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ANTONOV AN-2
Check-list

Normal procedures
Unusual procedures
Emergency procedures
Figures, numbers & facts

N82AN

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Courtesy of Dr. Phil Clarke

& Revised by John Webster

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PREFLIGHT INSPECTION:
1. Cockpit check:
1. Control lock................................REMOVED & STOWED
2. Parking brake...............................................................SET
3. Log book, flight doc. & legal forms...................ON BOARD
4. All switches..................................................................OFF
5. Magneto switch.................................................." 0 " (OFF)
6. Windows.................................................................CLEAN
2. Engine group:
1. Propeller..CLEAN, TURNED CCW 15 - 20 times
2. Engine cowling latches............ALL CLOSED & LOCKED
3. Oil cooler................................................................CLEAN
4. Dust filter (if installed)..........................CHECK POSITION
5. Oil purge............(bottle stowed)..............................DONE
6. Oil quantity.................................CHECKED (50 - 70 litres)
3. Main landing gear:
1. Tires condition & pressure (40 PSI ).............OK
2. Brakes....................................................................CLEAN
3. Check shock absorber compression according to scale:

90 9 mm when airplane weight is 3600 Kg

117 17
"
"
" " 4200 Kg
135 14
"
"
" " 4800 Kg
148 15
"
"
" " 5250 Kg
154 15
"
"
" " 5500 Kg

7920 lbs
9240 lbs
10,560 lbs
11,550 lbs
12,100 lbs

4. Left & right wings:

1. Fabric skin.................................................NO DEFECTS
2. Tie downs & Control locks...............................REMOVED
3. Carrying tapes holding & tighting...........NOT TOO WEAK
4. Lower surface of upper wing.........NO GASOLINE LEAKS
5. Pitot cover.......................................................REMOVED
6. OAT probe cover.............................................REMOVED
7. Navigation & landing lights glasses.....................CLEAN
8. Side fuselage........NO CRACKS, NO DEFORMATIONS
5. Tail section:
1. Shock absorber compression......NORMAL... (50-70 mm)
2. Shock absorber.........................................NO OIL LEAKS
3. Tire pressure......................................................NORMAL
4. Fabric skin of control surfaces....................NO DEFECTS
5. Navigation light...........................................UNDAMAGED
6. Tie downs & Control locks...............................REMOVED
7. Fairing mounting screws..........TIGHT & NONE MISSING
6. Pax - Cargo cabin:
1. Cargo loading, arrangement & mounting..................OK
2. Rear section loading...................................................OK
3. Doors.............................................................SECURED
4. All "remove before flight" flags..REMOVED & COUNT=8

PREFLIGHT

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BEFORE STARTING:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

Propeller(within 10 minutes) PULLED CCW 15 - 20 times

Oil collector can.....................................REMOVED & STOWED
Doorstep..............................................REMOVED & SECURED
Emergency manhole................................CLOSED & SECURED
Magneto switch.........................................................." 0 " (OFF)
Flight controls..............................FREEDOM OF MOVEMENTS
Air system charging valve.................................................OPEN
Air pressure.......................................................... CHECK > 30
Parking brake......................................................................SET
Brake pressure system............................................CHECK > 6
Battery switch......................................................................ON
Bus voltage.................................................................... > 24 V
On control desk, switch ON:
10
fuel tank meter
engine unit gages
flap position & oil cooler shutters indicators
OAT + mixt. T
oil cooler shutters
cowl flaps
fire ext.
warning bell f
Rotating Beacon
Left & Right fuel gages..............................CHECK QUANTITY
Trim tabs........set to neutral....... (3 GREEN INDICATORS LIT)
Oil coolers shutters & cowl flaps............CHECK DEFLECTION
Fuel selector valve......................................................" BOTH "
Fire Extinguisher....................CHECKED (yellow indicator ON)
"Chip Monitoring" button..............................PRESS TO TEST

ENGINE START: if CHT & Oil T > 05 (if not: oil dilution)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Propeller(within 10 minutes) PULLED CCW 15 - 20 times

