MAHAMAYA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, NOIDA

Syllabus For FIRST YEAR OF BACHELOR OF PHARMACY

(Effective from the Session: 2013-14)
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ABOUT PHARMACY Pharmacy - Branch of medical and engineering concerned with synthesis, analysis, quality control, administrative control, research of drugs and pharmaceuticals. Pharmacy is the art & science of manufacturing drugs & pharmaceuticals & also provides valuable drug information as a member of health care team. A career in pharmacy unfolds a vista full of opportunities leading to a global future for young career aspirant. Furthermore, the job opportunities, working conditions, job satisfaction and monetary benefits are excellent. Excellent global opportunities galore for qualified pharmacy professionals (B.Pharm & M.Pharm) in various countries such as U.S.A., Canada, U.K., France, South Africa, Germany etc. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMME A unique fusion of biology with engineering and technological concepts to develop skillful process techniques for designing, procuring and evaluating various kinds of drugs, drug delivery systems and consumer products. Pharmacy, the health profession concerned with knowledge about drugs and their effects, draws from the chemical, physical, biological and behavioral sciences. It offers diverse opportunities in India and around the world. Here are just a few brief sketches of opportunities pursued by the Pharmacy graduates.

Industrial Pharmacy - Manufacturing of Drugs and Pharmaceutical. Analysis and Testing of drugs and pharmaceuticals. Hospital & Community Pharmacy (Therapeutic remedies, good health and hygiene) Academic (Research and Education in Medical and Pharmacy colleges) Pharmacy Graduates are qualified to run their own Drugs store and Pharmaceutical Industry. High demand of Pharmacy professionals in MNC's (Multi National Companies) in India and Abroad. Research and development (R&D). New Drug Discovery (NDD). Food and Beverage Industry. Process and Formulation Development (Pharmaceutical Product) Cosmetics and Toiletries preparation Industry. Clinical trial, Bioequivalence Studies, Toxicological Studies, Biotechnological research and Manufacturing. Herbal Drug Research and Developments. Regulatory Affairs (Drug controller, Drug Inspectors, Food Inspector, Sanitary Officer, Government Analyst etc). Working Opportunities in reputed states and Central Government Laboratories like CSIR, CIPL, DRDO, Forensic Lab, Central Ayurvedic Lab and testing labs related to Ministry of Health. Excellent Opportunities abroad. Higher Studies Abroad Self-Employment or Business

Performance & Evaluation Scheme

The students shall write internal sessional tests as for all theory subjects besides the End Semester Examination. The internal sessional will have a weightage of 20 marks and the End Semester Theory Examination shall carry 80 marks making a subject of 100 marks. Assignments are to be given to reinforce the objective of the course and ensure total understanding of each unit of subject. I. Evaluation methodology

The evaluation and assessment plan consists of the following components: a. Class attendance and participation in class discussions etc. b. Weekly quizzes c. Home-works and assignments d. Projects e. Sessional examinations f. Final examination Award classification

II.

Assessment procedure will be as follows: Class attendance and participation in discussions will be based on: a. Substantial in-class contribution about class topics and discussion questions b. Response to other students queries c. Contribution in discussion and chat sessions Quizzes a. Quizzes will be of multiple choice types, fill-in-the-blanks or match the columns. b. Quizzes will be held periodically Home works and assignments a. The assignments/home-works may be of multiple choice types or comprehensive type. Projects a. Will be assigned in the mid-part of the course and should be completed and submitted before the end of the course. b. The presentation will be given by each student Sessional and Final examinations There will be comprehensive examinations held on-campus (Internal sessionals) or off-campus (External examination) on dates fixed by the University.

SCHEME OF EVALUATION OF B.PHARM. FIRST YEAR (EFFECTIVE FROM THE SESSION: 2013-14) SEMESTER I
Period (Hours) L PH-111M/ PH-111B PH-112 PH-113 PH-114 PH-115 PH-116 GP-101 Remedial Mathematics / Remedial Biology Pharmaceutical Analysis I Pharmaceutical Chemistry I (Inorganic Pharm. Chem.) Pharmaceutics I (General Pharmacy) Anatomy, Physiology and Pathophysiology I Professional Communication - I General Proficiency 3 3 3 3 3 3 18 P 0 4 4 4 3 0 15 Evaluation Scheme End Semester TOT 20 20 20 20 20 20 P 20 20 20 20 50 Th 80 80 80 80 80 80 P 80 80 80 30 100 200 200 200 150 100 50 1000 3 5 5 5 4 3 25

S. No.

Code

Subject Name

Sessional CT 15 15 15 15 15 15 -

Total

Credit

TA 05 05 05 05 05 05 -

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

L: Lecture Th: Theory

P: Practical CT: Class Test TOT: Total

TA: Teacher Assessment and Attendance

P= 20(5marks for practical exam., 5marks for viva. 5marks for lab. records and 5 marks for quiz). P= 30(10marks for practical exam., 10marks for viva. 5marks for lab. records and 5 marks for quiz). P= 80(20marks for practical exam,. 20marks for viva. 20marks for lab. records and 20 marks for quiz).

SCHEME OF EVALUATION OF B.PHARM. FIRST YEAR (EFFECTIVE FROM THE SESSION: 2013-14) SEMESTER II
Period (Hours) L PH-121 PH-122 PH-123 PH-124 PH-125 GP-201 Physical Pharmacy I Pharmaceutical Chemistry II (Organic Chemistry I) Anatomy, Physiology and Pathophysiology II Computer Fundamentals and Programming Pharmacognosy I General Proficiency 3 3 3 3 3 15 P 4 4 3 4 4 19 Evaluation Scheme End Semester TOT 20 20 20 20 20 P 20 20 20 20 20 50 Th 80 80 80 80 80 P 80 80 30 80 80 200 200 150 200 200 50 1000 5 5 4 5 5 24

S. No.

Code

Subject Name

Sessional CT 15 15 15 15 15 -

Total

Credit

TA 05 05 05 05 05 -

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

L: Lecture Th: Theory

P: Practical CT: Class Test TOT: Total

TA: Teacher Assessment and Attendance

P= 20(5marks for practical exam., 5marks for viva. 5marks for lab. records and 5 marks for quiz). P= 30(10marks for practical exam., 10marks for viva. 5marks for lab. records and 5 marks for quiz). P= 80(20marks for practical exam,. 20marks for viva. 20marks for lab. records and 20 marks for quiz).

