SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON STRUCTURAL STEEL
SA-36 /SA-36M
(Identical with ASTM Specication A 36 /A 36M-96)
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1.
Scope
2.
Referenced Documents
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1.1 This specication covers carbon steel shapes, plates, and bars of structural quality for use in riveted, bolted, or welded construction of bridges and buildings, and for general structural purposes.
1.2 Supplemental requirements are provided where improved internal quality and notch toughness are important. These shall apply only when specied by the purchaser in the order.
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1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specication A 6/A 6M for information on weldability.
1.4 The purchaser should consider specifying supplemental requirements, such as ne austenitic grain size and Charpy V-Notch Impact requirements, when Group 4 or Group 5 wide ange shapes are specied for use in other than column or compression applications.
2.1 ASTM Standards: A 6 /A 6M Specication for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling A 27 /A 27M Specication for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application A 307 Specication for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 psi Tensile Strength A 325 Specication for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120 /105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength A 325M Specication for High-Strength Bolts for Structural Steel Joints [Metric] A 500 Specication for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes A 501 Specication for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing A 502 Specication for Steel Structural Rivets A 563 Specication for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts A 563M Specication for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts [Metric] A 570 /A 570M Specication for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Carbon, Hot-Rolled, Structural Quality A 668 Specication for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use F 568 Specication for Carbon and Alloy Steel Externally Threaded Metric Fasteners
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents, therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specication.
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3.
Appurtenant Materials
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3.1 When components of a steel structure are identied with this ASTM designation but the product form is not listed in the scope of this specication, the material shall conform to one of the standards listed
SA-36 /SA-36M
1998 SECTION II
in Table 1 unless otherwise specied by the purchaser. Table 1 does not provide any specication requirements to a manufacturer or processor. Orders to a manufacturer or processor should describe the required ASTM designation for product forms not listed in the scope of this specication. Unless otherwise specied, all plain and threaded bars used for anchorage purposes shall be subjected to mechanical tests and shall conform to the tensile requirements of Section 8; headed bolts used for anchorage purposes shall conform to Specication A 307 or F 568M; and all nuts shall conform to the requirements of Specication A 563, Grade A, or A 563M, Class 5.
6.
Process
6.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the following processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace. 6.2 No rimmed or capped steel shall be used for plates and bars over 12 in. [12.5 mm] thick or for shapes other than Group 1.
7.
Chemical Requirements
7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 2, except as specied in 5.2. 7.2 The steel shall conform on product analysis to the requirements prescribed in Table 2, subject to the product analysis tolerances in Specication A 6 /A 6M. 7.3 When tension tests are waived in accordance with 8.2, chemistry consistent with the requirements in Table 2, and with the mechanical properties desired must be applied.
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4.
General Requirements for Delivery
4.1 Material furnished under this specication shall conform to the requirements of the current edition of Specication A 6 /A 6M, for the ordered material, unless a conict exists in which case this specication shall prevail.
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5.
Bearing Plates
8.
Tensile Requirements
5.1 Unless otherwise specied, plates used as bearing plates for bridges shall be subjected to mechanical tests and shall conform to the tensile requirements of Section 8. 5.2 Unless otherwise specied, mechanical tests shall not be required for plates over 112 in. [40 mm] in thickness used as bearing plates in structures other than bridges, subject to the requirement that they shall contain 0.20 to 0.33% carbon by heat analysis, that the chemical composition shall conform to the requirements of Table 2 in phosphorus and sulfur content, and that a sufcient discard shall be made to secure sound plates.
8.1 The material as represented by the test specimen, except as specied in 5.2 and 8.2, shall conform to the requirements as to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3. 8.2 Shapes less than 1 in.2 [645 mm2] in cross section and bars, other than ats, less than 12 in. [12.5 mm] in thickness or diameter need not be subjected to tension tests by the manufacturer.
9.
