your showerhead with this remedy: Use 1/2 cup baking soda and 1 cup vinegar. Mix in a sturdy plastic bag. Secure the bag around the showerhead with a rubber band so that the showerhead is submerged in the solution. Soak for 1 hour. Remove, and run very hot water through the showerhead for several minutes.

Baking Soda: Cleaning Your Kitchen

A spotless kitchen can be yours, with a little baking soda. Baking soda can safely tackle kitchen jobs above and beyond the legendary box at the back of the refrigerator. Once you discover the versatility of baking soda, you'll do away with all those cleaners under your sink, and you'll never use oven spray again. Baking soda does so many things in the kitchen that you might be surprised about the kinds of duties it can perform. In fact, a simple homemade concoction can replace most of the commercial cleaners you probably have on your shelf. To make a general purpose cleaner with baking soda, you'll only need: 1 tsp borax 1 tsp baking soda 2 tsp vinegar or lemon juice 1/4 tsp liquid dish soap 2 cups hot water Be sure to wear rubber gloves when working with this mixture. Mix and store in a squirt or spray bottle. Now, we'll examine the numerous ways baking soda can be used in the kitchen, besides cooking:

Rubber, Plastic and Wood

Follow these tips for using baking soda to clean rubber, plastic and wood:

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A baking-soda paste removes stains from plastic and rubber utensils. Apply the paste with a scouring pad or sponge. You can scrub stained plastic storage containers with a paste of lemon juice and baking soda. Renew old sponges, nylon scrubbers, and scrub brushes by soaking them overnight in a solution of 4 tablespoons baking soda to 1 quart water. Deodorize and remove stains from wooden bowls or utensils with a baking-soda solution.

Shiny Surfaces
To clean stainless-steel sinks and other surfaces: Apply a baking-soda paste or sprinkle baking soda directly onto a sponge or clean cloth. Scrub the surface. Rinse the surface. Buff it dry. To clean the exterior of your refrigerator and most other surfaces in your kitchen use a general purpose baking soda cleanser.

Countertops
Abrasive cleansers may scratch Formica. Instead, use a general purpose baking soda cleanser. To remove stains on laminated countertops: Apply a baking soda paste. Let it dry. Then rub it off. Rinse the surface. To clean a countertop made of tile and grout: Use a mixture of 1/2 cup vinegar, 1 cup clear ammonia, 1/4 cup baking soda, and 1 gallon warm water. Apply the mixture with a sponge. Be sure to protect your hands with rubber gloves.

Pots, Pans and Cookware

To clean encrusted grease and food on roasting pans: Dampen with hot water. Sprinkle with baking soda. Let the pot sit for an hour. Sponge it clean. To loosen baked- or dried-on food in the pans: Gently boil water and baking soda in the pans. When the food is loosened, cool the pan. Wipe it clean. Enamel cookware can't handle abrasive cleaners. To clean enamel cookware: Apply a baking-soda paste. Let sit for an hour. Then clean with a synthetic scrubber. Rinse. To remove stains from a nonstick pan: Boil 1 cup water, 2 tablespoons baking soda, and 1/2 cup liquid bleach in the pan for several minutes. Wash the pan as usual. Use cooking oil to reseason. To clean up burned-on stains on cookie sheets: Cover with baking soda. Then cover with hot water. Let soak for 10 minutes. Next, scour the sheet with baking soda and a scrubber. 14

Floors
To clean tile floors: Use 1/2 cup baking soda in a bucket of warm water. Mop the with the solution. Rinse the floor clean. You can remove black heel marks on linoleum or vinyl floors with a damp sponge or scrubber dipped in baking soda.

Ovens and Stoves

To clean induction and glass stovetops: Apply a baking-soda solution. Use a toothbrush to get into tight corners. Wipe the stovetop clean. For a thorough oven cleaning: Leave 1 cup of ammonia in a cold, closed oven overnight to loosen dirt. In the morning, wipe away the ammonia. Then wipe the surfaces with baking soda. To make cut grease buildup on stoves, backsplashes, or glossy enamel surfaces, use this homemade solution: 1/4 cup baking soda 1/2 cup white vinegar 1 cup ammonia 1 gallon hot water Always wear rubber gloves and use in a well-ventilated area.

Coffee and Tea Stains

To clean teapots and stovetop percolators: Fill with water. Add 2 or 3 tablespoons of baking soda. Boil for 10 to 15 minutes. After the pot is cool, scrub and rinse it thoroughly. To clean coffee cup and teacup stains: Dip a damp sponge in baking soda. Rub coffee cup and teacup stains away. Stubborn stains may also require a little salt. To remove rust stains and mineral deposits from teapots: Fill the pot with water. Add 2 tablespoons baking soda and the juice of half a lemon. Boil the solution gently for 15 minutes. Rinse the pot.