SEMESTER - I PH-111M REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS

Course Objective: Basic idea of the course will be to introduce the basic concept of ordinary differential calculus, coordinate geometry, differential equations and matrices to understand the different subjects required for pharmacy. Learning outcomes expected from the course: Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to explain each of the following: a. Understand the concept of matrix that will enable the students to obtain important results regarding the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the linear system of equations. b. Understand the concept of trigonometric angles, their conversion and the transformation formulae. c. Understand the concept of plain geometry, its properties and different forms. d. Understand the concept of ordinary differential i.e. rate of change concept which is useful to pharmacy. e. Understand the underlying concepts and methods of their solution of ordinary differential equations which are useful in understanding phenomena like fluid flow and heat transfer. Details of Syllabus: Unit-I Algebra: 1. Solution of linear and quadratic equations; equations reducible to quadratics 2. Solution of simultaneous equations by Cramers rule, 3. Matrices, properties of matrices, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Inverse of matrices, solution of simultaneous equations by matrices, pharmaceutical applications of determinants and matrices. Unit-II Trigonometry: Measurement of angle, T-ratio, addition, subtraction and transformation formulae, Logarithms: Properties, fundamental laws, types of logarithmics, antilog, applications in pharmacy Unit-III Analytical Plain Geometry: 1. Certain co-ordinates, distance between two points. 2. Area of triangle, locus of a point, straight line. 3. Slope and intercept form, double intercept form normal (perpendicular form). Unit-IV Differential Calculus: 1. Limit and function (Only introductory). 2. Definition and formulation of differential calculus. 3. Rules of standard form of differential calculus. 4. Function of a function (Chain Rule), parametric rule. Unit-V Linear differential equation of order greater than one with constant coefficient. Complimentary function, and particular Integral (X n e ax , Trignometric (sin/ cos ex ). BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. A textbook of Mathematics for XI-XII Students, NCERT Publication Vol. I-IV. 2. Loney, S.L Plane Trigonometry AITBS Publishers. 3. Loney, S.L The Elements of Coordinate Geometry AITBS Publishers. 4. Narayan Shanti, Integral Calculus , Sultan Chand & Co. 11 5. Prasad Gorakh Text book on Differential Calculus, Pothishala Pvt. Ltd., Allahabad. 6. Narayan Shanti, Differential Calculus , Shyamlal Charitable Trust, New Delhi. 7. Prasad Gorakh Text book on integral calculus , Pothishala Pvt. Ltd., Allahabad. 8. Vishal Mehta, Remedial Mathematics for Pharmacy. 9. Shyam, Patkar Comprehensive Remedial Mathematics.

PH-111B REMEDIAL BIOLOGY

Objectives of the course: The remedial biology comprises botany as well as zoology and the objective behind the introduction of the subject is to make the students familiar with the basic concepts of biology. There were several terms used for the study of animals and plants. It encompasses the cellular basis of living things and it also includes the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms and the diversity of life on earth. Biology draws on the sciences of chemistry and physics for its foundations and applies the laws of these disciplines to living things. Desired outcome of the course: 1. Students can define and correctly use scientific terminology in regard to biological organisms and processes as well as apply the relationship between structure and function at all levels: molecular, cellular and organism. 2 Apply principles of scientific inquiry, differentiate a theory from a hypothesis, and differentiate fact from opinion in regard to biological sciences. 3 Students will understand and apply fundamental biological principles from the major areas of biology (ecology, genetics, evolution, cell and molecular biology, and organism biology. 4. Acquire the knowledge about the animal kingdom, classification, morphology, distribution, life history, ecology and economic importance of the invertebrate phyla of the animal kingdom and disease caused by them as well as their prevention and treatment. 5. Morphology and histology of various plant parts as well as modification of some of the plant parts.
Syllabus

Unit-I General survey of Animal Kingdom, Structure and life history of parasites as illustrated by entamoeba, trypanosoma, plasmodium, taenia, ascaris, schistosoma, and oxyuris [08] Unit-II General structure and life history of insects like mosquito, house fly, mites and silk worm. [08] Unit-III Morphology and histology of root, stem, bark, wood, leaf, flower, fruit and seed, modification of stems and roots. [12] Unit-IV Plant cell: Its structure and non living inclusions, mitosis and meiosis, different types of plant tissues and their functions. [08] Unit-V Basic concept of molecular biology (DNA, RNA) [04] Recommended books: 1. Dutta A.C. Botany for Degree students Oxford. 2. Marshall & Williams Text Book of Zoology CBS Publishers & Distributors, Delhi. 3. Fahn Plant Anatomy Aditya Books Private Limited, New Delhi. 4. Weiz, Paul B Laboratory Manual in Science of Biology Mc Graw-hill book company. Web links:1.http://www.cliffsnotes.com 2. http://www.biol.wwu.edu/biology/assessment_grid.shtml 3. http://www.ase.tufts.edu/biology/courses 4. http://www.biology.ufl.edu
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PH 112 PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS-1 Objective of the Course: The course intends to impart knowledge of the basic analytical techniques involved in determining unknown concentrations of different constituents present in solutions or solids using volumetric titrations or gravimetric methods. Particular emphasis on the use of indicators , accuracy and precision in measurement will be given. Desired Outcome of the Course The students must be able to:

Understand that all measurements involve errors and that the analytical procedure is only as accurate as the least accurate measurement. For each technique the sources and magnitudes of errors can be identified and quantified if possible. The magnitude of the error in the analysis can be reflected using the correct significant figures when reporting results. Have complete knowledge of basic terms like morality, normality and weight percent calculation and application based on them. Sufficient in-depth knowledge of pH theory, acid base concepts is acquired so that the theory of acid base titrations can be developed, understood and applied . They should be able to differentiate between acid and base and identify their strength. Sufficient in-depth knowledge of redox theory that is the concept of oxidation and reduction reactions, so that the theory of redox titrations can be developed, understood and applied. An understanding of the buffer solutions and physiological buffers. An understanding of the basic principles involved in precipitation titration, are achieved. An understanding of the fundamental principles involved in gravimetric analysis is achieved.

Unit-1 : Significance of quantitative analysis in quality control different techniques of analysis, preliminaries and definitions, precision and accuracy. Fundamentals of volumetric analysis, methods of expressing concentration, primary and secondary standards. [06] Unit-II: Acid Base Titrations Acid base concepts, role of solvent, relative strengths of acids and bases, ionization, law of mass action, common-ion effect, ionic product of water, neutralization curves, acid base indicators, theory of indicators, choice of indicators, mixed indicators, polyprotic system. [10] Unit-III: Oxidation reduction Titrations Concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, strengths and equivalent weights of oxidizing & reducing agents, theory of redox titrations, redox indicators, oxidation reduction curves, iodimetry and iodometry, titrations involving ceric sulphate, potassium iodate, potassium bromate, potassium permanganate. [10] Unit-IV: Precipitation Titrations Precipitation reactions, solubility products, effect of acids, temperature and solvent upon the solubility of precipitate. Argentometric titrations and titrations involving ammonium or potassium thiocyanate, mercuric nitrate indicators, Gaylussac method, Mohrs method, Volhards method and Fajans method. [06]

Unit-V : Gravimetric Analysis Precipitation techniques, solubility products, the colloidal state, supersaturation, coprecipitation, postprecipitation, digestion, washing of the precipitate, filtration, filter papers and crucibles, Ignition, thermogravimetric curves, specific examples like barium as barium sulphate, aluminium as aluminium oxide, organic precipitants. [08] BOOKS RECOMMENDED : 1. Mendhanm J, Denny R.C., Barnes J.D.,Thomas M, Jeffery G.H., Vogels Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Pearson Education Asia. 2. Conners K.A., A Text book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wiley Inter-science. 3. Beckett, A.H., and Stenlake, J.B., Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol. I&II. The Atherden Press of the University of London. 4. British Pharmacopocia, Her Majestys Stationary Office, University Press, Cambridge. 5. Alexeyev, V. Quantitative Analysis. CBS Publishers & Distributors 6. The Pharmacopoeia of India. Suggested web-links: http://www.nmmu.ac.za http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_analysis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid%E2%80%93base_titration http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox_titration http://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/gravimetric.htm

PH-112P PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS - 1 Objective: The students should be introduced to the main analytical tools through demonstration. They should have a clear understanding of a typical analytical balance, the requirements of a good balance, weights, care & use of balance, methods of weighing, and errors in weighing. The students should be acquainted with the general apparatus requiring various analytical procedures. They should also be able to understand different types of titrations and calculation based on these types. Exp. Experiment No. 1 Calibration of volumetric apparatus and fractional weights. Objective To make aware students from analytical balance, weights, general apparatus, method of weighing, errors in weighing, calibration of volumetic apparatus and weights. Determination of the concentration of an acid or base by exactly neutralizing the acid or base with an acid or base of known concentration. Expected Outcome Knowledge of use of balance, weighing, errors, standardization and calibration of apparatus. Use of the neutralization reaction that occurs between acids and bases and the knowledge of how acids and bases will react if their formulas are known. Understanding of oxidation and reduction titration and the use of equivalent concept as applied to oxidizing and reducing agent.