Keywords
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9.1 bars; bolted construction; bridges; buildings; carbon; plates; riveted construction; shapes; steel; structural steel; welded construction
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PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
SA-36 /SA-36M
TABLE 1 APPURTENANT MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
NOTE The specifier should be satisfied of the suitability of these materials for the intended application. Composition and/or mechanical properties may be different than specified in A 36/A 36M. Material Steel rivets Bolts High-strength bolts Steel nuts Cast steel Forgings (carbon steel) Hot-rolled sheets and strip Cold-formed tubing Hot-formed tubing ASTM Designation A 502, Grade 1 A 307, Grade A or F 568M, Class 4.6 A 325 or A 325M A 563 or A 563M A 27/A27M, Grade 65-35 [450-240] A 668, Class D A 570/A 570M, Grade 36 A 500, Grade 36 A 501
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SA-36 /SA-36M
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TABLE 2 CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Note 1 Where . . . appears in this table there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as described in the heat analysis section of Specification A 6/A 6M. Plates B 11 212 Bars
Product All 0.26 ... 0.04 0.05 0.40 max 0.20 0.25 ... 0.04 0.05 0.40 max 0.20 0.25 0.801.20 0.04 0.05 0.40 max 0.20 0.26 0.801.20 0.04 0.05 0.150.40 0.20 0.27 0.851.20 0.04 0.05 0.15-0.40 0.20 0.29 0.851.20 0.04 0.05 0.150.40 0.20 To 34 [20], incl Over 4 [100]
Shapes A
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Thickness, in. [mm]
Over 34 to 112 [20 to 40], incl
Over 2 to 212 [40 to 65], incl To 34 [20], incl 0.26 ... 0.04 0.05 0.40 max 0.20
Over to 4 [65 to 100], incl
Over 34 to 112 [20 to [40], incl 0.27 0.600.90 0.04 0.05 0.40 max 0.20
Over 112 to 4 [100], incl 0.28 0.600.90 0.04 0.05 0.40 max 0.20
Over 4 [100] 0.29 0.600.90 0.04 0.05 0.40 max 0.20
Carbon, max, % Manganese, % Phosphorus, max, % Sulfur, max, % Silicon, % Copper, min, % when copper steel is specified
Manganese content of 0.851.35% and silicon content of 0.150.40% is required for shapes over 426 lb/ft [634 kg/m]. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to the maximum of 1.35%.
PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
SA-36 /SA-36M
TABLE 3 TENSILE REQUIREMENTS A
Plates, Shapes, B and Bars: Tensile strength, ksi [MPa] Yield point, min, ksi [MPa] Plates and Bars D,E: Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % Shapes: Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, %
5880 [400500] 36 [250] C 20 23 20 21B
A See Specimen Orientation under the Tension Tests section of Specification A 6/A 6M. B For wide flange shapes over 426 lb/ft [634 kg/m], the 80 ksi [550 MPa] maximum tensile strength does not apply and a minimum elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] of 19%, applies. C Yield point 32 ksi [220 MPa] for plates over 8 in. [200 mm] in thickness. D Elongation not required to be determined for floor plate. E For plates wider than 24 in. [600 mm], the elongation requirement is reduced two percentage points. See elongation requirement adjustments under the Tension Tests section of Specification A 6/A 6M.
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SA-36 /SA-36M
1998 SECTION II
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
These requirements shall not apply unless specied in the order. Standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are listed in Specication A 6 /A 6M. Those that are considered suitable for use with this specication are listed by title:
S5.
Charpy V-Notch Impact Test.
S14. Bend Test.
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PART A FERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS
SA-36 /SA-36M
ADDED SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
In addition, the following optional supplementary requirements are also suitable for use with this specication.
S91. Fine Austenitic Grain Size S91.1 The steel shall be killed and have a ne austenitic grain size.
S97. Limitation on Rimmed or Capped Steel S97.1 The steel shall be other than rimmed or capped.
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