Propeller control...
.........................FORWARD (Low Pitch)
Mixture control... ..............................BACKWARD (Full Rich)
Fuel master lever.....................................OPEN = FORWARD
Carburetor heater.. ..........................................................OFF
Oil cooler shutter........................................................CLOSED
Cowl flaps...................................................................CLOSED
Fuel pressure (with manual pump)...........................0.25 - 0.35
Primer pump to cylinders.........if CHT < 80 :
2 - 6 injections MAX in the summer (or soon after stop)
6 - 10 injections MAX in the winter
10. Primer pump lever.......................................................LOCKED

BEFORE STARTING - START

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11. MAKE SURE PROP. AREA IS....................................... CLEAR

12. Magneto switch..............................................................OFF " 0 "
13. " Starting seqence " switch.....................................................ON
14. Starter....................ON.........................Until 8 ON AMPMETER
15. Then toggle the switch to interconnect engine shaft
16. Magneto switch........................................................BOTH " 1+2 "
17. After start: fuel pressure with manual pump..................025 - 0.35
Rem: if engine fires back into carburetor, do a few smooth
injections with the primer pump, without touching the throttle
18. Throttle (when engine runs smoothly)...................700 - 800 RPM
19. Check oil pressure..... Normal (> 3).....within 10 sec, if not: STOP
20. "Starting sequence" switch....................................................OFF
21. Generator...............................................................................ON
22. A/C Converter.........................................................................ON
23. Primer pump lever........................................................LOCKED

ENGINE WARM UP:

1. Throttle 1000 RPM until.... Oil T rises, but in less than 3 minutes
2. Throttle 1200 RPM until..........................CHT >100 & Oil T >30
3. Throttle 1600 RPM until..........................CHT >120 & Oil T >50

ENGINE TEST:
- to be done in 4 minutes MAX (insufficient cooling)
- control wheel in backward position all-through the test
1. Establish max. continuous rated power...........................2100 / 9
2. Check "in the green":
Oil pressure..............................4 - 5
Fuel pressure..................0.25 - 0.35
Oil T..................................60 - 70
CHT.......................................< 215
3. Throttle. .................................................................... 2000 RPM
4. Magnetos check (15 sec. each)....................... drop < 60 RPM
5. Throttle.... ...................................................................1900 RPM
6. Propeller.. ............"coarse pitch".........result = 1450 - 1550 RPM
7. Propeller.... .............."fine pitch".........result = 1900 RPM by itself
Rem: repeat 2 or 3 times in cold weather
8. Throttle. ..................................................................... 2100 RPM
9. Set with propeller gov..
1900 RPM & then with throttle 10-15:
engine speed as a result must remain constant
10. Throttle. ................900 RPM................then swiftly back to 1900:
Rem: engine may increase to 2000 - 2050 but stabilize
to 1900 in 3-5 sec.

WARM UP - TEST

1. Throttle.. .................................................................1850 RPM :

A/C voltage................................... > 75.5 V
mixture check : 1-2 cm from extreme forward position
carburetor heater
check (10-15 sec): 150 - 250 RPM
drop. Warning: backfire should not occur this moment
2. Set take-off power for 10 - 15 sec, must have:
Engine speed: 2150 - 2200 RPM
M.P: 10.5 (if more, do not set max throttle for take-off)
3. Set throttle to....................................................IDLE (< 20sec) :
Engine speed.................550 RPM
Oil pressure............................ 1.5
Fuel pressure........................ 0.15
Oil T.............................. 60 - 75
Generator OFF: check Gen warning ON & note the
negative deviation (to the left) of the ampmeter pointer
Generator: ON
4. Add throttle: Gen warning should go OFF at 900-1100 RPM
5. 2 or 3 engine transitions...... IDLE <-> 2100 RPM (in 2 - 3 sec),
CHT must be > 120

BEFORE TAXI:
1. Pax & cargo doors.....................................CLOSED & LOCKED
2. All necessary switches..........................................................ON
3. Flaps upper & lower................................................OPERATIVE
4. Engine control lever positions. ...... ...... ....................CORRECT
5. Indications of engine gages..............NORMAL "All in the green"
6. Fuel quantity in each tank..........................................CHECKED
7. A/C Converter.........................................................OPERATIVE
8. "Artificial horizon, course indic. & gyro compass" switches..ON
9. Gyro instruments.......................................................SLAVED
10. Navigation instruments...............................CHECKED & SET
11. GPS....................................................................................ON
12. Transponder.....(1200)...." STDBY "......& 2 switches.......ON
13. Air pressure in pneumatic system.................................... > 40
14. Wheel chocks.............................................CHECK REMOVED
15. Tail wheel ..............................................................UNLOCKED
16. Block time..............................................................RECORDED

Note : Tail wheel locking has been disabled on this aircraft.