Acid Base Titrations : Preparation and Standardization of acids and bases, some exercises related with determination of acids and bases separately or in mixture form, some official assay procedures, e.g. boric acid, should also be covered.

Oxidation Reduction Titrations : Preparation & standardization of some redox titrants e.g.potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, iodine, oxalic acid , sodium thiosulphate , ferrous sulphate , ferrous ammonium sulphate etc. Some exercises related to determinations of oxidizing & reducing agents. Exercises involving potassium iodate, potassium bromate, iodine solution and ceric ammonium sulphate. Precipitation Titrations: Preparation and standardization of titrants like silver nitrate and Ammonium thiocyanate, titrations according to Mohrs, Volhards and Fajans methods. Gravimetric Analysis : Preparation of gooch crucible for filtration and use of sintered glass crucible. Determination of water of hydration, some exercise related to gravimetric analysis should be covered.

Determination of the concentration of an oxidizing or reducing agent by redox reaction using redox indicator.

Determination of the concentration of a compound by using the principle of precipitation titration reaction using redox indicator. Quantitative determination of an analyte based on the mass of a solid by gravimetric method.

Understanding of use of precipitation and standardization of titrants. Practical knowledge of use of gravimetric method.

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PH 113 PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-1 (INORGANIC PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY) OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE Inorganic chemicals have been used in pharmacy and medicine for many reasons ranging from therapeutic to nutritional supplements to pharmaceutical necessities. The course is designed to study the principles of inorganic chemistry to pharmaceuticals and to study those inorganic agents used as pharmaceutical aids and necessities or as therapeutic and diagnostic agents. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE On the completion of the course, students will be able to: 1. To acquaint and understand the relevance of inorganic elements including heavy metals as impurities in drugs and pharmaceuticals listed in pharmacopoeia. 2. The students at the end of the course would have a clear concept about pharmaceutical products of inorganic nature, including their preparation and evaluation procedures. 3. To understand the importance of intra and extracellular electrolytes and their applications in various physiological processes and diseases. 4. To study the essential and trace elements and their role and importance as mineral supplements. 5. To understand about the role and application of radiopharmaceuticals. SYLLABUS Unit-I A. Sources of impurities & their control, limit test for iron, arsenic, lead, heavy metals, chloride & sulphate B. An outline of methods of preparation, uses, sources of impurities, tests of purity and identification and special tests, if any, of the following classes of inorganic pharmaceuticals included in Indian Pharmacopoeia. (2010) Topical Agents : Protectives (Calamine, titanium dioxide, talc, kaolin), astringents(Zinc oxide, Zinc Sulphate) and anti infectives (Boric Acid, Hydrogen peroxide, Povidone Iodine, Potassium permanganate, Silver nitrate). Unit-II Gastrointestinal Agents : Acidifying agents (Dilute Hydrochloric acid), Antacids(Bismuth subcarbonate, Aluminium hydroxide, Calcium carbonate, Magnesium hydroxide, Magnesium oxide (light and heavy), Magnesium carbonate (light and heavy), cathartics (Disodium hydrogen phosphate, Magnesium sulphate), protective and absorbents( Activated Charcoal, Light Kaolin, Aluminium sulphate). Unit-III Major intra and extra- cellular electrolytes : Physiological ions, Electrolytes used for replacement therapy, acid-base balance & combination therapy (Calcium chloride, Calcium gluconate, Calcium lactate, Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride).
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Unit-IV: Essential and Trace Elements : Transition elements and their compounds of pharmaceutical importance. Iron and haematinics (Ferrous fumarate, Ferrous gluconate, Ferrous sulphate, Ferric Ammonium citrate), mineral supplements (Cu, Zn, Cr, I ,Se). Unit-V: Inorganic Radio-Pharmaceuticals: Standards and units of radioactivity; I, Co, P their clinical application; dosage, hazards and precautions. BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Block, J.H. Roche, E, Soine, T and Wilson, C., Inorganic, Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lea & Febiger. 2. Discher, C.A.,et.al Modern Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Waveland Press. 3. India Pharmacopoceia, 2010. 4. Atherden L.M., Bentley and Drivers Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, London. WEB LINKS 1. http://www.ionicviper.org 2. http://www.pharmainfo.net 3. http://www.chem1.com

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PH-113P PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMSITRY-I (INORGANIC PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY) Course Objective: To understand the principles involved in Limit tests, salt analysis and some inorganic preparations. To enhance the practical knowledge by obtaining the observations, results and conclusions of lab experiments while conducting the lab experiment by students themselves. Course Pre requisites: Theoretical knowledge of the course contents of inorganic pharmaceutical chemistry. Outcome of the course Learning method of manufacturing, physical/chemical properties, assay, storage and uses of important inorganic substances used for pharmaceutical purpose. Learning biological role of inorganic ions and its possible involvement in various diseases. Learning basic analytical methods for pharmaceutical inorganic substances. Course Content S. No. 1 List of experiments Objectives Expected outcome No. of Labs

To perform limit test of chloride, sulphate, Iron, Heavy metal and arsenic in the given sample

Know about source of impurities & type of impurities Impurities are derived from chemicals reagents Effects of impurities, Fixing the limits for impurities Importance of limit tests, Chlorides, Sulphates, Iron, Lead, Heavy metals, Arsenic & special procedures

Evaluation and use of 5 limit tests to check the purity of compounds.

Salt analysis

Knowledge of chemical substance Processes of manufacturing involved in obtaining the chemical compounds

Identification of elements present in the compound. To become acquainted with the common techniques on the synthesis of inorganic compounds.

Preparation of following compounds:Boric acid Magnesium sulphate Heavy magnesium carbonate Calcium Carbonate Alum Zinc sulphate

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BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Block, J.H. Roche, E, Soine, T and Wilson, C., Inorganic, Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lea & Febiger. 2. Discher, C.A.,et.al Modern Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Waveland Press. 3. Pharmacopoceia of India, 1996 edition. 4. Atherden L.M., Bentley and Drivers Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, London. 5. Dhake, A. S. Belsare, D. P. Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Practical) Career Publication