Clog Prevention and Elimination

Follow these tips for using baking soda for clog prevention and elimination: Periodically pour 1/2 cup baking soda down your kitchen sink. Follow it with hot water. You can use the old box of baking soda from your refrigerator when you replace it. Baking soda and vinegar will foam your drain clean and help prevent clogs: Use 1/2 cup baking soda: Follow it with 1 cup vinegar. When the foam subsides, rinse the drain with hot water.

Refrigerators and Freezers

Follow these tips for using baking soda in refrigerators and freezers: An open box of baking soda in the refrigerator absorbs odors for up to three months. The same is true of freezers. 15

To remove any unpleasant taste in ice cubes from an automatic ice cube maker, clean removable parts of the unit with baking soda and water. Rub a wooden cutting board with a baking-soda paste to remove odors. Reduce garbage-can smells by sprinkling baking soda in each time you add garbage. Periodically wash out and deodorize the garbage cans with a solution of 1 cup baking soda per 1 gallon water.

Putting Out Fires

Keep a box of baking soda within reach of the stove, but far enough away to be out of range of a fire. Follow these steps to put out fires with baking soda: Pour baking soda directly on the flames to extinguish the fire. Do not use baking soda to extinguish a fire in a deep fat fryer because the fat may splatter. Do not use baking soda on any fire involving combustibles, such as wood or paper. Do not hesitate to call 911 if you think the fire is out of hand. When the fire is extinguished, allow pots and their contents to cool before removing and cleaning.

Baking Soda: Cleaning Your House

Baking soda will help even the most meticulous housekeeper with unwanted scuffs, smudges, and smells around every corner in every room of the house. Whether it's cleaning windows or stained piano keys, removing water marks from a wood floor, or shining up the family silver and china, baking soda can be used in dozens of everyday household chores. In this article, you will see how well baking soda performs in a number of household tasks. Let's start with walls and other surfaces. Remove crayon marks on walls with a damp sponge dipped in baking soda.

Baking Soda Wall Cleaner

Keep this mixture on hand for cleaning walls or other painted surfaces. 1cup ammonia 1 cup baking soda 1 gallon water Mix the ingredients together thoroughly, then apply with a sponge. Wear gloves to protect your hands from the ammonia. Scrub the marks gently, rinsing if unnecessary. Wax from dripped candles can be removed from most hard surfaces with a baking-soda paste. Scrub the surface with a nylon scrubber. A baking-soda paste is best for cleaning chrome surfaces. Apply, then buff dry. Sprinkle baking soda directly onto stainless-steel surfaces, and clean with a damp sponge. Scour soot and ash from fireplace bricks with a baking-soda solution. Rub the baking soda into the bricks with a stiff brush. Tabletops and wood: Remove alcohol stains from a wood table with a paste of baking soda and mineral, linseed, or lemon oil. Rub the paste in the direction of the grain, then wipe with the linseed oil. Rub out the white rings on wood tables with a paste made of equal amounts toothpaste and baking soda. Carpets and floors: Remove water spots on wood floors with a sponge dampened in a baking-soda solution. Clean up pet accidents or vomit with baking soda. Scrub gently into the rug with warm water, and brush. Vacuum the carpet when it is dry.

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Control the odor from pet accidents by leaving a thin layer of baking soda after cleaning. Vacuum the carpet when it is dry. Add baking soda to a vacuum bag to fight the smells that can accumulate there. Once a month, sprinkle carpets with baking soda, let it sit overnight, then vacuum. To make a sweet-smelling carpet freshener with baking soda, follow this recipe: 1 cup crushed, dried herbs (rosemary, southernwood, lavender, etc.) 1 teaspoon ground cloves 1 teaspoon cinnamon 1 teaspoon baking soda Combine the ingredients, and sprinkle over carpet. Allow the freshener to sit for a few minutes, then vacuum. Variations: Mix 1 small box baking soda with your favourite potpourri oil, using just a few drops, and sprinkle on as a carpet freshener. Leave the mixture on the carpet for 10 to 20 minutes, then vacuum. Use 1 cup baking soda, 1 cup cornstarch, and 15 drops of essential oil fragrance. Leave on the carpet for 10 to 20 minutes, then vacuum. Store the mixture in a glass jar or airtight container. We've only begun to tap the potential of the many ways baking soda can improve your home. Keep reading for more unexpected uses for baking soda around your house.