BEFORE TAXI

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TAXI :
1. Lights...............................................................AS REQUIRED
2. If snow or OAT................................................................... < 0
pitot heat...........................................................ON
keep mixture T > 8 with carburetor heater... .......ON
3. All necessary switches.........................................................ON
4. Brakes......................................................................CHECKED
5. In turns, gyro indications.........................................CORRECT
6. ROTATING BEACON ..ON

BEFORE TAKE-OFF:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Voltage & Load meter...................................................CHECK

Navigation instruments & Com's ......................CONFIRM SET
Carburetor heater..... .......................................................OFF
Mixture..... ..........................................................FULL RICH
Fuel selector valve....................................................." BOTH "
Altimeters.........................................................................SET
Gyro compass.........SLAVED & SET TO RUNWAY HEADING
Set trim tabs:
Elevator........DOWN: If heavy for 10 sec.; if not 3 - 5 sec.
Rudder..........RIGHT for 3 seconds
9. Flaps..................................SET FOR TAKE-OFF (usually 15)
10. Flight controls............................FREEDOM OF MOVEMENTS
11. Artificial horizon.......................CHECK NORMAL INDICATION
12. Transponder......................................................set on "Alt "
13. Engine gages.........normal indications: " ALL IN THE GREEN "
14. Cowl flaps & Oil cooler shutters.....................................OPEN
15. Lights..............................................................AS REQUIRED
16. Pax seat belts....................................................FASTENED
17. Take-off time....................................................RECORDED
18. Parking brake....................................................RELEASED

TAXI - BEFORE TAKE OFF

TAKE-OFF:
1. Without flaps:
Engine parameters..........................9 / 2100
Speed up to...................................140 Km/h 75 Kts
then resume climb
2. With flaps (wind < 20 Kts): reduces take-off distance by 35 %
If 15: engine...................................9 / 2100
If 25: engine...................................9 / 2100
If 30 (max weight)......................10.5 / 2200
rotation speed...........................85 - 90 Km/h 48 Kts
Speed-up to ..................................120 Km/h 65 Kts
Flaps over 150 Ft..............gradually drawn-in
Full drawing of flaps at...................140 Km/h 75 Kts
then resume climb

CLIMB:
1. Establish initially.............................9 / 2050 (9 / 2100 if urgent)
2. When altitude > 150 Ft.............................................8.5 / 1850
3. Speed..................................................140 - 150 Km/h 78 Kts
Rem: if max. rate of climb required, keep 5 of flaps
until passing 1500 Ft before retracting.
4. Check :
Oil T...................... < 70
CHT ......................< 215
5. Lights................................................................CONSIDERED

CRUISE:
1. Engine parameters (RPM - M. P.)...................CHECK TABLE
2. Check :
Oil T........................................ 60 - 75
CHT: 120 - 215 (recommended: 150 - 215)
Oil Pressure.................................... 4 - 5
Fuel Pressure........................ 0.25 - 0.35
Compressor pressure...................45 - 50
Voltages.......................> 28.5 V & > 75 V
3. Check mixture T for carburetor heater
need.......if < 0an..
.....................................AS REQUIRED (Max CHT: 215)
4. Flaps................................................................................. 0 ?