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PH114 PHARMACEUTICS- 1 (GENERAL PHARMACY) OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE The course is meant to introduce the student to historical development of the profession of pharmacy and official books like pharmacopoeias and national formularies. Besides it aims at providing knowledge to students about different dosage forms like tablets, capsules, syrups etc., their formulation and various additives being used for the same. The student shall also learn about pharmaceutical calculations. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE On completion of course the student should have: 1 2 3 4 5 Unit-I History of Pharmacy: Origin & development of pharmacy, scope of pharmacy, introduction to pharmacopoeias; IP, BP, USP & International Pharmacopoeia. A brief review of development of pharmaceutical education, industries in India. [07] Unit-II Pharmaceutical Additives: Colouring, flavouring & sweetening agents, vehicles, Cosolvents, preservatives, surfactants antioxidants & their applications. [06] Unit-III : Pharmaceutical calculations : Posology, calculation of doses for infants, adults and elderly patients; Enlarging and reducing receipes,reducing recepercentage solutions, alligation, alcohol dilution, proof spirit. [10] Unit-IV Extraction & Galenicals: Extraction processes, study of infusion, decoction, digestion, percolation, maceration & their modifications, applications in the preparation of tinctures & extracts. Factors affecting selection of extraction processes. [07] Unit-V Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: A brief theory of : Solutions, mixtures, spirits, aromatic waters, glycerins, paints, syrups, elixirs, mouth washes, mucilages, lotions, liniments, pastes, inhalations and powders, including illustrative examples of marketed products. [10] BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Pharmacopoeia of India, The Controller of Publications, Delhi. 2. British Pharmacopoeia, Her Majestys Stationary Office, University Press, Cambridge. 3. Carter S.J., Cooper and Gunns Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publishers, Delhi. 4. Rawlins E.A., Bentleys Text Book of Pharmaceutics, ELBS Bailliere Tyndall.
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Better understanding of the aspects and prospects of pharmacy profession. Should be able to refer and retrieve information from official books. Should be able to calculate easily the doses of drugs, formulaes for enlarging and reducing recipes,for preparing solutions of desired strengths. Should have adequate knowledge of various excipients ,their propertiesbe and use. Should be familiar with different dosage forms.

SYLLABUS

5. Lachman L,Liberman H.A and Kanig J.L., Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lea and Febiger. 6. Cooper and Gunns Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, CBS Publishers, New Delhi. 7. Aulton, M.E, Text Book of Pharmaceutics, Vol., I & II. Churchill Livingstone. 8. United States Pharmacopoeia (National Formulary). 9. Remington The Science and Practice of Pharmacy Vol. I & II. Mack Publishing Co., Pennsylvania. * Latest editions of all the suggested books are recommended. WEB LINKS https://pharmacists.ab.ca/nregistrationlicensure/registrationfaqs.aspx und.edu/health-wellness/student-health/services/general-care.cfm portal.utpa.edu/utpa_main/daa.../pharmacy.../pharmacy www.pioneerpacific.edu/programs/.../pharmacy-technician

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PH-114P PHARMACEUTICS-I (GENERAL PHARMACY) OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE The objective of the course is to provide a general preparation of dosage forms methodology and working knowledge of basic pharmaceuticals steps. To understand the pharmaceutical principles and calculations of measuring the various volumetric formulations, to study the quantity sufficient and quantity taken methodology to learn how to prepare and use various prepared dosage forms. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE On the completion of the course, students will be able to: 1 2 3 4 To calculate easily the doses of drugs, formulas for enlarging and reducing recipes, for preparing solutions of desired strengths. Have adequate knowledge of various excipients, their properties and use. Be familiar with different dosage forms. Elementary knowledge of various equipments for carrying out the drug extracts and knowledge of various additives like colouring agents, flavouring agents, sweeting agents

COURSE CONTENT I: Preparation of following classes of Pharmaceutical dosage forms (involving the use of calculations in metrology) as official in IP, BP, USP/NF. a) Aromatic Waters 1. Chloroform water BP 2. Camphor Water BP 3. Rose Water NF b) Solutions 1. Lysol solution IP 2. Strong Ammonium Acetate solution BP c) Syrups . Simple syrup BP/USP/IP d) Elixirs Elixirs USP/NF e) Spirits Ammonia spirit BP f) Powders 1. ORS Powder IP 2. Absorbable dusting powder USP/N g) Lotions 1. Calamine lotion IP 2. Amino benzoic acid lotion BP h) Liniments 1. Methyl salicylate liniment BP 2. Turpentine liniment BP i) Mucilage 1. Starch Mucilage IP
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j) Glycerins 1. Kaolin Poultice BP k) Inhalation 1. Benzoin Inhalation BP l) Tinctures & Extracts 1. Infusion of Tea 2. Decoction of Senna 3. Compound benzoin tincture BP 4. Strong Ginger tincture BP 5. Liquorice liquid extract BP.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1 Pharmacopoeia of India, The Controller of Publications, Delhi. 2. United States Pharmacopoeia (National Formulary). 3. British Pharmacopoeia, Her Majestys Stationary Office, University Press, Cambridge. 4. Pharmaceutical dosage forms and formulations, 6th edition., by C.V.S .Subrahmanyam. .

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PH-115

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY -I Objectives of the course Biology 213 (Anatomy and Physiology I) is the first of a two part course about the structure and function of the human body. At the end of the course, the student will be able to demonstrate competence in understanding topics, such as embryonic development, tissue levels of organization, integumentary system, axial and appendicular skeletons, articulations, nervous system, and muscular system. The student will be provided with a foundation for later studies in healthcare, exercise physiology, and other fields related to health and fitness. The primary objective and outcome of this course is to make the student understand the construction of the human body and how this construction is related to the function of the human body. In Anatomy and Physiology I, include an overview of the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems, as well as discussion of tissues, haemopoietic system and health. Desired outcome of the course The students must be able to: 1. To provide an introduction to the language of anatomy and physiology and use anatomical terms fluently when describing different tissues and organs. 2. To understand anatomy and histology and organization of cells, tissues, and organ systems and be able to recognize the gross and microscopic anatomy of the tissues and organs and also demonstrate how different tissue types interact to create organs. 3. The student will recognize the interrelationship between anatomy and physiology 4. Understand the structure and function of the integumentary system 5. The student will identify the different structural and functional characteristics of the four primary tissue groups: Epithelial Connective Muscle Nerve 6. Understand the structure and function of the skeletal system 7. How the integumentary system, skeletal system and muscular system each function in protection, support and movement. 8. Understand the composition and function of blood 9. Explain the basic concepts of health Syllabus
Unit I a. Definition and scope of anatomy, physiology and related sciences, Anatomical terms in relation to parts of the body, system and organs. b. Introduction to human body & organisation of human body. c. Functional & structural characteristics of cell. d. Detailed structure of cell membrane & physiology of transport process. 19

e. Structural & functional characteristics of tissues- epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve. Unit-II Skeletal system - Structure, composition & functions of skeleton. Classification of joints, types of movements of joints. Unit-III Anatomy & physiology of skeletal & smooth muscle, neurotransmission, physiology of skeletal muscle contraction, energy metabolism, types of muscle contraction, muscle tone. Unit-IV Haemopoietic system - Composition & function of blood & its elements, erythopoesis, blood groups, blood coagulation, anemia Unit-V a) Concepts of health & disease: Disease causing agents & prevention of disease. b) Classification of food requirements: Balanced diet, Nutritional deficiency disorders, their treatment & prevention.

Books recommended
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Difore S.H. Atlas of Normal Histology Lea & Febiger Philadelphia. Guyton AC, Hall JE., Text book of Medical Physiology, WB Saunders Company. Chatterjee C.C. Human Physiology, Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta. Ross & Wilson Anatomy & Physiology in Health & Illness, Churchill Livingstone. Tortora GJ, & Anagnodokos NP Principles of Anatomy & Physiology, Harper & Row Publishers, New Delhi. Parmar N.S. Health Education & Community Pharmacy CBS Publishers, Delhi. Shalya Subhash Human Physiology CBS Publishers & Distributors. Keele, C.A., Niel, E and Joels N, Samson Wrights Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press.

