DRUG NAME

CLASSIFICATIO N
Anti-infectives

MECHANIS M OF ACTION
Tuberculostatic, it suppresses the growth of tubercle bacilli however the specific mechanism of action is unknown.

INDICATION

CONTRAIN DICATION
Patients with optic neuritis. Should generally not be used in children below 6 yrs of age.

SIDE EFFECT
Retrobulbar neurirtis with a reduction in visual acuity, constriction of visual field, central or peripheral scotoma, and green-red color blindness. One or both eyes may be affected. Retinal hemorrhage, skin rashes, pruritus, leucopenia, fever and joint pains.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Generic Name: ethambutol

Brand Name: Odetol

Ethambutol is used with other antituberculous drugs in the primary treatment of pulmobary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis to suppress emergence of resistance to the other drugs used in the regimens.

Perform visual acuity and color discrimination tests before and during therapy. Assess liver and renal status and function before and during therapy.

Assess patient for visual disturbance t may indicate optic neuritis. Advise patient that compliance with dosage schedule and duration is necessary to eradicate disease.

Dose/ Frequency/ Route

Remind patient to come for follow up consultations including opthalmic appointments.

DRUG NAME

CLASSIFICA TION
Anti-infectives

MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION OF ACTION

SIDE EFFECT
Dose-related hepatoxicity, N/V, anorexia, thrombocytopenia, increased serum iron concentration and adverse effects on blood clotting mechanisms.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Assess patients condition before therapy and regularly thereafter to monitor drug effectiveness. Monitor serum uric acid which may be elevated and cause gout symptoms. Regularly assess for hepatoxicity. Regularly assess renal status. Instruct patient to take drug continuously as prescribed. Remind patient to comply with follow-up schedule.

Generic Name: pyrazinamide

Brand Name: Mycobak

Dose/ Frequency/ Route

Name of Drug Generic (Brand) Vitamin B complex

Classification

Mechanism of Action A coenzyme that stimulate metabolic function and is needed for cell replication, hematopoiesis, and nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis.

Specific Indication Pernicious anemia CONTRA: hypersen-sitive to vitamin B12 or cobalt.

Side Effects

Nursing Implications

Vitamins and Minerals

Dose/ Frequency/ Route

1 tsp. / OD / oral

CV: peripheral vascular thrombosis, heart failure. GI: transient diarrhea. Respi: pulmonary edema. Skin: itching, transitory exanthema, urticaria. Other: anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reactions with parenteral administration, pain or burning at injection site.

BEFORE: Determine reticulocyte count, hct, Vit. B12, iron, folate levels before beginning therapy. Obtain a sensitivity test history before administration Avoid I.V. administration bec. faster systemic elimination will reduce effectiveness of vitamin. DURING: Dont give large doses of vitamin B12 routinely; drug is lost through excretion. Dont mix parenteral preparation in same syringe with other drugs. AFTER: Protect Vit. B12 from light. Dont refrigerate or freeze. Monitor patient for hypokalemia for first 48 hours, as anemia correct itself. Give potassium supplements, as needed.

DRUG NAME

CLASSIFICATION

MECHANISM OF ACTION Inhibits RNA synthesis, decreases tubercle bacilli replication.

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECT

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES Assess laboratory examinations. Monitor liver/renal function. Instruct patient that compliance with dosage schedule for duration is necessary to gain benefits. Caution patient in alcohol while in therapy may increase risk of liver damage. Tell patient to report peripheral neuritis. -

Generic Name: isoniazid

Anti-infectives

Pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

Should not be giver\n to patients with drug induced liver diseas.

Brand Name: Norvit

Various skin eruptions, fever, lymphadenopathy, and vasculitis, hypersensitivity, N/V, GI disturbances, liver dysfunction.

Dose/ Frequency/ Route 200 mg / 1 tsp. OD AC

Name of Drug Generic (Brand) GENERIC NAME: Omeprazole BRAND NAME: Losec (CAN) Antisecretory drug Proton pump inhibitor

Classification

Mechanism of Action Gastric acidpump inhibitor: Suppresses gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the hydrogenpotassium ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cells; blocks the final step of acid production.

Side Effects

Nursing Implications

Antisecretory drug Proton pump inhibitor

Dose/ Frequency/ Route 20 mg / OD / oral

CNS: Headache, dizziness, asthenia, vertigo, insomnia, apathy, anxiety, paresthesias, dream abnormalities Dermatologic: Rash, inflammation, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia, dry skin GI: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dry mouth, tongue atrophy Respiratory: URI symptoms, cough, epistaxis Other: Cancer in preclinical studies, back pain, fever .

C: Antisecretory drug; Proton pump inhibitor H: IVTT E: decrease gastric acid secretion C: Take the drug before meals. Report severe headache, worsening of symptoms, fever, chills. K: Swallow the capsules whole; do not chew, open, or crush them.

Name of Drug Generic (Brand) Generic: (Paracetamol)

Classification

Mechanism of Action Cause analgesia by inhibiting CNS prostaglandin synthesis.

Specific Indication Temporary relief of pain and discomfort from headache, fever, cold, flu, minor muscular aches.

Side Effects / Adverse Reaction Hematologic: hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia. Hepatic: liver damage, jaundice Metabolic: hypoglycemia Skin: rash, urticuria

Nursing Implications Advise caregivers to check concentration of liquid preparation. Assess fever, note associated signs (diaphoresis, tachycardia,malaise) Advise caregiver not to take medication longer than 5 days in children Advise caregiver to take medication exactly as directed.

Analgesics ( Non-opioid) Antipyretics

Dose/ Frequency/ Route 5ml q4 PRN if >37.8 C