Baking Soda in the House

Upholstery: A fresh stain of oily or greasy food on a cloth chair can be absorbed with equal parts baking soda and salt. Sprinkle the mixture, rub lightly, leave on for a few hours, then vacuum the fabric. Clean vinyl upholstery, such as a recliner or kitchen chair, with a baking-soda paste rubbed on, dried, then wiped off. Control household odors: Freshen blankets that have been in storage by sprinkling with baking soda and rolling them up for a couple of hours. Then fluff the blankets in the dryer without heat. Before storing luggage or travel trunks, place an open box of baking soda inside, and close the luggage overnight. Repeat this when removing luggage from long-term storage. If your waterbed mattress develops a musty odor, rinse it inside and out with a baking-soda solution, then refill it as usual. Use a sponge to gently scrub the outside of the mattress with the solution. Eliminate residue and smells from mops or rags by soaking them in a mixture of 4 tablespoons baking soda and 1 gallon water. Fill the toes of old pantyhose with baking soda, cut off the feet, and tie to secure. Hang the sachet in a room to absorb musty odours.

Cleaning and Dusting

Dust and dirt are everywhere throughout the house. Using baking soda makes it easier to get rid of them. Jewellery: Clean gold and silver jewellery with 3 parts baking soda to 1 part water. Rub the mixture on gently, and then rinse it off. Buff the jewellery with a soft cloth. 17

Shine platinum jewellery with dry baking soda buffed on with a soft cloth. Glassware and knickknacks: Clean stained china with a paste of baking soda and water. To clean glass vases or other containers, fill the container three-quarters full with hot water, add a teaspoon of baking soda, and shake. Let the container sit, and then rinse. Stubborn spots on porcelain surfaces such as lamps, vases, and candlesticks can be cleaned by dipping a damp cloth in the baking soda and rubbing. Windows and blinds: Wash windows with a sponge dipped in baking soda. To avoid dry haze on the windows, rinse them with a clean sponge and plenty of water, and dry. Put dirty venetian blinds in a tub of warm water and 1/2 cup baking soda, soak them for half an hour, then scrub and rinse. Tips and tricks: Stained piano keys can be cleaned with a damp sponge dipped in baking soda. Wipe the key, and then buff it. Use baking soda to simulate snow on your Christmas tree. Permanent filler for nail holes on white walls is a mixture of baking soda and white glue formed into paste. To make a simple silver tarnish remover, boil water and 1/2 teaspoon salt with 1 to 2 teaspoons of baking soda. Place tarnished silverware in a pan with the boiled mixture and piece of aluminum foil. Simmer for 2 to 3 minutes. Rinse the silverware well, and then use a soft cloth to buff dry.

Baking Soda: Clothing Care

A few simple baking soda tricks can make laundry less challenging. Baking soda makes a great laundry product because of its mild alkali qualities. Dirt and grease are easily dissolved, while clothes are softened. It is especially helpful in homes with hard water because it will clean clothes better, and prevent the stain buildup that can come with hard water. In this article, you will see how baking soda can play a role in the care of your clothes. Let's start with the wash. As you'll see, baking soda is a valuable tool in the laundry room. Help keep your clothes clean and fresh with baking soda.

Detergent, Fabric Softener and Bleach

Add cup baking soda with your detergent to freshen your laundry and help liquid detergents work harder. Use baking soda instead of fabric softener. Add 1/2 cup at the rinse cycle. Add 1/2 cup baking soda (only 1/4 cup for front-loading machines) with the usual amount of bleach to increase whitening power.

Perspiration Stains
For perspiration stains: Scrub in a paste of baking soda and water. Let it sit for 1 hour. Launder as usual. To treat stubborn perspiration stains around the collar: Mix a paste of 4 tablespoons baking soda and 1/4 cup water. Rub it in. Add a little vinegar to the collar. Wash the clothes.

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Removing Odours
Clothes can be deodorized by adding 1/2 cup baking soda to the rinse cycle. Remove cigarette smoke smells in clothes by soaking them in a baking-soda solution before washing.

Delicate Clothing
To eliminate the stale smell in handwashables: Soak them in 4 tablespoons baking soda and a quart of water. Rinse well. Squeeze out the solution. Air dry. Prevent nylon items from yellowing by adding baking soda to both the wash and rinse water. Yellowed linens can be brightened by adding 4 tablespoons baking soda to the wash water.

Laundry Accidents
If you've washed a crayon in with a load of clothes: Rewash the load with the hottest possible water. Add 1/2 to 1 full box of baking soda. Repeat if necessary. If you've stained your white clothes by washing them with colored ones, to undo the damage: Add baking soda, salt, and detergent to warm water. Soak the clothing.