Suggested web links : 1. http://www.esoph.org/af/books/Essentials%20of%20Human%20Physiology%20for%20Pharmacy.pdf 2. http://www.daytonastate.edu/asc/files/science47.pdf

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PH-115P ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY -I (PRACTICAL) Objectives of the course:

The objectives of this course are to provide a clear and thorough practical working knowledge of the Anatomy and Physiology of all the major systems within the human body.

Exp.No. Experiment
1. To study different parts of compound microscope To study different histology slides of human tissues

Objective
To study different parts of compound microscope To study different slides of tissues including nervous tissues , integumentary tissues, connective tissues etc. To study structure and identification of different bones of Human Skeleton To estimate hemoglobin in a sample of blood

Expected outcome
Students will familiar with the parts and handling of microscope The student will know name, description, functions and locations of tissue types within each groups The student will identify the following structures of the various bones and their associated functions The student will learn how to determine the hemoglobin concentration in blood The student will know about bleeding time The student will know about clotting time and various clotting factor The students will know about Red Blood Cell count in c/mm3 The student will distinguish among the formed elements of blood (erythrocytes, various leukocytes, and thrombocytes) and describe their functions The student will familiar with leukocyte count in blood The student will know about different blood group and how to find out.

2.

3.

To study different bones of Human Skeleton (Osteology)

4.

To estimate hemoglobin in own sample of blood

5. 6.

Determination of bleeding time To determine clotting time of given sample of blood To estimate Red Blood Cell Count in a given sample of blood To determine complete blood cell count (CBC) in given sample of blood

To estimate bleeding time in a sample of blood To determine clotting time of given sample of blood To count Red Blood Cell in a given sample of blood To count WBC, RBC, and Platelets, as will as, counting cells in other body fluids complete blood cell count (CBC)

7.

8.

9.

To determine differential leukocyte count of given sample of blood To study blood group of given sample

10.

To determine differential leukocyte count of given sample of blood To study blood group of given sample of blood

21

Desired outcome of the course The students must be able to:

1. Study of human skeleton. 2. Microscopic study of different tissues. 3. Estimation of haemoglobin in blood, Determination of bleeding time, clotting time, R.B.C, Count, Total leucocyte count, D.L.C. and E.S.R. 4. Recording of body temperature, pulse rate and blood pressure, basic understanding of electrocardiogram PQRST waves and their significance. Books Recommended

1. Ranade VG, Text Book of Practical Physiology, Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune. 2. S.R. Kale and R.R. Kale,Practical Human Anatomy and Physiology. Nirali Prakashan. 3. Chaudhari, A.R., Textbook of Practical Physiology. Paras Publishers, New Delhi. 4. Chaudhari, A.R., Viva in Physiology. Paras Publishers, New Delhi. 5. DiFiore-Mariano, S.H., Atlas of Human Histology. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. 6. Garg, K., Bahel, I. and Kaul, M., A Textbook of Histology. CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi. 7. Goyal, R.K., Patel, N.M. and Shah, S.A., Practical Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry. B. S. Shah Prakashan, Ahmedabad. 8. Ranade, V.G., Joshi, P.N. and Pradhan, S., Textbook of Practical Physiology. Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune. 9. Singh, I., BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy. CBS Publisher and Distributors, New Delhi. 10. Singh, I., Textbook of Human Histology. Jaypee brothers Medical Publishers, New Delhi.

Suggestive web links

1. http://academic.pgcc.edu/~aimholtz/AandP/Practicals.html 2. http://quizlet.com/21989521/muscular-system-lab-practical/

22

PH-116 PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION-I Objectives of the course: The subject Professional Communication-I has been incorporated into the curriculum to equip the aspiring professionals with adequate communication skills required for the global work scenario. It is a comprehensive curriculum taking into consideration all the aspects of written and spoken communication that the student would be requiring during their work life. Desired outcome of the course: The student must be able to: i. ii. Write grammatically correct sentences for various forms of written communication. Be able to comprehend, communicate and participate in day-to-day events.

UNIT-I English Grammar Parts of speech, Articles, Preposition, Tenses, Active-Passive Voice, Direct- Indirect speech. [12] UNIT-II Letter writing, Prcis and Essay writing, Comprehension Speed reading, scanning & swimming. [08] UNIT-III Working on accent neutralisation, pauses, stresses, non words, voice modulation, Eye contact for small & large groups. [08] UNIT-IV Presentation techniques, - Tips Importance of non-verbal communication, debates, Role plays. [06] UNIT-V Personality types. Decision making Motivation Attitude Thinking [06] Suggested Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. Wren P.C and Martin H., High School Grammar and Composition, S. Chand & Co. Robbins, S Organizational Behaviour Aruna Koneru, Professional Communication, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 2010. John Fiske, Introduction to Communication Studies, Routledge, London, 1990.

Suggested Web Links: http://www.englishclub.com/ http://www.englishlearning.com/ http://www.usingenglish.com/dictionary.html

23

SEMESTER- II PH-121 PHYSICAL PHARMACY-1 OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE This subject is taught to give the students an exposure about the basic technologies used in pharmacy and different types of properties of pharmaceuticals and knowledge about physical processes used in pharmacy. This course is designed to bridge Pharmacy with physical chemistry. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE On the completion of the course, students will be able to understand the basic principles of physical pharmacy with reference to
a. Intermolecular forces that act upon the physical properties of materials (plasticity, tensile strength, surface

tension in liquids).
b. Number of phases, number of components and degree of freedom (or variance) can be correlated with one another with help of phase rule, number of phases, number of components and degree of freedom (or variance)

can be correlated with one another with help of phase rule.

c. Transfer of heat between a chemical system and its surroundings during change of phase or chemical

reaction or dissolution
d. Study of colligative properties of number of species present in solution, ionization, and the stability of drugs

under certain conditions.

e. Students are introduced to the reaction kinetics and enzymatic reactions.

SYLLABUS Unit-I Matter, properties of Matter: States of matter, change in the state of matter, latent heat and vapor pressure, sublimation critical point, Eutectic mixtures, gases, aerosols-inhalers, relative humidity, liquid complexes, liquid crystals, glassy state, solids-crystalline, amorphous and polymorphism [08] Unit-II Solubility and distribution phenomenon: solute-solvent interactions, solubility of gases in liquids, solubility of liquids in liquids, solubility of solids in liquids, factors affecting solubility. Phase equilibria: Phase, component, degree of freedom, phase rule, one & two component system, Distribution law [08] Unit-III pH, salt hydrolysis, Henderson-Hasselbach equation Buffers: buffers equation & buffer capacity in general buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, solubility buffered isotonic solutions measurement of tonicity, calculation & methods of adjusting isotonicity. [08]
24

Unit-IV Solutions: Ideal and real solutions, solutions of gases in liquids, colligative properties, partition coefficient, conductance and its measurement Debye Huckel theory [08] Unit-V Chemical kinetics: Zero, first and second order reaction, complex reactions, theories of reaction kinetics, characteristics of homogenous and heterogeneous catalysis, acid base and enzyme catalysis. [08]

BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Pali S.R., and Prabartak, S.K.D.E., Practical Physical Chemistry, Haltone Limited, Calcutta. 2. Shoemaker, D.P. Garland, C.W., Experiments of Physical Chemistry, MC Graw Hill Book Co. 3. Bahl B.S., Tuli G.D. & Bahl Arun, Essential of Physical Chemistry, S. Chand & Co. 4. Negi A.S. & Anand S.C.Textbook of Physical Chemistry Wiley Eastern Ltd. 5. Glasstone S. & Lewis D, Elements of Physical Chemistry, Macmillan Education. 6. Atkins P & Paula, J.D. Atkins Physical Chemistry Oxford University Press. 7. Martin A, Bustamante P. & Chun A.H.C- Physical Pharmacy, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia. 8. Shotten E & Ridgaway K, Physical Pharmaceutics, Oxford University Press, London. 9. D.V.Derle , Essentials of Physical Pharmacy.