TAKE OFF - CLIMB - CRUISE

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DESCENT :
1. Establish................................ 5.2 / 1500 (= 180 Km/h 97 Kts)
2. Maximum speed for descent:
Quiet air.......................220 Km/h 119 Kts
Turbulent air.................190 Km/h 102 Kts
3. Maintain ..........................................CHT > 120 & Oil T > 50
Rem: if necessary close cowl flaps & oil cooler or descent by steps

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Carburetor heater
ON If.................................... OAT < -15
Fuel selector.............................................................." BOTH "
Parking break...CONFIRM OFF & PRESSURE IN BRAKES "0"
Air pressure ............................................................check > 40
Flaps........................................................RESYNCHRONISED
Flaps..as required

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Speed.........................................................< 140 Km/h 75 Kts

Flaps....................................CHOOSE SETTING (usually 15)
Landing lights......................................................................ON
Tail wheel locking..............................................CONSIDERED
CROSS WIND....CONSIDERED

D
E
S
C
E FINAL:
N
T
1. Throttle.. ............................................................................< 5
2. Propeller.... .........................................................FULL PITCH
:

CLEAR OF RUNWAY:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Tail wheel.............................................................UNLOCKED
Landing lights...................................................................OFF
Taxi light..........................................................CONSIDERED
Pitot heat..........................................................................OFF
Flaps....................................................................................0
Transponder.............................................................." STBY "
Cowl flaps & Oil cooler shutters....................................OPEN

DESCENT - FINAL - CLR

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COOLING DOWN & SHUT DOWN:
1. Avionics & XPDR switches.................................................OFF
2. Set throttle.........................................................700 - 800 RPM
3. Cowl flaps & Oil cooler shutters.......................................OPEN
4. Let CHT cool down.......................................................< 120
5. Electrical switches & radios.................................................OFF
6. For a few seconds: throttle........1700 RPM, then.........800 RPM
7. Fuel master valve. .....................................................CLOSED
8. Throttle...PROGRESSIVELY INCREASED DURING SHUT-OFF
9. Cowl flaps & Oil cooler shutters......if T < 100...........CLOSED
10. Air system charging valve............................................CLOSED
11. Controls & ailerons......................................................LOCKED
12. Oil & Air system purges...................................................DONE
If parked outside....................AIRCRAFT MUST BE TIED-DOWN
And Control Locks installed.

Flight Plan Closed ?

COOLING DOWN & SHUTDOWN

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ENGINE TEST GRAPHIC

11

ACCEPTABLE AIRSPEEDS (Km/h)

In turbulent air:
< 190
Diving (2200 RPM) = VNE = 300
To extend flaps:
< 150
With 30 flaps:
< 150
With 40 flaps:
< 130
Minimum in horizontal flight: 120

(Kts)
102
160
85
85
70
65

WIND LIMITATIONS (in Kts):

Take-off & Landings:
Head wind
45 Cross wind
90 Cross wind, no flaps
90 Cross wind, flaps
Taxiing:

Normal
airstrip

Slippery
airstrip

32
14
14
8
32

16
8
6
6
16

AIRSPEED INDICATOR (Km/h)

(Kts)

160
121-160
54 -121
54-70

VNE:
Yellow zone:
Green arc:
Flaps white arc:

300
225 300
100 225
100 130

RATE OF CLIMB at Max. Landing Weight (5250 Kg)

With 8.5 / 1850 @ 140 Km/h 75 Kts:

FL 0 to FL 65 : 600 Ft/min
FL 65 to FL 90 : > 400 Ft/min
FL 90 to FL 120 : > 200 Ft/min
FL 120 to FL 150 : > 100 Ft/min
Rem: service ceiling = 4400 metres at 5250 Kg
=14,400 ft. at 11,550 lbs.

OPERATIONAL SPEEDS

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FUEL CONSUMPTION (From T.O. to LDG):

FUEL SEQUENCE:
1. T.O. & Climb: BOTH
2. Before leveling: RIGHT for 120 - 150 litres
3. then: LEFT for 120 - 150 litres
4. then: RIGHT for 120 - 150 litres...
5. When total remaining fuel is about 300 litres: BOTH
Notes:
Fuel alarm = less than 110 litres remain (55 litres in each tank)
Continuous use of BOTH: more fuel used from the LEFT tank

FUEL

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CARGO WEIGHT versus FUEL QUANTITY IN TANKS:
It is possible to take-off with a crew of two + 75 litres of oil
taking ... Kg of cargo, with litres of fuel on board
1000=2200 lbs
1200=317 gal (max. fuel)
1150=2530 lbs
1000=264 gal
1300=2860 lbs
800=211 gal
1450=3190 lbs
600=160 gal
1600=3520 lbs
400=106 gal
1750=3850 lbs
200 =53 gal (min. T.O. fuel)
MAXIMUM PAYLOAD CALCULATION:

... litres of fuel X 0.72 = ... litres of oil X 1 = ... crew

X 80 = PAYLOAD =

2120 Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg

4660 lbs

ENGINE & ACCESSORY UNITS DATA:

CHT.....................................150 - 215, mini. OAT for starting +5
Oil T.......................................60 - 75,
"
Fuel Pressure:
at power..................0.25 - 0.35
at idle................................0.15
Oil pressure..................................4 - 5
Starter:
max consecutive startings........................................4
min breaks between startings sequences.........20 sec
time of switching ON the electric motor............13 sec
time of turning it manually.............................5 - 6 min
Compressor:
pressure...........................45 50 Kg/sq.cm
max temp................................110
time of max filling from 0........11 min
Converter:
voltage..................................28.5 V
loading current.......................100 A
max loading........150 A in max 2 min

PAYLOAD - CARGO vs FUEL - DATA

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ENGINE MANUAL START (Low batteries, no G.P.U.):

1. Propeller control.
................FORWARD (Low fine pitch)
2. Mixture control....... .................................FORWARD (Full rich)
.........................................700 - 800 RPM Position
3. Throttle...
4. Fuel master lever.. ..............................................FORWARD
5. Carburetor heater... ........................................................OFF
6. Oil cooler shutters.......................................................CLOSED
7. Cowl flaps...................................................................CLOSED
8. Magnetos..........................................................................OFF
9. Manually turn the prop.............................5 - 6 REVOLUTIONS
10. Fuel Pressure (with manual pump)...........................0.25 - 0.35
11. Primer pump to cylinders:
2 - 3 injections MAX in the summer
5 - 8 injections MAX in the winter
12. Primer pump lever..............................................................OFF
13. Battery................................................................................ON
14. Manual crank:
inserted into the special sleeve behind the copilot
turned clockwise gradually increasing speed 'till 80 RPM
15. Starter.................................................................................ON
16. Magnetos...................................................(1+2)............" BOTH "
17. Check oil pressure....Normal (>3)...within 10 sec, IF NOT: STOP
18. " Starter sequence " switch............................................."OFF "
19. Generator.............................................................................ON
20. Primer pump lever.......................................................LOCKED

Note : Most An-2 aircraft in U.S. have had the

manual starting Crank disabled.

MANUAL START

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AT ENGINE START IF FUEL BURNS WHEN
CARBURETOR BACKFIRES:
1. Magnetos........................................................" OFF "
2. Starter control.......................................................ON
Rem: Do not touch throttle at this time

3. If flames do not go out: "FIRE EXTING."...............ON

ENGINE FIRE:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Fuel master lever........ ..............................CLOSED

Fuel selector.................................................CLOSED
Magnetos & Converter...................................." OFF "
Cowl flaps.....................................................CLOSED
" FIRE EXTING. " button............................PRESSED

CARB. BACKFIRE -ENGINE FIRE

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AIR START:
Cure the problem first:
1. Fuel Selector BOTH
2. Low fuel pressure (<0.25).............MANUAL PUMP
3. Fuel shut-off valve...............................FORWARD
4. Too much lean.....................................FULL RICH
5. Carb. icing (mixture T low)....CARB. HEATER ON
Air start: Rem: propeller will always keep turning
1. Set speed...............150 - 160 Km/h 80-85 Kts
2. Throtlle......................................................800 RPM
3. Magnetos....................................... 2-1..." BOTH "
4. Fuel tanks.................................................." BOTH "
5. Fuel Pressure with manual pump.............0.25 - 0.35
6. Mixture...................................................FULL RICH
7. Engine should restart at this point
Rem: if engine has been stopped for a long time, use
the starter for a few seconds.
GLIDING:

130 Km/h - 70 Kts

100 m

800 m
Engine....................................................STOPPED
Propeller.............................................FEATHERED
Any turn .......................= 60 metres loss in altitude

FLY THE AIRPLANE

AIR START - GLIDING

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