Special Stains and Special Clothing

To eliminate alcohol stains caused by perfume: Use a paste of baking soda and ammonia. Test for colourfastness first. Wear rubber gloves, and use this mixture in a well-ventilated area. Dry the fabric in the sun. Then wash them as usual. To remove blood stains: Dampen the area. Rub it with baking soda. Test for colourfastness first. Follow by dabbing with hydrogen peroxide until the stain is gone. Rinse pool chlorine out of bathing suits in a sink full of water with 1 tablespoon baking soda added. Remove crayon marks on clothing by rubbing them gently with baking soda sprinkled on a damp cloth. The chemical finish in new clothes can bother sensitive skin. To remove the finish: Soak the new clothes in water and 1/2 cup to 2 cups vinegar. Rinse them. Add 1/2 cup baking soda to the wash load.

Dry-cleanable Clothing
Some dry-clean-only items can be cleaned with a solution of 4 tablespoons baking soda in cold water. Test for colourfastness first.

Cleaning without Water

To remove a grease spot in polyester fabrics: Rub dry baking soda into the fabric. Brush the solution off. The stain should be gone. To clean suede with baking soda: Applied with a soft brush. Let it sit. Brush it off.

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Smelly Hampers
Freshen laundry hampers by sprinkling baking soda over dirty clothes as they await washing.

Leather
To remove an ink stain on leather: Lay the item flat. Sprinkle baking soda on the stain. Leave on until the ink is absorbed. Brush it off. Repeat if necessary.

Shoes and Socks

To remove black scuff marks on shoes: Rub on a baking-soda paste. Wipe it off. Apply polish. Clean the rubber on athletic shoes with baking soda sprinkled on a sponge or washcloth. Sprinkle baking soda into clean socks before wearing to control odor and moisture. Keep smelly feet at bay by sprinkling baking soda into athletic shoes and street shoes to control odor and moisture.

Baking Soda: Children's Activities

Baking soda can do some amazing things to your children's activities or projects. Mixing a liquid with a solid can form a gas. That may sound boring, but it can be a lot of fun to watch. The various chemical properties of baking soda make for some interesting rainy-day projects for kids and may just pique an interest in science. Build a volcano, make a picture frame, or create a piece of jewelry. In this article, you will see many tips with baking soda to demonstrate some basic principles of science or just to have some fun. Let's start with some simple projects.

Exploring Science with Toys

Jumping seeds: Dissolve a 2/3 teaspoon of baking soda in 1/2 cup of water in a large glass. Add apple seeds from one apple and 1 tablespoon of lemon juice, then stir the mixture. The bubbles will carry the seeds up and down. Magic beans: Fill a vase with water, add food colouring and 1/4 cup of vinegar, then add 3 teaspoons of baking soda. Drop in the buttons, rice, or pasta, and watch them rise and fall like magic. Making a volcano Shape a piece of cardboard into a cone. Insert a 4-ounce cup in the top of the cone to make the crater of the volcano. Stand the cone on a baking sheet. Cover the cone with plaster of Paris. Don't get any of it in the cup. Let the cone dry completely. Paint or decorate the cone to look like a volcano. To erupt the volcano, mix 1/4 cup of vinegar with 1 teaspoon of dishwashing liquid and a little red food colouring. Put 1 teaspoon of baking soda into the crater cup. Then pour the vinegar mixture into the crater.

Play Clay Projects

Baking soda and some other ingredients can be turned into Play Clay, a special dough that can offer hours of fun and be used in a variety of projects. The Play Clay recipe is at the bottom of this page. Make it and let your child unleash their imagination.

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Frame-ups: Capture a child's handprint in Play Clay by pressing into the damp clay. When it is dry, paint and add the child's name and date on the back, then attach a picture hanger. Cut a square or rectangle from Play Clay, then cut a frame opening the size of a favourite photograph. Leave a 1/2-inch border. Use another piece of clay for a stand to attach to the back. Decorate the frame. Create a name plaque for a child's room by cutting out the shapes of letters and attaching them to a rectangular piece of Play Clay as the background. Paint and finish it when it is dry.

Play Clay With Baking Soda

Make this clay and let your children's imagination go wild. The clay hardens as it dries for a lasting keepsake. To get started, you will need the following ingredients: 2 cups of baking soda 1 cup of cornstarch 1 1/4 cups of cold water Food coloring (optional) Mix the baking soda and cornstarch in a saucepan. Add water and stir to mix the ingredients, then cook over medium heat, stirring constantly for 10 to 15 minutes. Add food coloring to the water to make the colored clay. Don't overcook the mixture. The clay should have the consistency of mashed potatoes. Remove the clay to a plate. Cover the clay with a damp cloth while it cools. Make the clay ahead of time and store it for up to one week. Keep it refrigerated in a plastic container, but bring the clay to room temperature before using.