WEB LINKS 1. http://www.mchmultimedia.com/store/Physical-Chemistry-ebooks.html 2. http://www.joachimschummer.net/jslit/physchem.htm

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PH-121P PHYSICAL PHARMACY-1 OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE To recognize that it is an area of pharmacy which employs the precise mathematical concept. It gives opportunity to observe changes in physical chemistry taking place, to acquire manipulative skills and to provide experience in making observations in a critical manner. To learn the basic laboratory techniques pertaining physical with reference to physical properties of liquids, reaction kinetics, distribution coefficient and pH. To learn how to operate the instruments like pH meter, conductivity meter, polarimeter and refractometer. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE On the completion of the course, students will be able to: 1. Design physical pharmacy experiments. 2. To formulate a problem in mathematical terms and visualizing the physical implication of an equation or expression that comes out of the theory. 3. Interpret and manipulate the results. 4. To overcome the conceptual difficulties in applying principles. 5. Have better understanding of the concept by measuring and using quantities in laboratory work. COURSE CONTENT Exp No. 1. Experiment Objective Expected Outcomes

Determination refractive To determine refractive index of given liquids. index, molar refractive index of given liquid samples. Determination of specific rotation of sucrose at various concentrations and determine the intrinsic rotation.

Quality control of formulations containing mainly amino acids and dextrose.

2.

To determine specific Quality control of syrups and rotation of sucrose at lozenzes. various concentrations and determine the intrinsic rotation.

3.

Determination of rate To determine rate constant How the rate of reaction varies constant of simple reaction. of simple reaction. with concentration of reactants, temperature and insight in to the reaction mechanism. Determination of surface To determine surface To determine percentage tension of given liquid composition of liquid binary
26

4.

tension.

samples.

mixture and parachor

to

determine

5.

Determination tension.

of

surface To determine surface To determine percentage tension of given liquid composition of liquid binary samples. mixture and to determine parachor. To determine viscosity of To determine percentage given liquid samples. composition of liquid binary mixture and to determine rheochor.

6.

Determination of viscotiy.

7.

Determination of partition To Determine partition measure of a molecules co-efficient. co-efficient of sample. lipophilic character pH determination different methods. by To determine pH different methods. by To operate pH meter and role of pH in different formulations. To draw solubility curve and to study different aspects in solubility of solid in liquids, liquids in liquids.

8.

9.

Determination of solubility.

To Determine solubility.

References: 1. JB Yadav, Advanced Practical Physical Chemistry 26th edition 2008, Krishna Prakashan Media Meerut, India. 2. Martin A, Bustamante P. & Chun A.H.C- Physical Pharmacy, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.

27

PH-122 PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-II (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY- I) OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE The area of application of Organic Chemistry is vast and includes Pharmaceuticals. The objective of the course is to provide a general understanding of organic chemistry and a knowledge of basic organic reactions. To study the structure, conformation and stereochemistry of organic compounds, their reactions and mechanisms, and thereby to gain an understanding of both the fundamental principles of organic chemistry and a knowledge of the most important functional groups. Highlight shall be on reactions and mechanism, Stereochemistry of organic compounds in synthesis. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE On completion of course, students will be able to: 1. To understand the basics of organic chemistry and IUPAC rules of nomenclature to give correct names for organic compounds, draw correct structures that correspond to a name, and correctly use and recognize common names . 2. To understand the principles of stereochemistry to locate stereocenters and label stereoisomers, identify chiral compounds, give stereochemical relationships between molecules, use Fischer projections, solve optical activity problems, and identify stereochemical results of a reaction. 3. The students shall be able to name, prepare and predict the reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkyl halides and alcohols. The students at the end of the unit would have a clear concept about nucleophiles and electrophiles, acids, and bases, and correctly draw the mechanisms of selected reactions. 4. Upon successful completion of this unit, the students shall be able to define and recognize aromatic compounds and the importance of resonance and aromaticity. To name substituted derivates of benzene and to write the detailed mechanisms of electrophilic substitution reactions and to predict the products of common aromatic reactions. 5. The students shall be able to demonstrate knowledge of the nomenclature, synthesis methods, and chemical properties of carbonyl compounds, organometallic compounds and carboxylic acids and other compounds considered to be derived from them, and shall be able to explain selected reactions mechanistically. SYLLABUS Unit-I Structure and Properties : Atomic Structure, atomic orbital, molecular orbital, hybridization, sigma & Pi bond, covalent, electrovalent and co-ordinate bond, inductive effect, resonance, Classification & Nomenclature of organic compounds. [08] Unit-II Isomerism, geometrical isomerism, Stereochemistry including optical activity, stereoisomerism, specification of configuration and conformational analysis. [08] Unit-III
28

Important methods of preparation, reactions with special reference to mechanism of the following classes of compounds: Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes & dienes, alkyI halides, Alcohols. [08] Unit-IV Aromatic Compounds, aromatic character, structure of benzene, resonance, orientation of aromatic substitution, arenes, amines (aliphatic & aromatic), phenols, aryl halides. [08] Unit-V Aldehydes and ketones (aliphatic & aromatic), carboxylic acids & their derivatives, hydroxy acids. Organometallic Compounds- Grignard reagent, their preparation & synthetic application [08] BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Morrison, R.T., and Boyd R.N., Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi. 2. Finar, I.L., Organic Chemistry, Vol. I & II, ELBS/Longman. 3. Jain, M.K. Organic Chemistry, Sohan Lal Nagin Chand & Co. 60 B, Bunglaw Road, Delhi. 4. Hendrikson, Organic Chemistry. 5. Godly, E.W. Naming Organic Compounds. 6. Kalsi, Organic Reactions Stereochemistry & Mechanism". * Latest editions of all the suggested books are recommended. WEB LINKS http://www.organic-chemistry-tutor.com eppe.tripod.com/orgtable.htm http://web.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/tutorials/resonance/draw_res_str.html http://www.stolaf.edu/depts/chemistry/courses/toolkits/247/rvss.htm

29

PH-I22P PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY II (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I) OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE To learn and master fundamental organic chemistry laboratory techniques, to perform synthetic reactions, workups, and purifications, to learn how to operate instrumentation and analyze spectral data, learn and use a molecular modeling program, and to write original lab reports in a professional manner. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE On the completion of the course, students will be able to: i. Perform the standard techniques used in practical organic chemistry. ii. Plan and carry out a multi-step synthesis using a prescribed procedure. iii. Measure and report relevant physical properties of prepared compounds. iv. Identify selected organic unknowns through physical properties, chemical tests, spectral data, and derivative preparation. v. Handle organic chemicals safely and describe their potential dangers. vi. Learn disposal techniques and laboratory emergency procedures. COURSE CONTENT Exp No. 1. Experiment Objective Expected Outcomes

Qualitative Organic Analysis: To find out the extra Systematic identification of Identification of elements and elements and functional an organic compound groups present in a given functional groups in given sample. organic sample. Purification of solvents like To purify the organic Improvement of product Benzene, chloroform, acetone and solvents using distilation quality by using purifed preparation of absolute alcohol. techniques. organic solvents. Synthesis of compounds involving To synthesize organic Construction of organic benzoylation, acetylation, compounds and report compounds via organic bromination, reduction & oxidation. their yield and melting reactions. point. Synthesis of following compounds Picric acid Aniline Acetanilide
30

2.