Three Ways to Dry Play Clay Art

Air: Set the clay on a wire rack overnight. Oven: Preheat to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Turn off the oven, and then place the finished objects on a cooking sheet. Leave them in until the oven is cold. Microwave: Place objects on a paper towel, bake them at medium power for 30 seconds, turn over, and bake them for another 30 seconds. Repeat until the clay is dry. Jewellery: Shape beads for a necklace by rolling Play Clay into oval or round shapes. Press a toothpick through to make holes for stringing. String Play Clay beads on thread, shoelaces, yarn, kite string, or fishing line. Tie knots between the beads to hold them in place. To make an earring or brooch, create small shapes with a flat backside, and glue them to earring or pin backings. Play Clay Holiday Ideas: Make fancy napkin rings by rolling out a long, narrow rectangle of clay, then piecing the ends together into a ring. Use cookie cutters to make tree ornaments. While the ornament is still wet, make a hole near the top for hanging. Add an ornament hook or ribbon to hang the ornament. Play Clay Finishing Touches: Paint dry pieces with watercolor, poster, or acrylic paints. Draw with felt-tip pen or waterproof marker. Apply glitter to wet paint. Smooth rough or cracked edges with an emery board. Protect finished Play Clay objects with clear acrylic spray or clear nail polish.

Baking Soda: Pet Care

Baking soda is nontoxic and, therefore, safe for use around your dogs, cats, and other pets. It makes it easy to control odours and clean up accidents that are a natural part of having pets in the family. In this article, you will find many uses for baking soda on your pets: as a dry wash, to tend to bee stings, and to help maintain healthy teeth. Let's start with washing and cleanup. 21

Bathing: Give your dog a dry bath by sprinkling it with baking soda. Rub it in, then brush out the baking soda. For a wet wash, combine 3 tablespoons baking soda with 1 teaspoon dishwashing liquid and 1 teaspoon baby oil in a spray bottle. Sprits your pet, then wipe them dry. Kitty litter: To eliminate odours from kitty litter boxes, sprinkle in 1/2 cup baking soda. Make your own natural litter by mixing a small box of baking soda with 2 to 3 inches of dry, sandy clay. Clean the kitty litter pan by removing the litter and pouring in 1/2 inch vinegar. Let it stand, then pour the material out, and let dry. Sprinkle baking soda over the bottom before adding fresh kitty litter. Pet accidents: To clean up after a pet's "accident," scrub the area with club soda, and let the area dry. Then sprinkle the area with baking soda, and let it stand. Afterwards, vacuum the baking soda. Healthy teeth and gums: You can brush your pet's teeth by dipping a damp, soft brush in baking soda and brushing gently. Maintain your pet's dental hygiene by rinsing its mouth regularly with a solution of 1/2 teaspoon salt teaspoon baking soda in 1 cup warm water. More Tips and Tricks Pets run into a number of problems without even trying. Baking soda can bring some relief. Skunks: If your pet has a run-in with a skunk, wash the pet in a bath containing 1 quart of 3-percent hydrogen peroxide, 1/4 cup baking soda, and 1 teaspoon liquid soap. Rinse your pet well, and then dry them. Discard the unused cleaner. Bee sting relief: After making sure the stinger is removed, cover a bee sting on your pet with a baking-soda paste. Deodorize bedding: Sprinkle the bedding area with baking soda, let the baking soda stand, wait 15 minutes, and vacuum it up. Toenail trimming tip: If you trim your pet's toenails yourself, you may accidentally draw blood by cutting too close. Dip the affected nail in baking soda, and then apply pressure to stop bleeding. Other Critters While baking soda can help dogs and cats, don't leave out the other animals in your house. Baking soda can help them, too. Birdcage: Clean the bottom of your bird's cage by sprinkling baking soda on a damp sponge and scrubbing. Wipe the cage clean until it's dry. Ferret cage deodorizer: To reduce odours in a ferret cage, sprinkle a layer of baking soda over the bottom of the cage after cleaning. Then cover with the appropriate bedding. Saltwater aquarium maintenance: To maintain the proper pH level in your saltwater aquarium, mix 1 tablespoon baking soda in 1 cup dechlorinated water. Add this to the tank slowly, over a couple hours, to attain the appropriate pH level for your fish.

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