3.

Aspirin Hippuric acid P-Bromo acetanilide Iodoform Oxalic Acid

BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Mann, F.G, & Saunders, B.C., Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS/ Longman. 2. Vogel A.I., Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS/Longman. WEB LINKS http://files.rushim.ru/books/praktikum/Mann.pdf http://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/practical-chemistry/organic-chemistry http://www.rsc.org http://www.organicchemistryreview.com/

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PH-123 ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGYAND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY-II Objectives of the course Anatomy and Physiology II is designed to provide a foundation in human biology. This course provides instruction on the principles of human anatomy and physiology emphasizing the integration of structure and function. The topics covered are terminology, nervous system including CNS and ANS, lymphatic, sense organ, demography and family planning and brief idea of communicable disease. At the completion of the course the student will be able to apply this basic knowledge to changes in bodily functions as a result of disease and determine the reason for functional changes. Desired outcome of the course The students must be able to: 1. Understand the structure and function of the nervous system. 2. Understand structure and function of the basic senses. The student will describe the location, structure and afferent pathways of the taste, smell and sight receptors. The student will discuss specific diseases of the eye and ear that affect their abilities. 3. Understand the structure and function of the lymphatic system. The student will describe the structure, function and location of lymphatic vessels (capillaries, collecting vessels, trunks and ducts) and the lymphoid organs (thymus, spleen, tonsils, Peyers patches, appendix and lymph nodes) 4. Understand the Demography and Family Planning and First Aid. Emergency treatment of shock, snake bites, burns, poisoning, fractures and resuscitation methods 5. Understand the fundamental knowledge of communicable disease eg. Causative agent, mode of transmission and prevention. Syllabus Unit-I : Central Nervous System : Functions of different parts of brain and spinal cord. Neurohumoral transmission in the central nervous system, reflex action, electroencephalogram, specialized functions of the brain. Cranial nerves and their functions. Autonomic Nervous System : Physiology and functions of the autonomic nervous system. Mechanism of neurohumoral transmission the A.N.S. Unit-II : Sense Organs : Basic anatomy and physiology of the eye (vision), ear (hearing), taste buds, nose (smell), and skin (superficial receptors). Unit-III : Lymphatic System : Composition , formation and circulation of lymphs, lymph node and spleen.
32

Unit-IV : . Demography and Family Planning, Medical termination of pregnancy. First Aid : Emergency treatment of shock, snake bites, burns, poisoning, fractures and resuscitation methods. Unit-V Communicable Diseases: Brief outline, their causative agents, modes of transmission and prevention (Chicken pox, measles, influenza, whooping cough, tuberculosis, poliomyelities, malaria, rabies, tetanus, leprosy, syphillis, gonorrhoea, and AIDS). Books Recommended 1. 2. 3. 4. Guyton AC, Hall JE., Text book of Medical Physiology, WB Saunders Company. Chatterjee, C.C. Human Physiology, Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta. Ross & Wilson, Anatomy & Physiology in Health & Illness, Churchill Livingstone. Tortora GJ, & Anagnodokos NP, Principles of Anatomy & Physiology, Harper & Rave Publishers, New Delhi. 5. Parmar N.S., Health Education & Community Pharmacy CBS Publishers, Delhi. 6. Shalya Subhash, Human Physiology, CBS Publishers & Distributors. 7. Keele, C.A., Niel, E and Joels N, Samson Wrights Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press. Suggested web links 1. 2. 3. 4. msjensen.cehd.umn.edu/webanatomy/ http://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/ www.primalonlinelearning.com/ highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072919329/student_view0

33

PH-123P ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGYAND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY-II Objectives of the course Objectives of the course is to demonstrate competency using laboratory equipment to assess various physiological parameters and interpret results from laboratory experiments and explain the overall structurefunction relationship of all systems. Exp.No. Experiment
1. 2. To study and demonstrate the first aid methods. To study and demonstrate the procedures of bone fractures and resuscitation methods To record & measure the lung volumes & the vital capacity To determine physical & chemical properties of urine. To study gross anatomy of brain with the help of model and chart. To study gross anatomy of ear with helps of model and chart. To study gross anatomy of eye ball with help of model and chart To study gross anatomy of skin with the help of model and chart. To demonstrate the effect of various stimuli/drugs on eye with the help of computer aided learning software. Assignment on Bacterial, Viral & Parasitic communicable diseases

Objective
To study and demonstrate the first aid methods To study and demonstrate the procedures of bone fractures and resuscitation methods. To study & measure the lung volumes & the vital capacity To perform physical & chemical properties of normal urine To study gross anatomy of brain with the help of model and chart. To study gross anatomy of ear with helps of model and chart To study gross anatomy of eye ball with helps of model and chart To study gross anatomy of skin with the help of model and chart. To study the effect of various stimuli/drugs on eye with the help of computer aided learning software. Assignment on Bacterial, Viral & Parasitic communicable diseases

Expected outcome
The student will learn the provision of initial care life threatening situations The student will learn the first aid procedure for fractured bone and various steps of resuscitation method. The student will know the lung volume and vital capacity of an object The student will know the different physical and chemical properties of normal urine The student will familiar with detail anatomy, structure and function of brain The student will know the anatomy and mechanism of hearing The student will know the structure and mechanism of vision The student will know the anatomy and function of skin The student will know the effects of stimuli/ drugs of eye

3. 4.

5.

6. 7.

8.

9.

10.

The student will learn the causative agent, mode of transmission and treatment of communicable diseases

Books Recommended 1. Ranade VG, Text Book of Practical Physiology, Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune. 2. Difore SH, Atlas of Normal Histology Lea & Febiger Philadelphia.

34

PH-124 COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS AND PROGRAMMING OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE This is an introductory course on computer programming for first year students. The principle goal of the course is to teach basic computer programming concepts and apply them to computer based problem solving methods. The course stresses hands on computer programming using C, a powerful high level programming language. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE 1. The desired outcome for students is to learn the underlying computing concepts and principles so they can use computers to solve problems from a variety of disciplines. 2. Students will gain sufficient ability and confidence to be able to learn to use new software to solve new problems on their own. 3. The instruction and assessment must focus on genuine problem solving tasks, rather than static measures of component facts, such as those measured by multiple choice exams. Unit-1:Definition and Overview of Computer, Computer classification, Computer Organization, Computer code, computer classification of Boolean algebra. Input Devices Out put devices, Storage devices. Computer Software, Types of software. Overview of Computer Networks, LAN, MAN, WAN, Internet, Intranet, network topology. Internetworking: Bridges, Repeaters and Routers. Unit-2: Introduction: Operating system and function, Evolution of operating system, Batch, Interactive, Time sharing and Real Time System. Single User Operating System and Multi-user Operating system, Compare MS-DOS vs. UNIX, Various window features. Internal and External commands in MS-DOS. Unit- 3: Introduction to MS-OFFICE-2003, Word 2003 Document creation, Editing, formatting table handling, mail merge, Excel-2003, Editing, working retrieval, Important functions, short cut keys used in EXCEL. Unit 4: MS-Power point 2003-Job Profile, Elements of Power point , ways of delivering presentation, concept of Four Ps (Planning , Preparation, Practice and Presentation) ways of handling presentations e.g. creating, saving slide show controls, Adding formatting, animation and multimedia effects. Database system concepts, Data models schema and instance , Database language, Introduction to MSAccess 2003, main components of Access tables, Queries, Reports, Forms, table handling, working on Query and use of database. Unit- 5: Computer applications in Pharmaceutical and clinical studies, uses of Internet in Pharmaceutical Industry. BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Sinha, R.K., Computer Fundamentals, BPB Publications. 2. Raja Raman, V, Computer Programming in C, PHI Publication. 3. Hunt N and Shelley J. Computers and Common Sense Prentice Hall of India. 4. N.K.Tiwari, Computer Fundamentals with Pharmacy Applications. 5. G.N.Rao, Biostatistics & Computer Applications. WEBLINKS: 1. www.cse.msu.edu 2. www.edulearn.com 3. www.cs.utah.edu

35

PH-124P COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS AND PROGRAMMING OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE This is an introductory course on computer programming for first year students. The principle goal of the course is to learn the practical computer basic skills, applications, installation and troubleshooting. 2. Students learn to use advanced techniques of MS-PowerPoint 2010 and to publish presentations to the Web. 3. Learn to use MS-Access 2010 as a Database Management System Tool. 4. Delivering a project among a team to design, implement and utilize a database.
1.

.DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE 1. The desired outcome for students is to learn the underlying computing concepts and principles so they can use computers to solve problems from a variety of disciplines. 2. Students will gain sufficient ability and confidence to be able to learn to use new software to solve new problems on their own. 3. The instruction and assessment must focus on genuine problem-solving tasks , rather than static measures of component facts, such as those measured by multiple choice exams. SOFTWARE LAB TO BE USED FOR THE FOLLOWING 1. Windows, Managing Windows, Working with Disk , Folders and files. 2. MS-Office 2003 (MS Word, MS Power point, MS Excel, MS Access). 3. Computer Operating System Like DOS and Windows. 4. Internet Features (E-mail, Browser etc.)
WEBLINKS

1. www.cse.msu.edu 2. www.edulearn.com 3. www.cs.utah.edu

36

PH-125 PHARMACOGNOSY- I OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE Pharmacognosy is the study of drugs in their crude form. It includes the knowledge of drugs with reference to taxonomy and chemistry as they are derived from plant origin, animal origin, and mineral and plant tissue culture. This subject also emphasizes about knowledge of cultivation, collection, prevention of adulteration, storage and uses of important medicinal plants. It includes the study of medicinal plants which are obtained from primary metabolites. DESIRED OUTCOME OF THE COURSE Student must able to understand: 1.The meaning of Pharmacognosy, acquire knowledge about the origin, history, scope, development, its present status and future prospects of Pharmacognosy. 2.Study about different sources of crude drugs and their significance in novel medicinal agents. Have general information on classification of drugs by different methods. 3. Students need to know the basic morphology and anatomy of plants, and its different parts. They also need to know the basics of plant taxonomy with reference to its families. 4. Understand the basic concepts of general method of cultivation with production and a brief account of domestication of plants, improvement of plants, principles of plant breeding, and use of fertilizers, economic and ecological aspects of cultivation. 5. Knowledge about active constituents, chemical nature and uses of carbohydrates, protein and lipids. As well as gain the basic knowledge of adulteration and evaluation of crude drugs and its need. SYLLABUS Unit-I 1. Plant and its Parts, definition, history, scope & development of Pharmacognosy. 2. Source of Drug: Biological, marine, mineral and plant tissue cultures as source of drugs. Marine Pharmacognosy, Novel medicinal agents from marine sources. 3. Classification of Drugs: Alphabetical, Morphological, Taxonomical, Chemical & Pharmacological. [8] Unit-II Plant taxonomy : Study families with reference to medicinally important plants Apocynacae, Solanaceae, Umbelliferae, Leguminosae, Rubiaceae, Liliaceae, Labitae, Acanthaceae, Compositae, Papaveraceae . [8] Unit-III Cultivation, Collection, Processing & Storage of crude drugs A. Factors influencing cultivation of medicinal plants, Type of Soils & fertilizers of common use. B. Pest & Pest Management , natural pest control agents & Storage of crude and processed drugs C. Plant hormones and their applications. D. Polyploidy, Mutation & hybridization. [8]

37

Unit-IV Quality Control of crude drugs: Adulteration of crude drugs and their detection by organoleptic, microscopic, physical, chemical and biological methods of evaluation including Quantitative microscopy. WHO guidelines for standardisation of medicinal plants. [8] Unit-V PHacognostic study of following a) Carbohydrates & Proteins : Agar, Guar gum, acacia, Honey, Isabgol, pectin, starch, tragacanth & sterculia b) Lipids Beeswax, castor oil, Cocabutter, hydnocarpus oil, Codliver oil, shark liver oil, Linseed oil, wool fat, Rice-bran oil & Lard.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Trease, G.E. & Evans, W.C., Pharmacognosy Bailleire Tindall East bourne, U.K. 2. Wallis, T.E., Text book of Pharmacognosy, J.A. Churchill, Ltd 4. Wallis T.E., Analytical Microscopy, J&A Churchill Limited, London. 5. Brain K.R. and Turner T D. The Practical Evaluation of Phyto Pharmaceutical, Wright, Scientechnica- Bristol. 7. Schewer PJ, Marine Natural products, Academic Press, London. 8. Mohammed Ali, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry.

Suggested web links 1. http://www.botanical.com 2. http://www.pharmacognosy.us 3. http://www.pharmatutor.org/pharmacognosy 4. http://www.pharmacognosy.com/

38

PH-125P PHARMACOGNOSY- I COURSE OBJECTIVE To learn and master fundamentals of Pharmacognosy. OUTCOME OF THE COURSE The students are expected to compare experimental results with theoretical concepts, speculate reasons for discrepancies, and learn from deductive reasoning. COURSE PRE REQUISITES Theoretical knowledge of the course contents of Pharmacognosy I COURSE CONTENT
Exp No. 1. Experiment Objective Expected Outcomes

Morphological characteristics of To find out the diagnostic Systematic identification plant families mentioned in theory. characters present in a plant of and diagnostic characters of plants families the family. Determination of leaf Constants To determination the given leaf Identification and Constants like Standardization of given Stomatal index, Stomatal leaf drugs. number, Vein islet number, Vein determination number Palisade ratio

2.

3.

Microscopical measurements cell & cell contents

of To identify and measure the Differentiation of crude drug from possible cell components like adulterants and their Starch grains, identification. Calcium oxalate Crystals Phloem Fibres Trichomes

4.

Identification of crude drugs To identify the crude drugs Chemicals test for drugs belonging to carbohydrates & belonging to carbohydrates. belonging to these lipids. chemical classes. To identify the crude drugs belonging to lipids.

39

REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. http://books.google.co.in/ http://www.pharmainfo.net www.bookganga.com http://www.pharmagupshup.in http://www.gobookee.net http://pharmacology.uonbi.ac.ke

40